OCR Text |
Show BE SAVING SOIL Description of Implement That Will Make Best Mulch With Least In Jury to Plants Device Is Dragged Over Surface. farmers supply of moisture for maturing a crop of corn often depends upon his skill in preserving the rain-fal- L This may be done by keeping a over his dust mulch or cultivated field. With this aim In view, some farmers drag a mower wheel between the corn rows. While this Is successful in a large degree, it has been found that the wheel often injures the brace roots of the corn. The implement that will make the best mulch with the least injury to the corn Is the one described. Procure dust-blanke- CROP ON YIELD ,Ce Good Farming Requires That Lack of Lime Be Supplied Amount to ter-Tim- e as t" Crop yields are limited by a lack of lime. Good farming requires that the The tendency of lack be supplied. soils to lose their lime results finally In clover failure and gives opportunity to sorrel, plantain and other worthless plants which thrive with a lower percentage of lime In the soil. The amount of lime that Should be applied to land varies. If a soil is a tenacious clay and physical improvement Is desired, an application of two or three tons of stone lime may be profitable. Ordinarily, lime is applied to make a soil friendly to clover and other plants; and the equivalent of ton of stone one to one and limq per acre, applied once in each rotation, is usually a maximum amount. In many Instances 1,000 pounds per acre will accomplish the desired result, and smaller amounts may be sufficient. The equivalent of 1,000 pounds of stone lime represents between and 1,350 pounds of slacked (hydrated) lime, or a little less than one ton of raw limestone reduced to a powder. While some experiments seem to show that ground limestone has given a little better return than the caustic forms such returns are not usually sufficiently greater to justify the use of ground limestone at a disproportionate price. one-ha- FOR CLOVER Heads of Plant Clipped Off to Secure Seed Contained in Them Blow Into Receptacle. two boards 5 feet long 10 inches wide, and 2. inches thick for tjie frame. Beneath tills frame run cross sections of material about 12 inches apart diagonally with frame of drag. Let the back ones be longer than the front ones, and extend toward the inside of the frame. The frame is fastened together at the front end with an so it can be bent In fastened through the frame. This allows the drag to take an ,lf the chain hitch is fastened on the outside corners. Across the rear end is an adjustable chain for regulating the width of 'the spread. This is used to allow the drag to spread and close, so as to accommodate Itself to the width f the corn rows. It works all the ground between them, and does not injure the brace roots. The instrument Is especially needed after the corn has become too large to cultivate with a cultivator. Ralph A. Page, in Popular a ti life cmzZRs jzrwc&jrjfZD Some facts about cultivation of this nutritious and palatable grain that feeds millions of folks throughout the world 1,-3- This clover H.rtoulfon. lf NEW HARVESTER Dust Mulch Cultivator. Fool djRoheri Apply Will Vary. CROP OF CORN DEPENDS ON FARMERS SKILL TO KEEP RAINFALL. The LIMITATION works seed-harvest- partly on the principle of a vacuum An engine drives a powerful fan to produce a blowing and a suction blast of air. The blowing blast Is driven under the clover as the machine Is driven across the field to lift up any tangled and down clover so the cutting mechanism can get at it. A cutter is provided to clip off the heads of the clover plants. Then cleaner. MAN must eat, he is a fighting whether warrior or a preacher of .pacificism. If porterhouse steaks are not available we are satisfied with corned beef. Formerly the lowly "spud was considered the barricade man that separated from starvation, but of late the poor potato has become as scarce as attractive heiresses and they are as eagerly sought after. Many a disconsolate lover has found that another sister of the starch family is possessed of attractions second only to her expensive sister, and today the eating of rice Is becoming general throughout the country. ' It isnt a bad habit to acquire, either, this eating of rice. Rice is nutritious and palatable and digests well. It can be cooked quickly, without the necessity of troublesome preparation and without waste. It Is almost a perfect substitute for potatoes, and it forms the basis for the food supply of over s of the peoples of the )vorld In fact, practically every other country in the world consumes more rice than (he United States, on the basis of population, a&cNlts enforced use here, due to war conditions, ought to prove a benefit fo our people. Rice