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Show EW S 2 . W H4y-O Ruth Wyeth Spears «3% MOAB, UTAH THE TIMES-INDEPENDENT, Kathleen Norris Says: Canadian Memorial Recalls Career of A Judge and Humorist Who Contributed To the Evolution of Our ‘Uncle Sam All, Ever? at Enemies Why (Bell Syndicate-WNU Service.) ||; The high compartment hag a ‘| door of plywood. Below ‘this are shelves with a curtain on a shade roller. The curtain runs up and down between the shelves ang scalloped board that frames closet, as shown at the left, board is % inch thick ang four| ~ inches wide. The scallops were marked by drawing around a tes, ™ cup and saw. were cut out with a jig | sss TICKING ON A SHADE ROLLER NOTE: -ER LAUNDRY BAG SIANGS UNDER SHELF VERY Homemaker knows how E many steps could be saved if table linens could have a special closet in the kitchen or pantry. In one home that we know of space to atta for such a closet Net te all because cupboard doors é aniiien would conflict with the the wa ree door shown here a hc you see h. At the right Sat mace became an efficient linen closet after all-complete even to a smart laundry bag for soiled | napkins and table covers. First known cartoon bolical figure United States. Punch in 1844, By ELMO (Released SCOTT WATSON Newspaper Union.) OU may never have 'Y heard of Thomas Chandler Haliburton, Canadian barrister and judve, who died in England 75 years ago this month. But you, as an American, should have good reason to remember Thomas Chandier Haliburton, author. For he was the creator of "Sam Slick, the Connecticut Clockmaker'' and Sam Slick provided one of the elements out of which gradually evolved our symbolical figure of Uncle Sam. More than that, he had an influence on and contributed largely to a type of humor which we have come to regard as typically American. So, even though few Americans know that such a man as Thomas Chandler Haliburton ever existed -or have forgotten it if they did know, we have more than a passing interest in a project now under way up in Canada. The Haliburton estate at Windsor, Nova Scotia, is being rehabilitated and a noted painter, Sir Wyly Grier, has been commissioned by the government of Nova Scotia to do a full-length, life-size painting of the man who created Sam Slick and whose writings, a hundred years ago, were delighting readers not only in Canada but in the United States and England as well. Haliburton, the scion of an ancient Scottish family, was born in Windsor in 1796. Educated at King's college in Nova Scotia he was admitted to the bar in "Sam Slick," after a drawing made by Leech, artist for Punch, who made the drawings for the English books. editions of Haliburton's vants were as mirth-provoking as his satires on life among the Yankees. As for the influence of Haliburton and ‘‘Sam Slick'? on American humor and American literature in general, a writer in the Dearborn Independent several years ago declared that "Bill Nye, Artemus Ward, ‘Mrs. Partington', O. Henry, all have lighted their brands at one time or another at the torch of Judge Haliburton. Certainly no other book produced on this continent has had so widespread and unmistakable an influence."' This writer then goes on to point out that ‘‘Mark Twain's ‘A Connecticut Yankee at King Arthur's Court' is an emanation from ‘Sam Slick, the Connecticut Clockmaker.' ‘Innocents Abroad' is inspired by the same model." Not only did later writers get ideas for characters and situations from Haliburton but they also used some of his words and expressions verbatim verbatim. For, commentater or almost as this same points out, ‘The one most quoted expression from ‘UncleTom's Cabin' is that ‘Topsy' ‘just growed.' That is cribbed directly from ‘Sam Slick' who was read and quoted in Harriet Beecher Stowe's family, as he was in 1820, later was elected to the house of assembly of the colony, was raised to the bench of common pleas in 1829 and in 1840 became a judge of the supreme court. In the midst of his judicial duties, he found time to write a series of sketches for the local newspapers. In one of these he satirized the character of the New England Yankee in the person of "Sam Slick of Slickville, Onion County, Connecticut," a newspaper paper called oe "iat the Nova . ge Bigg and bow tie in > he swallow-tailed collar, bow tie and represents the is coat, tall hat spirit Connecticut Yankee."' Haliburton a Haliburton issued an Eng&| : "Bect Beller. the Historian. was not a equaled. of to in has never