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Show if m ... V y h W i L LIKE MOLTEN SILVER. SURER SIGHTS OFTEN WITNESSED WIT-NESSED ON OCEANS. rJerlns: M Phosphor ncnc Surpasses AU Other Like Phenomena In Br 11-laney 11-laney Sean From the Ieck of the Kevenoe Cutter M. Culloch. V "I have very often heard of the wonderful won-derful phosphorescence of southern eeaa," remarked a traveler from the north, "and 1 have seen some pretty fair samples of it in the Atlantic between be-tween New York and English ports, hut I did not know that it prevailed to any extent in northern waters until' during the past summer. In August last I was on board the revenue cutter McCulloeb, in the Bering sea, about 63 degrees north latitude, bound north, when one night about i) o'clock I happened hap-pened to go on deck, and I was almost frightened by the siht of the sea. The wind was blowing sharp, enough to raise the whitecaps. and the vho:e fiea looked as if k were lighted from its depths by a million arc lights throwing throw-ing the whitest raj j upward and uni-r the flying foam. The hollows of the waves were dark, but every cr-st that broke showered and sparkled as if it were filled with light. From the sides of the ship great rolls of broken white light fell away, and she left a broad pathway of silvery fcam as far back as the eye could reach. But about this hour there was a most striking display. Here it was as if the ship were plowing plow-ing through a sea of white light, and as the water was thrown back from her prow it fell in glittering piles of light upon the dark surface beyond, and was driven far down below, lighting light-ing the depths as if all the electricity of the ocean were shooting its sparkles through the waves and turning itself Into innumerable incandescents that flashed a second and then shut out forever. for-ever. I stood on the forecastle deck looking down into the brilliant white turmoil of the waters until I began to feel as if we were afloat upon some silver sil-ver sea, and a really uncanny feeling took possession cf me. The white ship was lighted by the phosphorescence or the waters, so that as high up as the deck there was a pale, weird white, that made one feel as if the 'Flying Dutchman' were abroad upon the seas and had just passed us. The masts towered in ashy gray above the decks, and every rope and line stood out distinctly in the ligit. but cast no shadows. It was all as ghostly as if we had gone up against the real thing, and it was a positive relief to get back Into the wardroom, where there was Fornething more human. I don't know how long it lasted, but when I went to bed at 11 o'clock I could still see the silver shining through the air porthole in my stateroom." Washington Star. J.lostlce Ilrewer as it Story Teller. Associate Justice Brewer, of the United States Supreme court, is one of the best anecdote relaters in Washington, Wash-ington, and frequently tells stories on hims'lf. Here is an amusing one: When he was studying law in New York city he evinced some interest in the municipal campaign then on and was invited to make a speech on a certain occasion. He accepted and carefully fortifying himself with information in-formation on the subject and otherwise other-wise preparing for his part of the program pro-gram he appeared on the platform in ample time. When he got up he made an eloquent depiction of the virtues of his party; ha made deep draughts on simile and metaphor; his sentences were exquisitely rounded and it was a masterly example of a class-day oration. ora-tion. The audience sat unmoved, an occasional man alone greeting what he said. The next speaker was an unkempt un-kempt individual, careless of grammar, wno committed a wholesale slaughter cf the English language. But he made several good points in a ciude way that appealed to the crowd, and when he ended the applause was deafening. As the then woul 1-be lawyer with the fine periods passed out a man behind, not recognizing him, whispered in his ear: "I like that second feller better; he talks sense." Laziness of Kaffirs. One of the miners in the copper country will turn out as much work as five of our men. We have to employ Kaffir labor. Kaffirs are notoriously lazy, and they require constant supervision super-vision or they will quit work altogether. alto-gether. With every five Kaffirs one white man is employed. One hole drilled with a hand drill is considered a day's stint for a KaBr. Although Diir employes do not get as much pay individually as the miners hereabouts, yet labor costs us much more, because one of the copper country miners will do as ranch work as five Kaffirs. In Oom Paul's domain the natives are restricted re-stricted by stringent laws. When a native is employed in the Transvaal he is given a pass upon his arrival. nd he is legally compelled to work for a specified length of time. If he deserts de-serts his employer he is arrested. When a native is seen on the streets or highways any white m?n has a right so demand an inspection of his pass. If he does not produce it, or there is ground for believing tht lie has not obtained permission f.om the employer to leave his work. l.r is taken into custody. Detroit Tribune. Ife Kouitd