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Show - rn7r l ( ) t iU iULiberal Liberal GroundSweli Groundswell Groundswellrt GrounTSwellSweeping ( r . , ' : i iSweeping rt rtSweeping Sweeping Over Europe EuropeUnderground EuropeUnderground I 1 Underground Coalesces Democratic Groups GroupsIn In Fight for Popular Government ; Look to 'Big Big ' Big Three ; . ' By BAUIlliAGENews BAUKHAGENaas BAUKHAGE BAUIlliAGE BAUKHAGENews News Naas Analyst Analst ) and Commentator WNV WNU Service Onion Union Trnst Trust BuildingWashington Building Dudding DuddingWa ; Wa Washington hmgton D CAs CAs C CAs As the New Year approaches approachesWashington approachesWashington Washmgton Washington is preparing prepanng to e .pen pen ezperi ezperience expenence > . .penence ence tl tI e a results of t vo t tanic tank strug struggles struggles struegles gles which wluch will wlIl chart the course fol 101 folloed 101lowed followed lo\\ed lo ed lowed \ by this nation and theorld the \\orld orld world worldin \ worldIn orldin in the decades aheadOne aheadOne ahead aheadOne One contestIll contest \ will \\Ill Ill be1tnesseA be 1tnesseAon witnessedon \ witnesseA \\1tnesseA 1tnesseA witnessed ' on onthe onthe onthe the floors fioors of congress The other In Insome Insome insome some unnamed spot where Presl Presi Presldent President President dent Roosevelt Prime Pnme Mm ster sterChurchIll sterChurchill sterChurchill ChurchIll , , Marshal Stal n and per perhaP6 perhape perhap6GeneralDe haP6 hape General De Gaulle111 Gaulle \\111 111 will \ lUsit Sit down and try to agree on details Ot of the theframework tframework framework of an international mternatJonal or orgamzaIJon organrzation organization gamzaIJon ganrzation tor for the maintenance mamtenance ot of otpeace ofpeace ofpeace ofpeaceThe peace peaceThe The election was supposed to tohave tohave tohave have settled the old issue ot of o ( Isola IsolatIoDlsm isolationism isolationism tIoDlsm tionism versus internal mtcrnat internat onalism but butthose butthose butthose those terms were far too mdefinlte indefinite indefiniteto mdefinlteto to delimit any lasting lastmg decisions and andsince andsince andsince since November our allies have havebeen havebeen havebeen been strewing strewmg land mines mmes of doubt doubtalong doubtalong doubtalong along theay the \ way \\ay ay caus ng many cases casesot casesof caseso ot of ( non mtervent intervent onist omst omit jitters litters in m con congress congross congrossThere gress gressThere There will be debate dcbate m 10 . , Jie .he he he senate senatetlavored senateflavored senateflavored tlavored flavored ' with 'Hth Hth remarks the tenor of ofthose ofthose ofthose those " , which hlch criticized cnhcIzed the Bnl1sl1 British Bnl1sl1course Britishcourse Britishcourse course in GreeceAs GreeceAs Greece GreeceAs As to the battle behind closed closeddoors closeddoors closeddoors doors you can unag Imag irnag ne that theAmerican the theAmencan theAmerican Amencan American viewpo vlewpo nt will need aU all aUthe allthe allthe the support the Pres dent can rally rallybehmd rallybehind rallybehind behmd behind it to overcome the tendency tendencyof tendencyot ot of Messrs Churchill Stalin and DeGaulle De DeGaulle DeGaulle Gaulle to tall fall into all the old bad badhabIts badhabits badhabits habIts of their happy power politics days daysIn In order to understand the differ differences differences differences ences which have already arisen an-en an en - be between between between tween those who support Brit Bnt sh sharmed sharmed sharmed armed intervention mterventIon m in Greece and andthose andthose andthose those who support the state depart department department department ment s action in m protesting against againstit It it is necessary to take a look be belund behind behind lund hind the scenes and see what these theseforces theseforces theseforces forces arel'lch are \ wt'ich wtich \\l'lch l'lch llch wl'ich wlich ' ' ' are bound to toshape toshape toshape shape