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Show THE |GENERAL 4/ JOHNSON LAGS... D.C. > Three days of observation of Wendell Willkie have been eye-openers to me-well as I thought I knew him. This column isn't going to make the mistake it made in 1936 and take a strong partisan position. But it feels a certain sense of responsibility for insisting on the availability of this man for almost two years and getting a good many raspberries for its alleged ‘‘goofiness."' The "eye-opener" was this guy's sturdy independence. I think he is another, but a pleasanter, Grover Cleveland. I sensed, and sometimes saw, the strongest kinds of pulls and pressures applied to him in these few days. Some of them were from the mightiest of political leaders. Others were of the modern telegraph-barrage variety-‘‘Speaking for 6,000,000 farmers, we urge'; "Speaking for 21,000,000 Catholics, we demand"; ‘‘As representative of 13,000,000 Negroes we ask''; "If you won't do so-and-so, you will lose New York state and the whole Atlantic seaboard."' The carididate answers genially and courteously. He checks facts from every source he can command. He continues to pursue the even tenor of his way and thought with a smiling urbanity that seems a miracle to me. I know only one other man who could take such pushing, pulling and yawing with as much good nature, as little disturbance of his convictions and as little loss of sleep. His name is Franklin Roosevelt. I do not for a moment mean to suggest that Wendell Willkie is a stubborn dogmatist. He is just the reverse of that. He has the usual business habit of putting up an alert defensive to any professional sales talk. But he also uses the efficient business man's practice of overlooking no promising ‘‘proposition'' and of getting every fact and expert opinion available before he decides. There has been a good deal of speculation about why I went to Colorado Springs. Mr. Willkie asked me to come to give my opinion on certain aspects of the farm, labor and defense problems, with all of which I have had some experience and have expressed strong views. Well, he winnowed_ whatever brains I have with a fine-tooth comb, so far as I know accepted nothing, put up as able and well informed debate as I have yet encountered- and left me in complete ignorance as to his final judgment. To me, all this seems a good sign. The greatest blunder in a recent government has been, I think, a sort of trout-like snapping at and swallowing whole of any attractive brainstorm, with little or no attempt to get an objective analysis or hear any worthwhile contrary opinion. Of one thing I am sure. Nobody is going to shove this shaggy Hoosier around, sell him any gold bricks or push him off of any important moral position, for the sake of any expedient political advantage. The latter has, to my knowledge, been vainly attempted with dire threats of defeat if Willkie did not instantly knuckle. He just laughed. He has another quality of Franklin Roosevelt. Nobody rejected ever goes away mad. But while the President accomplishes this by saying, "Yes, yes, yes-you are perfectly right,"" and then acts just as he pleases; Mr. Willkie somehow manages to keep them cheerful with something like: ‘‘Yours received and contents noted. I will study it carefully. Just now it looks lousy''or "attractive,'"' as the case may be. I still say he would be a great President. Dz, Ly LPhillips "WNU Servies, ‘ ("Nazi Germany has prohibited. the enameling of nails by women, also lip rouge and the wearing of slacks in public. It brands these customs as pagan." -News item.) To Is One slaughter and to pillage quite a proper course; bomls the Red Cross emblem Without the least remorse; To lie and trick There are some vital factual questions which should be considered against all this juramentado thirdterm hokum., Are these vessels "obsolete''? If so, how can it be urged that the life of the British navy depends on them? and threaten Is something big and fine But polished nails and lip rouge- They are a pagan sign! IL. To tear up written treaties- Ah, that is quite okay; To break the solemn promise- It's done by us each day! To jump on little nations Is not wrong in the least, But lacquer on a lady- It truly marks the beast! III. Machine-gunning the aged Is something done in stride; Great racial persecutions Just help to swell our pride; A blitzkrieg is a process Most civilized and gay- But fingernails when colored They