Show was no chance to hold her and her crew took to their boats and landed on the opposite side of the river after setting her on Are Soon lightened by the loss of the crew and by the Are she drifted off and blazing and saluting with bursting shells she drifted down the river until finally the fire reached her magazine and her career was ended in one great explosion Dewey was next attached to the steam gunboat Agawan of the North Atlantic blockading squadron and he took part in the two attacks made on Fort Fisher in December 1864 and January 1865- In March 1865 he got his commission as and as such Berved on the famous old Kearsarge and on me Co- HEROES OF MANILA MEN WHO DEWEY AIDED IN THE FIGHT The Greatest Fighter ef Them AU Never Naval A catlemy Sew the Ji nettle of —Dyer of the Baltlroote Sooond to Dewey The magnificent victory won by Commodore Dewey over the Spanish down as one at Manila of the quickest and most daring achievements In the naval history not only of the United States but of the entire world That he dared navigate the harbor In the dead of night knowing it was mined so as to be in & position as soon' as day broke to attack the enemy was an exhibition of pluck that has amazed the world His success in annihilating the Spanish fleet has been recognized by the United States government by a resolution of congratulation and he will also be From navy promoted to rear admiral officers in all parts of the world his achievement has called forth words of will go fleet admiration been While much - lieutenant-command- lorado the flagship of the European squadron until 1868 when he was sent for service to the Naval academy He was commissioned commodore on Feb- ruary 1896 the fiagship Olympia was born in In- diana but was appointed a cadet from has already not overlook the gallant commanders who so nobly stood by their ships in the battle of Manila and upon each of whom a share of the honor of the great victory must be given Of Commodore Dewey much can be written His christening of fire was aboard the old steam sloop Mississippi under Farragut in the early days' of the civil war Commodore Dewey is now about 61 years old He belongs in Vermont and he was appointed to the Naval Academy from that state in 1854 Four years later September when he was graduated he was sent- 28 Of the captains serving uhder Commodore Dewey Charles V Gridley of written about Commodore Dewey we must er Michigan on September 26 1860 He remained in the Naval academy until 1863 when he was made an ensign and attached to the steamship Oneida of the West Gulf squadron from 1863 to 1865 He was on board his ship in the battle of Mobile bay on August 5 1864 At the close of the war having served in a number of engagements he was attached to the steam Bloop Brooklyn of the Brazilian squadron and later was on board the Kearsarge He was promoted to lieutenant on February 21 1867 and to one year later and assigned to the Michigan and afterward to the Monongahela He was executive officer of the flagship Trenton of the European squadron and was made lieutenant-com- mander - mond and the Morgan He then eerv ed on the Elk and later on the Stock dale and subsequently did shore duty at the bureau of navigation He wa made commander in the regular navy on March 12 1868 While commanding the Ossippee going from the Mexican coast to the north an incident happened which showed his bravery and the regard he had for his men A sailor in adjusting a sail accidentally slipped and fell overboard Captain Dyer who was on deck and saw the sailor fall Immediately jumped in and saved the man from drowning and from the sharks He has done duty at the Boston navy-yar- d and has been assigned respectively to the Pointer the New Hampshire the Wabash and the Tennessee He has been lighthouse inspector and was in command of the Marion of the Asiatic squadron in 1867 and again in 1890 Captain Joseph B Coghlan of the cruiser Raleigh was born in Kentucky but was appointed to the Naval academy from Illinois on September 2 1863 His first sea duty was on the Sacramento in special service He was made master and afterward on May 10 1866 was promoted to lieutenant and was executive officer of the Pawnee He was then transferred to the Guer-rier- e and made lieutenant-commandon March 12 1868 He served on the Richmond and then on the ironclad Saugus of the North Atlantic squadron and later on the Monongahela and the Indiana He was promoted to commander in February 1882 Captain Asa Walker of the cruiser Concord is- a native of New Hampshire and entered the’ Naval academy on November 27 1862 graduating four years later He was first assigned to the North Atlantic squadron and made ensign in 1868 and afterward did ordnance duty in the Portsmouth navy- er - Two AMERICA AND OTHER COUNTRIES COMPARED la ConThe Effect of nection with Accidents — The Small Number of Fatalities In Great Britain Grade-Croisln- gi —— Careleeuneei the Fault of Amerloaae Franklin B Locke contributes an article to the May Century on ‘‘Railway Crossings in Europe and America” the paper being fully illustrated: With the casualties that are property classified as due to grade crossings are generally included accidents to trespassers— that is persons who attempt to cross or walk at grade upon the lines between the prescribed crossThis class of accidents forms a ings large factor in the sum total of deaths and injuries and great care is taken by the foreign companies to protect the d public In this particular Fully of all the accidents to persons on the English roads belong to this one-thir- class and while It Is generally regarded that these accidents are the result pt carelessness on the part of those who take the risks of entering upon the lines it is nevertheless noticeable that no reasonable precautions are neglect-a- d In America as a whole scarcely any provision is made for preventing this class of accidents In the state of Massachusetts alone there are about half