the new governments of Europe Europe Eu | rope as they are re born after the thepenod theperiod theperiod penod period of democratic bibemat hlbernat hibernat on ondurmg onduring onduring durmg during Nazi Fascist occupation or orcontrol orcontrol orcontrol control controlU 17 U S FavaTa Favors FavorsSelf FavorsSelf SelF RuleIn RuleIn Rule RuleIn In the first pIa place ce there is a pow powerful powerful powerful erful liberal oriented onented ground swell lto it ltobe itbe tsbe be discerned everywhere if It we look looktor lookfor lookfor tor for it It is the belief behef that even eventually eventually eventually tually this force will domina dominate dominatewinch dominatewhich te tewluch wluch winch has prompted the Amencan'handson American'handsoff American Amencan Americanhandsoff hands-off hands off 'hands-on 'hands on 'hands-off ' ' - - : policy Uncle Sam Sammerely Sammerety Sammerely merely merety rays Eays says Let the people of ot the thevarIous thevarious thevinous varIous countries choose the form of ofgovernment ofgovernment ofgovernment government they want wanl Those who whowant whowant whowant want democracy enough will get It Itif itif itif if there is no outside mterferenceThat interferenceThat interference mterference interferenceThat That is one thing thmg to bear in mmd mmdAnother mmdAnother mindAnother Another is that this ground swell s\\ell s ell \ as asI asI 1 I call it is the result of ot many d f 1 fterent 1ferent tterent terent ferent factors - not merely hun hunger hunger hunger ger an4 and d scontent or faith and en enIIghtel1ment enightenment enhghteoment IIghtel1ment ightenment ] not only Inspiration or ordesperation ordesperation ordesperation desperation but aspiration as weIl well weIlaspiration wellaspiration wellaspiration aspiration toward the natural hIS hIStorlcal historieal histoncal torlcal torieal and evolutionary goals of ofprogress of.progress ofprogress progress . rogress which are a part of man s seternal seternal siternal eternal struggle tor for lIbertyThe libertyThe liberty libertyThe The react on against Nazi tyranny tyrannyand tyrannyand tyrannyand and the successful res stance to toGerman toGerman toGerman German control m in the form of ot the theunderground theunderground theunderground underground generated certa n ntorces nforces nforces torces forces toward freedom and mde rode mdependence rodependence mdependence pendence The underground made madeItS madeits madeits ItS own laws la\\s la s \ gave opportun ty for forthe forthe forthe the coalescence and strengthen ng ngof ngof ngof of all democrat c a movements It was wasnatural wasnatural wasnatural natural when the Germans were werednven weredriven weredriven dnven driven out that these forces re refused refused refused fused to bow to representat representa t ves of ofany ofany ofany any regime no rnattter mattter how bt.nefl btnefl btnefi bt.neflcent btneficent btneflcent . cent if It had about it even the theslIghtest theslightest theslightest slIghtest odor of sanctified teudal feudal teudalism feudallsm feudalIsm feudalIsmIt ism lsm ismIt lsmIt It is necessary to get this premise premisefirmly premisefirmly premisefirmly firmly fixed in our minds mends or else elsefall elsefall elsefall fall into the error of ot wr ! ting lng tug off elf ev every evcry evcry ery cry revolutionary movement ascommuDlst ascommunist as ascommunist communist commuDlst includ IDclud rnclud ng some cer certalnly certainly certainly talnly tainly no whit less virtuous than our ourown ourown ourown own in 1776It 1776 1776It It is well to study the France ot of ottoda oftoday oftoda toda today } ) in m this connection and mter inter mterestmg intereating interosting estmg eating to note the comment which whichappeared whichappeared whichappeared appeared in the French press at the thet thet t me of the first revolts in Belgium Belgiumand Belgiumand Belgiumand and later in Greece where All ed edsupport edsupport edsupport support was given the government