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Show THE BULLETIN -- Weekly News Iteview- - JVeic Transportation Czech Crisis Is Threatened By Pol&Hungarian Aggression By Joseph W. La Bine V. I ' POLAND RUSSIA UKRAINE) JpZRA President Roosevelt's railcommittee refused carriers' request for a 15 per cent wage reduction, it became apparent that congress must find some solution to the nation's perplexing transNot only are portation problem. When road ROMANIA fact-findi- ng railroads now handicapped by du- Heavy Liquor Consumption plicating lines and truck competiNets U. S. Coffers tion, but their expenses are being boosted $70,000,000 this year by the 3 Billion Dollars railroad retirement act of 1937. Most suggested remedial legislation calls for (1) government subsiBy JOSEPH W. LaBINE dies under the guise of national deFive years ago, on Decemfense, and (2) government loans to help railroads modernize equipment ber 5, 1933, America pulled the and extend their lines. Bills along cork out of prohibition to the these lines will probably be introof "Happy Days Are strains duced by Montana's Sen. Burton K. Wheeler, chairman of the senate's Here Again." committee on interstate commerce This year's anniversary finds and the railroad finance committee. Mr. Wheeler's two proposed laws liquor consumption leveling off for the first time in a would: 1. Empower that has brought the railroads, even if they are in the process of reorgani- federal government almost zation, to obtain government loans three billion dolfars in alcohol by creating obligations prior to taxes. those now in existence. 2. Establish standards for finan During the 1936-3- 7 fiscal year cial reorganization, including provi alone, some $2,900,000,000 worth sions to "expedite tne procedure" in of the cup that cheers lubriinese cases. America's collective toncated The second bill's purpose, Mr. ABOVE Whereas almost all Wheeler points out, is to permit re sils. This was $300,000,000 more teas than we spent for education the confined to the drinking organization without "strait-jac- k much saloon, eting" the railroads and depriving same year. drinking takes half-deca- U J UGO 5LAVI A : : DOES EUROPE'S FATE LIE IN RUTHENIA? (SEE FOREIGN) Poland if helping Hungary capture Ruhenia, in return or which Hungary is reportedly helping Poland capture tha balanca of Slovakia (Czech area abova lhaded una jutl ceded to Hungary). This deal may bring a teriout breach with Germany, blocking the Reich s southeastward expansion. section, which represent! duty payments have been slashed, The state department expects U. After Czechoslovakia made peace S. agriculture will derive important with Germany by ceding Sudeten benefits from the United Kingdom border areas to the Reich, Poland treaty, which grants concessions on and Hungary jumped in with simi- many farm products. All duties on lar claims. Poland was pacified American wheat are removed, while Teschen was re- on other items the duty is substan when war-lo- st turned. To Hungary went the south--' tially reduced. But the new treaty em portion of Slovakia and a small with Canada fails to remedy many corner of Ruthenia (tee striped por- objections which featured the pre tion of map), a settlement arranged vious agreement with that dominion, jointly by Germany and Italy. But since important concessions are still the bulk of little Ruthenia was re- granted on livestock, cheese, eggs tained by Czechoslovakia on Ger- and many grains. many's insistence, much to the sorrow of Poland and Hungary who International wanted a common border. By persecuting Jews and subsi Smart Adolf Hitler has two readizing Christianity in favor of Nazi sons for demanding Ruthenia's auideology, Germany tells the world his economic tonomy. First, policy that a political philoi triumphant has made Czechoslovakia a vassal state and at some future date Ger- ophy is worth more to her than the wilL What Germany many intends to march through that world's good country into the Russian Ukraine apparently fails to realize is that and other parts of southeastern Eu- the resultant international resentrope. Should Hungary get Ruthenia ment will ruin the Reich's export and turn hostile to Germany, the trade, thereby creating internal march to the east would be blocked. economic chaos. This pressure is Second, Ruthenia has immense already felt in Sudetenland and Aus value as a nucleus for Nazi propa- tria, the recently annexed terri whose manufactured items gandizing in the Ukraine and neigh- tories now must bear the mark, "Made in boring Rumania. Meanwhile Czechoslovakia is in no Germany." Both areas find world