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Show THE SPANISH FORK PRESS. SPANISH FORK. UTAH t Kindergarten Helps for Parents ' ArHctti It rutd fry tht DrMrtmmt of tht Interior, Uurtau of hJucoiion and tht National Kinder garttn Association sembling Red Riding HtxnLt.lvllch they also cut out and mounted. Thus, with the wolf and the flowers and the little girl, they were able to picture out tho whole story, nil from material which would otherwise have been destroyed, I lldnk It U thelij kindergarten training which hus such Ingenuity In the chib dren. ed CONTROLLING TEACHING By MRS. LOUISE CULDLIN sxexx coisfruoijssMLL MfFPf MUWM?S&Y& Document Has Been Restored and Now Rests in Courthouse Where It Was Filed for Probate in 1500. MJfLSO THE anniversary of the birth of George Washington comes again and the whole nation pauses to pay a tribute of respect to the memory of the greatest figure of American history, the realization Is forced home that Washington lives in the hearts of the people so vividly because of his Intensely human traits. The American public of today does not vronrtitjr hero,. who glories gather luster through i effusions of flattering songs and stories, but on intlmute terms of acquaintance with Its Ilzed first president through the most trust let Jthy agency, that of his own I and documents. Through the strides of and the discovery of remarkable r surgery, 60,000 or more private and lul letters, addresses, documents, reports accounts have been collected, repaired bound Into volumes, 400 of them, and are to those who wish to peruse them In the library of congress In the Interest of research. I the most Important of all the papers penned Washington, and the one which, throughout Its lire length. Is the most perfect reflection of i as a man of affairs and of business, is his I will and testament, almost the last document wed by his hand, written about five months 'ore his death. After many and varied vlclssl les this marvelous paper has been repaired saved to posterity by being safely deposited steel vaul In Fairfax courthouse, where It presented for probate In 1800. ushington loved life and crowded Into his years many and varied Interests. Through of only a few of the hundreds of letters him and by him, it Is seen that he en itrusal outdoor sports and games, was proficient them, gambled on horses, cards, cocks lotteries, speculated In lands and stocks, fed almost until the year of his death, loved iters, teas, receptions and all social arnuse-itThough he made constant use of wines 1 table, moderation and method were the Ij.' 'Pt and principle of his life, and these traits : .4 forcefully Illustrated In the 24 pnges of his I which he prepared without legal aid, though c: rary to his usual forethought In leaving this until so late In life. Every line of It bears testimony to his efficiency In business and sense of responsibility, and It shows that he it considerable time In Its preparation, for In using of his various properties In bequests to lives he went Into great detail. io will was signed July 9, 1799, and was for probate at the county seat of the county irglnla In which Washington had lived and January 20, .1800, being, presented In open S wi eiiary hand-writte- n mod-progre- ss . ae-ibl- e six-ve- n s. J - !t by George Steptoe Washington, Samuel pington and Lawrence Lewis, three of the ptors. 1 a ,ong t,me 11 reposed In the office of the I Bt Fnlrfpx Court House, but with the con-- In of the Civil war It was removed to Rich d with other valuable and there lost papers passer a time. It being rumored that It had been UP By a federal soldier and sold abroad, P0!. . npf vcr, it eventually turned up at Fairfax Court iesl le again much the worse for Its travels and '!! P t c nienees. wblS iSen, for a number of years. It was freely Red by visitors and historians, until the - became frayed, great holes appeared, and ofJ l! t,VPry 8heet RP!lt In the creases, and the 0 "iL rumKh 00( faded from the light and ex e w1- -," S' ' t e. inoipoc i'T 11 hecam apparent that steps should be the torn sheets together some one 8 or,y n Fairfax turned the will over to a L i? rea(ent to be mended, which she did most most disastrously wltfi a coarse .n worse thread. Consequently t'qaallJ ofnh 1 6 hol8 nn(1 heavy thread soon worked xii, ter havoc through the a carefully worded 4 ct T i than a grouP of mpn Interested In the collet e l0,,inn Preservation of historic documents, to Mntyi4wrence WB8blngton, sought to have ,urnp over to the government, so that hrcst'h stnte department might have ehiPrt.S to repair and deposit It for , imr troportont papers of the But the Virginia authorities refused e fiif rn.mi1!ntL ihe "nnscrlpt to leave Fairfax Court fro L?,Z'n se, and consequently the aid of the state de partment paper surgeons was rendered unavailable. As a labor of love and appreciation for the historical value of the document and its famous author, the library of congress finally volunteered to send Its most expert manuscript repairer down to Fairfax to make the repairs and put the 24 .pages Into a condition that would Insure them This entailed the against further destruction. shipping to Fairfax of considerable equipment. Including a heavy press. To put the battered paper In good condition required 10 days of the most painstaking work on the part of William Berwick, the librarys skilled manuscript mender, who made dally trips to the quaint old courthouse. The first step toward restoration after he had photographed every one of the ragged pages was setting the Ink. This was done by a liquid process or bath designed to prevent further fading. Then each one of the sheets was backed or mounted upon crepellne, a sort of transparent durable silk gauze, which allowed any reasonable amount of handling. Then came an endless amount of