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Show UINTAII BASIN RECORD Irish Sweeps, Great An act to permit, horse raci, 7 passed by the Irish ?, British Shaw Come National Topics Interpreted by William Bruckart National Pres Five Important Washington. in the New Deal recovery arch have been New Farm torn from their Btones moorings now and. from all of the comments I have been able to pick up. It appears that the general situation 1ms been clarified thereby. Two of the major New Deal items the NIIA and the AAA have been tossed overboard by the Su- preme court of the United States and congress, at the request of the President, now has thrown three others into the limbo of unnecessary things by repealing the legislation for control of cotton, tobacco and potatoes. These three with their parent, the Agricultural Adjustment act. represented all that was basic in the New Deal farm program. The Importance of the Presidents act in requesting repeal of the three laws cancompulsory Mr. Roosevelt not be minimized. recognized, when the AAA was invalidated, that the other three crop control laws would he of no further use because they were predicated upon the national law. He recognized further that to remain adamant would he only to permit delay in Invalidation of those three laws because they were all headed for an adverse decision by the Supreme court anyway. In seeking their repeal, therefore, Mr, Roosevelt simply took time by the forelock and girded his armor for a fresh start on farm relief legislation. Where or in what form the new farm legislation will finally emerge, none can foretell. The house and senate will pass some kind of legislation to supplant the laws invalidated by the court or repealed by congress. Necessarily, this new farm legislation will he of a stopgap character nnd I dont believe that any of Its ardent supporters can tell you exactly what the result will he In so far as Its effect upon agriculture is concerned. As far as the compromises have been worked out. It appears that some of the leaders are willing again to enact legislation directed crop-contr- at crop-contro- l In a President Roosevelt likely will receive some credit for seeking repeal Admits His Mistake of the discredited laws. He said if he made a mis- take he would be the first to admit it. So, now he has In a way admitted that he made a mistake in approving those laws although his statement concerning the repeal request was that these were useless without AAA. It is to be noted, however, that long before the Supreme court outlawed AAA there was a growing volume of discontent with the principles that law sought to apply. It cannot be that Mr. Roosevelt was not aware of this growing dissatisfaction and that his political advisers smelled a rat because a good many plans for modification had been under discussion privately among AAA advisers long before a Supreme conit decision was In prospect. Practical men working with Secretary Wallace and Administrator Davis were steadily trying to accomplish changes in administration of the AAA law. nnd the three others as well, to make It workable. They were confronted, however, with a superabundance of brain trusters who could make a beautiful case In print for their views and during that time the brain trusters had the ear of the President while the practical administrators were left out In the cold. It Is thus that we see a development under the New Deal whereby most of the responsible people are attempting to dodge the responsibility that belongs to them. Some of them are attempting to clean their own skirts, or make their skirts appear clean, by damning the Supreme court; others are blaming onr system for failure of the theories to work In practical application and still other groups point the finger of scorn at those charged with administration of the agricultural policy, blaming them for the failure. Things like this have developed before in Washington and have died down In due time but I believe that seldom. If ever, has occurred a situation In which the responsibility was so general and the blame so generally denied by those responsi- manner. If that Is forthcoming, the new law actually will he nothing ble. . more than a thinly disguised atto circumvent the prohibitions tempt Washington observers are watchlaid down in the Supreme court ing the Proshlehts latest maneuvers on government opinion holding the AAA unconstiMast Cut finance with con- tutional. In any event, the tragedy In the situation appears to me to Borrowing slderable interest. The President, be the absence of clear thinking, or else the circumstances we see rep- you know, already has told agenresent political cowardice of the cies of the government that are worst type. equipped with borrowing power that It Is to he remembered ttiat In they must reduce this borrowing. this session of congress more than He has. in effect, withdrawn from them authorization that would have anv other since resident Roosevelt took ofiioe, there exist a great- permitted the borrowing of about er number of blocs; cross currents $1000,000.000 during the next year. of opinion; partisan Jealousy. A During the last few weeks, the great deal of It Is in opposition to Chief Executive has been concerned brain trust policies sponsored by the also with reduction In governmental New Deni but for political reasons spending