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Show THE SMITn FIELD SENTINEL. SMITHFIELD. UTAH the ft PEN hearings were Supreme court News Review of Current the senate judiciary mittee, considering the Events the World Over measure tive It was on Presi-den- ts Pleasing Types bill comended by which is now engaged in Needlework in execusessions. believed the committee would debate the bill for several President Demands Economy, Predicting Deficit of $418, 000,000, but Asks Billion and Half for Relief Franco Creates Authoritarian State. By EDWARD Welter 6 REVISING his budget estimates year 1938, President Roosevelt told congress in a special message that the deficit probably would amount to $418,000,000 exclusive of debt re.w tirement payments mans" balanced in- of $400,000,000, Bteac "lay budget he predicted in January. He the propriation ap- - of for relief; and he demanded rigid economy to combat ' an anticipated drop in federal revenues Mr. amounting to $600,000,000. Roosevelt also said there must be a careful survey of the nations tax structure, and intimated that a new tax bill would be introduced at the next session of congress. In correcting the ef revenue and the of expenditures, the President Indicated that the national debt will rise over the 36 billion dollar mark. Though he made no specific recommendations as to economy, the President spoke sharply about "speover-estimati- under-estimati- cial groups" who are exerting pressure to bring about increases in It was government expenditures. understood he referred especially to the farm tenancy program, proposing an annual expenditure of the Wagner housing bill, calling for an expenditure of a year, and the Harrison-Blac- k education bill, calling for allocations among the states beginning at $100,000,000 for the first year and reaching a maximum of a year. Mr. Roosevelt had rejected these measures at a White House conference and his attitude provoked various prominent senators and representatives so much that they declared they would favor cutting down the relief appropriation he asked to one billion dollars. Among the Democratic leaders taking this stand were Senator James F, Byrnes of South Carolina, representing the appropriations committee, and Senator Pat Harrison of Mississippi. Said Senator Byrnes: I think the Presidents estimate of one and a half billion dollars tor work relief is too high. It would make possible a monthly expenditure of $125,000,000. Each month it will be possible for Mr. Hopkins to further reduce the number on the relief rolls and consequently reduce the expenditures. It is my purpose not only to urge that the work relief appropriation be limited to one billion dollars, but that the law require larger contributions from the sponsors of projects. If the sponsors could be required to put up 50 per cent of the cost of the projects, we would not have applications for a billion dollars during the next fiscal year." Senator Joe Robinson, majority leader, made an earnest plea for economy in all directions; and Senator Charles L. McNary, Republican leader, assured Senator Robinson that the Republicans would in every way possible with the Democrats in their "belated" efforts to balance expenditures with income. In the house the economy program lost a point when Representative Vinson of Kentucky succeeded in getting through his $1,000,000 Stream pollution bill. $135,-000,00- 0; $50,-000,0-00 $300,-000,0- cabinet members TWO 8 were quick to comment on the Presi- dents economy orders. Secretary of Agriculture Henry A. Wallace forecast an immediate curtailment of the administration's farm activities. Federal aid to farm tenants, production control and the granary are among the proj eels to feel the economic ax. Mr. Wallace said. He is still hopeful that the crop insurance program, to be applied to the 1938 wheat yield, may be salvaged. Secretary of Commerce Daniel C. Roper and his first assistant, Ernest Draprr. joined in predicting that business recovery will not be retarded by the apparent inability of the administration to balance the budget in the 1938 fiscal year, as the ever-nor-m- President anticipated in W. Nesipiper al January. They said they regarded lagging treasury revenues as a temporary condition and added: "The present headway of business is so strung that it will offset the effect of a probable deficit." RESIDENT p nounced his ROOSEVELT plans for another fishing trip, to begin April 28 and last two weeks or longer. This time he is going to angle in the Gulf of Mexico while congress struggles with his latest recommendations. After leaving Washington his firi.t stop will be at Biloxi, Miss. From there he will go by motor to New Orleans, pausing en route at Beauvoir, the old home of Jefferson Davis that is now a home for Con- federate veterans. At New Orleans Mr. Roosevelt will board the Pres PICKARD idential yacht Potomac and cruise out into the gulf after tarpon. A