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Show THE ges> Subscriptions to the WEsTERN WEEKLY are now due, and subscribers who have not already done so, and where no special ar- rangement payment, has been will please made! make for early remittances to this office: Money may be sent by postal note, money order or registered letter, or small amounts may be sent in one cent stamps. CARE OF MANURE. There are a few pertaining to scientific barnyard facts manure which every person who keeps domestic animals should understand. ; First, the fluids of the manure are proportionately more rich in plant food than are the solids, and as far as possible should utilized. _ Second, manure should not left in a condition to heat at leastone of be be up, for its‘most important ‘ingredients may thus be destroyed. Third, the valuable portions of manurial solids are to an important extent soluble in water. Hence if manure is exposed to the percolation of rain and melt- built He has on the theory mention a fact that is taken advantage of by practical stock men of the East who come into our territory to buy cattle for shipment,and that we either cannot see or will not adopt. It is this: The fattest steers we raise make only low grade beef. This is evidenced by the fact that our first class hotels import their beef, while our fat cattle are shipped to Iowa and Nebraska and there made to weigh from 300 to 400 ibs. more than they do here, being then sent to the Chicago naarket and our own tables. finally back to “But,” says one, “I feed a number of steers every winter, and know they are fat in the spring and can prove it if you will look at them.” Is that so? Doyou really feed them till they are fat? Don’t you take them from the range about the time they have begun to fall off in flesh and after keeping them all winter, send them to market in about the same condition that the fattest range cattle are in summer? ing snow which leaches through IThada long talk witha Nebraska into a porous soil or drains off, it stock man the other day aid by asking is very much deteriorated in a large number of questions, got afew points on the business. This man was value. Fourth, if left to dry out and bake in the wind and sun it suffers decomposition | | | 1! which detrimental. From these facts we may draw the conclusions that manure which is of necessity exposed in the barnyard should be piled with care and when hauled onto the land should be plowed under at once, or as soon as possible. a Coe | | is seriously Moreover it shows that land should not be flooded, allowing the water to run onto it and off again, for the water thus carries away with it much matter that is valuable to the crops. ><} STOCK >< 4 RAISING. An Interestieg Review of the Present Status of this Industry in Utah. in the butchering business for | | fifteen yearsand killed during that time an ayerage of fifteen thousand cattle per year. So you see his experience ought to be worth something. In fact, it is consid- ered so valuable that a company pays him a salary that would be snug competence for many of us every year, besides expenses, to go out and buy stock for them to feed. He tells me that it takes six months time and eighty ‘bushels of ground corn to make one of your fat steers ready for the market. “Your stockmen” he said “talk about having fine steers and of the quality of Utah beef. Why, there is no beef raised here that is prime. I can actually taste the browse as lam eating it. Your people don’t seem to know what a fine cut of beef is, though it would hardly do for me totellthem so. They would think I was trying to run down the quality for the purpose of buying cheap.” Continuing he said: “You don’t raise any good proof cattle in this country. Keep a steer till he is five or six years old and he has a large head, long The condition of the stock industry of the country has materially changed in the last decade and the transformation WEEKLY. good milk and enough of it for all ordi- luxury. To preserve apples green for nary purposes. winter consumption is not as simple a “What do I think of the stock busi- matter as it may seem. The place where that those who were in the country when he c-me were all that could ever ness of the future? Oh, the big ranches they are stored should be clean and well possibly live here and that he would al- are