nnd at the same time with the individuals who oppose these plans to raise additional money He things dare not openly show their has presented a tax bill to condisapproval of Presidential policies gress, an obstinate congress. Repreas such Thus, a consensus has sentatives and senators do not like arisen among Washington observ- to campaign after passing a new ers that representatives nnd sena tax hill, so they frankly do not like tors concerned with directing ennef-men- t the idea of new taxes at this time. of new farm legislation are it Is too early to forecast the full likely to mess up the situation rath of the Presidents latimportance er than come forth with a definite est moves. There are those who Inand workable proposition. sist that Mr. Roosevelt is making a sincere effort to cut down govThe situation at (lie While House ernment spendh g and to convince! and in congress In connection with the nation that tie Is seeking to reduce the waste that Is naturally agricultural cios probably Is attendant upon such a volume of Illustradisbursements of money as has takPolitics Rule ,llp tion In a definite, en place In the last three years. There are others who take the positangible form, of bow manv Important federal policies are being dealt tion that the President Is simply with In a partisan pollt'cal way hnllding up a picture which can be rather than, ns they should be, in shown to the voters when election a scientific manner with partisan time comes. An unbiased conclusion Is that a politics In the background. I need not recall how many pieces of leg little of each claim is true. If exislntion have been put through con- penditures actually are reduced, obgress bearing a New Deal tag of viously the action will he welcomed Of course. Mr. Roosevelt by the taxpayers. On the other must. cannot be blamed entirely for Issu- bund, the ballyhoo that went out ing orders when congress Is willing from the White House and executo obey, it is a fact, nevertheless, tive departments concerning the that time after time and with ref- withdrawal of borrowing power was erence to the mnior New Deal ex- rattier unjustified. It was unjustified periments, the legislation has been for the reason that the move was drafted by men serving under a simply a bookkeeping proposition Presidential appointment In execuand, further, there was oven a hint tive departments, the copies for- that such agencies ns the Reconwarded to given representatives or struction Finance corporation and senators and Instructions passed Home Owners I.o.in corporation had along that the administration will no plans for borrowing extensively It wants the taka no substitute. during the forthcoming summer and specific measure and In that form full. The result of tdl of this has been If one looks Into the future In that In numerous eases legislation connection with the Presidential was passi-without more than a program of curtailing borrowing few membeis of the house ami sen- and cutting expenditures, it is rather ate having even read the hills be- dillieult to escape the thought that fore they were asked to east a fav- a continual ion of policies such ns orable vote (Hi their passage. have been sponsored by the New Now, lepp'sentatives and senators Deal In the last tinea yiurs will are seeking to (lodge Ihe responsibilforce a renewal of those expend! tares in due eouise, In other words, ity for tleir acts, i his was shown definitely In the celerity with which Ihe nilininisli :il ion course respect cnngiess acted ou the Pri shlenl lal lug these expenditures Is going to request for repeal of the three depend upon the results of (he Noarts named heretofore. vember eleitlon: If Mr. Roosevelt I know pirsunally of a considerable is rt turned to the While House nnd number of repiesentatives and sea he continues with a substantial a'ois who were dt lighted at tin- op Detumratu liuorily In congress,' to Vole repeal of those porltlt.il then is no reason to believe that laws. They never did like them -- present spending policies nijj p, after they onnd out what thv.,r had illtiie'.v ulMinloiied. n Nui C Lasted. t r I'nlu. ciop-comr- VV i there was only one living person who could convince me that George Bernard Shaw was not the smartest man in the world and that person would be George Bernard Shaw. Wauhlngton, Building Legislation Houston, Through texas. And, by gum, he did It! For this admirer he began the disillusioning job the last time he was over here, telling us so frankly what ailed us, and on the present trip he already has finished up the contract. When a man, no matter how great he was In the past, reaches the point where he mistakes rudeness . By WILLIAM C. UTLEY THE end of June approximately 1,000,000 American citizens more than sixty-fiv- e years old will be receiving pension checks from funds created by state and federal This will be the beginning of the benefit payments under one of the BY most spectacular pieces of legislation ever attempted In the United social seStates, the Wagner-Levvl- s curity acL The act, signed by President Roosevelt August 14, 19:15, providing protection against extreme poverty In old age, and insurance against unemployment, is the largest tax bill ever passed. Unless It Is amended or the Supreme court declares it unconstitutional, It will collect In taxes this year. The levy, winch Is a progressive one and grows