Show of th the 1931 Compiled eel by E. E EW W. W Pickard INTERNATIONAL Jan Tan 8 Pope S-Pope Pope Plus XI 1 Issued an encyclical condemning divorce birth control and many mony phases phase o of modern life c. c Jan 23 League 23 Lague 23 League of or Nations council coun coun- oil cil el decided to convene world disarmament disarmament disarm disarm- ament mont conference Feb 2 1932 Jan 26 26 Austria and ond Hungary Hungar treaty of or amity and lion tion ton March 1 France 1 Fronce 1 France and Italy Ialy reached an n a accord on naval noval strength strenGth March 27 21 International 27 International wheat conference opened In Rome Home April Apri 27 New 27 New commercial accord ned by Italy and Russia Russia all extraterritoriality extraterritoriality extra extra- May nay 4 4 China 4 China abrogated al territoriality treaties effective Jan 1 I 1932 May Moy 16 Commission 16 OD posed European union met In a and ond Austro Austro customs union unton was wa debated Juno 13 World 13 World 1 bankers at nt Basel Dasel extended credit to Germa Ger Ger- ma many June 20 20 PresIdent President Hoover Hoover proposed proposed proposed pro pro- posed one year suspension of or German German Ger Ger- man nUl reparations and payments on war debts debts June 23 Rotary 23 23 Rotary International met metIn metIn metIn In Vienna and d elected S. S W. W Pascall Pacal of London president president Juno 24 France 24 France made counter counterproposal counterproposal counterproposal proposal for war debt moratorium Great Greot Britain and Italy Ialy accept Hoovers Hoover's Hoovers Hoover's Hoovers Hoo Hoo- vers ver's vers plan July C France G-France France and and United States ag agreed ed on moratorium plan and It became effective as o of date of or Jul July 1 July 7 BrItish 7 7 British government called caled conference to work out details of ot moratorium July 20 International 20 20 conference on German crisis opened In London London Jul July 23 London 23 London conference adJourned adjourned adjourned ad ad- after adopting recommendations recommend a- a lions that short term credits to Germany Germany Germany Ger Ger- many bo ho renewed Aug AuG 11 Protocol 11 Protocol l-Protocol Protocol co co moratorium plan pla with Young YounG plan signed by International experts In London Aug 27 27 American American and French bankers arranged for loan to Great Britain and Austria Sept 3 Germany 3 ermany 3 formally abandoned the prep proposed os cd customs union Sept Sept G World 6 World court ruled Austro- Austro German customs union was Illegal Sept 7 League 7 7 League of or Nations assembly assembly assembly assem assem- bly met In Geneva Genova Geneva electing decline Nikolas of or Rumania president president Sept 8 8 Mexico Mexico accepted bid to join League of Nations Sept 12 German 12 erman 12 German Foreign Minister Minister Minister Minis Minis- ter Curtus told League o of or Nations Germany must have havo new deal In reparations and parity In armaments Great Gret Britain and Egypt signed new trade treat treaty that forced out Russia Sept 14 Panama H-Panama Panama and China Chinn given seats eats in League Legue of ot Nations council counci Sept 19 19 Japanese Japanese troops shelled And occupied Mukden Manchuria Sept Sept 20 Japan 20 Japan occupied all al cities In southern Manchuria China sent note demanding Japanese cense cease hostilities hostilities hos hos- and nd withdraw troops to previous previous pre pre- rIous positions tons Oct 6 Fourth 5 Fourth Pan-American Pan commercial com corn mercial mercia congress opened In Wash Wash- ington Oct Oct 8 Japanese 8 army planes bombed temporary capital of Manchuria killing many soldiers and civilians Oct Oct 10 China 10 China served sered ultimatum on Japan demanding immediate evacuation of or Manchuria Manchuria Oct 11 Secretary 11 l Secretary of State eon lon called caled on League of or Nations to avert war between China and Ja pan an Oct Oc 16 League 15 League of Nations counci council coun