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Show & UINTAH BASIN TTTE IA DUCHESNE COUNTY FARM BUREAU ARTHUR WISCOMBE THOMAS ROBERTS C. F. WAHLQUIST Viee-Pres- Pres., Myton, Utah ., See.-Trea- Cedarview, Utah J 'AVWWWWW.V'AWAWAW.V.VrW.V.V.VVVAVAVV.V.V-AV.WAWW-VWWWWA-W,.,,- Fatten Beef in the Corn Belt .Tends to Equalize Number of Cattle Slaughtered . (Prepared by the United State Department of Agriculture.) Besides Improving the condition of tt large number of cattle from the ' range, the fattening of steers in the corn belt tends to equalize the num-- ; ber of cattle slaughtered at different times of the year, according to an analysis of the methods and results of cattle feeding in five representative sections of the com belt, by the . United States Department of Agriculture. of the beef cattle About marketed from the range are shipped to the feedlots of the com belt as Stockers and feeders. Beef cattle are well adapted to the utilization of j legume hay and such coarse rough-- 1 ages as cornstalks and straw, which j 'must have a place in a : when These rotation. crop roughages fed with a liberal amount of com in t the ration usually produce a higher gi of beef than that produced on g. ss alone. j Districts for Study. The districts chosen for study typify three general methods in the fat-tening operation. In eastern Nebraska I and southwestern Iowa standard man- - j , agement provides for dry lot feeding? with com and legume hay, particular-alfalfa. Silage plays an important role in feeding enterprises in eastern ; Iowa, Illinois and Indiana. The prac-tice of fattening steers on grass pas-- ; ture was the rule in the Missouri dis-- 1 ' trict studied. The time covered in the analysis of costs and methods extend-- 1 ed from the opening of the feeding season to the close of the 3 season, thus Including two of high price levels, two years years low prices, and an intermediate . of year while deflation was under way. s Each season approximately 100 of feeding operations were obtained from fanners in each of the .five districts. An effort was made to assemble all the details of management from the time the feeder cattle were bought until the fat cattle went to market The effect of the kind and quantity of feed available upon methods of handling and rations used received special attention. These records have been assembled and analyzed and the results In Technical Bulletin No. 23-."Costs and Methods of Fattening Beef "Cattle In the Corn Belt one-thir- d well-balanc- 4 i I . ed J J 191S-191- 9 1922-192- reo-ord- p.ub-.ilshe- , d Important Points Touched. Some of the more Important points e are touched on In a sum- msrv. of which a few of them are as two-pag- per cent of the total cost of 100 pounds gain was for on feed, 6 per cent was for interest investment in cattle and equipment, 5.5 per cent for labor and the remainexmiscellaneous ing 4.5 per cent for S4 j j j The rate and cost of gain varied widely from one farm to another. The rate of gain on medium weight steers varied from 0.4 to 4.2 pounds per day. whereas the net cost of gain for cat-- ! tie of the same weight ranged from 6 to 34 cents per pound in the same feeding season. Almost half the cattle finished In dry lots were pastured for some time previous to intensive feeding. Each day of fall pasture on second growth clover or cornstalks was worth 3.4 pounds of grain, plus 22! pounds of dry roughage, plus 10.7 pounds of silage when the feed requirements of the fall pastured steers were compared with those of strictly dry-lo- t cattle. "The relative prices of feed largely determine the proportions in which they should be fed to stock at any given time. "To produce 100 pounds of gain calves required only 64 per cent as much feed as did heavy cattle. cattle Yearlings and medium-weigrequired, respectively, 75 and S7 per cent as much as heavy cattle to produce 100 pounds of gain. Heavy cattle may be fattened in a much shorter feeding period than steers, A greater cost of gain, together with the necessity of marketing them promptly when Ished. make the feeding of heavy cat-l- y tie more hazardous than the feeding of steers. The average daily ration of 129 droves of cattle weighing SOI pounds when bought is typical of that used in cattle feeding in eastern Nebraska and western Iowa. Each animal re--i ceived, on an average, 19 pounds of shelled com, and 9 pounds of legume hay, and gained 2.19 pounds per day for 131 days. The feed required per head amounted to 43 bushels of corn and 1,130 pounds of legume hay, with a pork credit of 77 pounds per steer. Silage feeding is more common in eastern Iowa, Illinois, and Indiana because of the smaller and less certain quantity of legume hay available. The practice of fattening while oa grass pasture was more common in the Missouri district s where almost of the cattle fed were handled in this way. The margin in sale price per pound necessary to cover fattening costs increase rather regularly with the length of time on grain feed. This amounted to 75 cents per month when corn was worth $1.40 per bushel and 20 cents per 100 pounds for each additional month fed when corn was worth 50 cents per bushel. ht light-weig- ht light-weig- ht west-centr- al two-third- Pick a LUSTY BULL For Profit They are builders of Beef R. S. LUSTY & SONS, Breeders Duchesne, Utah of Pure Bred Hereford Ckttlo ori be difrerc5t use may be made of the ara artfi. able by planning for success on, err, panion and Intercropping. For tj.13. pie, a crop of late beets may te after a crop of early peas have tag, harvested or a crop of lettuce may taised between the tomato tuj gathered before the tomato need all the space. Fresh pees, bees and com may be had over a period by making several plantings e intervals of two weeks or by plantkg n and late vartefla early, The likes and dislikes of tie ne bers of the family should be clustered and selections made acctrfinflT Drought Is Not Always Harmful I j peases. at Various Times. j follows : Approximately I iUSUIIlCieilt .alO-SulT- e fnr One pi.