Soia?. "I suppose there are several lines to the east?" he Queried at a raiiroad ticket office the other day. "Well, yes," ifiuctantly replied the agent, 'but if you want the shortest and quickest line " "That makes no difference to me." interrupted the caller. call-er. "1 want a line controlled by moral influences. Is the president of your road a religious man?" "I can't say as to that, but I know that two of our switchmen and three firemen lately joined the Salvation army and that our board of directors discourages poker and beer." "That's moral influence," influ-ence," said the traveler, as he brightened bright-ened up. "and you may give me a tick--filtQNew York." Xb Boston Baby's Manama. From .the New York Commercial-Advertiser: Commercial-Advertiser: The Boston baby must have brought his mamma to New-York New-York yesterday. There was nothing particularly Bostonese In her appearance appear-ance and she didn't have the baby with her. but as she was getting out of an elevated car she dropped a book of course. The simple New Yorker picked it up and restored it to its owner, who turned and said: "Thank you er thank you immeasurably." Acquisition mad Escape. Jones Has the New Year treated you well ho far? Brown Yes, indeed; my employer gave me a raise and my family, so far has not given me another an-other enlarged photograph of myself. Indianapolis Journal. ARISTOCRATIC TAILORS- A London Establishment Owned sad Operated by Xoblemen. In a fashionable street in the west end there Is a firm of tailors who are all noblemen, and by nobkjien I do not necessarily mean peers, but the sons or brothers of men who are peers. In the tailoring establishment I am referring re-ferring to the man who receives the customer is the son of a marquis, ano entitled to the courtesy prefix ol j "Lord" before his name. His partner is an actual peer and the represents,-I represents,-I tive of one of the oldest titles in Eng-t Eng-t lanJ-r.In the days before he managed 1 Ul ' Hin himself he was noted for hi-a : taste j-n dress. Now he charges a reg- uiar fee for advice, and receives it. In ctber words, the vu'gar young stock- broker or the newJy-arrived stranger j from the woolly west can consult Lord i H. in regard to the exact cut of the j trousers they desire, or the number of ; buttons thr-v should have on their i coais, and in exchange for a fee of two guineas paid in advance receive . the most careful information and in-j in-j struction. Tfcp money i3 not handed ; to hi:; lorilsbip direct, but to another ! r".;m, who used to be a captain in the i L;:r:cer regimen, and has now ac-j ac-j quired a wonderful knowledge of ma-, ma-, tenuis. Consequently he is the buyer of the firm, as well as the cashier. The noble proprietors of the tailoring shop do not put their real names on their "shingles." but trade under a pseudonym. pseu-donym. On the other hand, another lord, who has several milkshops, puts his name and title across the shop front. There is a lord who is in regular regu-lar business as a jam-maker; a baronet baro-net who i3 a pawnbroker. Several nobles act as go-betweens for money lenders and are not ashamed to drag their ancient names in the consequent j mud which somehow or other always i attaches itself to usury. One peer of the realm is a fugitive from justice and is now employed as a chairmaker somewhere in Australia. The crime he committed could, if necessary, require re-quire his being brought back to this country, but for the sake of his father fath-er and predecessor in the title, it has simply been intimated to him that he will be prosecuted without mercy if he ever returns to England. London Correspondence Mail and Express. AVOID STEPPING UPON CRACKS Peculiarity of Many People When Walking Walk-ing Along; the Pavements. From the Philadelphia Record: "I wonder why it is." said a quick observer ob-server the other day, "that nine people peo-ple out of every ten in walking along the sidewalk invariably try to avoid stepping upon the cracks or divisions in between the flagging? Now, for instance, in-stance, if the divisions are made so that an ordinary man's step would measure about two-thirds of the width of one section of the flagging, he would naturally take about three steps in crossing two of them. But instead of making the three steps of the same length and setting one foot down upon the seam, you will find that he will invariably take a step either a little longer or a little shorter than is really most convenient, just to enable him to avoid stepping upon the crack or seam. It seems to be done almost unconsciously, un-consciously, and yet if on the next square the size of the division in the pavement is changed, you will notice that almost invariably the pedestrian adapts his steps to the new arrangement, arrange-ment, and still continues to avoid the cracks. Children used to play a game called 'poison' on their way to school. The game consisted entirely in carefully care-fully avoiding stepping upon a stone or some other material selected by the leader to be designated as 'poison,' to set foot upon which was supposed to be followed by direful consequences. Whether the habit of 'looking where you step' thus acquired is continued by those who