coun- cil ci Invited United States to participate participate pate In discussion or of Sino Japanese Japan opposing Oct Oct 24 League 24 of Nations council coun coun- cil en demanded that Japan evacuate Chinese territory by November IG 16 and adjourned to that date Janan and rejected d the demand domand Nov 4 League 4 League of or Nations again told Japan to withdraw troops from Manchuria Nov 6 three Japanese 6 G won day battle with Chinese under Gen Ma Mn M at river bridge Nov 8 8 thousand armed civilians rioted in Fifteenth United States Infantry called caled out together with wih French and Italian Iolan troops Nov 12 Germany 12 Germany asked a moratorium moratorium mora mora- on reparations Nov 16 League 16 16 League of or Nations counci council coun coun- cil ci mot met in Paris to consider the Sino Japanese Ambassador dor Dawes present as a American ob ob- ob server One Ono year oar armament truce declared In effect by League secretariat Nov 18 18 Japanese 18 routed General Generl Ma sihar b. b and captured and Nov 20 20 Truce In Manchuria planned planed by League Lage of or Nations council coun coun- el cil rejected by Japan Germany proposed now new conference on reparations and debts debt churla churia Nov began 23 Japanese 22 Japanese advance army southward In Manchuria Man Man- on- on on Nov 26 26 Chinese and Japanese sin Bin troops began fierce fighting In Tient Tient- Dec 1 Japanese 1 I stopped advance on General Ma 13 defeated Japanese troops near Dec 6 6 Japanese 6 In Manchuria began be- be tan gan war on bandits on three fronts Dec Dee 7 International 7 7 bankers committee to Investigate Germanys Germany's ability to resume reparations pay pay- pay pay- ments next summer met In Basel Basol Dec Dee 10 Japan 10 Japan and China China ac accepted accepted IC- IC ac- ac with reservations the wih League Leagus of Nations resolution for tor cessation of ot hostilities in Manchuria Manchuria and a a. commission of ot Inquiry a Dec Dee 20 chinese 20 Chinese army ary began bogan drive to t Mukden from Japanese FOREIGN Jan 2 Government 2 of Panama overthrown by revolutionists and President Arosemena captured RIcardo nicardo Rl- Rl cardo cardo Alfaro Alar minister to tho United States accepted offer of the preal- preal dency Jan 4 4 Dr Daniel Salamanca elected president of or Bolivia Jan 19 Round 19 Round table conference on India closed In London Jan Jan 22 22 French French cabinet headed beaded by Steeg SteeG resigned resigned Jan Pierre 26 Pierre Laval formed new ministry for tor France Feb 7 King 7 7 King of Spain SpaIn restored constitutional rights rIght and called an election electon an Feb 9 Earl 9 Earl of leb ap Ip- Ip pointed governor general of Canada Feb l 14 Berenguer 14 Berenguer cabinet of Spain resigned and icing cancelled call cl for parliamentary Feb Pehr 16 d elected I president of Finland Feb 18 New 18 N Spanish h government I formed by Admiral fored Juan Aznar monarchist Feb 20 Attempt 20 to to assassinate King Zog of Albania Albania In Vienna Tailed failed Peruvian counter revolution sup sun pres pressed ed with wih bloodshed at Calls o but Calao continued at Arequipa March 1 1 Navy Navy Junta In Peru forced Provisional President Cerro to resign and put Jut Chief Justice RIcardo RI Rl- cardo cardo EI Elms Ellas at head of or government Dr Gabriel Terra Inaugurated government as aa president of or Uruguay and Arturo Araujo lujo at president of or Salvador March 5 Army 5 Amy C-Amy Army Junta junta In Peru ousted Elias Ellas Elas March 10 10 Col Col David Ocampo p-o p p became provisional president of Peru eu March 20 IndIa 9 India Nationalists de demanded do- do complete Independence from Britain at nt convention and named Gandhi as ns envoy to parley April 4 4 Mutinous 4 troops seized Madeira a Island Portugal Portugal rushed warships to crush rebellion April 12 KIng 12 12 King Alfonsos Alfonso's enemies triumphed as Spain voted Republicans Republicans routed monarchists mon in municipal municipal pal val