about played out; time is nota ventilated. The temperature should be without freezing. ways have access for grazing purposes to’ great way off when the country will be as low as possible the public domain. Then he sees large too thickly populated to admit of exten- This is a very important point and ranchers raising cattle by the thousands sive ranges, besides the sheep have the should be regulated by the aid of a therand concludes that he cannot compete advantage and as a matter of course the mometer hung permanently in the vault with them. The result is the farmer farmers of the country will raise the or storehouse where the apples are kept. It is a matter of no special importance concludes to reduce the number of his beef for the people. “How about the southern country? whether the kitchen cellar, the granary, stock to one or two milch cows, the calves from which can be sold for veal. Well, neither the southern territories the barn or ayault made for that special This practice of course has not become nor Mexico can raise good beef stock. purpose is used, provided the temperaentirely prevalent, but isaltogether too I don’t know just why, but they can’t do ture is properly regulated and the air it. Their cattle are not up to the stan- about the apples is dry and pure. An common for the best profits. dard. They don’t seem to thrive down exchange suggests the following useful Instead of having aregular income from his stock, the farmer finds himself there; they can raise no proof cattle at and interesting experiments: “Select fifty good, sound apples from planting wheat, wheat, wheat, and all. Thereis no need of any fear of from the south. Take the shelf or exposed mass, wrap each in| spending the whole of his crops every competition Count out] year for the necessary expenses of labor, Texas cattle; they are the most infer- a paper and replace them. machinery and existence without per- ior stock in the world, and you will see fifty more, the same in condition, and ceptibly gaining in the race for comfort- from the reports of Chicago markets place them aside exposed. Place fifty that they are the lowest class quoted. equal specimens each, in boxes of suitable competence. It seems foolish to raise a crop year The south cannot compete with the able size, packed in fine shavings, fine chopped oat straw, coarse and fine chaff, after year that conditions demand one north in the matter of beef.” A great many more points were gained, bran, sifted coal ashes, and plaster; put half of to garner while the other half must be sold at acent a pound, when but this article is getting too long for them into a cold, but not freezing, apartjust as great a yield can be obtained per continuance and must be taken up later ment. Fill boxes, large enough to hold half a bushel or a bushel, with apples in acre from a crop that costs no more and when I shall tell you what my conclusions are and about what cattle are the a more compact packing, as plaster or sells for three cents per pound. In fine chaff, and place them in the barn, -In other words, a farmer had far bet- best to raise and how to raise them. ter plant his land to crops that he can fact, I may as well mark this story to be with afew feet of hay, ora foot or two of chaff, upon them. Leave them all put into beef, than to raise only wheat continued. undisturbed until after those kept in JERRY Marker. to sell in an overstocked market. the usual way are gone, and you get In this connection it may be well to what to do with the family cow. no pastures, having This Department will be devoted strictly to the interests and development of Western Farming and Stock Culture, and contributions from persens engaged in those pursuits are solicited. WESTERN horns, grower just stepped up to the city to carry back his wealth. The commission merchant took him out to dinner, poured an absinthe cocktail into him, and then settled down to business. After a few minutes’ conversation the merchant handed the grower a two-cent postage stamp and. asked for a receipt. “What’s this for?” gasped the Delewarean, ae “That’s your share of the profits,” blandly returned the commission merchant, “You’er in luck, old man.” Then he handed Mr. Byron Salesberry a slip that read like this: For harvesting crop, baskets, - : - $481.23 Freight, &c., hauling Commissions = crates, &G. * z 