as many deaths from this cause as in the whole of Great Britain and Ireland and during the last fifteen years nearly of all the fatalities upon the railways in that state have been of this class By averaging the fatalities occurring in Great Britain and Germany and comparing with the average for Massachusetts and Connecticut the proportion is about as seven to one in favor of the foreign countries Certain classes of accidents are now almost unknown in Germany Accidents to pedestrians at road crossings or to passengers from crossing the tracks at stations are hardly possible at the present time (Anyone attempting to walk upon fhe (track is sure to be stopped and very isevere penalties are imposed for any defiance of the orders of an employe In this connection a few broad comparisons are very significant In the jcity of Buffalo for instance it was reported a few years ago that sixty-on- e fatalities occurred at grade crossings in eighteen months being two more Than the number reported for the whole of Germany for the previous five years Again in the report of the Terminal Commission to the mayor and n council of Chicago It was stated 'that over two hundred people lost their lives at the grade crossings in that city In 1891 This is nearly as many fatalities as occurred in the whole of Great Britain and Ireland from the same cause duing the succeeding five years These figures seem to indicate that these two cities afford from three to five times as many fatalities of this class as the whole of Great Britain and Ireland and Germany combined Generally speaking the objections to grade crossings were clearly foreseen in England and the remedies were applied in the cities when the railways were established In the country districts there are still a considerable number of grade crossings They are however as by no means so numef-ouon the continental lines Under the regulation of railway acts 1868 and 1871 a penalty of forty shillings is provided for the offense of entering or being upon a railway except for the purpose of crossing the same at some authorized crossing It is provided however that the offending party Bhall first have been warned by the agents of the company This latter fact somewhat reduces the efficiency of the regulation as it is often difficult to give satisfactory proof of warning The board of trade have made regulations and recommendations as to the arrangements at stations and regarding the protection of grade crossings where they exist Platforms are to be not less than three feet above rail level Each pasexcept in rare instances senger track is to have its separate platform and stress is laid upon the principle that passengers should find it difficult and always unnecessary to descend upon the tracks The character of gates and the manner of operating them are prescribed Private road crossings are also provided with gates and under the law of 1845 a penalty is provided for persons who neglect to close them after 'passing through and persons using them enter upon the track at their own risk The comparative freedom from accidents of all classes on the English roads is due to much investigation by parliamentary commissions many of the reports by these commissions being very suggestive and valuable Among other tangible results of these investigations has been a wide extension in 1871 of the powers of the railway department of the board of trade Since that time and largely through the efforts of the board there has been a marked decrease in railway casualties throughout Great Britain as indicated by the statistics covering these matone-ha- lf s aboard the steam frigate Wabash for a cruise In the Mediterranean Dewey got his commission as lieutenant on April 19 1861 eight days after Fort Sumter was fired upon and he was Immediately assigned to join the Mississippi and do duty with the West He was on the MisGulf squadron THE VICTORIOUS ASIATIC SQUAD RON sissippi when she took part with other vessels in forcing an entrance to the Mississippi river and again when the fleet ran the gauntlet commander on March 10 1882 He yard Remaining there a short time of fire from the forts below" New Or- was for a time assigned to the torpedo he went aboard the Jamestown where leans in April 1862 and forced the station and also to the Boston navy-yar- d he served until 1871 He has served He was made commander of the on the Essex the practice ship Dale surrender of that city The ship he was in belonged to Captain Bailey’s Jamestown In 1884 and was inspector of the Trenton of the Asiatic squadron division of the fleet which attacked lighthouses at Buffalo N Y when asand on two different occasions has signed to the Asiatic squadron Fort St Philip been assigned to duty at the Naval Captain N Mayo Dyer of the cruis- academy The hottest fight that the Mississippi er Baltimore has had a diversified caCaptain E P Wood of the dispatch ever engaged in was her last one and reer and has fought his way up to a this was perhaps as hot as any of the captaincy without ever having attend- boat Hugh McCulloch is from Ohio war In March 1863 the fleet tried ed a naval academy No man in the and entered the Naval academy on to run by the Confederate batteries at navy has a better record for bravery September 23 1863 graduating in 1867 Port Hudson Some of the ships got and daring than the gallant captain He was then assigned to the Minneas far as a narrow part of the chan- of the Baltimore He entered the vol- sota on special service and made ennel where they met land batteries al- unteer navy at the outbreak of the sign In 1871 he was promoted to most muzzle to muzzle and then they civil war as a master's mate and servlieutenant and placed aboard the Conwere forced to retreat The Missis- ed in the engagements of the West Gulf gress then on special service He did A squadron For gallant and meritorious duty on the Portsmouth also on spesippi did not get as far as this foggy day had been chosen for