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Show THE BULLETIN WHAT to EAT and WHY Two Americans Have Been Called "President-for-- a -Day" But Their Right to That Honor Is Doubtful By ELMO SCOTT WATSON at Philadelphia on July Western Newspaper Union. NINETY years ago this 1877. Normally, his successor, Rutherford B. Hayes, would have been inaugurated at noon on March 4. But again March 4 fell on a Sunday so Hayes did not take the oath of office until Monday noon, March 5. So by the same process of reasoning which gave Atchison the distinction of being "President for a day," Ferry, who was "acting vice president" y was also a President. At least one dictionary of American biography makes the assertion that Ferry was "President of the United States for the time intervening" between the end of Grant's term and Hayes' inaugu- spent in overheated houses, and without sufficient exer cise. So it is no wonder that the body is on trial . . . fight to ing to maintain health avoid the colds and other respiratory diseases that are so prevalent. This is, perhaps, one ... one-da- season when food has a mightier power than at any other time to influence physical ration. well-bein- g. are one of those who believe that David R. Atchison of Missouri was "President for a day" you should accord the same honor to Thomas White Ferry of So if you Technically, President James K. Polk's term of office expired on March 3, 1849, and, according to custom, his successor, Gen. Zachary Taylor should have been But inaugurated on March 4. March 4 came on a Sunday and because of this fact Taylor did sot take the oath of office until Monday, March 5. According to the familiar story, based upon a contemporary statement in the Congressional Globe, on March 3 George M. Dallas, vice president under Polk, announced in the senate, over which he was presiding, "The close of my official term being near at hand, I conform to an established and convenient practice by withdrawing from the deliberations of this body." Thereupon Senator Thomas Hart Benton of Missouri moved that DAVID R. ATCHISON the stroke of that hour Zachary Taylor became President even though he did not take the oath of office until two days later. Atchison's friends claimed for him not only the honor of having been President for a day but also that he was "the only President who had never been elected to either that office or the the only President from a state west of the Mississippi river and the only President who never signed his name as such." The claim in regard to the vice presidency is somewhat more valid than that of "President for a day." It was based upon these facts: When Franklin Pierce became President in 1853 Atchison was still a member of the senate. William R. King, who was elected vice president with Pierce, died in Cuba before he could be sworn into office and act as presiding officer of the senate. Atchison was chosen president pro tempore, which made him presiding officer of that body and as such was "acting vice president." As for the statement that he was "the only President from a state west of the Mississippi" that, of course, was no longer valid when Herbert Hoover was elected in 1928. As a matter of fact, Atchison had a career distinguished enough to guarantee his being remembered, even without the claim that he had been "President for a day." Born at Frog-towFayette county, Kentucky, on August 11, 1807, he was named for David Rice, a pioneer Presbyterian minister in that state, because his father, a man of strict religious convictions, hoped the boy would become a clergyman. However, young Atchison chose to become a lawyer and studied for that profession. A Famous Senator. Admitted to the bar in 1830, he began practicing in Liberty county, Missouri, and at the age of 27 he was elected to the state legislature. When he was 33 he was appointed judge of Platte county and within the same year he was appointed United States senator. For 14 years, from 1841 n to 1855, he was one of the members of the upper house of congress. Upon his retirement from public life he devoted his time to agriculture and died in Clinton county, Missouri, y; n, THOMAS W. FERRY his colleague, Senator David R. Atchison, be appointed president of the senate pro tern. Since the terms of President Polk and Vice President Dallas expired on March 3 and the term of President-elec- t Taylor did not begin until March 5, when he was inaugurated, it has been contended that Atchison was legally President for that one day, Sunday, March 4, 1849, even though he was not sworn in. This claim was based upon the presidential succession act, passed in 1792, which provided that in case of the death, removal, resignation or Inability of both the President and the vice president, the president of the senate should act as President until "the disability be removed or a President shall be elected." An early edition of the Biographical Congressional Direcbacked up this tory, claim by saying about his election as president of the senate pro tern "This office made him President