elections April Apri 14 ICing H King Alfonso Alonso abdicated and sailed Bled for tor exile exie republic set up hea headed ed by Alcala Alcain Zamora April 19 19 CIvil 19 Civil war broke out In Honduras Apri loyal loyol troops defeating rebels In three battles batles April 20 Honduras 20 Honduras Insurgents captured and looted Progreso April 23 23 rebel forces routed b by fe federal eral troops May May 2 Rebels 2 Rebels in Madeira Island lan surrendered to Portuguese forces May Ma 13 13 13 liriand defeated for presidency of or France Paul Doumer Dou- Dou mor mer elected May 22 Spanish 22 Spanish republic decreed absolute freedom for all oU religions May 30 30 Premier Premier Mussolini ordered ordered ordered or or- dered dissolution of or all aU Catholic ac action ac- ac n- n nUon Lion tion youth organizations in Italy Ialy Pope Plus Pius responded by placing the Catholic Action Acton In control o of the bishops r Juno June 1 republic abolished l Spanish 1 1 all titles of ot nobility Egyptian elections held with wit army mobilized won by the te government government government gov gov- party June S Great Greal Great Britain awarded ownership of ot Jerusalem walling wailing waln wall wal to t Moslems with wih free tree access for tor Jews at all aie times Juno June 13 Paul 13 Paul Doumer Inaugurated od ed president of ot France Juan B. B Perez Peru resigned presidency presidency dency of or Venezuela on demand of or congress June Juno 15 15 Cardinal 15 Cardinal expelled from Crom Spain June 16 Government 16 of ot Austria resigned June 19 uan 19 Juan 19 Juan Vicente Gomez Gome elected president of or Venezuela Venezuela June 20 Pope 20 Pope Pius Plus denounced the theT T tat v r Tl f nf n Iv v I D Doctor t rB Buresch formed d- d new w government soy gov for Austria Austria Juno June 28 Spanish 28 Spanish elections won coalition by Republican coalton Alexander Aexander Malinov became premier premier pre pro mier of or Bulgaria July 9 Mussolini 9 9 barred all nl Fascists Fascists Fas Paz from Joining Catholic Action Acton July 11 Financial 11 l Financial crisis In Germany Germany Germany Ger Ger- many due duo to failure to get huge loan for tor July 24 24 Serious Serious riots rIot In Chile Chie July 26 arlos 26 CarIes 26 Carlos Ibanez president president- dictator of or Chile Chie resigned and lied fled ted Princess henna Ioana of or Rumania and Archduke Anton of or Austria were married at July 27 uan 21 Juan 27 Juan Esteben Montero Montoro became acting president of Chile Chie July 31 31 31 Gen Chiang shek Kal-shek announced complete defeat of or communists communists com corn in province of ot China China Aug 9 9 failed to overthrow overthrow overthrow over over- throw Prussian government government and radicals radical staged fatal faal riots State of or war declared in Havana ann Ia as revolutionary movement broke out out Aug 14 uban 1 Cuban 14 Cuban army captured Gen Mario larlo Menocal and other revolutionary revolutionary revo revo- leaders Aug 17 17 President President Machado an announced announced announced an- an the Cuban revolt was sup sup- pressed Aug 19 19 Count 19 Count Bethlen resigned as premier of or Hungary and was succeeded succeeded succeeded suc suc- by Count Karolyi KarolI Aug 24 British 24 24 British labor cabinet re resigned resigned resigned re- re signed and ond Premier Ramsay MacDonald MacDonald Mac Mac- Moc- Moc Donald was asked aked to form a coalition coalition coalton coal coal- tion ton ministry to balance the budget Isidro Ayora Ayoma AyoT president of Ecuador Ecuador Ecu Ecu- dor resigned Aug 25 British 25 British national government govern govern- ment formed with MacDonald as prime primo minister Sept Sept 1 l- l Mutiny 1 Mutiny In Chilean navy threatened government Sept 2 Italy 2 Italy and the pope popo societies reached an n accord In Catholic Action Acton Chilean cabinet resigned King Alexander er restored constitutional constitutional government In Jugo Jugo Sept 6 Chilean government planes