mark the heathen way. IV: To set the world on fire Is quite a normal act; To terrorize a planet Is normal; it's a fact! The U-boat and the bomber We do not think unkind But slacks upon a woman Reveal a savage mind. V. A gas mask on a baby, Ah, there's a pretty sight! An ambulance when burning Is perfectly all right; A child in bombproof shelter Is nothing very sad, But lip rouge on a woman- Ach, Gott! but that is bad! e * * Tokyo is terribly indignant because Uncle Sam has decided not to sell her any more gasoline. Nations that chase democracies up dark alleys and run over them every chance they get can't see what on earth could make a democracy stop furnishing the gas and oil. * oe * HOME EMERGENCY The way the Yanks are going, why isn't it a good idea to forget about giving those 50 destroyers to England and give them to Joe McCarthy? a * a The question put by the French court to all those former leaders will be obviously, ‘‘Do you plead guilty or guilty?'' * 3 o The treasury department reports that there were only 50 Americans in 1938 with incomes of more than a million dollars. And nobody is more surprised over it than the Americans with the incomes. + " * * Quentin Reynolds calls Genera) De Gaulle ‘"‘The Man Who Didn't Quit." He's one Gaulle, says Dinah Shore, whom Hitler would like to divide into three parts. + ~~ * Nothing stumps Mayor LaGuardia of New York. Now he addresses 200 housewives on how to cook and run a home. ‘Never throw away a soupbone," he warns. "It isn't economy."' ‘Cook a pie," advises the mayor, ‘‘only when you have a roast on, so that you will save fuel." ‘‘Nonsense," cries Elmer Twitchell, the great pastry lover. ‘"‘Never cook a roast unless you have a pie on.'' a oe + Nothing in years has made us feel that our national safety is so insecure as the recent newspaper and newsreel pictures of three pudgy, middle-aged United States congressmen on their knees, aiming army rifles at cameras, and all under the caption, ‘‘Study United States Defenses."' PROOFS * By LANSING CALLAWAY Washington, D. C. (Released by Western Newspaper Union.) DWARD A. McGRADY, assistant secretary of labor was on his way to Toledo, Ohio. The time was 1935 and there was a strike in progress there. To Mr. McGrady it seemed that there was always a strike in progress in Toledo; and that he was spending the greater part of his career commuting back and forth between that city and Washington. To a great many people in Toledo the same things were beginning to be DESPERATE Record Is Impressive. Mr. McGrady sought to change all this. How well he succeeded is shown in the figures released for this Labor day. In the last five years the city of Toledo has assisted in averting 165 potential strikes, in which 32,224 employees were involved. Included in this. were 52 cases in which a strike definitely had been voted. In addition the city government assisted in settling, peacefully and quickly 47 strikes in which the comparatively small number of 5,617 employees figured. Some of these Strikes were called without the knowledge of the city administration, others in spite of efforts to avert them. Also the city assisted in settling one lockout in which 100 men were involved, and it looked in on 42 other disputes representing 2,874 employees, but for various reasons was not able to contribute toward a settlement. Virtually all of the latter, however, eventually were settled by the parties directly involved, without ‘outside' intervention. The grand total: 265 disputes handled; 41,478 employees involved. Riots: None. Savings in wages and potential losses to owners, stockholders: Millions. After One Year +. THAT IT'S A CRAZY WORLD Neville Chamberlain says he is not for appeasement. A Democrat has won the Republican nomination for the presidency. Adolf Hitler is spending the summer in Paris. The Brooklyn baseball club looks like a pennant winner. Henry Ford has said "Yes" to a proposition from President Roosevelt. : The Foch peace car is now in Berin. The European war enters its second year on the first of September. During its first year it saw the complete disappearance of seven countries. Seven countries were overrun during the first year of the war, and two others lost land to invaders. Following is a calendar of the [ principal events which occurred during the past year: September 1-Germany invades Poland. Danzig "returns to the Reich.'' September 3 - Chamberlain and Daladier announce their nations are at war with Germany. September 17-Russia invades Poland. November 30-Russia invades Finland. March 13-Finnish-Russian peace treaty is signed in Moscow. April 9-Germany occupies Denmark and invades Norway. April 15-Allied troops land in Norway. May 2-Allies withdraw from Norway. May 10-Germany invades Belgium, the Netherlands, and Luxembourg. Winston Churchill becomes prime minister. May 14-Netherlands capitulates, and Queen Wilhelmina flees to Lon- St. Augustine, Fla.; Celebrates F ounding ST. AUGUSTINE, FLA.