navy cruiser will accompany the state, and a series numbering 25,000 yacht. The fishing trip will end at came from the Womens National Galveston and Mr. Roosevelt will go from there to Fort Worth to visit his Committee for Hands Off the Supreme Court and Women Investors son Elliott. of America, Inc. While the Potomac is at sea SecOne witness heard in support of retary McIntyre will maintain head- the bill was Smith Wildman Brook-har- t, quarters at Galveston with a small radical senator from former staff. Iowa. He said the Presidents proposal was an issue in the campaign M EVILLE CHAMBERLAIN, Brit-is- h because the declared chancellor of the ex- what he wouldopposition do to the Supreme introduced in chequer, parliament court. the biggest budget since World war "It was specifically made an istimes, and gave warning that na- sue in the campaign," said Mr. tional finances for several years to Brookhart. "The President himself come would be dominated by ex- did not so it because he proburge penditures on armaments. He said ably had not fully made up his that the government will require mind, but former Senator James A. an outlay of 862,848,000 pounds Reed, the ablest, most brilliant and (about $4,314,240,000) to carry out most forceful opponent the Presiits plans and pay its expenses dur- dent had in the whole campaign, ing the next year. Revenue obtaindid present in detail the Presidents able he estimated at 847,950,000 plan upon accurate information. He pounds (about $4,239,750,000), leav- dared the President to deny his ing a prospective deficit of 14,898,000 statement. pounds (about $74,490,000). There was no denial because Chamberlain said the taxpayers Senator Reed was telling the truth would have to pay 3 pence more on and the President was content to each . taxable pound of income, submit the issue upon the violent bringing the tax up to 5 shillings, arguments against it alone. or 25 per cent He also announced Judge William Denman of the a new tax on business profits, and United States Circuit Court of Apthis especially was bitterly attacked peals at San Francisco, an apby the Conservatives, led by Sir pointee of President Roosevelt, arRobert Horne. They argued that it gued against Chief Justice Hughes' would demoralize industry. contention that a Supreme court working in two or more separate C RANCISCO FRANCO is well on panels would be unconstitutionaL 1 the way to becoming a real dictator of the part of Spain his insur- TN THE last five months strikes in 1 the automotive gent forces control, and of the enindustry have tire country if they cost the workers between $65,000,- win the war. By de- 000 ana $70,000,000 in wages. And cree the general has st5ll, at the behest of John L. Lewis merged the two and his C. I. O., they are planning chief rightist fac- further strikes. What they gain, tions under his leadbeyond recognition of their union ership and has out- which probably could be obtained lawed all other par- by negotiation wherever it is deties, thus creating a served, is problematical. The figone party authoriures are from Wards Reports, Inc., tarian state. His de- which says of losses to companies cree left open the affected that the net volume of busiway to restoration ness delayed" by the strikes would of the monarchy in approximate $200,000,000, but what Spain if the nation proportion of this actually is lost needs it," and the monarchists of cannot be calculated. the Carlist and Bourbon persuasions Keeping "foreign agitators" out agreed that if this takes place, of the picture, the representatives the king shall be Prince Juan, of General Motors of Canada and youngest son of Alfonso XIII. He of the workers at Oshawa, Ontario, is known as prince of the Asturias reached a sttlement of the strike in and is twenty-thre- e that plant The company agreed to years old. The new Spain needs a new raise wages and shorten work king," said a Carlist leader. "We hours, but does not recognize the Workers of traditionalists prefer the prince of United Automobile the Asturias, who is a known sym- America. J. L. Cohen, Toronto atpathizer with the ideals of the new torney who represented the strikers, said the settlement was "eminently Spain." 