governmentin 10 in power The Franc Tireur Tlreur whose whoseDame whosename whosecame Dame name undergroundflavor undergroundfiavor Indicates the underground fiavor flavor of its opin on explains explams why so sofar sofar tofar far France has had no such inter internal internal Internal nal trouble troubleIt It has been our great good for fortune fortune tortune tune it says to have a man TIlan to toprotect toprotect toprotect protect our honor and prepare the liberation wl wi o 0 had such character characterand characterand characterand I and personality that he is un1\er un1 er unner unnersally un1ersally unnersally \ sally accepted acclaimed and fol 101 followed 101lowed tollowed lowed by the entire nation ' ns 'IS IS as our ourleadIDg ourleading ourleading leadIDg leading member of ot tl tI e a res stanceThe stance stanceThe The last seven words are theimportant the theImportant theimportant Important ones - as our leadIng leadIngmcmber leadingmember leadingmember mcmber member of ot the resistance In Inother Inother Inother other otherords \ words \\ords ords De Gaulle was able to tolead tolead tolead , lead his tello fello folio v countrymen mto into mtoIIbernt intoliberat intoliberal IIbernt liberat onIthout on \ without \\Ithout Ithout chaos because he hehad hehad hehad had the approval of the most ac actIve active aclive tIve and most militantly democrat democratic democratis IC is elements of the underground New SpIrIt SpiritIn SpiritIn In Greece GreecePapandrcou GreecePapandreou GreecePapandreou Papandrcou Papandreou premier of Greece Greecedurmg Greeceduring Greeceduring durmg during the reiolt revolt retolt with all his vir virtues virtues virtues tues was no De Gaulle in m that re respect respect respect respectI spect spectI I was rcl rdl ably informed mformed that thatPapandreou thatPapandreou thatPapandreou Papandreou had bad expressed firm firmantI firmanti firmanti antI monarchic sent ments that he heis heIs heis is as he says a democrat and a asocIal1st asocialist asocialist socIal1st socialist that he had a clean rec record record record ord through the occupation But- But Butand Butand But Butand - and what a but there is Judged fudged Judgedby fudgedby judgedby by such s andards as I ImagmeFranc imagineFranc imagine Imagme imagineFranc Franc Tireur \ would ould hold up - Papandreou was selected by the theKmg theKing theKing Kmg King with British consent The mo motIves motives molives tIves back of his election electron mayiiave may 11ave iiave 11avebeen iiavebeen havebeen been honest enough and practical practicalenough practicalenough practicalenough enough from the standpoint of the theold theold theold old order Here was a man " ' wi 'I I h a agood agood agood good recordho record \ who \\ho ho it would seem seemcould seemcould seemcould could reconc Ie le the royalists and the theleftists theleftists theleftists leftists But that formula Itsclt itself ItscltvIolates itselfviolates itselfviolates vIolates the very principles prmclples of the thenew thenew thenew new order and when the left wing wmg crs ers began to feel that ) eabmet cabinet eabmetwas cabinetwas cabinetwas was monarchist and British made madethey madethey they withdrew and their followers followersrefused followersrefused refused to give up their weaponsAll weaponsAll weapons weaponsAll All armed groups in m Greece not notabsorbed notabsorbed notabsorbed _ absorbed officially by the army armyv.ere armywere armywere v.ere vere were . orderCfi ordered orderc to turn m in their arms armsThe armsThe armsThe The pol ce cc of ot course did not turn turnin turnIn turnin in their arms and they were the thesame thesame thesame same police who had helped the pre prewar prewar prewar war Metaxas dictatorsh dlctatorsh p and later laterthe laterthe laterthe the Germans keep order Thesacred Thesacred The Thesacred sacred battabon battalIon a group com corn composed cornposed cornposed posed ch eh efly efiy oily of former Greek oflicers om ofli omcers officers