Show home course in road making VII highway culverts Cu lverts and bridges by LOGAN WALLER director office of public roads road united states department ot agriculture cop light b 1 artia anno cl elation atlon I 1 L aa I 1 it ks IS find bi ldes in flit 4 on oil C fill fill rol fol it II twofold ose in ili flit alit aliue till alio no le tillI tid 0 to o 11 1 ii 1 nide tit iv its ill II lINsk r ril fi il ille lie solid gilld lit ilk tin flip ditc m is 1141 1 im fit i it fill 11 ti ii table loss 1111 fill 11 I 1 n alln on A I 1 1 1 at lei 1 I I 1 it ili inisi 60 lel I 1 entime or f 11 it will brida bradd 4 lit in this 1104 4 i uin mills dr h bill fal of if in hi till the alif t Ill ind tn ill lilt antii of tin flit ul lill trig liall rII IIII etli mill ut tit pl allin tit nf icila att it I 1 list ho lion NI 01 oil lv rf of i arni ibid ili till it ij 1111 lii i 1 if 1 il ip ie lit in a short coill ii 1 u I 1 to ili ills mok flit i lit mirlan i fonn i of pipe fillip ill eils bells hilti 1 hi flit pun in fil tho ii li lim irkel and ahe I 1 ibid jilt lists lili 1114 judgment UK fill 1 I ii t f ill alc 0 boull should io ull Is 1 itald tit ill MIP the lie emilit of tilla lie It ili III calf 11 1 I in ile fillon ing ii illk 1111 avei lit li hoine lik in ail 11 till 1 0 nil tit dir uld in III hill bild tile cin cintoli tili sn hn tant IK i il 1 ri rr I 1 I 1 P e I 1 y HIP flip rw i cunino r iiii kr vi i II 11 aads 11 14 oi lilar all lk ii 11 till pl sing olti it II itald aills in ili nil fill tamn lik bt built at tinli belld tit f flit LP 1111 pits to leela life ill fiuri being 4 lit ill 1 uhe I lie lunil ennui till fill to lit lio illicit alid il our it 11 ho lii pale 1 IP 1 nt lit destat lestat thim hint feet 1 i lie he olat oJill i 0 iiii ii tip ti piat lit till it lurta PON IS its tint it lilt lui lips hilll H pamily it guld ami niu tanin hill ln plu till vaits ate ensile hooken li leolen olen tile fire wit laid into and 1 vl ell I 1 it I 1 lit 0 allot 3 1 iiii till le if it tind ai d I 1 I 1 I 1 I 1 if I 1 a I 1 rot foi in of if fildbe tinita ta tf f Hm emlis lis udess life hit im iu oi 01 1 14 fling illitch 1 Is to lie be I 1 nikl mid mciff ich to in robill lie IN sho illI lie 10 built it alit of 0 abo ill 0 and tats file n 1 ments I 1 lie N milk 1111 f the olit w licit hist li ji the lip srini lalic me flit callol and the OK wt liu lorel lorellen led to lid is ow lit lite j lie mieor le of 1114 lir I 1 voillie it 1 in m it lb b I 1 ali if sp I 1 in it mid flit t alwita to id that tile I 1 ro re bald koi fol it A n 2 21 dilill hl 1 11 1 1111 giuli st ansill to do rot n to tio root foot still it C tit liidi it b in ill 10 kinli lilt if or 6 lit kinli it I 1 h I 1 1 aj 1 linh lin h Is in fat it ahnell I 1 foot is ill alln nimit that the lie tilt in to i le IP hid vallel ith IL flit thrills ss 44 of the he i and flit tina ani amit of lit ilie bellil el lil of lit tilt alio in ill tie bridge 1 it 14 4 i oft i nil to as the lilt dead load ill ail lilt ila I 1 loud loli N lil ill 1 ii I 1 alif Is tit doli tit 0 o lit tl I 1 tt its ax UK tile 11 jokl ID id billil and ol islA IS nf ar Uli mils N loiis ur or hlila hl ils ui i k tod of stand ing lione dose on if leidie li idie 1 Is 14 4 u 1 lit ich alt IH jomini equate foot of floal tre lle lite nf like depends killon tilt lind of cuili lu ili iciel ill in ill dl 1114 of lle lit in tided and