4 satisfactory. Add lacy crochet to daii-tstitch mid what have A tunning decoration for your prized scarfs, towels, pillow or whatever! However, crow stitch or crochet used alone, if you wish, and berth re ea7 can be, even X mJ National Topics Interpreted by William firuckart weeks. Boxes full of petitions against the measure were presented to the committee. Senator Hiram Johnson of California handed in a volume signed by 75,000 voters of his Unit. National Praia Building Waahlnstoa, Washington. Although it hBS been three weeks since the Supreme court of the Act ed States upheld the Wagner labor Decisions relations act, I doubt that there is more than a mere handful of people in this nation who are able to comprehend the full significance of those decisions of the highest court. The chances are, if our present form of government remains and we continue to adhere to our Constitution, the full Wagner act import of the decisions (there were five of them) will not be discovered within a quarter of a century. No decision of the Supreme court in several decades contains the wide range of potentialities found in the decisions of April 12 and it may well be that the findings of the court at that time will constitute a turning point in United States history. There are so many potentialities to be found in the Wagner act de-- ; cisions that one may reasonably express a doubt whether states have any rights left. Likewise, one may express a doubt whether labor and the friends of labor have won or lost in the determination by the high court that the National Labor Relations board has power to compel an employer to deal with a majority of his workers, organized into union form. Above and beyond these phases lies another, namely, the question whether the United States congress does not have power to legislate strikes out of existence. First, I am convinced in reviewing the courts action that there has been a tremendous amount of misinformation spread about the findings of the court. Never in my period of service in Washington have I seen so many different constructions placed upon an official act. We have seen and heard unmeasured criticism of the court for turning business over to the labor unions; we have witnessed a renewal of attacks on the Supreme court because it did not go far enough to the radical side in granting power to congress and the President, and we have been deluged with talk of what can now be done in a legislative way to carry out Mr. Roosevelts theme song, The More Abundant Life." The truth is, however, that the Supreme court in deciding the Wagner act cases actually restated in a clarified manner a position the court took twelve years ago. It was in 1925 that the court decided the second Coronado coal mining case. In that opinion, the court laid down the rule, although it was obscured, that obstacles to production constituted an interference with interstate commerce. In the cases this month, the court reaffirmed and restated that very theory of law and government, because it declared in the Jones and Laughlin Steel company case failure of the employer to permit settlement of the strike through an official agency of the government constituted interference with interstate commerce. Hitherto, the conception of interstate commerce generally has been limited to transportation of goods or communication across state lines. To show the similiarity, it is necessary only to recall that striking miners attempted to close entrances- to the Coronado mines in Colorado. The cases went to the Supreme court which heir that illegal atlempts to close the mines constituted an interference with shipment of the products into interstate commerce. So, I am quite convinced that the job the Supreme court r.id in this instance and us far as it relates to the orgy of New Deal theories consists only of clarifying the legal definition of state commerce. Laymen are not concerned with legal technicalities, nor do they understand them, but they do understand facts and it was n facts in the case upon which the court predicated its decision notwithstanding the wild acclaim by New Dealers for the enlightened" construction of the Constitution in that opinion. Unit-Wagn- ' D. C. National Labor Relations board it prevented a settlement of a strike. It must be a fact, therefore, that a strike of the type constitutes interference with production and consequently interferes with interstate commerce. The next conclusion, and it seems perfectly obvious, is that if congress can legislate against employer and prevent him from interfering with interstate commerce, it can legislate to prevent the workers from interfering with interstate commerce. Now, we come to the point, mentioned earlier, of the danger inherent in any situation where congress starts legislating on the question of human rights. Congresses before this time have been fair and congresses hereafter may be fair in enacting legislation dealing with the delicate matter of human rights,. But where is the assurance that they will do so? How can we tell but. that at some future time a congress subservient to big business may decide to lay down ridiculous rules about employment. It is possible, for example, that some congress may say that employers may not hire workers above fifty years of age. They seem to have that power if they can make it appear that age becomes important to the maintenance of constant production. I admit this sounds ridiculous. I intended that it should sound ridiculous. It has been mentioned as an extreme case to show what may be possible if these new powers are not sit-do- wisely used. It exemplifies, tht 6.