-The oldest city in the United States will have its second childhood when it celebrates its 375th birthday on September 7, 8 and 9. Catholic clergymen from throughout the country will gather to commemorate this city's founding and the birth of Catholicism in America. It was here that the first mass in the U. S. was sung. SCARCITY years of delay, and after facing what may be a desperate tin shortage, the state department is about to negotiate a contract with the Bo- livian government for the purchase LOATING of about half of Bolivia's tin output. This tin ore United States will be shipped for refining to the in newly established tin smelters. This is a big achievement for Bolivian Minister Guachalla who, for four years, has been hammering home at the state department the idea that which the Bolivia has something United States needs vi- tally. : But it by no means solves the tin problem for the United States, for Bolivia's production meets only apparent. The industrial wrangling had begun in 1934, labor and industry had become almost literal armed camps and the name of the city was on the front pages from Boston to San Diego. Two men had been left dead in the city's streets, hundreds had been injured in fighting and hatreds were being aroused that forecast trouble for years to come. But this time, after the immediate business at hand had been settled, Mr. McGrady wired his Washington office that he wouldn't be home right away. He was staying over in Toledo in the hope of getting to the base of the recurrent trouble and obviate the necessity of his constant excursions to Toledo. What Mr. McGrady had in mind was that it seemed to be nobody's business or concern if the city's industrial life flowed smoothly or was threatened with disruption. During the days when a potential industrial break was forming, and might most easily be adjusted, no one did anything about it. The situation was allowed to drift. Even when some of the large and bitter strikes were in progress, there was no agency at work to get the city's life back to normal. TIN It hasn't leaked out yet, but after Scenes of strike violence like that shown above are things of the past in Toledo, O., since the Toledo Peace Board years ago began Industrial to function in using "horse-sense" five to a just difficulties between labor and employers. Thousands of dollars have been saved to workers, employers and the city as a result. Edward A. MceGrady, left, former assistant secretary -f labor, who helped Toledo business men and labor representatives the board in 1935. Cost to the city, $6,450. "If Toledo can do that, why can't any other city?'' is a question sometimes asked and also, ‘"‘Has Toledo discovered any secret technique in averting industrial disputes?"' Model for Others. The answers, respectively, are that any other community can do likewise, and that Toledo has not discovered any method of ‘‘passing miracles'' but rather has applied old-fashioned, garden-variety horsesense to differences between men and management. Briefly Mr. McGrady set up on that final visit to Toledo, back in 1935, what is known as the Toledo industrial peace board. It includes five men from the ranks of management, five from labor, and one full-time director. These 10 since have added eight others to their ranks, attorneys, judges and clergymen to represent the public. The board is an integral part of the city government, but it has no authority to ‘‘crack down'"' on anyone. It issues .no ‘‘publicity releases.'' It cannot vote on who is right or who is wrong. It does not even express such opinions publicly. Mr. McGrady set up the first board himself. He went to the Chamber of Commerce and he thumped the table. There was a great deal of reluctance. There was a lot of honest skepticism. But he got a promise of co-operation. Then he went before the Toledo Central Labor union. Strangely enough he met the same reaction. ‘You need not fear such a board,"' said