| Show The Herald journal Logan Utah Sunday November S 1987-- 31 ‘Teaching’ lambs may save operators money uPJLi StIte more rfim krn- JSSSff11 University researchers have bout the wy certain domestic In the process they have 1 wajrt0 Produce "finished’’ - "Xto jidt'JSrte W“Ch mJOr rnJhc t''0 USU College of Natural Resource researchers have put their knowledge of animal mechanisms to use in experiments with lambs from birth through finishing aspectof on8°ing research by range Mfjckte professor Frederick D Provenza wildlife professor David F Balph and range graduate student Luis Ortega makes effective use of young animals’ learning mechanisms Since the cost per lkmb per day in the drylot or feedlot situation is about 85 cents shortening the feeding time means great dollar savings to operators A feedlot may nave 30000 lambs and shortening finishing just 10 days would mean a Mvingsofmore than $25500 Provenza said Working on the basis that learning early in life enables plant eaters — to develop preferences for or aversions to plants the researchers exposed the lambs to barley at about five weeks of age The researchers expected that the lambs would learn which foods to eat from social models — mothers and peers Those lambs with their mothers were quick to follow their Don Huber Agriculture notes reduce thatch buildup “Lowering the mower blade removes some of the accumulation of dead stems and leaves’’ says Duane Hatch Utah State University Extension horticulturist “When the mower is raised for the next n appearance cutting it gives a good to the lawn Hatch says the operations doesn't scalp the lawn completely but helps remove grass parts that can add to a thatch layer Also he says leaving grass long and shaggy going into winter may contribute to snow mold the fungus disease that turns lawns white during the winter He says snow mold damage is seldom permanent and chemical controls usually are not justified He adds that because of the good weather that's hung around it may not be too late to add the last application of fertilizer Use a high nitrogen fertilizer at the recommended rate dark-gree- examples and moved to the feeders when the mothers did They consumed as much as lambs exposed with another adult ewe and those consumed twice as much as lambs exposed alone as USU range graduate student Anna Thorh a Usdottir demonstrated in her thesis work The young animals with mothers readily accepted the barley Lambs in a control group were not exposed to the barley The animals were then put on summer range and in the fall were returned to the feedlot Following return from the summer range the animals m the control group delayed accepting the barley and ate less Those lambs exposed to barley early in life accepted it readily and reached the finished conditions about two weeks sooner than the control lambs Provenza said No feed additives or supplements were used in the experiments 'Scalping' lawns Scalping the lawn this time of year can help that feels like you're walking on golfballs" Hatch says those mounds are created by an otherwise beneficial animal the earthworm or nightcrawler The lump is the casting of the worm as it surfaces to breathe and perhaps to feed on accumulated grass residue Hatch says Worms may damage new seedlings but generally are objectionable only because they make the lawn bumpy Hatch says earthworms are beneficial so eradication is neither advisable nor warranted Further he says no chemical control has been registered His solution is lawn management: water infrequently but deeply to allow air to enter the soil between waterings and aerate the lawn (now is an excellent time for that he say) to provide conditions that put air below the soil surface Be sure the aerator pulls cores from the lawn and make enough trips so the holes are 4 inches apart One practice suggested to reduce worm damage but not eliminate the worms is to apply sulfur three times each growing season Spread at least 3 pounds of sulfur per 1000 3-- Worms and lumpy lawns h lawns gone lumpy may have a case of the worms “This change in terrain has generated a lot of calls to Extension offices’’ says Duane Hatch Utah State University Extension horticulturist “Many have found that their lawns have progressed from a nice smooth surface to one Once-smoot- square feet “Now is an excellent time for the last application so winter precipitation can move the sulfur into the soil” Hatch says Agriculture yearbook stresses role of land in US history - WASHINGTON (UPI) Vast reaches of land influenced the shape of American democracy and in turn the Constitution nurtured the highly successful agricultural industry that grew from the land The inseparability of land and US history is the theme of the 1987 Yearbook of Agriculture released Thursday The historical flavor of the yearbook “Our American Land" was influenced by the nation’s celebration this year of the bicentennial of the Constitution “Land ownership has been a central force behind the growth of America’s economic and political institutions from the first moment settlers stepped upon this nation's shores’’ said Agriculture Secretary Richard Lyng in the forward of the yearbook In contrast to Europe where land was owned and controlled by aristocrats American settlers found cheap abundant land Lyng said When the Constitution was signed 200 323-pa- ge influence so we in agriculture may take our Constitutional heritage for granted” Paarlberg said Seventeen of 55 delegates to the Constitutional Convention in Philadelphia were slave owners and the document initially permitted slaves who provided cheap agricultural labor Then it outlawed slavery Its initial emphasis was on states’ rights but it permitted a trend toward centralized decisionmaking Paarlberg a professor emeritus at Purdue University said the Constitution enhances agriculture's political strength by giving each state two senators A majority of senatorial votes can be obtained from 26 states with strong agricultural interests but only 17 percent of the US popula- ears ago about 90 percent of people ived and worked on farms and most of those people owned their land “Some historians argue that our very form of democratic government grew out of the economic and political problems which confronted those farmers” Lyng said The 88th yearbook of agriculture also concentrates on history of land conservation and current and future efforts to preserve the nation’s bountiful land resources “In the end we must ask ourselves what has been our stewardship of the land” said Wilmer Mizell assistant agriculture secretary at a briefing to release the book Don Paarlberg one of 86 authors of the yearbook and a former chief Agriculture Department economist said the Constitution's flexibility is nowhere more evident than in its relation to the