anti-Nasentiment a serious threat position to defend herself from the to their once flourishing export busi band of wolves barking around her entire frontier. Not only is she un- ness. Meanwhile international plans to der Germany's thumb, but Slovakia and Ruthenia have now been grant- help German Jews are meeting inSince most ed autonomy, which makes them evitable opposition. countries have unemploy. already of the central largely independent ment problems, few are willing to Prague government The result has been two unpubli-cize- d increase this burden by accepting wars in which covetous Po- new immigrants. They also realize land and Hungary have been inter- that Jews are predominantly tradesesting themselves under the expla- men and therefore fear their estab nation of "police action." The first lished business men would suffer centers in Ruthenia's Carpathian from this new competition. In the U. S., President Roosevelt mountains, where Hungary has won a substantial portion of the natives has granted a extension to her cause. In the ensuing civil to German visitors rather than re turn them to the hostile Reich. He war between and Ruthenians, Polish and Hungarian border troops have intervened. The other war is centered along Slovakia's Polish frontier, where ' Czech and Polish border troops have been fighting. Though none of the three concerned governments has spoken officially, it is quite obvious that Poland has agreed to help Hun gary capture Ruthenia if Hungary will help Poland grab the rest of Slovakia. This would leave Czechoslovakia with nothing but western Bohemia and Moravia, located entirely within Germany's "mouth." It is doubtful that Germany would tolerate this threat to her proposed eastward expansion, but her opposition might aid the cause of forces by arousing the ire of both Hungary and Poland. Foreign post-prohibiti- Poured out equally for place in the home. Liquor stores every man, woman, child like this do a big business. and infant in the nation, last RIGHT Andrew J. Volstead, year's per capita consumption of Minnesota congressman whose alcoholic beverages would be some- prohibition amendment to the Constitution made America a thing like the following: One and a half pints of light theoretically dry nation. wine. Four gin cocktails. Four Scotch highballs. Three pints of sherry. Two and a quarter quarts of Bourbon, rye or corn whisky. Fourteen gallons of beer or ale. A lot of us didn't drink our share, but somebody drank it for us, which accounts for the growing alcoholism problem now facing the nation. On one side of the repeal picture is the scene of men brought back to work in a thousand industries inspired by the consumption of liquor. This scene also shows an annual income for the United States treasury of some $600,000,000 a year from as liquor taxes, approximately much as the entire nation pays in personal income levies. SENATOR WHEELER A remedy, but is Urn cure? - zi six-mon- th h an anti-Na- zi Domestic Under Secretary of State Cordell Hull, the U. S. has consummated 20 reciprocal trade agreements (including two with Canada) as authorized by the trade agreements act of 1934. Carried on aggressively, Mr. Hull's program now covers three-fifth-s of all American exports and imports. Behind the treaties is the principle, under which contracting nations agree to nondiscriminatory treatment in the fixing of quotas. In each treaty, both signatory nations pledge not to impose internal taxes "most-favored-natio- n" on imported articles higher than those imposed on similar articles of domestic or other origin. Keystone and climax to this pro- gram is the reciprocal trade treaty just signed with Great Britain, including the dovetailing second treaty with Canada. Since a unilateral principle applies to Mr. Hull's treaties, the benefits of this U. agreement are now open to all other nations with which the U. S. has commercial treaties. are EuPrincipal rope's dictator nations. The eventual aim of idealistic Mr. Hull is abandonment of international trade barriers and the idea of artificial and a more stabilized world currency. Chief arguments against the pact come from business interests who claim their domestic sales are injured by Brity, Anglo-America- n ish competition. Arguments in favor of the treaty will maintain that while British competition is increased on some domestically-manufacture- d items, a great many more items can now be exported to the United Kingdom, since most MYRON CT. TAYLOR Plenty of money, but little land. plans to ask congress for liberalized immigration laws which would permit the entry of more persecuted Jews, though