Mr. McGrady. ‘‘It will not interfere in any way with your right to strike. Co-operation by labor and management with such a board will be entirely voluntary. What have you to lose by trying?" The answer was that no one had anything to lose by trying. The two critical disputes involving thousands and thousands of men (ChevroletToledo division, General Motors, of War in Kurope os NEW VERSION You are a guardsman now, You are a guardsman now; To stay in one state Your chance isn't great- You are a guardsman now. eo Apart from any such quibbling as Josh Lee is doing to make a mockery of statutory and treaty obligations, let's not overlook the Alabama claims. They involved, in the main, only two wooden ships. What would 50 destroyers involve; UTAH Labor Peace and Banishment of Strikes Is Record of Toledo Industrial Board Ae * THOSE 50 DESTROYERS NEW YORK.-The fight to sell 50 of our destroyers to Britain is led by the two whirling dervishes of the third-term assault on American tradition-the glamorous Senators Josh Lee and Claude Pepper. Each has a right to be as fanatical as he pleases-as Pepper is for Old Doc Townsend's cruel deceit of the aged; as Josh is for the uncompensated confiscation of property. Both schemes would wreck beyond repair the economic strength of this country in a time of great danger. During our Civil war, Great Britain permitted swift Confederate commerce destroyers to be fitted out in British ports. They gave the fina] push to our once-supreme merchant marine-a blow from which it never recovered. Our protests continued for years. The British finally admitted that for this sort of illegal participation in undercover war, the offending country is responsible in damages for every loss its unlawful act has imposed. MOAB. MRD RAAT don as her country falls. May 28-King Leopold of Belgium surrenders. June 2-British war ministry announces that four-fifths of the B. E. F. has been evacuated from Flanders. June 5-The German Somme offensive begins at dawn. June 10-Mussolini announces Italy's entry into the war against the allies. June 14-Germans occupy Paris. June 17-Henri Philippe Petain, succeeding Reynaud as premier of France, asks Germany for an armistice. June 22-In the same ‘Armistice car'' at Compiegne where Germany sued for peace in 1918, French delegates accept German terms. June 24-French delegates accept Italy's armistice terms. July 3-British seize, destroy, or bottle up a major part of the French navy. July 19-Hitler, addressing Reichstag, warns Britain to yield or be destroyed. August 2-British arrest two prominent Japanese in London. August 15 - Germany launches mass aerial blitzkrieg on England. Greek cruiser sunk by unknown submarine. St. Augustine was founded by Menendez on September 8, 1685. The first mass to be said on American soil was then given by Father Frajales, who had accompanied Menendez from Spain. Although several other cities claim to be the oldest, St. Augustine was the only one to be continuous. Several others died, only to be resettled in later years. Three hundred players wil] take part in the fiestas and pageants. Spanish senoritas, caballeros, British, French and Spanish soldiers will be arrayed in period costumes. March, 1935; and Toledo company, June, 1935) had city exhausted, emotionally dustrially. Solid Support. form Edison left the and in- Toledo's three newspapers gave solid support to the plan. Cautiously, each side watching the other from the sides of their eyes, the first meeting was held. McGrady presided and did most of the speaking. He promised to assign to the board as its full-time director Lee S. Harding, a federal mediator. The functions of the board were outlined and it was decided to go ahead, although every one of the men at that first meeting since has confessed that he agreed with a great deal of suspicion. But during the following six months the board assisted in settling seven disputes without loss of a single day of work. Five strikes that already were being long drawn settled. showing about one-half of this country's normal requirements. To tide over the present tin crisis, the national defense commission contracted to buy 75,000 tons of refined tin from the Dutch and British East Indies. This is enough to last for one year, but the question is, will it ever be delivered? The answer is doubtful. Only 12,000 tons can arrive by January 1, and even this may be held up by German defeat of England or a Japanese blitzkrieg on the Dutch East Indies. 