nation’s agriculture it tion “The necessity of obtaining Senate concurrence on agricultural legislation explains in part the solicitude for agriculture that characterizes our national policies and helps shape our institutions” Paarlberg said “Just as a child may grow up unaware of the subtlety of parental The Constitution provides stron safeguards for property rights an fosters widespread land ownership “It gave agriculture a different start in this country from that in many Latin American countries with stronger central governments and fewer individual rights” Paarlberg said When the Land-GraCollege Act was proposed in the 19th century opponents said it was unconstitutional But' that viewpoint did not prevail and passage of that 1862 law marked the beginning of educational research and extension institutions that produced modern American nt agriculture Paarlberg said the 16th Amendment to the Constitution passed in 1913 permitted levying of an income tax which generated money that could be transferred to agriculture The Agricultural Adjustment Act was declared unconstitutional in 1936 Paarlberg said but Congress then found a way to make government programs to regulate price and production of farm products fit within the Constitution “Corn wheat and cotton programs are the result either of a reinterpreted Constitution or an end run around it” he said states from taxing incoming products of another state the Constitution provides a national market for farm products It prohibits export taxes which have By prohibiting constrained agricultural develop- ment in some other countries such as Argentina and Thailand Although it took the Civil War to win acceptance of prohibitions against nullification and secession Paarlberg said those principles permitted a national agriculture with local diversity When the Supreme Court interpreted the Constitution to outlaw it provided improved segregation opportunities to people who formerly lacked advantages Turnout for classes shows horsemanship still topic of interest It has been about 10 years since I offered a J'VOfciyne riding class in Horsemanship instructor the evening It is hard tp teach day and night but I thought I would give it another try voice hands legs or body the because of the pressure on horse will respond because he every teacher to have more actually wants to please student credit hours This summer I got into terI can only handle 10 riders in rain that was rough and steep the indoor arena at a time It was nice to know my horse Even that is more than would would do his best to take care of be desirable but it is necessary me and himself He never went to take as many as possible to down or quit even when we were both tired and a long way get the student load When the first night class met from the trailer 1 have been to there were 18 students They many regiswere from Park City Salt Lake tered horse sales around the Sundance West to find 25 head of the City Bountiful (Provo Canyon) and Randolph nicest horses I have ever as well as the local area owned These high quality This was a much better turn- horses are being used in the out than I expected The class classes and are working well had to be divided into two When I first started teaching classes which meant more these classes I had to use ola nights out pregnant mares (owned by the Why is it there is still so much university) that didn’t want to interest in horsemanship? I trot let alone lope When a don’t think the cowboy image rider would kick a mare to get will ever die I look into the her to lope she would kick out future and think of all that is and hit the barn wall There going to take place Yet I feel were boards kicked out of the there will still be people want- side of the barn I roped a number of horses ing to learn to ride horses and live the cowboy life 50 years just to catch them to ride from now Today every student can walk There is something special into the corral and walk right about the feeling one nas when up to a horse he or she has a close relaThese students attending tionship with a horse To have a class day or night will have an horse that comes to you and exciting experience working puts his head over your with these fine horses They will shoulder to nuzzl your arm or learn a lot before the quarter is look into your eyes over There is a special bond It is great to have students formed between a rider and his and adults that want to learn horse when he trains the horse the safe and time tested ways to to respond to his command handle ride and care for horse Whether that command is from It is a pleasure to teach them McArthur Campbell awarded honor The American Society for Horticultural Science will present its Outstanding Graduate Educator Award for 1987 to William F Campbell of Utah State University Monday The award to recognize distinguished contributions to have distinguished themselves with their professional work the society pointed out Campbell himself has re- ceived three awards for excellence in research from the society In 1983 he also received the College of Agriculture Distinguished Faculty Award and in education graduate Horticulture science over a in 1984 the Faculty Library period of 10 or more years will Award at USU go to Dr Campbell professor of He has obtained nearly $15 plant science at USU at the million in government and insociety’s awards program in dustry grants to support his Kissimmee Fla research in addition to universiHe has educated graduate ty research funds He is restudents from more than a cognized for excellent research dozen countries many of whom using the electron microscope it's so easy and trouble free to use LOOK at the low interest rate LOOK f I 1 T it UTAH'S FIRST HOME EQUITY LINE OF CREDIT EASY TO USE a personal line of credit secured by the equity in your home To use this line of credit all you do is write a check It's that easy that trouble free CSB's EQUI-LIN- is E LOW INTEREST RATE Set your own credit line limit Up to 70 of the equity in your home Use it for investments college tuition medical expenses remodeling your home a vacation a boat a motorhome — or even that new Camcorder for Christmas The interest on some uses may qualify for a full tax deduction and the rate you pay is nearly half what CIS An Equal Housing Lander Mentor FOC At at Nowtnber 2 WS7 CSB Prime Reteiw 900 ID Commercial Bank If to Sim Therefore your ATR would have been 11 00 There it an tnniui rrumirtuncr frr oi S3500 75 some credit cards charge — only 2 over CSB's Prime rate LOOK INTO CSB'S EQUI-LIN- E Let the equity in your home secure your personal line of credit with a Ask about CSB EQUI-LIN- E EQUI-LIN- E at any Commercial Security Bank branch office Copyright M7 Genmrcui Smelly Bmepurjinei The APR will very with cHmjtrs in CSBs Prime Rete n 4L jA ft Jl |
