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Show UTAH STATESMAN Modem Industrial Machinery Opens Hoad to the Ending of All Poverty Women Voter Will Use Radio in School Work. Bjr DEAN DEXTER S. KIMBALL, Cornell University. the FOB fint time aince the world began we are in touch with the of poverty through the tremendoua output of our prod Begardleas of what other factors may have contributed to the stabilization of this prosperity, a large amount of credit was unquestionably due to the rank and file of American management, for competition has been increasingly keen and the margin of profit consequently declining. Today we have silk competing with rayon, leather with artificial leather, copper with aluminum, etc, and, furthermore, manufacturers are taking over distributing functions, thereby competing with jobbers, and some retail stores are doing manufacturing. The equilibrium between supply and demand can therefore be maintained under conditions of an increasing production if all savings are invested in permanent capital goods. Since primary forces are increasing the purchasing power of the masses, the maintenance of this fundamental situation is more important than to overpersuade in the matter of buying. If unemployment can be kept down and wages kept up, there will be a constancy of purchase power. Increasing Lack of Business Opportunity for the College Graduate Game In the Black Hllla. bv tha national Oaoraphla Bucietjr. Washington. D. C.) (Praps There is evidence of a lack of opportunity for college graduates at the present time. If the situation continues three things are likely to happen : First, that only superior graduates will have a cliance for desirable positions; second, the college will become increasingly restrictive as regards enrollment; third, the college will be frank to say that it can guarantee nothing, but it will attempt to survey the various fields to find wherein opportunities lie for its graduates and vocational guidance will be emphasized more than it is at present. If we could have students who come for the pure love of learning, unmoved by the thought of any bread and butter return, we would not need to worry about this new problem. But as long as our colleges draw their students largely from families of very moderate means it seems to me that the college has a vocational responsibility at least it should inform the students concerning this important vocational system. The opportunities for college men and women have decreased only in the last ten years. It has always been customary to regard college men and women as the hope of the future, and the belief was common thal any boy who went to college could become nothing less then a senator or financier whose word controlled the policies of some enormous business enterprise. In fact, ten years ago the world was all before us; where to choose was our pleasant privilege. At present, however, there is evidence cf a relative lac-- of opportunity for college graduates Splendid Progress Made by Science in the Prolongation of Human Life . By DR. FRANK BILLINGS, Rush Medical Colleffe. In the last fifty years, through the application of known rational means of prevention of disease and especially the modification of mortality of infants, the average duration of human life has been increased from approximately 35 years to 57 or 58 years ; or about 22 years. Motherhood has been relieved of its chief terror. Now the danger of septicemia during childbirth is minimized so considerably that when it occurs at all it is traceable either to acrident or ignorance. Modern or aseptic surgery has permitted the development of great technical skill by surgeons and by experiment and experience has made it possible to invade all parts of the human or animal body with much less risk to health and life than ever before. This has led to the saving of thousands of lives and has given ns better knowledge of living disease through a study of living morbid anatomy visible during a surgical operation. Formerly a surgeon could examine only a dead body. r- - ALL but name, the Black Hllla of South Dakota are more than hills. They rise higher than either the Appalachian or the Ozark mountains,- and Harney peak, their loftiest mass. Is the highest point between the Rockies and the Atlantic ocean. They form a veritable Island of mountains In the Great Plains, and the natural attractiveness of their heavily wooded peaks and ridges and their valleys la made doubly contrast of the surb the appealing rounding country. Touching the hllla on the southeast la one of the most desolate yet Interesting areas in America, the Big Bad Lands of southwestern Sonth Dakota, where, through thousands of years, rains have carved the light clays and anils Into fluted columns and cones, and a thousand Jugged buttresses, sther fantastic forma. The Black llilla are not a part of . the Rockies, but they may be looked upon geolnglcully as dwarf brothers to those giant mountains, showing the family characteristics on a smaller scale. Both probably were formed about the same time. Data assembled by geologists show that millions of yeara ago. during the Mesozoic age, a vast sea washed over the entire central portion of the continent, covering the site of the Black IIllls. It waa at tills time that the softer rocks of the region were formed as sediments. When at the end of the Mesozoic, the great flow of melted granite welled up from below to raise the Rockies, It found a weak sjiot at the site of the Black Hills and rose there, too, poking the surface limestones and other rocks pushes up the up as a rising tent-pol- e canvas. The rooking process which the surface rocks underwent at that time had much to do with making the Black Hills one of the richest mineral regions In the country. In