to its maximum In about twelve years, may ultimately reach $2,S00,000,000 a year. The fund ultimately to he accumulated will swell to nearly $50,000,000,000 in 19S0, a total about half again as large as the present record national debt. Old age pensions began In Europe as early as 1703, and unemployment Insurance' has been in practice for more than forty years. I!y the social security act, the United States Is al tempting. In a single stroke, to go far beyond vvliat the nations of Europe have been several decades in developing. Right now there Is a far filing drive under way to get states to submit old age plans which will he acceptable to the social security hoard and Its director, Frank Bane. Twenty-fivstates have already submitted duns which have met, or soon will meet with the board's approval. They are: Delaware, Idaho, Iowa, Maine, Maryland, Michi$25G,-000,00- 0 e gan, Mississippi, Missouri, Nebraska, New Hampshire, Vermont, Wisconsin, Wyoming, Alabama, Colo- rado, Connecticut, Florida, Kansas, Massachuset's, Montana, Ohio, Rhode Island, Utah, Washington and the District of Columbia. Eighteen other states have enacted legislation which will enable them to apply for federal old at some future date. Only Georgia, Louisiana, New Mexico, North Carolina, Booth Dakota, South Carolina, Tennessee and Virginia are without old uge pension laws, hut such legislation, It la believed, will be presented to the next session of the slate legislature In each. New Deficiency Bill. The house appropriations committee has recommended the appropriation of $ 12,(101, 500 for social security In the new deficiency hill which, It Is expected, will soon he passed. This will replace the one which was defeated by thp hlihuster of the lute lluey Iaing in the senate last summer. Included In this appropriation will be $2 1,000, ooo of old age assistance to June ,",0, $a,00),0oo for the nld of dependent children, ami $2,0(10,0(10 for the care of the blind. From a political point of view. It Is probably the old nge pensions which are the most important part of the act at the present time. Certainly the spread of publicity concerning the Townsend dan lias emphasized the necessity for caring for the aged whose earning power has declined or vanished. And It Is the old nge penshuus which first go Into effect., The act makes two provisions for old nge. In the first of these provisions, the one now In effect, the fedeial r government matches, for dollar, the old ago pension stems of the states, up to the point where persons of seventy or more nre being paid $15 by the dol-4i- Malt and $. by the fclcial govern 'iient. These pa meats would be v financed out of the treasurys general fund and the cost would be borne by all the taxpayers; it is possible that a beneficiary may pay nothing toward his own pension. Similar federal grants-in-aigiven for public health service, the blind, childrens and maternal welfare, and similar public responsibilities. There is no doubt about the constitutional nature of these grants-In-alfor they have been made to states In the past for education, road building and other purposes. d will By 1942, these grants-In-ai- d be replaced, or at least will be far surpassed In Importance, by the second old age provision of the law. While the first provision is the second, which Is an old age pension system operated entirely by the federal government, will be paid for by employers and employees, with no financial aid from the federal government Tax Starts in 1937. The tax will begin to be felt In 1937, when every employer of one or more persons becomes liable for a 1 per cent tax on his pay roll. After three years, the rate will become V2 per cent; it will Increase .,2 of 1 per cent each three years until In 191!) It will be 3 per cent. The employees will he required to pay a tax on their earnings which increases on the same scale, making the total tax 6 per cent for employer and employee together . by 1919. clal security act to build up a reserve fund which will crowd the $50,000,000,000 mark by J9S0. One of the stipulations of the act Is that this fund be invested In United States government obligations. But never have these obligations reached a total of anything like $50,000,000,000, and with the national debt now standing at a record high, It is to be supposed (or at least hoped) that the tendency In future years will be to reduce these obligations rather than add to them. of Its outTo turn sufficient standing Issues over to the fund, the government In that case would have to buy them back from the banks, and even write out more with Interest To promlses-to-parealize on' such a fund It would he necessary for the treasury to sell Its notes to the public and the banks again, a slow and laborious operation. Aids Naturalization. There is one way that the social security act may benefit the country, in addition to the manner in which its sponsors believe it will help to solve the unemployment problem: Daniel C. MacCormack, commissioner of immigration and naturalization, says that the prospect of benefits to be paid has lent Impetus to a large increase in the number of aliens applying for naturalization throughout the country. So much for old age pensions; now for unemployment insurance. Two model plans have been suggested for (States by the social seOne Is called the curity hoard. pooled reserve plan