5 Most amazing feature of the deal is that the national defense commission is not attempting to buy new tin ore from the Far East, but only the refined, metallic tin. In other words, the tin is to be refined in the Far East, then shipped here. Reason for this is: (1) because the British put a 50 per cent tax on the export of crude ore to keep us from setting up a tin smelting business of our own; and (2) because the state department still is following a policy of dealing gently with British interests. In other words, while we will set up a system of temporarily smelting Bolivian tin in the United States, the British still will attempt to hang on to their monopoly by smelting as much as possible themselves and up to a point high U. S. offtcials seem reluctant to break away from the British system. signs of out struggles were There was no street fighting. No one was hurt. The vast Toledo industrial area was working full blast. Payrolls and production were on schedule. Workers had money to spend. Merchants were pleased. The people of Toledo also began to sit up and realize that something new had arrived on the scene. Much to the surprise even of the board members, they too were finding their suspicions of each other allayed; confidence and reason were taking the place of animosity. If a labor situation became menacing, the director of the Toledo Industrial Peace board offered his services to both sides. He sought a fair compromise and offered it for consideration. But he never ordered any side to do anything. If the situation reached such a spot where the director felt he was not making progress, the entire board was called into session. The board offered its services, at times it even offered suggestions. While it never voted on whether a question was right or wrong, the important element was that within the city, at least, there was an agency charged with the task of keeping industry running and dissipating disputes before they reached the troublesome stage. Public Prestige. In March, 1936, Harding was recalled to Washington, but the Toledo city council decided the board was desirable, and decided to continue it as a regular part of municipal government, with a paid director. On the recommendation of McGrady, board members engaged a newspaper man, Edmund Ruffin, as director. Ruffin had covered all of the previous strikes. After being director for more than four years, Ruffin Says he has no cut and dried procedure in approaching or working out disputes. "I know many industrialists and labor officials, and I try to keep informed as to what is going on in the way of organization programs , negotiating of new and succeedi ng agreements," Ruffin explained. "If I hear of a deadlock, I may offer my services to both parties, or one or the other may call me. "After I get into a dispute, I listen to an outline of viewpoint by each group, usually in a joint meeting. After that, I throw in general suggestions as may come to mind, or may offer some specific procedure to which all may agree, Various offices in Toledo have received hundreds of inquiries as to how the Toledo board was established, how it operates and what it has accomplished. These offices include the Toledo Chamber of Commerce, Which has given quiet support to the board; the headquarters of the various labor organizations, which, from the start have indicated their endorsem ent by Co-operating; and also a group known as Toledo Associate s, an organization of men whose chief purpose is to publicize Toledo's true industrial picture, ok cs * NEW AGRICULTURE SECRETARY It looks as if Franklin Roosevelt was going to play the cards close to his chest and go into the campaign without much enlargement of his official family. For his new secretary of agriculture, replacing Henry Wallace, will be promoted from the ranks. He is Claud R. Wickard of Indiana, now undersecretary of agriculture, an able gentleman, but carrying no political weight and of no great help to Roosevelt or Wallace in a presidential year. Paul H. Appleby, Wallace's right hand assistant, and the man who vigorously urges Wickard's promotion, will step up as undersecretary. swan, silently, this surrounded by lilies, will add a note of che puch your bathroom as a useful h fault+ mat. Natural colors may be or grays, black and white, prefer. sft's the Order Z8541, 15 cents, is }" iron transfer for the rug abe™ by 30. Directions for hg and instructions