the ages since these mountains rose, the softer stones have been weathered away In nany places, exposing the hard granite, as at Harney peak. Around the base of this peak stand grent spires, remnnnts of the softer rock, which constitute The Needles, one of the most striking bits of scenery In the region. Hunting Grounds of Indians. The Black Hills derived their name from the apiiearanre of the dense pine forests when viewed from a distance. They played a peculiar and Interesting part In the frontier life of America. Before the coming of the white man these wooded uplands were one of the favorite hunting grounds of the Indians of the surrounding plains. They were unsettled by whites long after emigrants had established themselves In t'nllfornla, Texas. Colorado, Utah, and other terrltorlez farther West. This was because all of western South Dakota was reserved for the Sioux Indians. What Indian tribe possessed this rhoice hunting ground of the West before the white nmn came to American Is unknown; but since the opening of the West several distinct tribes hove occupied the region, each In turn forced out by s stronger group. In all cases these newcomers have appeared from the East and almost without exhave ception the older residents moved fnrther West. The Crow Indians are believed to have been In possession of the Black Hills near the heglnning of the Eighteenth rentury. Enter the Poncas entered the eastern portion of the highlands, but. finding them occupied, turned hark enstwnru. The Cheyennes were the rest successful Invaders from the East, and were In possession of the territory when Lewis 'and Hark passed In 1AM. Next rnme the Sioux, the Inst of the red men to hold this desirable region before the advent of the whites. The first written" history of the country Is i pictorial chronicle of the Sioux on prepared skins. It records that the famous chief, Standing Bull, led a party of wnrrlors to Hie hills about the time of the American Declaration of Independence, and took back to his plnlns home a little pine trie, a type of tree never seen before by his luiini'dlnte tribe. It was wbl- l- the Black Hills were IN - well-watere- d blue-hlHc- National Policies Prove Inadequate to Meet Needs of American Agriculture 4 By GEN. JOHN J. PERSHING. It is obvious even to the casual observer that something is wrong in the adjustment of industry to the complex conditions of the present day. We are forced to the inevitable conclusion that our national policies have not been at all adequate to meet the needs of Anu-ricaagriculture, especially in this postwar period. Unless some way through national effort is found for raising the level of prices on our basic products sufficiently to meet production costs and give a margin of profit that will enable the actual producers to hold their land and provide for its constant improvement, then the small farmer is doomed. During the war we insisted that the American farmers should expand their elTorts to the utmost to feed our armies in the field and the armies and civilian populations of the allies as well. With the ware end, we failed to consider that there was a certain responsibility upon us as a nation to aid the farmer to escape from the disastrous after effects of excessive production and competition. Powers of Indebtedness to America, Under Conditions Release Allied By UNITED STATES SENATOR COrELAND, New York. We will never collect the money wbich the nations of Europe owe us. will have to cancel the debt whether we want to or not Why not do it now, and by doing so reston the prewar status of Europe, and through free commercial interchange regain what we may lose through the cam ciIVe tation ? I would have a commercial conference of representatives of the United States with those of England, France, Itnly, the other allied powers and Germany. I would bring about some adjustment by which I would release the allied powers of their indebtedness to America providing they release Germany of her reparations and agree together np'n a program of disarmament and cancel preparations for future wars k under the ontrol of the Sioux that the contacts of white men with the more numerous. country became g These were fleeting at first posta were established not far from the hills In the early Nineteenth century, but only occasionally did any of the traders at these stations gain The glimpses of the bill country. United States government forbade Immigrants to go Into either the plains country or the bills so long as these territories were recognized as belonging to the Indiana Explored by Army Men. Probably the first whites to see the Black mils were two Frenchmen, h Yercndrye and his brother, Francis Verendrye, who wandered west with a party of Indians In 1743. They entered the hills and claimed them for the king of France. Tha era of military exploration of the MU country was opened by Gen. W. ft. Harney, for whom the highest of the region's peaks Is named. He skirted the southern end of the highlands In 1855. The first real exploration, however, was carried out by officers of the United States army In 1857 and ISM). After these expeditions rumors of the existence of gold In the Black Hllla spread throughout the nation, and a horde of wnuld-hprospectors Insisted that they be permitted to seek their fortunes In the new El Dorado. In 1874 the secretary of war sent an expedition to the region and Its mineralogists discovered gold. When this became known, prospectors entered. In spite of the best efforts of the United States army. After s year or two of unsuccessful attempts to eject these white Interlopers, the federal government found It necessary to purchase the hills from the Indiana. Altogether more than $40,000,000 has been spent by the federal government on behalf of the Sioux as a