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Show SOUTH CACHE COURIER Sees Forest Conservation Need: ' contributed so bountifully to the development of the Middle West are . now little more than memories. Although some, old growth chiefly hardwood still remains, the most significant aspect is the large prcn portion of inferior species, notably jack pine and aspen, in the second growth. example, were built of yellow popHaving looked in vain for timber lar. Yellow poplar grows almost as in other important forest surpluses fast as any of our softwoods and is we turn at last to the West regions, as just easily worked. But today it coast is far too precious to put into bams. The timber of Idaho and Montana It is no longer a significant part of was almost untouched up to 1900. the stock of the local lumber yards. But the wave of is rolling depletion All the big pine operations are now this country with startling through Outfrom the Missouri Ozarks. gone speed. In Idaho the five northern put of softwood lumber in Missouri counties were opened ' up first and in 1942 was only 30 million board were soon pretty thoroughly exfeet. Yet in 1899 most of the three-fourtof reached a Output ploited. billion board feet of lumber 705 million board feet in 1925. peak In 1937 cut in that state was softwood. it was only 292 million. Obviously Throughout the hill country from payrolls in these northern counties eastern Ohio to western Missouri, declined in about the same ration as millions of acres of once magnificent lumber production. Towns like Sand-poihardwood forests have degenerated and Coeur dAlene were hard into mere brush cover. Many of the hit and Spokane turned its eyes from the panhandle of Idaho to the Grand Coulee dam. The increased output now coming from the five counties farther south rests on a precarious base. Only of the 10 million acres of forest in North Idaho is in white pine sawtimber yet this tenth is bearing Left, shows Yanks released from Romanian prison camps lining op for hot showers and new clothing whik the brunt of current cut. 'White pine outfits are deloused. Lower right, another gronp, former prisoners of Bulgaria, line up for fo output is now 2 times what the for- their old cream sodas in Egypt. Upper left, Sergt. Eddy Lauary, Lancaster, Ohio, was postmaster in Romanian prison. ests can sustain. But even within this region, the Right, Corp. George Cale, Columbus, Ohio, enjoys his first American meaL apparent surplus is local in character. The only area still largely undeveloped is a portion of southern Oregon. In the older districts, notably around Puget Sound, the bulk of the readily accessible sawEven in New England, where this timber has been removed. Sawmills huge red oak towering 130 feet up and have shut down and pulp mills have The measuring almost 20 feet in circumfer- assumed greater importance. ence was cut, there is no real timber available stand is no longer as large surplus. as the growing stock needed to sushardwood industries of the Ohio and tain a cut commensurate with the Mississippi valleys must now pay growth capacity of the land. heavy transportation charges for f The lower Columbia river district raw material from other regions in with 170 large mills and 40 billion order to continue operation. Some of feet of sawtimber is already feeling them face extinction. the pinch of scarcity. About half of The lake states affords one of the private sawtimber belongs to two large companies. Most of the the most serious chapters of our forest history. Here are some 52 other mills face difficulty in getting million acres of generally level the timber they need for long-tim- e forest land, favorably located operation. with reference to important inI want to close by stating my conviction that a comprehensive legisdustrial and agricultural sections. Extensive clear cutting lative charter is needed to give efand uncontrolled forest fire have national forfect to a made a large part of this area est policy and to strengthen the an economic liability. foundation for timely postwar action The white pine and red pine which in the forestry field. Yank Fliers Released From Nazi Prison Canip Vast Areas of Spent Timberland Attest to Careless Practices By LYLE F. WATTS (Chief U. S. Forest Service) Recently, in an address be fore a section of the Society of American Foresters at Milwaukee, Wis., I discussed the nations forest situation and presented the need for reasonable public control of the treatment of private forest lands. In commenting on that paper, a friend of mine ... alleged that, In normal periods the basic American forestry problem is not one of scarcities but of surpluses, not of timber famine but of timber abundance. I want to explore that philosophy because, if it is true, there is really no occasion for much concern about forest conservation. In discussing this question of scarcity versus abundance, I want to make it clear that forestry is something more than boards, ties, cord-woo- d and other forest products. To me forestry has a human side. It encompasses permanent communities