now try to avoid cracks I cannot say, but if you notice you will find that many people who walk are addicted to the habit here described." de-scribed." Fought When the Truth Was Told. When Gen. Grant was president, says a Washington man, a friend of his from the west called to see him. One day, Just after leaving the white house, this friend fell in with a fellow westerner in the white house grounds, and a heated encounter took place, which suddenly terminated by the general's gen-eral's friend knocking the other man down and out. The matter was hushed up. but the general, naturally indignant, indig-nant, called his friend to account, saying, say-ing, "John, you've treated me and the office 1 hold with much discourtesy. Why did you do such a thing?" "Well, it was this way, general," replied the now thoroughly penitent one, "you know there was bad blood between us, and he had set all sorts of stories going go-ing about me. Just after leaving you I ran Into him, and he at once accused me of doing a certain thing. As it was a lie, I only laughed at him. Then he accused me of something else, and that being also a lie, I jeered at him again, but his third accusation was tvue, and by gad, sir, I couldn't stand that, so I knocked him down." A Homelike Place. "Yes, we get into county jails occasionally," oc-casionally," said the tramp, "but the trouble is they don't keep us long j enough. A jail is a homelike place, I with plenty to eat, no work and good treatment. We are generally sen tenced for three months, but after about four weeks the sheriff picks out three or four of us and says: 'Now, boys, them iron bars on that winder is loose and it's going to be a dark night Hev some ambition about you. An old tramp knows what that means, and he is ten mile3 away before daylight. day-light. A tenderfoot Aggers to stay on, and next morning the sheriff comes in and finds him there and says: 'What, hain't you got no ambition! Then 111 give you some!' and he boots him out Into the yard and sets him to promenadin around with a log fastened fas-tened to his leg." Father Needed Attention. A very small girl sat at a table "in the middle of the hotel dining room with her father and mother, relates the Washington Post. Father was obviously obvi-ously a business man, and he ate as if he had spent all his life in a suburban su-burban town, where people always eat on the jump and dash off to catch the train with the pastry course in their hands. The child watched with growing grow-ing disfavor the way he made things fly. At length she turned to her mother. "Mother," she said in her shrill, high, carrying voice, "can't you do something to father to make him stop eating so fast? You spanked me for it" And father's dinner suddenly choked him. Quit a Different Thin. Mr. Doe I am surprised that you put up with your son's extravagance. Mr. Roxe O. I don't I merely put up for it. New York Journal. MON """""" MBM ssssssssssssssbsssbbsbbi This remarkable fossil was discovered discov-ered Aug. 26, 1899, at Caldera, a seaport sea-port In Chili, by Arthur MacKenzie, and has been shipped to the capital, Valparaiso. Evidently it is the petri-lled petri-lled carcass of some prehistoric am- THE THINNEST MAN. Welfhed But iortj-FlTe Pound and Wore Paddeil Clothing. Instances of remarkably thin men are not uncommon, but Claude Am-broise Am-broise Seurat, who was exhibited in 1825, was such an extraordinary personage per-sonage that no less than 70,000 persons visited him in a few weeks. Seurat was born in 1797, and was, therefore, 28 years of age when he made his appearance ap-pearance as a "freak." Mr. Astley Cooper, the famous physician, was among the throng who poured into the, building in which Seurat received those who were anxious to see him, and in writing of which, said: "Seurat Is without doubt the most mysterious being I have encountered. His face Is that of an ordinary man, somewhat emaciated, perhaps, but not remarkably remark-ably so. His eyes are bright, and his voice pleasing. Seen in the ordinary costume of the day, he in no way differs dif-fers from the average foreigner. But stripped of his padded clothing, he presents an astounding spectacle. His arms were mere bones covered by parehment-llke skin, and muscle and flesh he appears to have none. He is therefore scarcely able to move his arms and legs, and walks, though without apparent effort, with extreme difficulty. On measuring him and weighing him I found that his chest measurement was 3094 inches, which Is fair; that his weight was not more than 45 pounds, the bones being much smaller than those of an ordinary man of his stature, who might weigh 150 pounds. In appearance, indeed, he so much resembles a skeleton that a shortsighted person might easily mistake mis-take him for one." Seurat's food consisted con-sisted of two or three ounces of bread and meat daily, and sometimes he took a little wine. He was remarkably intelligent and well read, and picked up English rapidly. On arriving at places where he was not known he was accustomed to walk out in his padded pad-ded clothes, and did not attract any particular attention. He said that until the age of ten years he resembled resem-bled any ordinary boy, but that he