369.09 272.10 Total 2 : Receipts from sales them all at the same time carefully, bearing in mind the differing conditions under which each lot has been kept, and you will get a deal of useful informaWien. BRIC-A-BRAC. BY MORONI DUNCAN. There is a little maiden - STORING di ee ><~_—_r<¢ THE But think it happy fate; And hand in hand together Life’s stormy sea adown, I’d breast its wave my love to save, My pretty Maggie Brown. * * * * But Maggie is an iceberg, She will not hear my love, Altho’ I swear by everything On earth and up above. You will leave a part of the loose leaves So, cruel darling, fare you well! You’ve chilled my heart of flame, Dear only knows how many beaux You’ve treated just the same. . >< WESTERN WEEKLY CURRENT MARKET REPORT. Saturday, Nov. &, 1888. © fe gang 3 80 DQ liagiw © aeoO a® | Zi Butter, # wb [ 52 | 20 | 25 | 18 | 25 Eggs, % doz | SY joatg| 90 | 24 | 20 Flour, #9 hun’d |2 poe eae 75/2 8012 25 _ Pd toil for her and not repine * tii bk <r -¢ ENSILAGE. The use of ensilage for winter fodder is becoming a decidedly important matter in farm economy. What speaks loudest in its favor is the fact that the chronic doubters who make ita life’s mission to set their heels upon everything that has the appearance of an innovation upon the old and accepted ideas maintain a perfect silence in relation to it; which is an acknowledgment that arguments are all exhausted. Comparing the cost of ordinary with that of ensilage made their hay from corn an exchange gives the following estimate, which is well worthy of attention. Plowing 40 acres : $18 00 Plowing and cultivating : 90 00 Cutting in the field and ensiling 656 tons 288 64 Seed corn, 50 cents per acre 20 00 Total money expense $416 64 This is equal to $10.41 per acre, or 69146c. per ton. If to this were added use and keep of horses, $125; interest at 6 per cent on 40 acres at $80 per acre, $192; the use and wear of machinery, $20; entire cost of production would reach $758.64. or $1.151¢ per ton. What then is the conclusion of the whole matter? Simply this: That three cows can be wintered seven months on one acre producing sixteen ton of ensilage, high hips and heavy bones, and a staggy appearance that renders him unfit for beef. This is due partly to want of will probably be complete by the time proper feed and care, the latter cause beanother ten years have rolled by. I ing the principal one. You can’t raise speak now of the western country gener- good stock by turning them out on these ally, and of Utah especially. And the mountains and leaving them to rustle west has a great influence on the mar- their feed and take all sorts of chances while it required two acres of meadow kets of the United States. Formerly the and endure all kinds of hardships while in the same year, 1887, to winter one cow farmer found no trouble in keeping as getting it. Cattle don’t grow neat and with the same amount of ground feed many cattle ashe could provide feed trim and small-boned under those condi- in both cases. It may justly be said for during a short season in the winter tions. When afamily buys acut of beef that one ton of hay per acre is a light and in numerous instances stock were they don’t want half bone, and if an ani- crop, and isoften doubled. Sixteen tons grazed the year round. Gradually the mal has large bones, the price must be of ensilage is not a large crop; twentycountry was more thickly settled and low enough to enable the butcher to cut four tons are often obtained. where formerly the village herds grazed the big bones out and throw them away. during the long summer months, we now The butcher loses nothing by the process, STORING WINTER APPLES. the stock-raiser pays for it. see fruitful farms and orchards. Then What grade doTI consider best for sheep raising was introduced on a large Well, the Devon crossed with sz scale and the cattle industry was driven beef? The raising of good apples is not the nc out and back, till now a farmer is fre- Durham; or, the Polled Angus crossed only thing to be considered in the pro: quently put to his wits’ ends to know with Durham. Yes, this cross gives very curing of this inestimable household ><> > ae eT CABBAGE. On the storing of cabbage for winter the Ohio Farmer gives the following directions: If the heads are mature and solid they should be buried roots up, but loose heads can be pitted roots down so as to grow and make solid heads by spring. To bury cabbages, select dry land with a slope to carry off the water, pull them on a dry day, and if there is any water in the heads invert them and let them drain. Open a trench eight inches deep and wide enough for about four rows of heads packed as closely as they can be. Oh could I win my treasure, From early morn till late, * $1,122;42 1,122.40 >> Could make me blithe and gay, If she would just consent To give her self away; With her wealth of golden tresses That form her braided crown Her eyes of blue her heart so true My pretty Maggie Brown. * - Due to grower . 