has been grown in this country for more than two hundred years, the growing areas being restricted, however, to several of the Southern states, Within the last few years California has entered the field as a rice producer, and the development of the crop In that state has been remarkable From 7,500 acres planted In California In 1913, the acreage has grown to 60, 000 acres in 1916, with a crop valued at over four million dollars. The 1917 planting will exceed 100,000 acres. The sarily follow that the topography of the country will largely determine the size of the fields. Where rice lands are along a river It Is customary to run a canal to the outer rim of the rice field, entirely surrounding it. The dirt taken from this canal is thrown upon the outer bank to form a protecting levee against sudden rises from the river. Water to flood the rice fields Is let in from the stream. The larger tract Inclosed by the main canal is now cut up by smaller canals Into fields or subflelds of suitable size and small levees are thrown upon each side. It Is essential that the surface of each of these subfields be level. The main canals average from 10 to 30 feet wide and are about 4 feet deep. They connect with the river by flood gates. The sub canals average from 6 to 10 feet wide and are nearly as deep as the main canals. Boats are used to reach any point of the growing areas, and som& times the levees are made wide 400 pounds. The grains, If cured, are not broken by this PJUJ lng, although it would crush to pulp any other cereal. From these mortars the rice is removed to flour screens, where the whole grains are separated from the flour and chaff During the various processes the rice becomes heated through friction, and at this stage it passes into cooling bins, where it remains for eight or nine hours. It is then passed over brush screens, where the smaller rice and flour are separated from the larger kernels. The grain is now ready for the polisher, to give it the pearly luster. The polishing Is done by friction against the rice, of pieces of moose hide or sheepskin, tanned and worked to a wonderful degree of softness. These skins are loosely hung around the sides of a revolving cylinder constructed of wood and wire gauze. From the polisher the rice goes to the separating screens, which grade the enough to form roads. rice for the market. Various methods for preparing the Rice is a member of the grass famsoil for the crops are used, some growily, and there are numerous varieties ers advocating deep plowing, while cultivated the world. As others use the shallow method. Nat- It is the throughout food of a large prprincipal urally, the character of the soil should oportion of the earths population, rice govern. One of the advantages claimed growing is one of the oldest agricufor deep plowing Is that, as the rice ltural industries known to man. does not feed much below the plow The average annual imports of line, the deeper the plowed area the cleaned rice into the United States more food is placed at the disposal is about 125,000,000 bushels, and that of the growing crops. of broken rice, flour and meal, over After the. ground is plowed, a disk 70,000,000 bushels more. The demjmd harrow is run over the surface, fol for the better of rice In this qualities lowed by a smoothing harrow, and M3 always exceeded the supcountry often a heavy roller Is used to break ply, and now that this country has up the clods. been called upon to feed a large prSowing is done early In spring and oportion of the warring nations, the Clover Harvester. about two bushels of seed are used rice growers of the South and of Cathe suction current of air seizes the to the acre. While there are several lifornia are assured of a ready maclipped heads of clover and carries methods of planting the seed, the best rket for their supplies. , some of a Into kind them up receptacle results are said to be obtained with or. other provided on the body of the a drill. This Insures the equal distriScience Monthly. harvester. Thus only the heads of the bution of the seed at a uniform deDth. AIRPLANE AND CAVALRY MEET clover are clipped off to secure the Flooding is the most important feain them, the rest of the PRACTICAL WORK IN GARDEN seed contained ture of rice growing. Except where Allied Flier Escapes Capture by Charg-inplant being left to be cut as hay or water is necessary for germinating the Foes and Passing Short Dis- used in any other way desired. FarmCultivate Often and Thoroughly, KeepIs not practiced until the seed, flooding tance Over Their Heads. ing Business. total devoted to rice culture In the rice Is 6 or 8 inches high. When the ing Surface Soil Loose Kill United States Is about 900,000 acres, rice