suddenly wasted away. He died in 1849, aged 52 years. Confessed Ills Ignorance. Augustus Birrell tells of a delightful Incident that occurred at the "Johnson "John-son Club," which meets four times a year at the "Old Chesire Cheese," a Bteak-and-chop house in Wine Office court, London, just out of Fleet street, and where its members dine and talk and "explore the mind" of their hero, Dr. Samuel Johnson, says the Buffalo Commercial. At one of these dinners there happened to be present Bonnor, the famous Australian cricketer, who confessed to the company that until that evening he had never heard of Dr. Samuel Johnson. Mr. Birrell says that at this "someone tittered." Whereupon "Bonnor, the bearded, the terrific, clear-eyed, drew himself up to his full hight of -six feet, and said: 'Yes; and what is more, I come from a great country where you might ride a horse 6lxty miles a day for three months, and never meet anybody who had. But I have heard of him now, and can only say, that were I not Bonnor, the cricketer, I would be Samuel Johnson!'" John-son!'" Qoodness and Manhood. The older I grow the more I revere goodness just plain, every-day goodness good-ness having nothing herolcal nor spectacular in it, for I think this is the gift of which God has been the least prodigal. Intelligence without goodness may mean nothing higher than a prize fighten but goodness with strength and Intelligence makes a man as he was created to be an image of the Goahead. The most symmetrical man of this century was Mr. Gladstone and his moral nature was as sweet and wholesome as his intellect and body were strong. In mind, in heart, in soul, in everything but physique and inches, he was a giant. But the salient sa-lient feature in Gladstone's character, and what lifts him above every con- STATISTICS OF CRIMINALS CRIMINALS Four persons out of every 3,000 men, women and children in the United States are either in jail, or out on bail or are fugitives from justice. Their total number is 90,000 out of a population popu-lation estimated at 70,000,000. American women make an excellent showing or rather, lack of showing in crime statistics. Only 6 per cent of all those who have fallen foul of the law are women. The sex Is most prominent in what are known as crimes against society. Including bigamy. To this class of of FOUND phibian animal, a cross between a lizard liz-ard and an alligator. Its length is 2t feet 11 inches. The head is 9 feet long and the tail is 14 feet 11 inches. Across the back it measures 9 feet 9 inches. The fossil is firmly petrified, and is temporary, was his moral earnestness. He was a good man, and his religious convictions formed the warp and woof of his nature. Woman's Home Companion. Compan-ion. Women Played Cricket. From The General Adversity of 1747: "On Monday last in playing the Women's Cricket match the company broke in, so that it was impossible for the game to be play'd out: and some of them being very much frightened, and others hurt, it could not be finished till this morning, when at 9 o'clock they will finish the same, hoping the Company Com-pany will be so kind as to indulge them in not walking within the Ring, which will not only be a great Pleasure Pleas-ure to them, but a general Satisfaction to the Whole. All Gentlemen and Ladies that, have paid to see this Match on Monday, shall have the Liberty Lib-erty of the Ground to see it finish'd, without any other charge. And in the Afternoon they will play a Second Match, in the same Place; . several large Sums being depending between the Women of the Hills of Sussex, in Orange Colour'd Ribbons, and those of the Dales, in Blue. The Wickets to be pitch'd by 1 o'clock, and to begin Play by 2." MINIATURE A CORPOREAL CONTRAST. The smallest scorchers and the largest policeman In the United States. Here are two children, whose aggregate ag-gregate ages would not equal 6 years, who are already law-breakers. Behold Be-hold them defying the law, represented by David Chalker, the largest policeman police-man in Jackson, Mich. Verne A. Trask and his sister, Mar-jorie Mar-jorie Trask, are the youngest tandem riders in this country, and perhaps in the world. Verne is three years and a half old, and his sister is 21 months. Every day for fifteen minutes these two amateurs mount their tandem and increase the tally on their cyclometer; Sundays they are allowed to ride three or four miles. At the age of 2 Master Trask first began to ride, a single wheel of about twenty-five gear being his mount. Wrhen Miss Marjorie had attained to CRMlttALZ BY JfATlVlTlE5 PAUPERS fenders it contributes 25 per cent of the total. The total number of crimes committed commit-ted against the person, running the whole gamut' from assault to murder, are 20 per cent of the total of crimes committed in the country. Against society are 25 per cent of all the crimes punished in the United States, while 10 per cent are miscellaneous miscel-laneous ones which it is impossible to classify. The proportion of the natives to the foreign classes and to the colored class among the prisoners in the Unite ON ClilbIS COAST coated with stone. It was laid barer by an uncommonly low tide, which washed away the sand by which the carcass had been