of the United States during Sunday, March 4, 1849, as General Taylor was not sworn 1774-191- 1, until the following day," and the official Missouri manual for 1928 declared that he was "technically President of the United States until after the formal inauguration of President Taylor March 5." Not Legally President. However, a later edition of the Directory took the distinction away from him by eliminating any reference to his having been "President for a day." It says that he was president pro tempore of the senate March 4, 1849, but this falling on Sunday, he did not qualify until Monday, March 5, 1849, and was therefore not legally president pro tempore on Sunday, March 4." Therefore he was not legally President of the United States, best-know- January 26, 1886. Despite the fact that the "President for a day" distinction has been given to Atchison and a office ed either. Most historians support that view of the matter. They base their opinion upon the provision in the Constitution which requires that the President's oath of office shall be taken "before he enter upon the execution of his office" but not "before he shall become President." John Marshall, famous chief justice of the Supreme court, once declared that "the term of the actual President will expire and that of the commence at 12 President-elec- t in the night of thr third of Maich." Therefore James K. Polk was President until midMarch S. 18". "H nn rig - ZACHARY TAYLOR monument erected to him mainly because of it, he was not the only man for whom that claim could be made. In some respects it could more justifiably be applied to Thomas White Ferry, a United States senator from Michigan, when a situation similar to that of 1849 arose in 1877.. When Vice President Henry Wilson died in November, 1875, Ferry was chosen president pro tempore of the senate and as such was "acting vice president." n He presided over the electoral contest, at the impeachment trial of W. W. Belknap, secretary of war, and at 16 joint meetings of the two houses of congress. In the absence of President Grant, he further discharged the dutes of his temporary office by formally opcnine t'' Ontennial exposition Hayes-Til-de- a ticularly notable for their vitamin A. Don't overlook onions they are inexpensive, and a fine source of bulk. Served raw, they provide a substantial amount of vitamin C, the vitamin for which we espe cially prize oranges, grapefruit and tomatoes. Include a salad at dinner, luxvoh or supper; it is well for most normal individuals to eat some raw food daily. In cold weather, dress or energy values. That means ce t generously with salad dressing reals always, and some form of for extra fuel value. Dessert may be pie, pudding or breadstuff, pancakes or waffles. Cereals are primarily energy gelatin. The choice depends part the other foods served at foods, but they may also carry ly upon substantial amounts of precious dinner, partly upon the dessert mineral salts and vitamin B, to be served at the third meal ef Whole gram varieties are also a the day. Bnt here is a good general rale to follow. Serve a fruit good source of bulk or cellulose dessert g at one meal and a , . so necessary lor regular containing milk at the other. so often over health habits looked in diets that are carelessly Of course, the fruit need net be served plain unless you wish. planned. on the breakfast Fruit pies are splendid for cold Eggs belong weather meals, fruit and gelatin menu, too, because they are a combine nicely, and fruit may be And food. there protective must be fresh or stewed fruit incorporated in cakes, as in apple for vitamins, minerals and rough sauce cake. By C. HOUSTON GOUDISS end of winter we sometimes experience the TOWARD the coldest weather of the entire season. Tern- peratures remain below freezing for days at a time. The air is often raw and penetrating, and blustery winds make it seem as if man is being persecuted by nature. Moreover, this trying weather comes after months of short and often sunless days . . . days which many people have 4, 1876. at midnight on March 3, you believe the inscription on a statue which stands in Plattsburg, Mo. His name was David Rice Atchison and the statue was erected in 1928 because many Missourians believed that he was entitled to the distinction of being listed among the Chief Executives of the nation even though that claim to fame is based up on a technicality. Here is how it came about: "re-elect- ... Grant's term of office expired the United had a President for one day that is, it had if into should be served several times Advice to Homemakers on How to Feed Families During week for their iron and vitamins A, B, G, and sometimes C Coldest Days of Winter; Essential Nutritive These may be alternated with the yellow vegetables which are parValues Described in Terms of Everyday Foods Food Your First Defense ... pod-din- In general, women seem to be more aware of the power of food than men. This is fortunate, because they are charged age- Rounding Out Day's Nutrition with the solemn reBalancing the Big