-iz- Crop May Be Ample j (Prt;art4 by J I ; ; j tfc Eocserelt, Utah s., United St Department cf Africa! ture.) The tern drought. as applied to a lack of exist are in the soil for proper plant growth, embraces many conditions which differ with each type of agriculture. What may constitute inseffeient moisture for one sort of crop, or one part of the country, may be ample for another crop grown in different soil or in a different climate, says the weather bureau of the United States Department of Agriculture. In the East, where precipitation Is usually well distributed, a period of oO days without beneficial precipitation constitutes a drought, which would be especially bad if the subsoil were not well supplied with moisture at the beginning of the drought period. Over the Pacific coast states possible drought is chiefly in the colder half of the year. Hurts Nonirrigated Crops. A generally dry winter season may be disastrous to nonirrigated crops. In the central valleys and Great plains, drought during the early spring months will greatly diminish the wheat yield, and drought in midsummer brings disaster to the com crop. A short period of drought in the eastern part of the country during the early spring months will frequently greatly curtail the hay crop, but may not seriously injure wheat; in fact, it may prevent excessive straw growth. A period of drought may be beneficial to corn in Its early growth, forcing the root? to greater depths. Drought of short duration may be quite disastrous to corn when it follows a wet period immediately preceding the formation of the ear, when abundant moisture Is required. If previous wet weather has caused the root system to develop near the sur-face, the supply of moisture available in the subsoil may not be reached in time to prevent los?. May Benefit Cotton. Moderate drought is not always associated with scanty production. It may prove beneficial to cotton by hindering the activity of insect pests that do not multiply in dry weather. If the cotton plant remains somewhat dormant during drought and resumes growth promptly when moisture Is supplied, the crop may develop after the period of worst Insect infestation is over. Early droughts are particularly detrimental to most truck and small-fru- it crops, as growth and development of these are usually rapid and any material Interruption Is decidedly harmful. mid-seaso- Fanning Mill to Clean Seed Most Satisfactory hours spent Indoors clean! 15 seed with a fanning mill may &tb many days In the hot sun next summer and will pay handsome dltidetii in the form of bigger and better crops A farm fanning mill operated at tie correct speed and equipped with Ee proper sieves and screens Is capaile doing an excellent job of clearing caver, alfalfa and other seeds. Siu A few experiments have shown that the cam object of cultivation after the pro pan-tioof the seed bed Is the era ilesfia of weeds, and since most we-- : 5 are introduced by means of Impure seed, the use of cleaned seed will save t great deal of future work. The value of a good fanning mill in cleaning farm seeds has been demonstrate! by hundred? of farmers. n Agricultural Hints n hay as a roughage I? equalas In the ration as is tie valuable ly Soy-bea- seed. The main thing in inoculating soy beans Is to make them real dirty with the right kind of dirt. Swiss chard belongs to the beet fan)-- , ily and Is grown the same way in rows thinned 6 to 12 Inches apart. Tearing fence posts with crevs I .e many kinds of wood post? Iasi 20 or more years. The treatment costs but little. Let the hoe be your garden patter, brassie and niblick, for half an tour a day, and you will surprise yourself with a weedless garden. Materials Contained in a Crop of Sweet Clover of sweet clover conlf one-hatwo tains tons of dry top and and roots to the acre by the sprig of the second year. This amount of material will contain. 200 pounds of nitrogen or as much nitrogen as Is contained In 20 tons of average farn manure. This Is more nitrogen than crop Is required to grow a of corn. Only 150 pounds of nitrogen Development of a Plan necessary to produce the stalks Needed for Good Garden are and grain of such a crop of corn. The first step toward making a suc- Thus the farmer can grow a fertilizer cessful garden Is the development of a on his own farm that will finplan showing the general arrangement, . factory an ish abundance of nitrogen for t:s direciisin Qt rows a a d area devoted to. crops at a very small cost. A good crop 100-bush- el |