with prosperous industries and a stable tax base. It means good schools, public health and attractive homes. It means security for the worker to invest in a home and for the butcher, the baker, and beauty shop keeper to invest in a business. Seventy per cent of New England Is. forest land, but 75 per cent of all the wood products consumed in New England comes from outside the region. The only evidence of surplus, so far as I know, is in small material which cannot be marketed eVen under the intense demand of the huge industrial population. The hurricane of 1938, followed by abnormal wartime requirements for box boards, has left only scattered remnants of merchantable white pine in. central New England. Scarcity of stumpage forced several of the leading operators in Massachusetts to move out of that state recently. Even in the wild lands of Maine, most of which have been gone over several times by logging operations since colonial times, the average cut of pulpwood, taking all that is considered merchantable from the ground, is estimated at only four cords per acre. Such an no implies average certainly troublesome surplus of available timber. , Not so many generations ago Pennsylvania was the leading source .of the nations lumber supply. In 1941 it ranked 23rd among the states with an output of less than 1 per cent of the total. The original pine 'forests have been largely replaced by scrub oak and other hardwoods as a result of fire following logging. The forest survey for Virginia showed sawtimber growth in 1940 some 25 per cent in excess of drain by cutting. So perhaps we should find a timber surplus here. But of what significance is an excess of growth over drain when lumber output is only about half of what it was 30 years earlier? The decline in Virginias lumber output is a reflection of sawtimber scarcity. Stands with as much as 8,000 board feet per acre occupy less than 4 per cent of the total forest area. More wood was consumed by use than for lumber in 1940. ' . The coastal plain and Piedmont regions of the Deep South contain over 150 million acres of land wonderfully adapted to tree growth but not well suited for other purposes. AU but a small fraction of the timber . has been cut so that any surplus must be in second growth. of this great Almost three-fourtacreage is in thrifty second growth, yet the growing stock is rated at less than half of what it should be. Some 10 million acres, mostly in the longleaf pine belt of the coastal h plain, lie denuded. Only of the total cubic volume of pine is sawlog material and almost three-fourtof that is in trees less than 16 inches in diameter. In spite of the ease of reproduction and the exceptionally rapid growth of the more valuable pines, hardwoods now account for almost 60 per cent of the cubic volume of all trees. The timber supply is vital to the great agricultural states of the Middle West The situation became so acute in 1942 that two large farm cooperatives bought sawmills in distant forest regions in order to be sure of having the lumber they needed. Had the forests of this region been given proper care from the beginning, farmers might still be able to meet many of their needs from local timber. Most of the older barns in southern Ohio and Indiana, for low-gra- non-lumb- er th one-fourt- . nt one-ten- th Almost Everything Went Underground in France well-round- National War Fund Drive: Almost Half of Money to Go Toward Cheering U. S. Fighters $ - A home front army four million strong went into action October 1 in every city and county of the United States to back up the fighting fronts in providing essential wartime services for our own and our Allies. In a single united appeal in some communities throughout the United States, this army of volunteer workers, enlisted under the aegis of the national war fund and united war chests, is seeking contributions for the support of local welfare services and to provide for the needs of the men and women of our own armed forces, American prisoners of war, the men of our merchant marine and civilian war victims among the United Nations. The combined objective of the volunteers in this army is contributions in excess of $250,000,-00Beneficiaries of this vast fund will be an estimated 60,000,-00- 0 people who, in some way, will be touched by the services of the federated war chests and the 22 member agencies of the national war fund. When the operations of this vast army have been concluded, it is believed that approximately 35,000,000 individuals and family groups will have contributed to the vital work of the various organizations, both at home and in some 91 major geographical areas on six continents. Out of every dollar contributed for the national war fund agencies, 46 cents will be spent to provide comfort, entertainment and relaxation for our own armed forces. The expenditure of this proportion of contributions will finance the activities of the following organizations: USO, which brings a touch of home to our fighting forces in some 3,000 units from Alaska to Brazil and from Newfoundland to Hawaii; USO