Meal Whether the third meal of the sponsibility of dewhat Whether the main meal of the day is lunch or supper in your termining foods their families day is served at noon or at night, household, it should round out the to help day's nutrition. If you need to shall eat. Since the it should be right food some- safeguard health, and appetizing, get more milk into the diet, let times makes the to make it so enjoyable that it will your lunch or supper include a difference between be digested efficiently. cream soup. If you haven't served sickness and health It should be built first of all eggs previously during the day, their husbands and around a protein food: meat; choose a souffle or a dish contain n children are the fresh, canned, or ing creamed eggs. A starchy unhappy losers if they fail to rec- fish: cheese, chicken, an egg dish, food, a salad, a dessert and a bev ognize the need for even one es or a casserole of hearty baked erage will complete a meal that beans. There should be an energy both satisfies the appetite and sential food substance. or white po meets nutritional requirements. Occasionally the homemaker'si food such as sweet or noodles, macaroni, rice, tatoes, difficult more is made task It is not difficult to obtain the by can this be com' frequently though s the idea h who quota of minerals, vitamins, day's food, as in that meals should be planned sci- bined with the protein carbohydrates cellulose, or beef stew. For and fats. protein, These substances are entifically, and who point out that cheese macaroni oc and palate pleasure, to be found In delicious, wholefeneration after generation sur variety vived without a specific knowledge casionally serve baked bananas some foods. All you need to reThey rank as an energy food, and member is not to serve too much of nutrition. also contribute important miner of one food and too little of anview fail this People who hold to take into consideration that als and vitamins. other. Let the balanced diet be your many of our ancestors consumed Vegetables Raw and Cooked a satisfactory diet without Knowideal and cold weather will prove There should be vegetables one a tonic instead of a possible mening it or two of them. Green leafy vege ace to health! 81. C. Houaton Goudlse-U-3B tables, either fresh or canned, Safeguarding Health one realize that also should They can suffer from dietary deficiencies and live . . . though he may A Quiz With Answers not live well! A man can exist uoon much less than the amount of iron required for normal on Various Subjects but he probably can health not escape secondary anemia. He may be able to get along on a 5. There are 9,600,000 miles of 1. What is the largest room in meager supply of vitamins . . . in the world, with almost States? United in highways the but the chances are that his vital- any building in the Americas and more 4,000,000 oldest Which 2. the And is diminished. be industry, will greatly ity than 3,500,000 in Europe. he will face the constant threat of tanning or pottery? 6. The 60 square miles owned 3. How many Islands are there disease that follows in the wake in the Philippine group? by the Delta & Pine Land Co. of lowered resistance. of Scott, Miss. of month twelfth to 4. is the foolish more Is than Why Nothing 7. No; some are red, green, when December called Is man eats the year suppose that what a white, violet or yellow. However, entirely bis own business! It is a decern means ten? 5. How many miles of highway the name sapphire is usually rematter of grave concern to his stricted to the blue variety. wife and children. For It has been are there in the world? 8. Anyone else's is the correct cotton the lf Where is 6. ef largest snrcested that folly form. In pronominal expressions the Illnesses ef the American peo- plantation in the United States? in the genitive construction "else" ple may be traceable directly, or 7. Are sapphires always blue? 8. Which is the correct form, usually takes the genitive Indirectly, to dietary aeneieneies. Let no man, therefore, twit nls anyone's else, or anyone else's? wife for trjlng to feed him cor The Answers 1. The Goodyear Zeppelin dock rectly! at Akron, Ohio 55 million cubic Common Sense Time for Good Eating feet. It is so large that sudden About Constipation But don't Imagine for a moment changes of temperature cause that correct eating and good eat clouds to form and rain falls inA doctor would tell you that tha ing cannot be synonymous. It is side of the hangar. bestthlnf. to do with constipation 2. Most authorities agree that true that there is no time of year la pet at ill cskjc That way you when correct eating is more im ancient man, whose only clothes dont ban to outers tt first sod wild of were skins animals, can portant. But it it also a fact try to cut tt afterward-y- ou avoid hating It. that there is no time of year when learned how to treat hides long be- ChaooM are you wont have to good eating is more distinctly in fore he discovered the secrets of look far for the cause If you eat dicated! pottery. foods moat tha 3. There are 