covered, perhaps, for centuries. The find was reported to the Intendente, Senor Carlos Sayago, A Glass of Water at Bedtime. The human body is constantly undergoing under-going tissue changes. Water has the power of increasing these changes which multiply the waste products, but at the same time they are renewed by its agency, giving rise to increased appetite, ap-petite, which in turn provides fresh nutriment. If you do not accustom yourself to drink water regularly, you are liable to have the waste products form faster than they are removed. Any obstruction to the free working of natural laws at once produce disease. Great weakness and languor on rising in the morning is generally due to a large secretion of these waste products, and the remedy is to drink a tumblerful tumbler-ful of water, either hot or cold, just before retiring. This materially assists in the process during the night, and leaves the tissues fresh and strong, ready for the active work of the next day. Mot Fashionable. From Puck: It was the first time Dorothy had ever seen a bull with a ring in his nose. "Mamma," she exclaimed ex-claimed pityingly, "just see in what an unbecoming place he wears his jewelry." LAW BREAKERS the formidable age of 16 months she was made the proud possessor of a tandem, and a very perfect tandem it is. The machine weighs 16 pounds, has a 12-inch frame, 13-lnch wheels, and is geared to 29. This seems rather small, but it well suited to its riders, and to see them spinning along, whistling whist-ling and singing, one would suppose that they had been riding for many years. A snap-shot of these two young lawbreakers law-breakers shows them in the act of trying try-ing to escape from an officer. They seem to be unconscious of the fact that they are liable to arrest on two charges; first, for riding on the sidewalk, side-walk, and, second, for resisting an officer. offi-cer. It may be well to add that they are both bona fide amateurs. New England Home Magazine. PAUPER5 BY NATIVITIES INSANE BY NATIVITIES States Is interesting. It is surprising to find that less than 5 per cent of all prisoners are colored. Foreigners are much more numerous in the criminal courts, 20 per cent, perhaps, while 65 jer cent are natives. It Is recorded that of the total insane in the United States 7 per cent are colored, 28 per cent are foreigners and 65 per cent are natives. This of course does not mean that the number of insane natives is greater in proportion to the population. Judged on this basis the percentage of native insane is smaller than Ikons tne foreigner and it was brought ashore in sections, under his supervision. Then it was photographed. The picture presented is the first published in the United States. Washington Correspondent of the New York Sun. QUEER WOUNDS. Made by Spanish Hullet.1 at the Battle of Sau Juan. "My messmate, the surgeon, told me of two queer wounds," said the returned return-ed Cuban campaigner, "and if I did not know him to be a truthful man who had seen the wounds with his own eyes, I would not believe the story. He said late in the afternoon of the day the hill was stormed a man came up to the hospital tent and said: 'Doctor, 'Doc-tor, I am shot through the neck.' The doctor supposed a glancing shot had left its mark on the side of the neck, but he told the man to take off the bandage in which it was bound, thinking think-ing he would see if the wound was clean. To his utter astonishment he found the man had been shot, the bullet bul-let passing through the neck from side to side. He said he could hardly believe be-lieve his eyes, and several other surgeons sur-geons were called to look at the wound, but it was there without question, ques-tion, and the man alive and not bleeding bleed-ing to death. The wound was dressed and the man made to lie down. Next morning the wounded man asked leave to go back to the firing line, saying he 'felt fine and wanted another crack at the Dagoes.' He was kept in the tent another day and finally was allowed to join his company, and is so far as I know alive today. The surgeon told me a bullet could not pass through a man's neck in that way without killing him once in 10,000 times, and had he not seen the man he would hardly credit the story being true. The other wound was equally odd. A man was brought into the hospital who, while in a stooping position, had been shot in the back by a sharpshooter, the bullet bul-let entering the back between the shoulder blades and coming out into the man's mouth, knocking out two of his front teeth. The man carried in his hand the teeth and the bullet when he arrived at the hospital. He did not die, strange to relate. The bullet had sufficient force to pass through the throat, up and out into the mouth and knock out the teeth and did not injure the throat badly. That wound was a marvel." Heather ou the Golf Links. From Life: The fine growth of Scotch heather on the links of the Billy-cock Golf club is the envy of all visiting players. The secret of the growth has at last been divulged. It seems that Mr. Philip Putter, one of the club's most enthusiastic members, spent a week last fall on the St. Andrew's An-drew's links in bonnie Scotland, and the seeds of the heather finding lodgment lodg-ment under the shelter of the hobnails of his golf shoes, were spread broadcast broad-cast over the home links when he returned. re-turned. A standing offer per pair is now made for any old pair of shoes that have been worn over Scotch links. Interminable Struggle. "Do you know," said a girl I know across a supper table to me night before be-fore last, "I shall not be at all surprised sur-prised when I die to find that the dead are Just as busy staying dead as we are living and that they dread coming to life as much as we do dying? 