cers who fought bravely beside the theAllIes theAllies theAllies AllIes all through the African Atncan earn cam earnpa campa campa pa gn go ( and were charged w th con containmg contaming contalmng tainmg taming a strong monarchist ele element element element ment ) ) was not disbanded but butbecame butbecame butbecame became a part ol of the armyTranslate armyTranslate army armyTranslate Translate the above into mto terms tenus ol of olthe ofthe ofthe the French attitude and see how howimposs howimposs howimposs imposs ble acceptance of a Greek Greekgovernment Greekgovernment Greekgovernment government such as that could be beto beto beto to groups th nking nkmg as the French FrenchresIstance Frenchresistance Frenchresistance resIstance groups thInkThere thinkThere think thinkThere There is every reason to bel belevethat eve evethat evethat that the leftist m rmvement movement wement in 10 Greec Greed Greedand Greec"and Greecand " and elsewhere elsev.here elsevhere . in m Europe eve even evenwhere eveowhere ! ) where " , here tl ti U e majority of their leaders leadersmay leadersmay leadersmay may be led by communists commuDlsts ( as was wasnot wasnot wasnot not the case in Greece ) is actually at atheart atheart atheart heart a drive dnve aga nst tyranny andtov andtoward and Jtoward tov toward . ard democracyHere democracyHere democracy democracyHere Here again agam it might be wise to toexamine toexamine toexamine examine some of the opm opus on ex expressed expressed ! , pressed by Frenchmen now back backmg backing 109 mg the De Gaulle provis provls onal gov government government government ernment \ which hlch is a product of the thelorces theforces theforces lorces forces similar to those operating operatmg 10 in 10other inother inother other liberated countriesThe countriesThe countries countriesThe The lead ng ed tonal tOrlal in the theDecember theDecember theDecember December issue of Free France Francethat Francethat Francethat that attractive and [ informal Informat format ve ye vemagaz yemagaz vemagaz magaz ne publ puhl shed in New York by bythe bythe bythe the French provis provls proves onal government governmentg g ves yes the reasons tor for the change of ofatt ofatt ofatt att tude to vard yard the French com corn communlsts cornmonists cornmunists munlsts monists as follo\\ follo follows follos \ s 1 The French communist party partyjomed partyjoined partyjoined jomed joined the res stance movement and andlater andlater andlater later gave its allegiance to De DeGaulle DeGaulle DeGaulle Gaulle s nat onal committee 2 The corn com ntern was d ssolved 3 The communists commuDlsts rendered m in mvaluable invaluable invaluable valuable a ad d to the resIstance resIstancemovement resistancemovement resistancemovement movement 4 The striking colla collaborat bora t on of all allFrench allFrench allFrench French pair patr ots in m the undergrou d dstruggle dstruggle dstruggle struggle removed many preJUdICeS preJUdICeSmclud prejudicesrnclud prejudicesmclud mclud rnclud ng the suspicion of com corn commUDIsis cornmunisls cornmunists mUDIsis munisls sans patne path ( a pol pal tical deal ticalgroup dealgroup ticalgroup group w \ th lh 10) 10 by loidlt3 ) .It It ally . ) to no fatherland ) The cd ed tors of Free France cau cautlously cautlously cautlously tlously state that it is too early to toanswer toanswer toanswer answer the important question questionHave questionHave questionHave Have the French commun common sts ac aceepted accepted accepted eepted cepted democracy as it is under understood understood understood stood by the western westprn democrac democra democrat c es cs7Nevertheless ? Nevertheless they note lor for the rec tee record teeord record ord that so tar far the commun sts stshelped stshelped stshelped helped to draw up the National Re Reslstance Resistance Resistance slstance sistance council program of March March1944 1944 tacitly accept ng the dem"crat demcrat democrat democratic dem"cratlC democratis " lC is |