7,083. These are the days when break people da Host likely you dont 4. December was the tenth fasts must be especially hearty get enough "bulk" I And "bulk" doesnt mean a lot of food. B . . to satisfy keen appetites, to month in the Roman calendar. It meani a Mud of food that unt name. Latin its ef amounts has fuel retained generous provide consumed In the body, but leaves a soft "bulky" mass In the top-not- ch Michigan! Again it may be said that the man thus honored needs no such dubious distinction to make him memorable. For Ferry, like Atchison, had a distinguished career. He was born in Mackinac, Mich., June 1, 1826, the son of a Presbyterian minister who had established a mission to the In- - well-balance- d, quick-froze- pooh-poo- men-folk- O-WN- U O ASK ME RUTHERFORD B. HAYES dians on the island of Michilli- The father later mackinac. moved to Grand Haven, Mich., where he acquired extensive holdings of timberland and en gaged in the lumber business. Young Ferry grew up under frontier conditions in that region with little opportunity for securing an education. For a time he was a clerk in a store in Elgin, 111., then returned to Grand Ha ven to work for his father and brothers in the lumber business. Showing an aptitude for politics, he was elected a member of the board of supervisors and county clerk of Ottawa county on the Whig ticket when he was only 21 years old. Two years later he was sent to the' state legislature as a Republican and in 1856 to the state senate. Four years later he was Michigan's "favorite son" for the nomination as vice president and running mate with Abraham Lincoln but he lost out to Hanni-vHamlin of Maine. When his term in the state senate ended he returned to the lumber business, although for eight years he was a member of the Republican state central committee. A Lincoln Escort In 1863 Ferry was appointed to represent his state on the board of managers of the Nation al Soldiers' cemetery at Gettysburg and the following year he He was elected to congress. served as a member of the con--' gressional committee which ac companied the body of the martyred Lincoln to Springfield, 111., for burial and in 1866 he was a delegate to the loyalist convention in Philadelphia where he fur ther increased his reputation by his able speeches. Elected to congress three times as a representative, he was later advanced to the senate where he served two terms. During Ferry's service in the senate he was chosen president pro tempore and after the death of Vice President Wilson was "acting vice president" which, as previously stated, led to the claim that he was "President for a day" between the administra tions of Grant and Hayes. He was a candidate for to the senate in 1882 but his efforts to win a third term resulted not only in his defeat but also in dis aster to his lumber business which finally was placed in the hands of a trustee. After this double disappoint ment, Ferry went abroad and spent three years in travel. He resumed his business operations upon his return but failed to re cover his former prosperity. He never married and lived with an aunt until his death in Grano Haven on October 14. 1896. al ... one-ha- super-refin- ed Intestines. If this is what you lack, try criip crunch? Kellogg's for breakfast It contains Just the "bulk" you need. Eat every day, drink plenty of water, and "Join the Seculars." Made by KeUogg's in game creek. Bold oy every grocer. All-Br- aa New Ways to Look Pretty All-Br- an enjoy having some cottons like it's this, too, in the summer-tima pattern you'll frequently repeat. No. 1505 The little dress with the sleeveless bolero is a perfect style for girls from four up to twelve. The full skirt, the round balloons of sleeves, the high neck line, are Just as becoming as possible! In challis, in gingham, in dimity this dress will be charm ing, and a dress-u- p version in taffeta will go smartly to parties. e; Salt Lake's NEWEST HOTEL Material Requirements. No. 1672 is designed for sizes 14, and 42. Size 16 re16, IB, 20,-4- quires 3 rial and yards of 35-in- ch mate 5 yards of braid. No. 1505 is designed for sizes 4, 6, 8, 10 and 12 years. Size 6 re mate quires 24 yards of rial without nap; yard of con trasting for collar: 2 yards of braid to trim. Spring Pattern Book Ready. Send 15 cents for the Barbara Bell Spring Pattern Book. Make yourself attractive, practical and becoming clothes, selecting de signs from the Barbara Bell well patterns. planned, Send your order to The Sewing Circle Pattern Dept., 149 New Montgomery Ave., San Francisco, Calif. Patterns 15 cents (in coins) each. 35-In- ch on A very flattering dress with braid used to em phasize the bust fullness, with the effect of a bolero, and with a graceful, rippling skirt Make this charmer of thin wool, flat crepe or silk prints. Youll SO. 1672 this tiny-waist- ed easy-to-ma- ke e Bcil Syndicate. WNU Service. Hotel TEMPLE SQUARE OppaaKa Marsaaa Taiah HIGHLY KEOOUMXNDKO It'f Istst $1.50 ! $100 to stop ar this beautiful hostslnr S BMifc of distinction B8NSST C. BOflSITER. fciflfc |