reaches that height water is run Weeds at the Start. To show that it is sometimes poand the 1916 crop amounted tq onto the land to a depth from 3 to ssible for an aviator to pass surprisingFEEDING AT FARROWING TIME bushels. This is less than half 6 Inches. It Is CBy R. S. MACKINTOSH, Minnesota Exto changed constantly over guns and yet escape being low ly the quantity consumed in this coun- prevent stagnation. periment Station.) Grahame-WhitThe principal brought to earth, Mr. Claude Cultivate your war garden often and Commendable Plan to Keep Feed try, however, as great quantities are thing to watch is the waof the height cites In Heroes of the Flying Hours Imported from the Oriental countries. ter, as it is essential that the water From Sow for Twenty-Fou- r thoroughly. an interesting encounter Corps Cultivation means the keeping of Give Warm Water. Japan, a great rice producer, has more be kept at the same depth throughout an airplane and a squad of cathan two thousand varieties of rice, the entire field, otherwise one the surface soil, the upper two Inches, of valry. One of the aviators of the allies, part loose. ouIt. is a commendable plan to keep but there are only three or? four va- the crop will ripen before the other. descending near some German hoCultivation makes a dust blanket the feed away from the sow for about rieties grown in this country. of a machines are on patrol Harvesting brought tposts, was surprised by and prevents the loss of soil moisture 20 or 24 hours after farrowiiil:. This corner Rice, like oranges and lemons, re- the land as soon as the grain is stile cavalry that galloped into a ripe. farrowbefore to fast the added time by evaporation. quires certain favorable conditions for It takes about six months to grow a of the field where the airplane had To know the tricks of the enemy is ing may seem to be too long. On the its growth. The 'climate must be crop of rice in this it to Where country. alighted and rode full tilt toward half the battle. Know the insects and average It is not too long. Only occa- warm, with plenty of sunshine and the drainage is good and the ground make its occupants prisoners, (diseases which attack your vegetables sionally will it be observed that the hot days. The land must be practidries quickly, reaping machines are At the side of the field farthest from and yon will know how to fight them. sow will crave anything before the end cally level, with plenty of water availused. In California the the Germans lay a wood ; and the space broken up of that time. If such Is the case, how- able. ' The top soil should be under- generally Sod when thoroughly was tractors jtrack-layin- g are almost unibetween the airplane and the trees not makes the soil richer. The job is to ever, she may be allowed a sloppy mix- laid with a subsoil that Is impervious could in used the rice fields, and so small that the machine get it broken up and worked Into the ture of shorts. Water must be allowed to water. The subsoil should lie near versally can be commenced a rise Into the air in that direction. All the harvesting a In and soil. preferably the surface, for a deep7 soil requires week or two earlier by their use. during this fast, that the pilot could do in his endeavor The easiest time to kill weeds is lukewarm condition. more wmter and more time for its subIn the rice is cut from to escape was to run his machine harvesting, tn just as they begin to start. There mergence than a shallow one. .Good 6 to 12 Inches from the ground and the across the ground directly toward Condition of Horse. fore, start the garden hoe and the cul rise to seek drainage Is necessary to get the land cut grain is laid on the stubbles to approaching horsemen and above their Condition In a horse is manifested in condition quickly for tivator early. off the wet soil. After a harvesting it keep sufficiently high to sweep ob days Skill is shown and good results by keenness for work,' brightness of and to prevent the crops from becomcuring the grain is removed from the heads. He took, his machine abruptly Sained when the gardener does each eye and bloom of coat. A horse is ing waterlogged. Like all cereal crops, field and stacked on dry Ex- into the air and flew down straight job at the right time and in the right capable of his greatest effort only rice should be harvested quickly after treme care must be takenground. In toward them, thinking that his chance when In condition. way. it reaches maturity. One of the great the grain to prevent the rice shocking from be- was poor, and expecting either to difficulties which the Southern growers ing lost. The bundles are stacked struck himself by bullets or to Dont Let Them1 Go Down. had to contend with was their