result of of the Black their relinquishment Fur-tradin- Louls-Josep- e Hills. The region was thrown open by President Grant In 1870. Just 51 years ago. a frontier life of the most turbulent sort developed In the mining camps that sprang up, and Den rl wood, the leading camp, became the Inspiration for the American dime novel." which came Into being ahnnt that time. Quiet Mining Region. All Is changed now. Mining has been placed on a corporation and mnehlne basis, and the once hectic mining camps have become quiet prosperoui little cities. The Homestnke mine at Lead la one of the largest In the world and has taken nut gold rained at more than two hundred million dollars. Despite the Industrialization of gold mining, there still dwell In the heart of the hllle survivors of more primitive days. Still under the spell of the yellow metal they fare forth dally from their tiny log cabins In endless search. The Black Hills are Custer country as truly as Is the Little Horn valley, 200 miles flirt her west, where General Custer lost his life st the hands of the Sioux and their allies. It was governCuster who led the oflk-ln- l ment expedition to explore the Black Hills In 1874. In hla honor the town of Custer, the first white settlement there, was named. The state park, which has recently served as a Presidential vacation ground, also boars the name of Custer. The great Indian under Sitting Bull, uprising of 1873-7(1- . which led to the Custer massacre, from trouble between the whites and Indians over (he opening of the Fight Purely Murder Nicaragua Schools of polltira and Information services for voters have been conducted In various parts of New York state with auch successful results that a movement has been started to expand the scope of the work by giving Instruction by radio. Many of these schools have been conducted by partisan organizations, notably that recently held by the Westchester County Woman's Republican club at White Plains, but the radio school will provide a service under the auspices of the League of Women Voters. Mrs. Henry U. Leach, state chairman of the league, in announcing the radio school, which Is to he known as the voters' service, stated that it would not promote anything or anyone, but Its one object Is to make current questions of a political nature more Intelligible to the voter who has little time to give to Independent study." The possibilities of the radio for political education are just beginning to be realized, she said, and thanks of the to the generous National Broadcasting company, the League of Wemon Voters Is able to put on this first study In which many prominent men and women will ge before the microphone. The first program will go on the air on January 3 and from 7 to 1 p. m and on every following Tuesday from 7 to 7:30 p. m. . ever-increasi- ng By PROF. WILLIAM ALLEN HUGGARD, DePauw University. 7ather Protests of ST. LOUIS. John 8. Hemphill Ferguson, Mo., a suburb, whose son. Sergeant John F. Hemphill, waa killed last Saturday In action between United States marines amt the troops of General Sandlno, Nicaragua rebel, made public an open letter to rPesi-den- t Coolldge, protesting against what he termed the disgrace ful war" In Nicaragua What we are doing la no less than murder for the sole purpose of keeping In power a puppet president and acting aa a collector for Wall street, Hemphill writes. My son survived honorable service through the world war against Germany only to be officially murdered in a disgraceful war against this little nation." PUBLIC INTERE8T REVIVED. On the first program the speakers will be presented by Melvin II. Ayles-wortof the National president Broadcasting company and Mias Belle Sherwin, national president of the League or Women Voters. Other speakers will be Theodore E. Burton (K), representative In congress from Ohio, and Dean Virginia Glldersleeve of Barnard college. Prominent mem. bers of bath major political parties will speak at subsequent radio castings of the service. The White Plains School of Politics. which was conducted recently, resulted In a renewed interest In Republican politics, according to Mrs. T. Canning Moore, president of the Westchester County Womens Republican club. The speeches were arranged on the general topic of our party, its work, our constitution and Republican national achievements," she said. Time was allowed after each speech for questions and discussions. There were more than 60 women present each day session and between of the two-datimes there was ample time for Informal discussion and talks on political matters. CLUB MEMBERSHIP INCREASES. Immediate results are Indicated in more than a score of new club members. The srhool was planned to reach a group of women now to politics and the results have been most gratifying. A distinct note of patriotism. as connected with and applied to politics. Is being sounded this year which the club members feel will be echoed in an Increased Interest In our government and a new sense of responsibility to our vote. In England, capital and labor, masters and men. have given an example of what President Coolldge called the Christmas state of mind." They have decided to make an earnest and vigorous attempt to rherisb peace and good will by means of a conference to be held In the early part of next year, a conference which will discuss how these two essential partners may to Improve British trade. At this conference, the wageearn-erwill consider how they ran increase production, 1. e. turn out more work In a given time, and in rat urn the employers will ronsider such problems as fair and adequate wages, security of employment, and the possibility of the wage earners enjoying a share In the management of Industry. Perhaps no recent news is so interesting to the whole world as this