ami its Hs find also ni e laria the haltin ot of file lie brid fur for a lonac il m ahon i koi landing Attl ng ik pounds ler lita it t I 1 low 1 lin d I 1 oli elrich illch abi K im hes mide ide obud dequire to ili it oboist ter highes apart tu to tarra the loud load ancl iello bilile it plank of the strike ainie adli to inches would mould othi itil nr or O r three feet and a eliric inch plunk mould i anut aln ill iiii 1 l fout pet feet apart rill e bigia P 4 if me P I 1 li t d 1 epou tile hip tl tnt lit it lahn plin idill bouklas nr fir 1 01 I it boil if mik would be if uil ti I ill vi wall hit e I line ine lionil ak w irm ni binl nl I 1 hen I 1 11 0 r 1 about eara euclit linhrt leI f fir r P a one I 1 fit Is bourd board iio vu and ont oni linof ito tnt I 1 fit fi ilk two amo inh elk slid and non aliree fk fiot t for it three tilt ich it plink the follow itic wile alve q flit if I 1 i i iwate of it pis I 1 e I 1 1 I ft tle tile differ tut patia r c E i ii 1 Z A t 3 h 1 4 ul w s v S atile a 11 t ile at e 5 f S S ax n u S i il 4 T 11 3 ax 1 a n R x it 1 11 8 x ii 01 II 11 is il III i 1 ax a x i 4 x 8 1 rt it 1 6 5 a 8 XA 4 it ax 4 X 8 A 4 K I 1 lt I 1 8 x att 8 4 Is 13 4 it I ja III 11 r 7 a I 1 an 1 exit 4 11 1 ax 4 x 1 11 N 1 I 1 a 8 14 1 a 4 J 4 xi 1 1 czi I 1 I 1 in the above aboe table flounda igind I 1 tl I 1 ibri or logo IOK wa iu te if fur tin the P ariti kr gers in cave ane tile the or of tho aronld abound lit b silious one and one times the life largent denien lon of the stringer ws ni glien rig ilg 2 ama lueth by which the L etaw or oc ti luKer euay be and DI the for or responding loads flint avill te IP arrid safely that Is in the ample bebin 12 lulb by 12 inched square aud and 1 2 14 4 ft art frt pi I 1 points of will safely fly a load of one find oue hair balf tons at t its ita center while it if taw be same bem beam be made into a xing kins I 1 ot 17 by underneath lite I 1 t if fit a oue one inah otel rod AVII avigil Il in fit 11 aide fast fait at either end t iid of the ibe liina if flin mil lilt in III berting a single looft icci i cli tin the trust lit t the be antel of ill ali beam abeltin then lien n li I 1 leam mill curry carry about amo vo mid md thiet thief quarter barter uart er lrus as ail burh of 01 it loud of mid thre quarter ii arter loin i abeli NN while title it if tile hanie hame I 1 ell III tie be I 1 1 lit into a ting mug bettin lisp HIP loid load lintol at tin lit ian mm thin I 1 0 in fit leased I 1 in nine tons UK ithe lit binl st tit ull it allx will sm filer I 1 I 1 I 1 lox rie me built of ic ipri il ill kt 14 1 greald than hunt fr fir sti oden 01 1 I lilt pl e fit flip first lit 0 fit C I 1 ut lit if lipil c liouta f I 1 IK it no flit fin ali r fil foi elwir llin ill in all l st mt Is in till illet 1111 1 oil hlll 1111 1 v itald nadi nn lilt ift mil illel floell tte ile out 11 st t tt t bod dood ol lIstIng of ili 41 d liu of ii kaiml maid nid iril lind lenient and fill m nit I 1 mt I 1 liin lil 41 rot fui t tit n lite akl till ioda in lip flip ron on crote rete nip itte iid fi ati i sr till IH 4 OM i 1 11 i iu flie 1 lie InIx Ill of f in 4 tillo il ind lim 1 lii ing it in fit UK flit anun lite i afi bixl ani tic ife ni aati 11 ll suo tile ne 11 nid loit but rif n A ea lilt it 44 s sl lull allot ile bo 13 1 our one it I 1 0 li Is afir still file lie if bic of on sit KI tharp nip ni binte ai