congressional leaders like Sen. William E. Borah promise to oppose the plan. The U. S. and Great Britain are meanwhile taking a lead in consummation of the Jewish solution first proposed by Joseph P. Kennedy, U. S. ambassador to London. While Great Britain is surveying her colonies to find new homes for Jews, the state department has commissioned Myron C. Taylor, chairman of the intergovernmental refugees committee, to represent the U. S. in this work. American Jews are voluntarily digging up 100 million dollars to finance the project if England can provide land for resettlement purposes. The most likely spot is British Guiana, in South America, where Prime Minister Neville Chamberlain hopes to set aside 10,000 square miles. Bilt Germany is not Although George Rublee, director of the international committee, has offered to discuss the Jew question with Berlin, he has received no definite reply. Preferring to ignore the U. S. and Great Britain, is reported negotiating withGermany several South American countries to find a Jewish haven. Regardless of who manages the exodus of these 700,000 unwanted Hebrews, they will find no refuge in MerJco's Lower California or Palestine. de pre-prohibiti- . pro-Czec- Repeal Celebrates Its Fifth Birthday But Nation Still Suffers a Hangover Enter the Female Barfly. existing bondholders of their lust On the other hand are indisput share in company earnings. This will probably win popular favor, but able statistics connecting liouor railroad executives are not likely to with automobile accidents, crime look upon new government loans as and immorality. And not the least a cure for their ailment. At best. or inese woes is the feminine Jbarfly, borrowing will only provide a tem whose birth is chronicled by the HI. porary cure, piling up additional Keeley institute of Dwight, Mr. Martin Nelson. ' sacretarv nf obligations without attempting to solve basic transportation problems. the institute, points out that while total patients increased 45 per cent War during the first 10 months of 1938, as compared with the similar pe"Any attentat Ut mnnlv In lha rnnAi. riod in 1933, women patients have lions of today and tomorrow the idea and nrinrinl. of tkm mii shown a gain of ISO oer cent durineneither would contribute to establishment the same period. of real peace in east Asia nor solve the "It is undoubtedly true that an immediate issues." increasing number of women have With the above statement. Japan become habitual drinkers in recent has rejected a United States protest years," Mr.. Nelson comments. claiming invasion of American "Prohibition removed drinking from rights in China. The answer denies the bar room to the living room, every charge made bv the United where wives learned to tipple. ReStates concerning Japanese viola- peal returned drinking to the saloon tion of the "open door" to China and asks Washington to take into consideration the "new situation in east Asia." Although Jaoan courts maintain that a contract is invalidated by changing circumstances, the United States cannot agree that a strictly Japanese legal tenet should be applied to international law. The answer makes no mention of the 1022 nine - power pact guaranteeing China's territorial integrity, but under Japan's new "changing conditions" philosophy it would seem that all previous international commitments have been thrown overboard. Consequently there appears to be no American recourse other than to accept Japan's domination of China. While this battle of dinlomaev rages, courageous China is making a desperate h stand west of Hankow. Current Jap operations are directed at cutting Chinese supply connections with Siberia and a campaign which relies chiefly on bombing. Yangtze river traffic between Shanghai and Nanking has been closed to foreigners under the guise of protection against Chinese guerrilla warfare. Actually, observers believe, the japs want to keep Yangtze traffic exclusively for themselves. inap-olicab- - last-ditc- Indo-Chin- a, and wives followed their husbands there. Today public complacency about women drinking openly at bars is making the problem of the female inebriate a tragically serious one." The Keeley institute treated more patients of all classes in 1936 and 1937 than at any time in the previous years. But Mr. Nelson does not place all resnonsibilitv for thin condition on the open saloon, or the ease witn which liquor may be oougnt at retail stores. "We feel." he renorts. "that the country's improved. financial condi tion is also responsible. Our experience over nearly 60 years, in cluding xour major depressions and recoveries, has shown that