decision of capital and labor to join In substituting a program of industrial peace for a policy of class atrire. Labor and rapital have been hostile In Great Britain for about twenty-fiv- e years, but they at last show a desire to come together for mutual benefit. a Ell NOTICES PROBATE AND GUARDIAN. SHIP NOTICES For Further Information Consult the County Clerk or Respective Signers la the Third Judicial District Court, in and for the County ef Salt take, State of Utah. STATE 32 YEARS OLD NOTICE TO CREDITORS Wednesday. January 4. was the birthday of the state of Utah. On January 4, 1896, Utah was admitted to the Union by the official proclamation of President Grover Cleveland. On January 6, 1896, the state government was inaugurated. Estate of John W. Stewart, Deceased. Creditors will present claims with vouchers to the undersigned at 1203 Wulker Bank Bid., Salt Lake City , Utah, on or before the 10th day of but that's better than having the limousine idea on a horse-anbuggy in- A. D 1928. March. A. I). 1928. WALKER BROTHERS BANKERS. Administrator of the Estate An American automobile experts of John W. Stewart, Decease d. Rays that Europe's progress Is being FISHER HARRIS, retarded because the people are satisAttorney for Administrator. fied with the "horse-an- d buggy Idea. Date of first publication January 7, come. Last, January 28, 1928. NOTICE TO CREDITORS The millennium will be here soon after nations become as horrified by Estate of Mary A. Lyle Schmitt, Detheir own sins as they are by the othceased. er fellow's. Creditors will present claims with vouchers to the undersigned at Suite OLDEST KINGDOM McCornlck Bldg., Salt Lake Utah, on or before the 8th day of City, The kingdom of Denmark Is the old- March A. D. 1928. est kingdom In Europe; for more than WILBER SWETNAM, 1000 years It has been prospering. Executor of Last Will and Testament of Mary A. Lylo ANSWERED Schmitt, Deceased. W. H. WILKINS. The political aspirant made a last Attorney for Executor. Date of first publication January 7, attempt to arouse enthusiasm in his small audience. A. I) 1928. we need Gentlemen." he said Last. January 28, 1928. something to carry this precinct by the NOTICE TO CREDITORS biggest majority ever known. What la it? And the reply came: "A different Estate of George Rowe, Deccan d. candidate!" Creditors will present claims with vouchers to the undersigned at WalkAmong the succulent roughages pas- er Brothers Bankers, on or before the ture and silage are of most Import- 3rd day or Marrh. A D. 1928. ance. Dairy cows always do better in WALKER BROTHERS BANKERS. early usmmer when the grass Is plenAdministrator of the Estate tiful and green. Because of the nutriof George Rowe, Deceased. ments and succulenre that it provides, JAMES DEVINE. silage Is the most ecenomiral winter Attorney for Administrator. substitute for pasture grass. Good Date of first publication ! rrnb' r rows will produce more and therefore 31st, A. I). 1927. cheaper milk if given silage or some Last, January 21. 1928. other succulent feed during the winter. NOTICE OF ASSESSMENT NO. 11. 308-30- A studi-nof home economics has SHAMROCK MINES calculated that dtshwiptng in an aver- of principal place of business-lorn, :(! e, 433 age family is equivalent to wiping as Nevada; Salt take City t CO.-Loc- ation : field. Propmuch simee as a three-acrer scalding and a good dish drainer saves this useless work anil allows an average of 20 minutes a day of leisure for the housewife who follows the Caster Stntc park, one of our 520 easier method splendid state park areas throughout If the dairy herd is culled intellithe nation, la almost entlrelj sur rounded by these reservations. The gently on the ImirIs of Individual cow are fed acpark extends from near the south- records, if the remainder and If known to production, cording westeastern edge of the Black Hills alare sires pun-breused, good only ward about eight miles toward the most any dairy herd, regardless of its town of Custer and northwestward to condition at the start, will eventually Include llnrncy penk and Sylvan lake. be raised to a plane of good producThe pe.ik has an altfinde of 7.242 tion. Successful dairying depends on feet. Sylvan lake covers 40 acres and many factors. Among these, culling Ilea at an altitude of approximately a is one of the most Important. mile and a quarter. For the past two season of trnn hotel Game Lodge, the state-owneIn which President Coolldge sient hla ping, the fur catch in this country declined at an alarming rate. The vaeullnn, Is situated a few tulles from has 1925 26 catch was 20 per cent less In vala the eastern edge of ihi pa:k. than in the previous year and In the ley among the lower hills. Its nltltoda l!Ot 27 tin ilecliin- was i vi-la approxlmutely 4.000 feet. r. Jlills. A large part of the Black Hills Is covered by two adjacent national for cats, Harney and Blark llilla forests. Black A Happy New Year to England. e d - Ness building. Notice la hereby given that at a meeting of the boa id of directors held December 6, 1927, an assessment of one-hal(lie) cent per share of slock was levied on all the outstanding capital stock of the corporation payable on or before February 11. 1928, to A. F. Jndd, treasurer, at room 433 Ness building. Salt take City, Utah. Any stock upon which this assessment may remain unpaid on the said 11th day of February. 1928, will tie delinquent and advertised for sale at public auction and, unless payment Is made before, will he sold on the 8th day of March, 1928, at the hour of 1 o'clock p. m. of that duy, by John V. Bluth. secretary of the company, at 433 Ness building. Salt take City, Utah, to pay the delinquent assessment together with the costs of advertising and expense of sale. SHAMROCK MINES CO., JOHN V. BLUTH, Sec'y. (Jan. 7 Feb. 4 ) f |