KOlK gelie Hll lill of f 1011 oil tiet tieta alli lil li nn life knon i ill alii tc nix bin tille 1110 1 lioi me file rot foi tile tie alil at atles up ills I 1 to 3 ill ann nil ill ol jiing rom reet feet I 1 li six ret wide file por alpi it iliof leois e I 1 klimt I 1 UK lie ill hi i ia left 0 A har tit rt it Is 18 flit 11 1 l bidd it 11 protest tiie lio 01 if limi be substituted for it 11 1 I lit ina looi aldi vi vitilla tills aie or of if acte alli or illi itliong timit nit luibil tit it enrin j wei it hii 1 I li if it die lie in of LOI lockitt KItt used for tit tin flow si aldi it alls 4 tin i lis liall 1 1 6 r that in oil OIK i nil lilt in A nit asmo of lind embt I 1 if rei mits I 1 in likit itri of band jiin fit it Is fouls biln bv b lilt u MI 1 f ol of slone stolle ot 01 I 1 hotl liv I 1 I 1 I 1 or of 81 nii ills i abo tell of 01 ill i ilu it r covet copi acid t tj it d malli III ete liciag 4 tre e 1 Is hi kimom lolli ris ns tile lie r amit I 1 I 1 iain timi fr an lu in in KM astin in I 1 to till ill IP 11 lilt ati I 1 I 1 ll 11 if IK paled lid fill I 1 I 1 kirn I 1 tit to i I 1 kli is ilni till I 1 I 1 alio lit illi it towe bioni loin ill i efti alti aidnik upon lie lend i I 1 tin bilili Is ey petted to t till in i 1 if lif tit litant mt I 1 v I 1 pi or oron it flit 1 tf tuil ul it its 3 for ai ann loin ili tin att up io 0 o fit fatt is tile sti att tl I 1 bon in in ill poll HM 1 in ilk i oli oarn cill I 1 14 shown in ill 1 I 19 ii 1 it all it alln 11 oll t e flow Js Is to 11 mm till hi flit I 1 id 1 tile s ip 11 in flow oin I 1 I 1 I 1 mi kill I 1 o 1 in I other All tile hie stell steil 1 the hie loald fit in ill one to the oth 01 it often haipt tit tint it tho ill ul i tits I 1 lire aro 1 built on it it and wl binl 1111 t hit 1 lit 11 1 it ill ili i s hillh at cil causing lillig UK Is chilt mould li it allo difidi l 1 ous alls irk in emili of ulvert ul veit bt it I 1 1 I tit lie rf of fihs ihs atti I 1 I 1 I 1 1 I ill t ab 10 lo midi ain iii lust wen flond it it ll it lilt alio hast app to tn build 1 griir 1 I braun ells lit lix ill in f timit lc to lo platt floell ih in I 1 all sl lill I 1 rl of iiron ilo not I 1 dil till ill iud 1 I 1 it il lie iw it illis 1 4 ill lodl I 1 i tiit ns om inal roi foi link ino or of pi ili ll ili 11 hl 1 01 dt ills in kand till it to UK IN 1114 imell 1 IV 11 of 11 mil ill bilins A it Is 14 ill d to I 1 ill I 1 ill 1 4 11 llllian 1111 hildas ds gilld t k nl ill pit 1 lit it I 1 N illi tin ill alf if roain Iti litI 1 titta of agli le no artil ain in I 1 i i d i id lint 14 d hot h I 1 r I 1 n N I 1 11 nt I 1 will 1111 ir IK and I 1 I 1 hick ill 11 ll it II oll 1111 III 11 11 II 0 0 4 3 A at I 1 al 11 4 40 K nr nl POST abs betm J 10 t cri cr S tern 24 d K sia NS tk ja or eem 5 16 1031 f cr cairer 9 ans na it 11 i KI 1 i 1 t k i i irl fc aa r 1014 1011 W 1 1 11 1111 1 1 biam it if mr ir liili tn i i it tit jilt gitlit ailt little in li bilkis flit it to 10 our I 1 Inn ra i I 1 ilin I 1 I 1 ii I 1 nl ill I 1 II 11 I 1 it and iiii ii tina I 1 i e ep x lit 4 to 1 lilt lif boitt of it 1 Is 14 4 adim ani idill id tilt lie lin i rutth sned ml i lils nt d I 1 in I 1 till itt it 1 is t of if moll aik oik lo in fi nu lilt hit li lit lit t I in tion i f 1104 ills problem atrid t f biti oiti ni sn ilk Is flip it ii 11 tn ill tilt in tit ii alim i ellid id lit ills aln i ln lioi ild in till nil 1 e mind |