and one the "employer reserve plan. Contributions under the first plan are deposited In The United States treastrust fund. urys unemployment Benefits are paid with all contributions undivided. In the states where this plan is operating, benefits would be paid to each unemployed person who was eligible, without regard for his employers benefit and contribution experience. For rating purposes, records would be kept on y The states play no part in this operation, for the money goes directly to the United States treasury. The pensions which will be paid to employees under this arrangement will hear no relation to the employee's needs In his old age; he will simply he paid the amount due him in Ills contract. Such an arrangement will of course require a vast amount of accounting on the part of the federal government, for pay roll records will have to be kept on every Individual. The following types of employers and employees nre exempted from the tax: Governmental units; rail- all employers. In the states where the employer roads; nonprofit, religious, charitareserve plan is adopted, separate ble, scientific, literary and educational organizations; agricultural accounts are kept for each employlabor; domestic service; casual la- er, with his contributions being bor, and employment on shipboard. credited only to his ovns reserve No benefits will begin to be paid account. Thus an employee's benefits would be limited by the amount upon this contributory insurance until 19 i2, when the fund will have of his employer's reserve account; had the chance to assume a little and the employer's reserve could be or charged only with benefits paid to body. Then all persons sixty-fivolder who have contributed will be- his own employees. All corporations or Individuals In come eligible to receive payments the United States who employ eight of rest for the lives. their monthly These payments will he based upon or more persons for 20 weeks (with the amounts paid to the credit of the same exemptions as nre provided In the old nge pension plan) the beneficiaries. are subject to the tax which will How Payments Are Computed. support the benefit payments for Monthly benefit payments will he unemployment Insurance. This tax computed on the total wages paid will he paid entirely by employers. the contributing worker from the It will ajnount to ,9 per cent of paytime the plan goes into effect until rolls for this year, 1.8 per cent for (lie time he becomes sixty-fivyears 1957 and 2.7 per cent for 1953. old. Ills monthly benefit will he Forcing State f of 1 per cent of equal to The social security net povldes the the (list $3, (Kill he earned during federal government with a club for those years, plus of 1 forcing the states to adopt one of per cent of the next $ 12.0(H) (which Its recommended dans. Employers must he earned over a period of in states which ndopt the 14 years or more pooled wages over $3,ofio reserve" or the "employer reserve, In one year will not he counted), or any plan approved by the $odal plus one twenty-fourtof the next $12,000. However, the benefit to the security hoard, are permitted a refund of 90 per cent of the tax. The Insured will In no Instance he al"encouraging agent Is obvious; if lowed to exceed $35 a month, or a state doesnt fall in line, $1 020 a year. nearly 3 per cent of all Its payrolls goes out Since the death rate In the United States Is declining year by jetir, of the slate and doesnt return. Unemployment Insurance acts have there nre annually more old people by 11 states and the In proportion to the number of been This proportionate district of Ioluiubhi, most of hem wage earners. In 1935, in anticipation of the fed number. It Is believed, will Increase oral legislation, although In Yis through t he coming decades, so that the beat lest p:i incuts of the federal cousin unemployment Insirancc hn been In riTect for many years rr pension s stein will not come for, that a few Mates will about odd say, forty years. Against possible the rinks this venr. this time It Is the plan of the socso rn e e one-hal- h pii'-sc- - spacer 'i Sunny South THE poetic pioneers who IFchristened the lower cross first sec- tion of our country the Sunny South came hither at this season of the year, I think I know what actuated them. They called Dixie the Sunny South for the same reason that naturalists have named a certain type of African hyena the laughing hyena not because the creature laughs so often, but because he laughs so seldom that It naturally attracts attention. After contemplating lowering or leaking skies for a straight ten days, Im beginning to wonder whether the sun has retired from business permanently. Probably about next July Ill wish he had. ' Valuable Advice TODAY I ran Into m.v old and Itassett Blakely. He stuck to the cow business, whereas Will Rogers was weaned from it Otherwise these southwesterly ranges might have produced one corn-fe- d " lottery. While most of the t ; tea rected at the enorm . chet ceived by American ; e ju tickets, it should he p mg i that the odd3 have bfv uit f at about 400,000 to 1 a; first prize and 250, mo 1 dm receiving any prize at rtar In a News. ous I The proper tn the for a bilious THREE STEPS Only for Westerner I ask you, Is the use of WHAT, a consistent old line Refine bankwith back East, publican all when youre pering connections, mitted to