-5- ' Jones-Laughh- the courts P- full-blow- de--pis- e, one-side- crors-slitche- d mo-ti- fs 4 by 10Vi inches; two motifs 314 by 7 inches; a chart and directions for a 3 by I5!i inch crocheted edge; material illustrations of all stitches used; color suggestions. To obtain this pattern send 1$ cents in stamps or coins (coins preferred) to The Sewing Circle Household Arts Dept., 259 W Fourteenth St., New York, N. y Writs plainly pattern number your name and adress. require-ment- s; My 7avotitc a By QCLV2Q - nouncement: All that has lesuee been obtained under the Wagner act decisions is complete recognition of the right of organized labor groups to bargain collectively free from employer domination. The principle of majority rule is laid down. An employer must deal with the representatives of a majority of his workers. The rights of the minority, whether that minority be a company union or an independent union are rather much overshadowed although they can present their grievances to the National Labor Relations board. It is in that situation that trouble is foreseen. Most of the recent strikes have resulted from disputes over union recognition. Largely this union recognition question resulted from the maneuverings and agitation by John L. Lewis and his Committee for Industrial Organization. But it is not to be forgotten that the American Federation of Labor has several million members in its craft unions. Thus, it can easily be foreseen that the National Labor Relations board is going to be confronted many times with a fight between the C. I. O. and the A. F. of L Each one of these organizations will claim that it represents a majority of the workers and. therefore, is entitled to be the spokesman for all of an employer's workers. Most of us have seen how bitter internal labor rows can become. I am sure that most of my readers will recall cases within their own knowledge where carpenters and bricklayers have fought it out over the question of which one was to do certain work in construction. It has happened hundreds of times and each time bitter hatred has developed. When the right to sneak for a whole body of employees becomes the question far determination, it seems to me perfectly obvious that the controversy will develop into one of white heat. And the labor board will have to decide which one should serve as the employees' representative. In the meantime, the employer can have nothing to say. Ger-man- What could be more than graceful sprays n roses, in color, with the border In pattern 5751 you win find a transfer pattern of two of Plating Now, to touch up on some of the unsettled issues resulting from nunsettica ii j 5751 more- the cm--loyc- Fatten amateurs. over, what a factor uncertainty is when too much power has been granted any agency of the government, be it national or state or local. "Let me tell Lewis here and now LEWIS O. BARROWS of Maine has lined up with other that he and his gang will never get state executives who will not stand their greedy paws on Ontario as for riotous and illegal tactics by long as I'm prime minister," said strikers. When an unruly mob of Premier Hepburn. He thereupon let it be known that 1,000 men tried to storm two of nineteen factories in Auburn in he was prepared to push through volved in a general shoe strike legislation that would exclude the and the local authorities were un- C. I. O. from Ontario if this beable to handle the situation. Gover- comes necessary to save the pulp-woo- d and mining industries from nor Barrows ordered out eight comC. I. O. control. panies of the National Guard. executive board of the union "I'll order out the entire military at The a meeting in Washington decidforces of Maine, if necessary to pre- ed to postpone until November the serve constitutional authority," the drive to unionize the Ford company executive said. "When there is open defiance to the orders of our courts plants. and our officers of the law, there is by the army air little difference from anarchy. We "P'SST flights new big bombing plane shall not tolerate this situation for werecorps being made at Seattle. Wash., a moment. where it was built by the Boeing The trouble followed a state SuAircraft company. This machine preme court injunction, issued by is the largest military airplane in Judge Harry Manser, outlawing the the world, with an all metal fuseshoe strike which affects about 100 feet long, a wingspread of workers. The mob had been lage 105 and a cruising range of aroused by speeches by Powers 6,000feet, miles. It weighs about 40.000 Hapgood, New England secretary pounds unloaded and 75.000 pounds tor the C. I. O., and other when carrying a full complement of fuel and armament. It has four twin row engines of a new type who which will deliver 1.400 horse 7 FORBES MORGAN, power was the able treasurer of the each for takeoff. The speed is about Democratic national committee 250 miles an hour. There are five during the 1936 campaign