scraping, patching, pasting and cutting which only the deftest, most expert fingers could do, and the results would not have been se remarkably satisfactory but for. a most fortunate circumstance. When it came to grafting new material Into the old manuscript to replace the old which had been worn away, the great problem lay In finding new material that would match In texture and color that upon which the will was written. Mr. Berwick was In despair ns to where to find paper for the patches which would make the will look ns good as new, when by a lucky chance In a second- hand book store in Washington a number of blank sheets of the writing paper which George Washington had made especially for his personal use were discovered. This was exactly what was wanted and now, unless one holds the sheets of the restored will In such a position that the bright light will shine through them, there Is no way of telling where the old part, or rather the origlnul part, leaves off and the grafted sections begin. When Mr. Berwick completed his task, which cost the Fairfax authorities nothing, the sheets of the document, mounted upon cardboard, bound In the form of a book mounted with a handsome red levant cover, were placed In a steel fireproof and burglarproof safe constructed especially for the purpose, in accordance with the specifications of the government officials. The will, which has been called the most valuable relic of any left to posterity by the father of his country more valuable than the swords, books, furniture or china. In view of the fact that It more faithfully portrays the mind of the man himself, reflecting his personality as nothing else could do so perfectly, opens as follows: X, Georg Washington, of Mount Vernon, a cltlsen of th United States and lately president of the same, do make, ordain and declare this Instrument, which Is written with my own hand and every page thereof subscribed with my name to be my last will and testament, revoking all others. To It he directs that: To my beloved wife, Martha Washington, I give and bequeath the use and benefit of my entire estate, real and personal, for the term of her natural life, except such parts thereof as are specifically disposed of. lie also ordered that bis body be Interred In a quiet manner, without parade or funeral oration." One clause, which hus been extensively quoted, is as follows: my win and deUpon the decease of my wife It Is In which I hold my own right sire that ajl the slaves shall receive their freedom. Concerning general gave other part of that none of the disposition of his slaves, the more explicit directions than to any his estate, and he especially directed them should be sold outside of Vir ile directed that his debts, which he said were "few and none of great magnitude," be "punctualHe also called attention ly and speedily paid." of the young men of the many that fact to the Uulted States were being sent abroad to foreign countries to be educated and were contracting habits of dissipation and principles unfriendly to To aid In stopping this republican government. rotomne company in the shares 50 he gave the endowment of a university within the District of Columbia under the auspices of the made provision In general government. lie also a new family vaolt of construction his will for the at Mount Vernon, In which might be placed the remains of himself and his near relatives. The will may he seen through the glass side of the vault In which It Is deposited, before which curtains to exclude the light lung heavy greenHouse Is doubly rich In view of Court Fairfax the fact that It now also treasures the will of Martha Washington, also returned to It after was signed on Sep- many years of wandering. It tember 22, 1800. This will Is not nearly so long nor so Involved as that of General Washington. It was probated In 1802 by George Washington Parke Custls and Thomas Peter, two of the executors, It was tuken up with the disposition of household effects and provisions for the education of her relatives. Three granddaughters, four nieces, her grandson, four nephews, a grandniece and other distant relatives and friends are mentioned. To them she gave paintings, town lots and to nearly all of them she gave from five to ten guineas with which to buy rings. One of the mid provisions was: It Is my will and desire that Ann Mariah Waslilngton, daughter of my niece, be pul Into handsome mourning at my death at the expense of my estate, and I bequeath to her ten guineas to buy a ring. Another unusual order reads: "It Is my will and desire that all of the wine In bottles In the vaults be equally divided between my granddaughters and grandson, to each of whom I bequeath ten guineas to buy a ring for each." All of the family pictures, except a few specifically mentioned, were left to George Washington Parke Custls, and to him went a large collection of .household furnishings. Including beds, water coolers, china and furniture. Special provision was made for the education of three neph ews, who were to be fitted In some useful trade," and she made a further provision that 100 pounds be given to each to set him up In his trade. The belated return of these two famous docu ments, so essentially personal and human In their contents, to the little courthouse where they were both filed for probate over a century ago has made of Fairfax Court House another Mecca for the history-lovin- g tourist, and It Is rapidly falling Into line after Mount Vernon and Alexandria In point of popularity. CHOICE OF BUT TEN STATES. SIMEN-80- A garden Is a pluce where a plant receives the nurture It heeds for Its development, the proper amount of heat, light aud moisture. So a kindergarten may be thought of as an where each child Is supplied with the right conditions for Its development no forcing