2 “And the man gave me a postage stamp, and that settled the business,’ said Salesberry. “Do you know anybody that wants to buy an orchard? Just send them around. IJ’ll throw in the postage stamp.” hungry for apples, and then examine [Written for the Western Weekly.] . yey nr to protect them, and no straw will be needed, but the earth may be shoveled directly on to them. Put on from ten to fifteen inches of earth and shape it up so as to keep out the rain. After the ground freezes protect the pit with straw or ground fedder, so as to prevent freezing and thawing, as this is what spoils them. Enough for use up to Christmas may be stored in boxes in a cool cellar. Loose heaps may be stored heads down, and will grow and make solid heads by spring. Open a flat trench four or five feet wide and set arow across the upper end, setting them at an angle of forty-five degrees, with the heads packed as close as possible; then cover the roots with earth and tramp it down on them, and place another row with the heads resting above the roots of the first row. When your pit is filled it will show a solid mass of heads. Now put up boards a foot wide or more around the edges and cover to this depth with lght litter, éé Bran, “80_ 85 90eae ad eee 90 Shorts « ee 1 00/1 0011 0011 00 Oats ¢é LAG ebL207 alae tot eine10 125/100 aoe IttO1011 ool Barley 00}1 10} 90 Cope oo Me a ie = Onions TOR Gee 90 66 Wheat, 70 65 75 | |-80 75 80 # bu. wear sou Potatoes:...“ 25 Beef, |AeROMER | 6a. aaalia,: “lea | 4. 10. ¢ tb 25 Mutton “ é Pork 66 LO or Veal “ Peaches, 25} 80 | 70 35 | 40 5 Fyeo 6-7a ok 8 (1214 15 10 | 5-7 OO tb 7 : 7 Apples, “ Sl oe ie Plums, = : “9 |8 {15441 41.10.19 10 lipte Apricots) Apples, green, <a) 2 ABDUL Wool, # ib Hides ee “ fhe5- v 8 95 | Peel aaeled dry) 8 green nee 4 +e (ABR 18 : pail 8 4 "6 | using first corn fodder and then leaves, and put a roof over it; and although the heads may freeze a Cuicaco GRAIN AND Live Stock. little, the roots will not, and the cabbage Cuicaco, November 1—Wheat,#® bu:— Cash, 1.1344; Deceember, 1.15; Janwill mature and be crisp and fresh in the spring. If you see signs of mice, put uary, 1.13; May, 116% Corn—cash, 38%; December, 38; some pieces of apple with a little strych- January 37144; May, 385¢. Oats—cash, 2444; December, 24%; nine on them around the top of the May, 29 pit. Rye—d744. Barley —Nominal. Cattle—beeves, 5.20@5.75; steers, 3.00 A Cent for a Cargo. @5.00; stockers and feeders, 1,70@3.30; A racy story is told by the Philadel- Texas cattle, 1.25@3.00; western rangers, phia Record of how a fruit grower dis- 2.90 @4.05. Sheep—natives, 3.00@3.00; western, posed of a cargo of peaches for a postage 3.00@3.50; Texans, 2.50@3.15,, stamp. Byron Salesberry has a fine fs" Ogden Report Corrected weekly by H. L. peach orchard and is a _ gentleman GRIFFIN, Wholesale Produce and Commission farmer. When a friend of his told him Merchant. Nephi Report VICKERS. Corrected weekly by J. W. weeekly by that he had raised oats on his: Delaware county farm that cost $11 per bushel Salesberry smiled and said he would show people what it is to be a gentleman farmer. He got his orchard into shape, and each day watched the fuzz as it gathered on the skin of the peach like a boy who watches his first moustache sprout. Then the cargo was harvested and sent to market. At the time it Logan Report Corrected weekly by J.A.McLateuiiy, at Z. C. M. I. reached the were tossing one to the other. city the peaches produce dealers into the river Provo Report C. A. GLAZIER. Corrected Salt Lake Report Corrected weekly by Secretary of Produce Exchange. Hides and Wool by J. W. Sanprrs. ts" Where two sets of figures are quoted in same space, price ranges from ; 4 |