bombed warships held hold by mutineers I dered Sept 7 7 Chilean 7 mutineer Sept 8 British 8 8 British parliament parlament met and ind national government won vote voto of confidence Sept 10 House 10 House of or Commons ac accepted accepted nc- nc Snowden's budget increasing Ing ng taxes and ond cutting the tho dole and anday pay ay of government employees Sept 14 Round H-Round Round table conference Gandhi on India present opened In London with Sept Sept 19 19 Mexico Mexico recalled Ambassador Ambassador Abas- Abas Ambas Ambas- Manuel Telez from Washington Washing Washing- ton on and ard selected Dr Puig for the tho post Sept 21 British 21 21 British parliament passed measure suspending suspendinG gold old standard act for six months Sept 27 Norway 27 Norway and nd Sweden suspended suspended suspended sus sus- gold standard Oct 4 Juan 4 Juan Esteban Montero elected president of or Chile Chie Oct German 7 7 German cabinet resigned and nd Chancellor Bruening was as commissioned commissioned com corn to form a new now government government govern govern- ment mont with wih greatly reaty Increased powers Oct OcL 13 13 Spanish 13 Spanish cortes voted separation sep asp arton of or church and state Oct Oct 14 Zamora 14 Zamora 1 Zamora resigned as president of or Spain and was WS succeeded sue suc by Emanuel Aan Azana Oct Oct 22 People 22 People of or Cyprus re revolted revolted re- re voled against British rule burning the ho government building building- In Nicosia Oct 23 23 Cyprus 23 Cyprus revolt suppressed by troops Oct Oct 24 Sanchez 24 Sanchez Cerro elected president of or Peru Oct Oct 26 President 26 President Guggiari of ot Paraguay handed over the tho presidential lal tal powers to Vice President Navero Nav- Nav ero ro because of or disorders Oct Oct 27 27 MacDonald's 27 National government won a n sweeping victory n in n tho the British elections Nov 5 Primo 5 Primo I-Primo Minister MacDonald MacDon MacDon- ald aId of ot Great Britain announced now cabinet of or 20 Nov 11 Duke 11 Duke l-Duke Duke of Norfolk sold Arundel castle caste seat of or the Howards for or centuries Nov 16 PhilIp 16 16 Philip Snowden Snowdon was created created cre- cre a a viscount and elevated to o of or lords Nov U Spanish 1 1 Spanish national assembly assembly assem assern- bly declared former King Alfonso an outlaw Nov 25 Labor 25 25 Labor cabinet of or Australia Aus- Aus Aul- Aul ralia traI was defeated and resigned Nov 27 British 27 27 British conference on Burma Burma opened In London Doc Dec Doc 1 Round I-Round Round table conference on India ended without result resul Dec Dee 2 Moderate 2 coalition coalton won on New Zealand election electon over oer radicals Dec 3 President 3 Arturo Araujo of or Salvador Salvador ousted by military mitry revo- revo lution luton Wages of ot Canadian railway workers work work- ers era cut 10 per per cent Dec 8 erman 8 8 German er government de decreed decreed do- do creed reductions In wages salaries and nearly all aU costs of or living Sanchez Cerro Inaugurated dent lent of ot Peru Dee Dec Doe 10 Zamora lO-Zamora 10 Zamora was wa elected constitutional constitutional con COD president of or Spain Dec 11 Japanese 11 l Japanese cabinet re re- re signed Smet n elected re-elected president of ot Lithuania Dec 12 12 12 Inukai head of or party made premier of or Japan Japan Dec 13 apan 1 Japan 13 Japan suspended the gold standard Dec Dee 16 16 Chiang 15 Chiang Kai shek shek Ka-shek resigned as 01 president of ot China Lin Sen succeeded sue suc him him Dec Dee 17 Giuseppe 17 17 Giuseppe Motta Mott elected president of or Switzerland DOMESTIC Jan 1 I President 1 Hoover proclaimed proclaimed pro pro- claimed the London naval treaty In Ine e effect Jan E Congress 5 resumed business business busi busl- ness nels and and house passed bill bi appropriating for drought relief rolof senate Increased amount b by f for tor food rood loans loas Jan 8 Congress 8 modified 8 d drastic Jones 5 I and 10 law Jan 9 Senate 9 Senate |