been fed' and West, fancy but it originated our | in America'' the first Middle authoriit comes infrom tative history and of Nova Scotia. In- || ‘Sam Slick' who always described | cidentally, Longfellow is said women in the terms which he | have drawn part of his inspira-to || uses for horses, one of his most | tion for writing ‘Evangeline' ‘fine forn | from this history. But Judge| Haliburton could not be very se- | contribu- | rious even about his serious work. | our sym- | Concerning this history he once Sam, this | said that ‘"‘Next to Mr. Slick's His- were devoted to ‘‘The Clockmaker."' The fourth was called "‘Wise Saws and Modern Instances" and the fifth "‘The Attache, or, Sam Sam striped trousers held down by long straps, the symbolical Uncle Sam-we all, there were five volumes in which ‘‘Sam Slick'' was the principal character. Three of them in England." In since history began; the conquered ¢ountry only awaiting its rise and struggle again. hour to To the Strong. One country pushes great business ventures into another. The invaded country protests; its currency stands at a ruinous value, the richer country, pouring its merchants in, carrying off treasure in its ships, is draining it of its wealth, after year. So an the latter appears as an attache to the American legation in London and his shrewd and humorous obser. vations on the upper classes of England and their pampered ser- are apt to think that he was hit upon by someone. in a moment of inspiration and pictorially set forth to symbolize the United States. Not at all. This figure is ‘Sam Slick,' the hero of ‘The Clockmaker, or the Doings of Sam Slick of Slickville,' as con- ceived by Judge Haliburton and as drawn by Hervieu, a French- man, and Leech, the artist, who made Punch famous, to illustrat e the English editions.'' A glance at the illustrations at the top of this article wil] demonstrate the credibility of that theory. In the centér is the figure of "Sam Slick,'"' as delineated by authoritative account of important things I have seen.'' However, unever the government authorities of Nova Scotia thought enough of it to recognize it with a ceremonious speech of appreciation in the house of assembly. In 1850 Haliburton retired from the supreme court and went to England to live. In 1859 he was elected as a conservative in the house of commons and held his seat there until its dissolution in 1865. Because of ill health, he declined a re-election. The University of Oxford conferred the degree of D. C. L. upon him a short time before his death at Isleworth, England, on August 27, 1865. WHY booklets, contains 33 of clever ideas fully illys. trated and a description of the other numbers. To get your Copy | fr send order to: SPEARS wie MES. pede id medterd Mitte Enclose 10 cents for Book 5. NaMe€ «seeeseeee | Address .......cssecccscesssescesses WAR? Kathleen Norris makes a bold and revealing study of this important question. In her opinion, war is natural-in Europe. Miss Norris points out that for centuries the only "legitimate" way for a nation to increase in wealth or size has been seizure. She finds that nations cry "Peace!" only when they have their arms full of booty which some other nation might try to steal back. ter thing has been put into ioned and stupid as to think brutal possible terms upon their en- Cry ‘Peace' Oh. of co With th Pockets oe But as gaye ce baie uprising that has no country right hence- to do so; That doesn't matter. The better wears.) nt 5 eclairs! rea eng beeps They babe" But. one somethin garrison start a nd fashi ST ee it, take every advantage of its poverty, its helplessness. A Vicious Cycle. 1 It would be a silly waste of time | SPOS. to enumerate the repetition of this endless process. It has for 19 hundred years betes considered the right process. Armies of invasi have been formally bl d: bothering ages ane = it in hon- - great her nation sh 4 b eae : Ok has ac ek 8 Switch to som ething you'll like! MADE BY KELLOGG'S Wit Predominates are forty men of wit There one man of IN BATTLE CREEK A Tragedy A good man dies when goes wrong. to sense, THAT'S WHAT I LIKE ABOUT CAMELS... THEY GURN SLOWER AND {| HAVE AGRAND EXTRA FLAVOR a boy E MY BUDGET LIKES THE EXTRA SMOKING [zs IN CAMELS, TOO Wa Her Y thin : EXTRA MILDNESS EXTRA ee COOLNESS FXTRA After the great war she in- nocently protested against the complacent partition and theft that was going on so gaily among the allies. It wasn't her way to rob a fallen none ORIGINAL ters ee