the at- conduct he was promoted to acting cial service From 1881 to 1884 he was tempt and this was Boon made more ensign on May 13 1863 and later to assigned to duty at the Naval academy and then served on the Monongahela obscure by the smoke of battle and ensign and assigned to the Glasgow amid this the Mississippi lost her bear- Afterward he was made master and on special service He was with the ings and ran ashore Her officers placed In command of the Randolph In North Atlantic squadron In 1890 and found she had struck just under the 1864 which operated In Mobile bay was promoted to commander In that guns of a battery In the middle of the His vessel was sunk by & torpedo on year line of fortifications and one of the April 1 1865 After the surrender he Captain Frank Wildes of the Bosstrongest of the lot In half an hour was promoted to acting volunteer lieu- ton comes from Massachusetts He £50 shots struck the vessel and she tenant and put in command of two of is a graduate of Annapolis aud Berved ters was riddled from end to end There the surrendered ships the Black Dia- - with gallantry through the war r 4 it ’s J NitualliU Orwt with Widely Varying Field " com-mo- Far-ragut- BEWICK AND AUDUBON RAILWAY CASUALTIES The naturalist’s mind is above all things receptive open to impression not creative a sensitive plate which records if it can and if it cannot ren ceives the impressions for its own and enjoyment We believe that the very best record extar--t cf this and of the Impressions which such minds rcelve from nature and of the mingled characters and relativity of these impressions is seen in the cuts in Bewick’s two volumes on birds— not so much in the plates of the birds a in the little vignettes with which the book is adorned and in the tiny landscapes often Inserted behind the figures of the different species He know the wrinkles In the bark of every sort of tree the natural line of the splits and the cracks in dead wood and living wood thd angle that each kind of twig makes with its parent branch when living and the portions it loses when dead Every shift of weather the carpentry of the shed the gate the bam the record of the tombstone and the death and decay of men animals and trees were all recorded on the sensitive plate of this northern naturalist’s brain He evidently derived intense satis-factlo- recep-tivene- ss satisfaction from his way of life Yet his area of Interest was very limited This mattered very little to one who made such use of it But though change and variety are In time greatly desired and the new sights give keener pleasure than the old for in natural history as in other things the appetite grows by what it feeds on it may be doubted whether the enjoyment necessarily increased with the quantity of food provided Audubon who had half a continent to roam over from Florida to Labrador and from New England to the Rocky Mountains was not more whose keenly happy than Bewick range was limited to the moors of s corner of Northumberland of which Audubon himself notes in his journals that ‘‘for sixteen miles he saw no object of interest” The meeting of Bewick and Audubon at Newcastle and their reciprocal display by the one of his paintings from the wealth of American fauna and flora and by the other of his inimitable engravings saturated with the spirit of rural New England forms not the least pleasing incident of Audubon’s first visit to this country and it would be difficult to say which thought the better of the other tha country-lovin- Northumberland g graver or the French-America- n en- painter-naturali- st Genuine enthusiasm in their work and that identity of sympathy of which their love for the outdoor life and nature was a guarantee explain the perfect understanding which arose between them — London Spectator three queer cities AU Bollt on Inlands Connected by Many Bridge The city of Ghent in Belgium la built on twenty-si- x islands These Islands are connected with each other by eighty bridges The city has three hundred streets and thirty public squares It is noted for being the birthplace of Charles V and of John of Gaunt whom Shakespeare called “time honored Lancaster’ and as the scene of the pacification of Ghent Nov 8 1576 and of several insurrections n sieges and executions of It is associated with Ampersonages erican history by the treaty made there December 24 1814 terminating the second war between England and the United States known as the war of 1812 Amsterdpun In Holland Is built on piles driven far below the water into the earth The city is intersected by many canals which are spanned by nearly three hundred bridges and resembles Venice in the mingling of land and water though it is considerably larger than that city The canals divide the city which is about ten miles In circumference into about ninety islands The city of Venioe is bult on eighty islets which are connected by Canals nearly four hundred bridges serve as streets in Venice and boats called gondolas for carriages The bridges are as a rule very steep rising considerably in the middle but The circumference have easy steps of the city is about eight miles The Venetians Joined the Lombard league against the German emperor and In 1177 gained a great victory in defense of Alexander III over the fleet of war vessels headed by Otto son of Freder lc Barbarossa In gratitude for this victory the Pope gave the Doge Zlanl a ring and Instituted the ceremony of "Venice marrying the Adriatic sea" In this ceremony the Doge as the chief ruler of Venice used to be termed with appropriate dropped a ring into the sea every year in recognition of the wealth and trade carried to Venice by the well-know- world-famo- us oere-monl- es Adriatic Hot Sealing Wax A little hot sealing wax dropped oa his hand has Just killed the Earl of Clonmel blood poisoning having set in Born In Smyrna Justice Brewer of the supreme court was born in Smyrna Asia Minor where his parents were missionaries |