do, as the other fellows start drawing their hands for this years big game, Is to fuss with the discards? Why, lots of us can remember when it wasnt regarded as fatal to the Presidential prospect of a bright member of the G. 0. P. younger set if he happened to reside on the Wall Street side of the Allegheny mountains. In fact, quite the contrary. Now It seems theres a rule that only westerners may look longingly toward the White House without being accused of trying to peep In the deck before the deal more u to his hosts for proof of pyj,, $. Cobb his own brilliancy, Instead of just bad manners well, to me one of the most distressing sights on this earth is that of an extinct crater still trying to be the flaming volcano it once was. President Roosevelt signs the Social Security act as (left to right) Rep. Robert L. Doughton (N. C.), U. S. Sen. Robert F. Wagner (N. Y.), Secretary of Labor Frances Perkins, and U. S. Sen. Pat Harrison (Miss.), look on. The inset shows the late Sen. Huey P. Long whose famous filibuster last summer prevented the passage of the deficiency bill which would have provided for the first payments under the Social Security Act. IP liament In 1951), " ' Free State was Mle' our drawings are held tt an year in connection he3 National Steepler!, rever derby in June and p shire Makes in OcttlJ dice 000,000 to $18, (MKi.tksj dr each drawing and 0f . G2 about per cent is r, form of prizes. The r, it tt to the Irish hospital, , ernnient, and the 0rj pim philosopher-humoris- t with a national reputation. During the depression, Bassett tried to borrow a sizable sum from a gentleman with a reputation for frugality. It was a forlorn hope. No," stated Bassett, emerging from the Interview, "lie didnt let me have any money, but on parting he gave me free of charge some beautiful advice. Bassett, my son, he said, never feed your stock dry fodder in windy weather. I did that In March In 1SS4 and one shuck blew away on me. 1 TO RELIEVii; A cleansing dose lodz 1 a D quantity tomorrow; lei until bowels need notve A NY mother know cola when her child storsitt on little, is hard to manage.!. Der( But what a pity so fcth sensible way to set Unit n The ordinary laxab ordinary strength, must, ro regulated as to dosage. A liquid laxative is r the mothers. The answer ,ip1 worries over constiraL BeU can be measured. The t exactly suited to anyterce Just reduce the dose eacTpm the bowels are moving accord and need no help This treatment will r and with any c aerr-Thdoctors use hqi tabl Hospitals use the liqu. any child - r is best for their use, home use. The liquid families use is Dr. Cak Pepsin. Any druggist kl Yet We Go to I Friendship fs the onk world concerning the i which all mankind Cicero. & Still Cougg No matter how mar.1; you have tried for your meet cold or bronchial irnta co get rehef now withbe Cf thJ Serious trouble may last, you cannot afford to 14 with anything less tt is v sion, which goes right of the trouble to a mao soothe and heal the tiiD p0 branes as the germ-ia- f is loosened and expelLd Even if other reir failed, dont be discoTr druggist is authorized t Creomuisiou and to if money if ycu are not results from the very: Get Creomulsion richt well-earne- d Machine Long Endure ciiarles, la. i Lake disrespect for any mean mans memory, but for most any one of us who ever tasted success the verse that was written about little dog Rover might serve as an epitaph: While he lived, he lived in clover, but when he died, he died all over. I would have said that lluey Longs machine, being essentially a machine, would start falling to pieces before ever they burled him. Rut It yet endures and is powerful and, right or w rong, it functions. Admire such a mans record or despise It, nevertheless you have to take off your hat to a personality that can project Itself back across the grave. one-ma- Dont be discouraged to try and hae th aknyou admire in others ! J have found toe secret treatments. So simple, to soothes and cleanses relieves and helps to heal vel at the dulerence Cue Buy Cuticura at yosr p Soap 25c. Ointment ry sample of each on 9, Cuticura," Dept. can Sol-- WOMANS Alir RA d Ion IRVIN S. COBB. (f NT Service, So. Lou Mrs. River 716 Cola, TI3V said Souli ly rundotf irritated v C easily. headachemV amiss ouic craii n Theyre All Ranches NUT In California every patch of ground where things grow, regardless of sle, Is a ranch. So far ns I know there nre only two farms In southern California; ones a lion farm and the other Is an ostrich farm. I look for the day when a Hollywood scalp sptelnllst will refer to his establishment ns a (lanilrnlT ranch. In Texas, which we just left us, nearly everybody Is a rancher, too, or used to he. Today were In the land of the planters, and If we keep gitlng, hearing north, tomorrow we'd in among the farmers. I'e so called gentleman farmer, ns we know Urn hack FiM, doesn't flourish ht w here down here. 1 for a V strcnrh , -. .... tcT D T taking Dr, Pierces I enjoyed my meals ar I Li Roo DO bur you suffer j frequent urina-headache, dizziness, k. leg pains, swelling' s under the eyes? Ar 1 ous feel fill uisl't'; know what is W.ongr Then give some L kidneys, tie sure bey kid11' functional for ly sW mils excess waste to and to poison and W 40 I system, Use Doans ' . only. They .. the world over. You ' Def ume, i, time-teste- d ttC8, n " ' , . i r |