y. | enemy, even under the dignified dis. Ce Oe "treaty." She would have See aoffered ae ers have been fervently that they may be successful in murdering on a larger scale than their enemies. Territories seized, in our lifetime, by successful troops, have been serenely occupied and claimed by the triumphant countries. This was the old way. Let's not be too hasty, therefore, in condemning those nations that stil] cling to it as the right way. For the surprising and wonderful thing is not that men still have faith in war, but that ANY nation begins to feel-and some nations are beginning so to feel-that there is something wrong with it. War is the natural thing. Children are born fighters; might rules in the nursery until some bet- gait -__ hn Kelloge - d er ci ee ast pos tesdied, Ween teen ah ste os this; and E help you buy3 that." armedbleedcountry has country won. Itwhite, can now the other gucat Sat = say watt. Full. "oo in Perhaps the ruler who gives | ™©, witt THE eat emies, they are pained and surprised that any country is still talking of reprisals and impositions. ‘"‘Why must you go on fussing about what we stole from you?"' they ask plaintively. ‘‘We are rich and comfortable and satisfied, and it's becoming extremely old-fashioned to go on fighting this way. If you haven't enough oil wells or wheat fields or seaports-forget it! We're using all we need, and we mean to hold several we don't need, and that's all there is to it!'' Anything like conferences, concessions, understandings, plans, maps -anything like sympathy with your neighbors, friendly talks, payments, apparently never enters the heads of European leaders. When they become frightened over the weakness of their positions then they begin feverishly to arm. Arms are still the only arguments, on the other side of the water. tory powers ual a) ge that guns are arguments. Having for hundreds of years forced the most country has an excuse for sending men and guns, and smashing down an unarmed people's pride and power, and holding military and mandarights FLAKE small hearts and minds. And war has ruled the world for a long, long time. Go ‘Moral' to Protect Booty. But now, partly because of the modern educators of newspapers, news reels, telegraph, radio, suddenly great countries begin to be a little ashamed of their long histories of violence and conquest. They begin to hold up shocked hands at those bad countries that try to steal what they need, instead of just politely asking for it. They are horrified that anyone is still so old-fash- ent, leaving your house with his arms full of your possessions. They Say it as a rich sleepy old lady might to a noisy outburst from beggar children. of | those of the English | commentar The success of the first book sketches encouraged Bentley issue a second in 1838, a third 1840, and a fourth in 1844. In Slick The legitimate way for any nation to enlarge its wealth and extend its borders has always been by violence and seizure. For 2,000 years the battle has been to the strong; churches, philosophers, educators, politicians and the great mass of peoples have all agreed that if any nation COULD take a thing by force, that nation was legally entitled to it-until a more forceful nation came along. Victories have been shaky things, trembling along for a few years until the vanquished could gather strength enough to turn them into defeats. Age-old resentments have smouldered between countries ever forth. writer ran through 50 editions, a "‘best | same writer declares figure | tory of Cattyhunk in Five Vol-| seller' record which, considering | with his shrewd smile, "That his goatee, | umes, it (this history) is the most the time and the size of the bookpublic, As often happens, the phrase of a child fits a much larger situation than a child's mind can grasp. The idea of stopping all lending and borrowing, as soon as one has reached the point where one need no longer borrow, is applicable to the state of affairs in Europe today. family throughout the | humorous works only. stm "heY | every United other States... his works Some includedof || perhaps both sides.there is open treachery on «we use "the expression ‘corn | "‘Rulemoreand serious Misrule y ones being "The Clockmaker, or the Do-| fed.' " ings of Sam Slick of Slickville'"' As for "Sam Slick's" was first published in 1835 and | tion to the evolution of was an instantaneous success. It | bolical figure of Uncle buying By KATHLEEN NORRIS EARS ago when a small ¥Y brother of mine