for makin; frames are included. Send se to: AUNT MARTHA Box 166-W Kansas City, Enclose 15 cents for each pat desired. Name Pattern No......ccccoce $0 0660000 0090000008000 Address COSHH HOH uEE EE SEES EE SELES Strange F ac. / All One-Sided |eowill: 400 Trees Apiece |e © | Bordering the U. S, e t ys admir @ One-sidedness in a pers » Mac shown not only in the use hand, but also in the use f, at ba fe name eye and the foot. In other¥ a left-handed individual ye" " gg veteran mally use his left eye to lod a microscope ad calen se, They | 4 vassals and his leftf kick an object out of the way - YS ais as half @ The quantity of wood thi average person utilizes durigmers k jus course of his life-in hou struction, furniture, musi¢ bad wol struments, motorcars, sp goods, pencils, magazines, now how papers, books and other eH it w ticles-is equivalent to nat feet of about 400 large trees. ai, "is qui -0s-= @ When the moon is a creme sets the light that makes the whop™lis hind faintly visible is earthshine, /lency sunlight that is reflected pit alway earth. At that time of the m™ these earthshine on the moon is est ca0 | ed to be 12 times as bright ran be ne light of a full moon on the pit some = bervation. q@ Although the land area : ada is nearly 500,000 square most horse larger than that of the Re kes States, almost 90 per Centh wb troub population live within 200 m the American sto Cons; border. --iitheock j to bri success, : be answ mid is‘p ihorsea over. * AMBASSADOR CUDAHY New recipe for political success: get a diplomatic post, speak out of turn, take a spanking for it, then announce for political office. The recipe was set by James H. R. Cromwell, whose remarks as minister to Canada brought him a state department reprimand. He is now running for the Senate. Same recipe apparently may be followed by John Cudahy, ambassador to Belgium, who rode in high spirits through his White House reprimand the other day, and is being urged for governor of Wisconsin. In fact, the President himself, before the ‘‘spanking'' was over, urged Cudahy to run. a " # WILLKIE REVAMPS CAMPAIGN MACHINERY In some G. O. P. quarters Willkie's protracted western stay drew discreet but critical protests. He was wasting valuable time, came the complaints, handling too much organizational detail himself. It was true that the tousle-haired Republican standard bearer did occupy himself extensively with organ- ization details. But he did not waste time-as plenty of old-line Republican politicos are privately, and very grumpily, attesting. He was far too busy to suit them or see much of them. For the big untold story taturalj Myers, So ton when I gi PERSONALS EVERY WOMAN'S FRIEN)tike op th bss than 4266 Melrose Ave., HOLLY WOOD, mi th), he ee the new set-up, units, made the committee network the good things high relief portant. of life im" made that the rest iste HOW ARE YOUR Cranky? Restless? Can't sleep? Tire a Worried due to female functional Then try Lydia E. Pinkham's Veg? Compound famous for helping such weak, women. Start today! WNU-W Till We over 60 rundown, a~* ten "1 8s yea ited to the Meet le The joys of meeting Pe horses pangs of absence; else whd* bear it?-Rowe. ht --a a local relegated Playing first fddle in Willkie's new organization ere the 800 Willkie clubs dotting every state, and the "‘inde- pendent Democrats" organization headed by ex-Roosevelt office holders Johnny Hanes, former undersecretary of the treasury, and Lewis ern former budget director. Di- organizations Ing to carry on which him he is depend- into House. f He is convinced that the to be White elected € must win the big ‘floating'? mass of independent votes. a mu WE ang © do m Salt Lake's NEWEST ae Republi- y controlled by Willkie and his personal lieutenants, these are the People Fld years 0 ! up largely of veteran professionals, have been t© 4 secondary role. Said horses, haye the; behind and is n 8 dothir Mnething and its na- of state s that a jur Only Important" Smethi ey ca Happiness is the gift of Good It's a closely guarded secret but tion-wide ‘ ; Dr. Murray's Hygienic Powder. S mail. 10c (coin). MURRAY M Willkie's long and mysterious labors can national : ppl in Colorado is that he completely revamped the traditional G. O. P. campaign machinery. under ' = Washington, TIMES-INDEPENDENT, TEMPLE SQUA Opposite Mormon Tem pe HIGHLY RECOMMENDEE® Rates $1.50 to $3.00 It's a mark of distinction to! at this beautiful hoste ERNEST C. ROSSITER, |