nor pushing. Just a naturol unfolding of life. how much a child Considering learns during his first six years, how Important It becomes that he should be supplied with Just the light material and the most Intelligent supei vision I All the virtues are developed In klndergurten. The Arab and most Important one Is obedleuce. We mothers know how difficult It Is to establish this habit. Now the kindergarten believes that a child may be led Into obedience without being forced Into It, and It uses many devices to strengthen the habit of obedience during the early years, Oue of the ways In which kindness Is taught In the kindergarten Is to have the children prepare and give gifts at Easter, Valentine's day and May day. Courtesy Is developed through games and stories. The habit of orderliness Is started by requiring the children to put thclr playthings away neatly when they are through with them, and they Instinctively acquire a sense of order from the orderly procedure followed In the plays and games and work. Kiddles Love Stories. The atories used In kindergarten are such as all children love to hear. They are written by experts In child study, and prepared and told In an Interesting manner. While they are always amusing and delightful, they also contain a vital truth which sinks deep Into the subconscious mind. Imperceptibly teaching the children some Important moral or ethical lesson. We mothers little know how much of the courtesy, cheerfulness and gentleness which our little ones seem naturally to possess may be traced back to some Impressions made upon their plastic minds through these stories. The music and songs of the kindergarten appeal strongly to the child. All that the child feels within he must be given frequent opportunity to express without, for, as Froebel says, even affection may die In a child If not properly nourished. The following song Is part of a game In which the children play they are gathering flowers for father's birthday: The Flower Basket Weave th little baeket, fill It up with poelea. Hoses from th garden, blossoms from th wood. With our birthday wishes, with our songs and kisses. New York state had no part In the election of Give It to th father, dear and kind the first president of the United States. For some and good. years following the establishment of the federal With smiles and with singing, Our most of the states gift ws srs bringing; government, the legislatures of But lova la ths trsasura chose the presidential electors, the people voting Wa glva without measure. for them only Indirectly, their choice being exEmily Huntington Miller. pressed by their votes for legislators. A deadlock A child feels a great deal which he between the senate and the assembly prevented Froebel the selection of electors from New Tork state. cannot express in words. Rhode Island h Carolina had not yet noted the restlessness of the little ratified the Constitution, so Washington was child end hls constant use of his elected the first time by the votes of only ten of hands, lie therefore devised a series the 13 states. of occupations appropriate to this New York city was the scene of the first Inaugumental stage. Ella Flagg Young aald to be trained effration, however. Washington took the oath on that the child-minthe portico of Federal hall, on the present site cf iciently must have much emotional as the snbtrensury, at Wall and Nassau streets, April well ae purely academic or Intellectual She spoke of the Indus30, 1789. Immediately following this ceremony he experience. retired within the building and delivered an ad- trial work of the school as giving this dress to congress, which met In Federal hall In In Its most wholesome form and said those days. John Adams, the second president, that every time the child' hand graspalso addressed congress In person, but Jefferson ed a tool with which he might work broke thn custom which President Wilson hns re- out an Idea he had an emotional imvived. Jefferson stigmatized that form of address pulse that benefited him. Now the as monarchical and put his message In writing. child In kindergarten Is given maNew York Sun. terial and tools and allowed to work out hls own Ideas, Thus the powers of imagination and creativeness are BUILT FROM HIS OWN PLANS. kept alive Instead of being allowed to At the late date of 1827 a wish expressed by die out, perhaps never to appear George Washington In his will was obeyed. He again, aa la the cat with so many had called attention to his selection of a spot for people. Want to Maka Things, a new tomb for himself and family and those of the family already burled In the old vault The Such construction work has helped old tomb was disadvantageous situated on the my children greatly, for, after they side of a hill which was subject to landslides. come home from kindergarten, they For the new vault he specified not only the simt, always want to make things, and If I but also dimensions and materials. According to upply material, appreciation and Inthese, his own plans, a tomb was built, and tys terest in what they tre doing, they and Mrs. Washingtons bodies were transferred pass many bnsy happy hours during to It. along with the remains In the old vault of the afternoons In severe winter other members of the family. The latter were weather when it la too cold to play burled within the vault, out of sight, while the outdoors. It has developed their Inbodies of General and Mrs. Washington are In genuity to a remarkable extent, nntll stone coffins above the ground, within plain view now they see possibilities In almost between a grated Iron doorway, everything. For Instance, from the cards found In milk chocolate packages they REALISTIC. qjit ont the pretty house and barns, "You have a realistic picture to advertise your mount them on stands and maka