received as a birthday present what seemed to hima dazzlingly complete set of tools, he went out to speak to the fine old Portuguese who puttered about as a general carpenter and gardener and handy man on my father's farm. "T've been thinking about our tools, Joe,'' said eightyear-old Fred, ‘‘and I think the best rule for us now is no more borrowing and no more lending!"' of | year traces directly back to the typical American character created by a Canadian judge more than a hundred years ago-‘‘Sam Slick, the sen Howe. an editor of the | who immediately lish edition , . which still portrayed. The costume is the same as ‘‘Sam Slick's" and even the face resembles Sam's. The only difference is that Uncle Sam's trousers are striped. It will be noted that Uncle Sam was then a beardless young man. English and American cartoonists continued to portray him thus down to the days of the Civil war. Then Thomas Nast, one of the greatest cartoonists this country ever produced, began making some changes in Uncle Sam's appearance. It was Nast who put chin whiskers on him and made him the kindly old gentleman that we know. It is said that Nast had in mind Abraham Lincoln when he began depicting Uncle Sam. He also added the familiar starred vest and striped coat and put stars on his hat. Since that time, cartoonists generally have followed Nast's lead in portraying Uncle Sam. But the essential fact is that he is the tall gangling man in tight and in a fell itothetheEnglish Saale publisher cf When: asookBentley, homemaking 5, just published, pages Anything like conferences, concessions, understandings, plans, maps - enters the heads of European leaders. Arms are still the only arguments, on the other side of the water. America. Typifying America in | takes place, and an "episode" ocboth costume and spirit, he | curs, and then the richer, distant readers. Scotian, .lar trousers, ticated wit, droll speech and cleverness in using what he called "‘soft sawder'"' immediately made him a favorite with First published anonymously Leech, the artist for Punch. At the left is reproduced a_ picture which is generally accepted as the first known cartoon of a symbolical figure representing the United States. It appeared in Punch in 1844 and although the name of the artist is unknown it may have been Leech. At any rate, the resemblance between this figure and the figure of ‘‘Sam Slick,'' especially in the matter of costume and "‘longleggedness"' is striking. It represents a young man, of decidedly flippant tendencies, thumbing his nose at the spectators and was intended to depict the rowdy young nation of the United States. The symbol of this nation was "Brother Jonathan" as "John Bull" was the symbol of England. The First Uncle Sam. The picture on the right is usually regarded as the © first American cartoon of Uncle Sam. It was drawn by F. Bellow and was published in the New York Lantern, a comic weekly, on March 13, 1852. In it is pictured an amused young man, wearing the high beaver hat, tight trousers, low-cut waistcoat, high col- high clock- maker and peddler whoseunsophisknowledge of human nature, Canadian No. of First American cartoon of Uncle Sam, drawn by F. Bello and published in 1852. of a sym- representing the It appeared in by Western As a service to our reag. ers Mrs. Spears has prepared af series of it, The American Way. Earlier, she made the Louisiana purchase and paid for it, and France has never questioned her claims to it, nor hated her for having it. America, to a chorus of derisive laughter from Europe, paid for the Philippines. When she wanted Alaska, she bought it: Europe couldn't get over the joke! A great nation, with an army, buying a place that was undefended, almost unoccupied, and that could have been taken at the cost of only a few American and Russian lives! But America made a friend and not an enemy of Russia, and that isn't so bad an investment, in recent laboratory tests, Came THE ite Rs ; SMOKES im PA Hanis Se EXTRA FLAVOR "EXTRAS" WITH xn Me prince Sos diet ose ouell aaato nod aed whine PER GET BS than ave ere. the 15 slower other of thethelargest- reli CK! SSit, He ie fy the ey og SLOWER- BURNING CAMELS Ui . THE CIGA E OF COSTLIER TOBACCOS SS RETTe s MERCHANTS Your Adve rtising Dollar buys something more than space and circula tion in the columns of this newspaper. It buys space and circ ulation plus the fa vorable consideration of our readers for this newspaper and its advertising patrons. LET US TELL You MORE ABOUT IT |