inability against each other, with the heads In, some vital part of his machine h CARE OF FRESH VEGETABLES Remember that when your live stock to get on to the land quickly to har- Slow There was one point in his fav a j curing in the shade produces the Is a great deal vest the downward it starts water after the had Be crops Not Allowed of kernel necessary to with- however: the German cavalrymen, Garden Truck Should easier to push them down than It is to been drained off. In California the toughness to Wilt or Lose Flavor Store in the stand process. The rice is ken by surprise when the aircraa milling pull them up. growers have solved this problem by left in the shock until the straw is came rushing toward them, Cool, Dry Place. using small but powerful cured and the kernel hard. The opened fire In a scattering and very Black Percheron Hcrses. n 0 tractors that run on their own endless Dont let fresh vegetables or fruits threshing Is done by the regulation haphazard manner. Only just very 50 per cent of the Perthan More and are of capable pulling the threshing machine. wilt or lose their flavor or begin to rot cheron horses bred in America are track, their heads, although traveling Its pum machinery through mud harvesting comes as It because they are handled carelessly. The from rice the threshfast, swept the airplane, with In blacks. The exact percentage is 52.90 that would mire horses. These traclow In or called cool, er is crouching and vegetables rice." passenger paddy Keep perishable rough the grays percentage is 37.95. tors, by reason of their adaptability to It still has surrounding it the husk of seats. Over the cavalrymen It flew and for most vege- while dry, a changing conditions, are also used for cuticle. The process of then It began to climb rapidly tables, dark rather than light places. Good Tillage Pays. nie had almost any kind of work on the ranch. milling removes this husk and polishes although a storm of bullets Learn how to store potatoes, cabWhatever we plant needs attention. will do the plowing and checking the rice. This polishing is more a fad as It approached and had been dire bages, root crops, fruits, and other It must have good tillage no matter They of the land, will haul supplies to and than a necessity, for by It some of the on It while it passed overhead, m foods so that they will keep properly how the soil may be if the best from markets, will good pump water from most nutritious parts of the rice are craft flew on unchecked. No vital P for later use. are reached. wer results or the motor will lost. the ditches, Irrigation of Its mechanism was hit, nor Dont think that any place In the Youths turn a feed mill or churn the butter injured. The Improved method of milling rice occupants cellar or pantry Is good enough to Vindicate Worth of Bull. ' for housewife. the food. Is The panion. jtlore quite complicated. paddy is True worth in a bull Is vindicated by In rice culture the size of the field first screened to remove foreign subHeat, dampness, poor ventilation, the performance of his daughters at Christianity Gains in China. bruising or breaking will rapidly make the pail and the showing of his sons on depends largely upon local conditions. stances. The hulls are removed by Where is the or stones land a field set rot, very level, about ferment, vegetables revolving many spoil. the block, The progress of Christianity rapidly of the length of a rice kernel China has become so marked that may range from sixty to eighty acres, Warmth nnd light make vegetables while In other localities the field can apart. The product goes over hori- Mohammedans of the nation are a isprout and this lowers their quality. Results From Variety. In feeding will get the best not be larger than one or two acres. zontal screens and blowers that sep- ing themselves1 to greater Variety In' Oriental countries, where all the arate the light chaff and the whole Cultivated Crops. conference of 500 priests results In egg production. t In cultivated crops give the rows labor Is done by hand, the fields aver- and broken kernels. The grains are cussed translating the Koran, imp age half an acre In area. As water Is now run into huge mortars holding Ing schools, preparing a defensive Most Desirable Egg. )paA the plants In the rows a space P A large nest egg Is more desirable required to stand at a uniform depth from four to six bushels each, and erature, and taking other steps to pulted to the plants, the soil, and the Mohammed. over rice must It neces the of tect a with e. the faith than small growing pounded pestles weighing about jgUmute. eye-bo- rotary-ai- r m lt two-third- m . ' g e - t , , ball-trea- d ; well-aire- , close-fittin- g 1 two-thir- ds actlvI-J'-rece- |