1 dare say they have to work day an 4 night to stay dead and that all th time they are haunted by the horrible thought that if they make failures of themselves they'll starve to life. What do you think?" Washington Post. Just a Little Too Savins;. Archie My children manifest too early in life a tendency to put away money, and I am exceedingly worried over it. Sandiman WThy, that is an excellent trait, and I don't see any reason rea-son why you should be worried. Archie Ar-chie But I am. The baby swallowed a nickel this morning. Stray Stories. Information for the Sonne;. "Pa, what's a ripe old age?" "That's the age at which a man begins to realize re-alize that he's not the only apple on the tree." Chicago Times-Herald. or colored people. -In sex there is almost al-most no difference, the women outnumbering out-numbering the men so slightly that the difference is scarcely appreciable. In the pauper wards the relation of classes is very different. But 50 per cent of the total number of paupers are natives, while 41 per cent are foreigners foreign-ers and 9 per cent are colored. The women are outnumbered by the men in the asylums throughout the country by a ratio of 44 to 56. The Insane come in large proportions from country regions, in spite of the quiet, monotonous life, If . HATIVL5 DAIRY AND POULTRY. INTERESTING CHAPTERS FOR OUR RURAL READERS. Bow Suosesfnl Farmers Operate This Department of the Farm A Few Hints as to the Care of Live Stock and Poultry. Increasing r"SB Production. The yarding system had in view the idea that egg-producing food would actually produce more eggs if not entirely en-tirely used up in forming bone, flesh and muscle. What the results have ben can be ascertained by those who have adhered to it, and are still using it today. Personally, 7 am a great believer be-liever in it, claiming at least a 30 per cent better egg yield, says E. O. Roessle in Country Gentleman. It is, of course, necessary to yard only fully mature fowls or pullets. Young, growing pulluts and cockerels must be given all the range possible. They need growth before they can become be-come producers. They need plenty of bone and flesh-forming food to make frame on which to put flesh, and thus develop into strong, large, well formed form-ed specimens. When pullets begin to lay, they should be sorted out and placed plac-ed a certain number in each coop, and thus left during the fall and early winter, or perhaps all winter, if they are not used for breeding purposes. When once placed they should not be moved, as it interferes materially with egg production, and sometimes checks laying for two weeks or more. Pullets Pul-lets are our best layers that is, they lay the most eggs hence the profit from them is greater than that from fowls of any other age. Many prominent promi-nent egg farmers keep only pullets, selling them off as soon as they become be-come yearlings. This is certainly a smart idea where the greatest returns are looked for, but it is not wholly popular because of the superior breeding breed-ing qualities of yearlings over pullets. pul-lets. Yarded fowls are actually fowls In confinement. The yards, therefore, should be large as large as possible. I should not think of giving 15 fowls less space that 1,300 square feet and 1,500 would be better. This makes a 130 or 150 by 10-foot yard, and will be sufficient room in which to keep the above number in perfect health and to obtain best results. All foods can be given easily except green food and this is of as great, if not greater, great-er, importance than all others. Early Ear-ly in the spring young rye (same in the fall) may be depended on, but this soon disappears, and is consumed by the hungry flocks. Its place must be taken by a constant daily supply. Half the yard can be shut off and sown with oats, which will soon appear above the ground and prove a delicious morsel, to be eagerly devoured. After this we must depend on all kinds of vegetables and vegetable tops in fact, anything that Is green and acceptable to the fowls. Dairy Notes. Society is yet in a rather disorganized disorgan-ized condition, and this is as true of the dairy interests as of any other. We have a few weak dairy associations associa-tions that make a show of doing something some-thing once a year, but for steady all-the-year-round work no associations exist. Yet in each of our states, if the dairy Interests were organized, an association could be sustained that would keep its officers at work throughout the year. An immense amount of work could be done that would result ih great good to the owners of dairy cows. The problem is to perfect such an organization. It seems to