vilbreakfast fool." lages. Almost too realistic. A goat came along and They cut away one end of a gelatin ate one right off the billboard." Louisville Coui box, put gablea on the other end, and cut doors and windows In the sides. From oatmeal boxes they cut out the figure of the man, and also cut out perplexity. the letters for making little words or "You used to promise anything that might learning the alphabet. please the voter's fancy." In a picture book which they had "Yes," observed Senator Sorghum, "I dont themselves colored and become tired try that any more. Voters are getting so notlonate of they found pictures of a wolf and you cant even tell what kind of a promise Is go. some flowers. These they cut out and Ing to suit their fancy." mounted. On an old calendar they found a picture of a little girl re and-Nort- d CHILDREN OBEDIENCE By MRS. ISABEL S. WALLACE. Ilow ninny things enu be made by folding ordinary wrapping puper I Sol-- , dler caps for small boys kept them amused a long time. A house and furdollies make niture with a few cut-ou- t such busy little girls, After all It Is the simplest thing that makes children happiest. When ot my mother's home one time my little girl folded end cut e house, windows, doors and all. Her grandmother was delighted and the little one said : "We'll keep It to show grandpa and I guess hell sny I am a smart Tottle." With a little thought mothers con learn how to fold and teach their children to fold a number of things. It Is excellent practice In accuracy and neatness, besides affording the Joy of making something. In a regular kindergarten all the sets of blocks, which are of different sizes, are kept In boxes with covers, and each child puts bis away carefully und correctly or else the cover will not fit. Then all the sets are collected end packed In a closet by a few of the children. Children love to help keep things In order and enjoy doing It At home, also, a child should have a place for hls toys. A playroom Is Ideal, but if this runnot be provided, some place surely can be found, even In a small flut, which a child may have for hls very own to keep hls ' From the age of sixteen toys In. months I Insisted that my little girl put her toys aw-oneatly. We began It as play, and now It Is a habit Of course, sometimes she Is In very much of a hurry to do something else, bat the toys are put away In the end. We made her e large drygoods box, standing up on end. My husband put cheap castors on It and two shelves across It There all the small toys are kept Th blocks have their own boxes ; the small things have baskets; and crayons, pictures and papers go Into a box with a cover. All of them fit Into the shelves; also the animals, dolls trunks, washtubs and many other such things. Teaching Good Order. One day when my child was not at home, a little girl came In for a visit. I took her Into the playroom and left her there very happy. After a short When I retime she went home. turned to the playroom I found everything so scattered over the floor that there was hardly room to walk. The next time the little girl came, I had a talk with her. I have made It a rule, and It Is a hard rule to keep, for some mothers are offended, that If a child ' will not help put away the toys care- fully when he Is ready to go home, then he cannot come back to play ' with that toy again until he la ready to do what I ask. My little girl was j playing at a neighbor's a few days ' later. When It was time to come home I went for hcrl The children were cutting out pictures and had made a ' dreadful muse on the table, chairs and floor. I told my little girl to help ' pick them up before putting on her things. The mother snld: "Oh, that's all right, Sadie never picks up scraps; I do that So dont make your little girl do It" And my child smiled and ' calmly said: "Its all right, mother, I don't have to pick up here." Then I told the mother about my rule and explained that It wasn't mere crankiness on my part, but a desire to form good habits In the children. All children are naughty at times and It Is so hard to know how to deal Justly with them. One day when I was very busy my little girl came In ' from ploying In the garden. I suppose she was tired and hungry, but she did not herself know what was the mat-- 1 ter. She began to try a new kind of naughtiness, lying down on the floor, kicking and screaming and aaylng naughty things to me. 1 wa amazed, and quite puzzled ae to how to treat such a proceeding. At first I Ignored her, but she kept It up. I asked a few . questions In a kindly way, but that seemed to fan the flame. I was busy. In a hurry, warm and tired and began to get very angry. Controlling Temper. Nevertheless I realized that If I could not control my temper, I could not exchild to do so. ' 8o pect a I pondered over what to do. Finally I went and picked her up and carried her to a chair where we both sat, or flopped down, as It was no easy task carrying a kicking, crying mass of I never said a word, but rocked her quietly. After a little while she stopped, and I began to sing softly. She almost went to sleep. Then X and knew she was s'uply over-tire- d I was so thankful that X had not Indulged my own temper In any way. After a short time we had lunch and then the went to bed for her afternoon nap. She slept hours, repairing the wasted energy and her nerves In blessed sleep. She has never ' tried that trick again. I find a word of praise goes so much farther than blame, and the bright look. eyes give back such a grateful to little began girl Last autumn my loves the She to kindergarten. go work and Is always so proud to show what she has made. I was very anx-lou- s for her to go, as she was shy and needed to learn "team work" and to rub up against other children la order to polish the corners. y y. 4 i |