camp shows, which carry professional entertainment around the globe to our servicemen and women in combat zones, in base stations and hospitals; United Seamens service, which maintains a chain of hotels on six continents and rest centers in this country for the men of our merchant ma- 10,000 0. SAVE GOOD TIMBER IN WOODLOT h, well-forme- six-inc- who see that the goes of munitions and vital carmaterials of war get through to the fight- ing fronts; War Prisoners aid, which provides recreational, educational and cultural materials for prisoners of war to afford an antidote for the boredom so aptly termed barbed wire disease. Approximately 32 cents out of every national war fund dollar will be spent to provide emergency relief for civilian victims of war in the nations of our Allies, overrun and occupied by the Nazi invaders. Assistance for the peoples of the Axis - dominated nations includes: food and clothing for Chinese war orphans; medical kits and medicine for the Yugoslavs; subsistence rations for millions of starving seeds to replant the Greeks; scorched earth of Russia; dried milk for undernourished Norwegian school children; food packages for Belgian refugees; seed packets for British Victory gardens to ease the critical food shortage; aid for millions of Polish refugees scattered throughout the world; care in this country for child evacuees froir Europe; food and clothing for needy people of France; and aid of various kinds for war victims of Czechoslovakia, Luxembourg, Denmark, Holland and Italy. , The remainder of the war fund for addollar, including ministration, will be held in a contingent fund for emergency needs and unforeseen developments resulting from the liberation of occupied nations. The home-froarmy will take to its task with the following message of inspiration from Gen. Dwight D. Eisenhower, supreme commander of the Allied expeditionary force: AU Americans know it is a privilege to contribute to the national and community war funds in this year of liberation. Complementing our military campaigns, the ' services which flow from these funds reach out to friends and neighbors at home and abroad and to the oppressed peoples of - the world. (Signed) Dwight D. Eisenhow- - Brests wounded went underground and remained for 32 days during artillery bombings (right). Wounded were not all that went underground. American army discovered vast stores of Swiss cheese (left) the German were forced to leave behind. Now the GIs will have something special to put on their crackers, and the Nazis will be without their prize cheese. Newest Watch on the Rhine Saddle and Boots The 1944 versioh of the Watch on the Rhine, shows a British soldier in command post as he guards the bridge across wall, the Rhines main outlet to the sea. This is the first time during the present war that Allied troops have taken command of any large section of the Rhine, a fallen stronghold of the Germans. Todd Watley, riding a bucktot broncho, shows the hoys and S and the GIs, how a Rodeos acts. From the Wests wid to eopen spaces, he has gone east anneo ntertain the members of the forces and kids of New York. RodeoJ continue to operate during war as morale builder. two-thir- nt BY BURNING poorly formed trees Usually, the cut in the woodlot bums just as well as wood from should be no more than 30 per cent trees. Wood from in any one year, and the sooner future saw-lo- g another cut can be made from the such weed trees as ironwood, shad-busand even beech, has a high same woodland. Cutters should keep d in mind that a hardwood beating value. The temptation ' is to strip the tree 10 inches on the stump is probwoodlot when firewood is cut, thereably 50 years old, but would yield h log containing four by destroying local and national re- only a sources for the future. The Winter board feet, Doyle scale, or 0.09 Fuel and A Better Woodlot, is one standard cord of wood. In eight slogan that has been used by many years niiore this tree would be 12 woodland f owners in this state. inches, would contain 16 board feet Wood from line Yank Bombers Hit Philippines Collie Does Watch POORER STANDS (four times as much lumber), oi 0.17 cord of wood. If left fifteen year: this tree would be 14 inches on the stump, would contain 36 board fee in the first log and 8 in the seconc cord of wood. log, or Green wood will burn, but sea soned wood is preferred, as it i. lighter to handle, has more An oil storage dump at Cedu In the Philippines burns fiercely after and forms less creosote it the chimney. Most of the seasonini direct bomb hits which were delivered from bombers on carrier base takes place during the first su from the Third Fleet. As the result of this raid, more than 200 enemy planes were destroyed, and the softening up of the Philippines continued months after the tree is cut In anticipation of MacArthur landings in near future. one-quart- hea-value- , sleeP8 The lady watching the of t1 one sailor, happens to be golden haired collie pups, c , cently became part of the ment of Twin U. S. Naval She has two weather eyes P1 anyone disturbing her master. |