the writer that the state ap-proriation ap-proriation to the dairymen's association, asso-ciation, where such an appropriation exists, could be used to better advantage advan-tage in sustaining an executive officer than even in publishing the reports of the annual meeting. The question of cheese flavor is an Important one, perhaps one of the most important ones that the cheese makers have to face. The fact that foreigners generally like a sharp cheese and Americans like a mild cheese has made it difficult to make a cheese that would please all markets. The Canadians have continued to make a cheese sharp in flavor and hard in texture and it has in the past proved satisfactory to the English and Canadian markets. But now it is reported re-ported that the English taste is changing chang-ing and is demanding a cheese soft in texture and mild in flavor, and one speaker at a racent dairy convention asserted that the Canadians continue to make the harp hard cheese they are now making it will lose them the English market. We doubt this; for we believe the Canadians are wise enough to adapt themselves to the requirements re-quirements of the market, and that they will be sensible of those requirements require-ments just as fast as they meterialize. No doubt the Americans would soon become great cheese eaters If they could get a mild-flavored, soft but well-ripened well-ripened cheese. It will, however, take a good deal of knowledge in cheese making to produce such cheese in large quantities and of uniform quality. Here and there are factories that are able to turn out the kind of cheese mentioned, men-tioned, but most of the factories continue con-tinue to turn out a cheese that does not appeal to the "AmGiican palate; most of the good-flavored cheese is green, and most of the old cheese is too sharp. The band separator Is growing In popularity, with the increase of dairy knowledge. Reports from many sections sec-tions of country indicate that the number num-ber in use greatly increased during the past year. They have proved a stimulus to milk production. The farmer farm-er has the fresh warm milk for his calves and pigs, and it is fed out in its best state. Many of the speakers sent out by the agricultural colleges have done a great deal to encourage the use of these machines, as most of the speakers on dairy subjects use them, and recommend them highly. It is Interesting to note the way in which the namas of butter lose their significance. There was a time when "good" butter meant the best to be had. That gave way to "best" That too, had to yield to "extra." Even "firsts" are no longer firsts in reality. The unsophisticated buyers are thus placed at a disadvantage In the market mar-ket They may get a medium goods, at a high price, and be none the wiser for it It may be that we will be forced to buying butter on the scoring, scor-ing, if the time ever comes when we can have a reliable scoring and under government supervision. Illinois Swine Breeders In Convention. The Illinois State Swine Breeders' end Experts' Association met at Tay-lorvllle, Tay-lorvllle, Illinois, on the evening of January 9, 1900. About fifty persons answered to their names at roll call. The mayor in a very cordial manner welcomed the swine breeders to the city of Taylorville in a speech which was responded to by J. W. Ward of Mt Vernon, Illinois, vice-president, ft a President Alexander was not present The program was then given. Much intercut was manifested in the papers, and discussions, some of which w hope to publish In coming issues. Ed Klever of Bloomingburg, Ohio, was not present owing to sickness In his family, but sent a paper which was read by the secretary. At the conclusion conclu-sion of the program the meeting adjourned ad-journed till nine o'clock a, m., January 10, to meet at Armory Hall for the purpose of attending the scoring school. At the appointed hour a large number of breeders assembled at Armory Hall where several hogs of the different breeds were scored. Much interest in-terest was manifested on the part of the persons taking part. At the hour of 7 o'clock p. m. the meeting was again called to order by Vice-President Ward. The election of officers resulted in the selection of A. G. Woodbury of Danville, 111., for president; J- W. Ward of Mt. Vernon, vice-president; C. C. Brown of Heyworth, secretary and treasurer. Quite a lively tilt occurred oc-curred over the question of where the next meeting should be held. Some three years before the place had been permanently fixed at Taylorville, a thing which was declared unconstitutional. unconstitu-tional. Taylorville had paid all hall rents at the two previous meetings but at this one seemed disposed to let the association pay its own hall rent. As a result Bement came forward and proposed to furnish hall rent free of cost to the association. Taylorville seeing that the meeting was about to be removed came to the rescue by proposing pro-posing that she would pay the rent as before. A lively discussion followed the motion to locate the meeting at Taylorville for another year, which finally resulted in a victory for Taylorville. Tay-lorville. A banquet was tendered the association in the evening and thus closed