in time of prosperity the number of patients increases. During depressions it declines." Drys Are Still Strong. This would indicate the problem is getting worse, despite a leveling off in liquor consumption this year. With business definitely on the upswing, taverns and retail stores are destined for greater patronage. But this increase will come in metropolitan centers, not in the small towns. It is significant that the United States can still boast a strati? Hrv faction whose grass roots are in mm ed by consumption figures, also by the steady decrease of dry states.. Today there are but four common- -, wealths refusing to legalize liquor.' the Eighteenth Fundamentally, amendment was repealed because (1) bootlegging had developed into a horrifying crime menace, and (2) since people appeared determined to drink, it seemed feasible to legalize liquor and put men back to wok, also adding materially to tax revenue. Bootleggers Still Busy. If repeal has succeeded in the latter respect by netting federal, state and local coffers several billion dollars, it has not wiped out bootlegging. Else "revenooers" in South Carolina, Georgia, Alabama and Florida would not be wrecking some 350 stills each month, nor would 56 men have been indicted in New York last December 21 on a charge of defrauding the government of rural . areas, with special emphain liquor taxes. If anything, sis on the Midwest and South. legalized liouor has minimized the Temperance forces have grown difficulties of engaging in illicit liq stronger since repeal. In that year uor iraae, aespite everything state and federal agents can do. state referendums showed 30 cent of us were dry. A 1936 pri But bootlegged liquor is cheap liqvate survey raised this figure to 33 uor, and this year aged whisky, per cent and last sarin it stood at stocks were so increased that prices 34. This looks like a steadily grow could be lowered. If men must have ing senumem, out it is counteract- - alcohol, they can now get it from legitimate dealers for about the same price a bootlegger charges. Distillers are not comnletelv blind to the evils of repeal; in fact many of them boast a "social responsibili ty ior urging temperance. Too often the milt lies with law enforcement officers and the' tavern keepers. At Chicago a group of educators surveyed 3.028 taverns and found one or more laws being violated in 2,122 of them. Most were improperly lighted, many sold liquor to intoxicated nersons or minors. "ZiggJ ' my name, anil I'm others remained open after closing supposed to be the boss of Or- nours. Psychologists noint out that under chestra Leader Frankie Masters law enforcement our per cap strict household, lie looked pretty ita liquor consumption will show a swell when I picked him out, but steady decline through the years as now it turns out he plays all men and women learn how to night and rehearses all day. So "drink intelligently." Perhaps the what does that make me? Watch 1938 leveling off is a turning point, but after five of repeal John dog, I guess just twitching for Barlevcorn is years still opivin 9 the boss. But HI fix him. Look, a headache and too many . hang overs. boss, you're being picketed Wcitern Newipaper Union. re got a bone to pick with you. 00 DAY IN THE LIFE OF ZIGGY A " m m Ami9 a, VW r Trend How the Wnd Is Blowing WORLD WORRIES The U. S. public health service predicts one out of every 20 babies born this year will be committed to a mental hospital at some time during its life, after surveying the increasing population of such institutions. 1938 MODEL TURKEY U. S. experimental farms have developed a new small size turkey with shorter legs, a broader back and plumper body to meet requirements of small families. TROUBLE ON WHEELS Since U. S. automobile traffic will be doubled by 1960, officials predict the nation must build 1,000 miles of multiple-lan- e highways a year during the next 22 years. DOPE UPSET In 1938, only two of every 10,000 Americans use narcotics, compared with one out of every 1,000 in 1924. Tre got a reason to com-- . plain. There's tin fun in this life. Of course, I hare fdenly of leisure, but you're never around to iaay ball or go for a walk, so what do I do? WrIL masbe I can find a good book . . .' ... "Here ' an idea I'll try my hand ot making musical arrangements for your orchestra. This is a doggy little tune I call 'Bark to the Farm And lhaCs where I might just as well go myself. uWhai? Mr. Masters home tonight? Well, why Haying didnt you say so before? Sore? Of course not. I think you're swell, but if I may gice other dogs a ord of warning stay away from orchestra leaders H y , |