one of the most successful meetings meet-ings in the history of the organization. Fattening Fowls by Cramming. Cornell is one of the first places in the United States to experiment in cramming poultry, as is practiced so extensively in England and France, writes S. F. Hafton. On a recent trip to England Prof. Wint purchased in Sussex a poultry cramming machine such as is used in the large fattening plants there, where a cottager with an acre of land and the necessary buildings will have fattening at all times from two hundred to four hundred hun-dred dozen fowls. This machine cost there 4, 10a. It consists of a receptacle re-ceptacle to hold the food, mounted on legs, and so arranged that when the operator pushes a treadle, a quantity quan-tity of food is forced through a rubber rub-ber tube attached to this receptacle. The feeder holds the fowl under his arm, and opening the mouth of the bird to be fed, runs this tube into the crop, when he presses the lever until un-til he has sufficiently filled the crop. Before cramming the fowls are confined con-fined In pens about two feet long and eighteen inches in height and width, containing five fowls each. These pens are raised three feet from the floor, and have bottoms of slats an inch square and an inch apart, for convenience con-venience in feeding and cleaning. The fowls are fed from troughs with the fattening mixture until they refuse to eat. which usually happens in ten days. Then they are crammed twice a day with the food, which is composed com-posed of equal parts of bolted corn-meal, corn-meal, oat flour and barley flour, mixed with skimmed milk, which in cold weather is heated. The English lay great stress on the fattening value of skimmed milk, having it shipped to Sussex, where most of the fattening is done, and paying a high price for it Usually fowls thus fed are ready for market ten days after cramming was begun, or twenty days from confinement. confine-ment. During this time they generally gener-ally nearly double their weight, and the breeds do not differ much in this respect An experienced operator can cram one hundred and eighty fowls per hour, though in England they have become so expert that they' can feed twice that number. An artificially fattened fat-tened fowl always finds a ready sale at the highest market price. Water for Cattle In Winter One item of importance in caring for . the farm cattle in the winter seasan is to see that they have an abundant supply sup-ply of water, of easy access, says an exchange. It is passing strange that we should ever feel obliged to call attention at-tention to this item in the care of live stock. But it is a fact that it is a very common thing to see stock ranging aimlessly about the fields, bawling and showing other evidence of discontent the sure indication that they are not supplied with sufficient water. To say that it is an easier task to write about supplying the cattle with water than to supply it to them when the winds, will not blow and the windmill perform per-form its expected duty, does not meet the case. There is a moral responsibility responsi-bility on those who own live stock, to provide them with those things which are necessaries of life and comfort; com-fort; and water is the first of these things. To supply the cattle liberally with good water is not merely an economic eco-nomic necessity, it is a moral necessity neces-sity which is even more binding on man than the economic necessity of making the most out of his stock. Be sure that the animals have plenty of water, and that the water Is as warm, at least, as that freshly pumped from a well. Drinking boles cut into an icy stream are not to be thought of as an adequate water resource for stock of any kind. The love of poultry raising is one of the requisites of success. The person per-son that "just hates poultry" should let the business alone. Such a person will become discouraged at the first mishap, and will have no inclination to study the needs and the habits of the fowls. To the lover of poultry there is genuine pleasure in caring for the birds; in experimenting with "them and watching tbeir development under un-der different modes of treatment This pleasure Increases as the years go by. There is a great satisfaction in finding out just bow to accomplish certain things. Lady-Bugs and Grain Aphis. Additional Addi-tional evidence comes from the Montana Mon-tana Experiment Station to show the usefulness of the dainty lady-bug. In a study of the grain aphis, lady-bugs were seen to prey upon these pests. The lady-bugs were observed to,, go down upon the roots of grain-i the fall in search of the aphis and' to pass the winter along with the aphis in that situation. The pretty lady-bug should never be destroyed as she is at all times the friend of man. Hedge Fences. I have never been a friend to the hedge. I have several reasons for this. I notice that some very fine hedges are being taken out as I pass along the roads. The fence question is getting pretty well settled, set-tled, and there is not so much demand de-mand for hedges as there was once. Put a fence where it is wanted and it can be changed; a hedtce can't be, nfll f to ta inesjr hi Mi linn IMinl i'"'inMaiinn |