and who streamlined blisters on the new maresigned to take the presidency of chine which are AH of this may sound a bit fanemplacements for the Distilled Spirits Institute, died tastic: it may sound as an attempt small, quick cannon, firing instead suddenly in a committee room of of machine guns. These cannon will to Dorrow trouble. the Ohio state capitol in Columbus. outshoot fix Houre It is neilher any guns mounted on any Any attempt to point out what The Mr. Morgan, a relative of Mrs. other and Wages situation is dis military airplane in the world the Wagner act decisions mean and Franklin D. Roosevelt by marriage, and make the great machine virtucussed for hdw far they go is was a major in the World war. bfcies at ally impregnable. bound to lead into reason that it is quite apparent there will be new attempts in cona maze of compli Discussion DY UNANIMOUS vote, nearly 4.-- " cated discussion, gress now to write legislation conpATROL of the coasts and bor- 000 Daughters of the American ders of Spain by the navies and t have no intention of getting my- trolling hours and wages RepreanRevolution, in their forty-sixt- h lend observers of Great Britain, self so eutanglcd despite the de- sentative Connery of Massachunual congress in Washington, adoptFrance. Italy and Germany, as ar- grees in law that I hold. I am a setts. speaking as chairman of the ed a resolution opposing the Presisome time ago by the in- firm believer in the declaration that house labor committee, declared ranged dent's Supreme court enlargement ternational non intervention com- 'lumar. nature works out its prob- the other day that such legislation bill. It declared against "unbalis now in effect. mittee, lems after the manner o slow and would be draffod and he entertained ancing'' the federal tripartite sysno doubt that it would pass the Under the command of British rdcrly development. tem of government and favored subVice Admiral But there are Geoffrey Blake, certain circum- house. Conditions in the senate are mission of the issues raised by the aboard the battle cruiser stances connected Hood, with the the present different, but Mr. Connery's opinto President the people through a British fleet the northern ourt and patrols conditions of this ion must be accepted as worthwhile rulings constitutional amendment. coast on the bay of Biscay. y that be discussed in so far as the house is concerned lay may probably Thus, if congress undertakes such the southwestern without becoming involved in patrols PRESIDENT RfX'SEVELT sent coast while France guards Spanish legislation it u confronted with the technicalities. legal to the senate the nomination of Morocco and the Balearic I mentioned earlier that if the necessity of doing something islands by Mrs. Florence Jaffray Harriman of and way of amendment of the Wagner Italy the eastern Mediterraneas it did, could find that court, as minister to Norway. an coast. Washington will act that make union labor como.' production constituted She is the widow of J. Borden HarMerchant vessels of the commitaterfercnce with interstate cum-nerc- ply with federal regulation instead riman, New York banker, and has tee's 27 members entering Spanish d it seems obvious that of leaving the Wagner act been active tn politics for a numterritorial waters must first call at itcrfererce mayquite as it is. In other words, labor come from ber of years. Anthony J. Drexcl specified to its dues, to its fair share ports and take aboard nonas well as employers. It is Biddle, Jr., who now holds the Norintervention committee supervisors of but It seems to me it ii profits, fact, tlieicfure. that when the way post, was nominated to be am- who will have the leel company here concerned re- also entitled to be as subservient ti right to examine bassador to Poluud. the cargo. used to obey the mandate of the law as those who pay the wages Woatera Nawspapn llaloi, HOV. of to Do 1 1 1 1 Gloria Swanson Rim Stir Caviar Canape can of caviar css tableapoonful of lemon iulci tables poonful of onion Julet Bread for toast according to the numoer to be served. Spread the caviar on round piece of toast. Then spread on this the yolk of the egg which has d been and run through a sieve. Season with the lemon and onion juice, although the latter is a matter of personal taste and should be used at the discretion of the individual. Trim the edges with the grated white of the egg and garnish with small piece of tomato. hard-boile- Copyright WMU Birvlct, Don't Steep on Left Side, Crowds Heart GAS PRESSURE MAT CAUSE DISCOMFORt RIGHT SIDE ESI I u If you toil In bad and cant ilap right aida, try Adlcrlka.GASJuit ONB prraini doit nllivu atamach an hiart io you sleep (oundly. Adlorika acta an BOTH upper and lowar bowala and bring out fma matter you would never believe In your eyittm. Thle eld matter nv have polionad you for month cne tamed GAS, tour stomach, htidacne trOr.nervousness. H. U Mol. Mm Twi. ?jmgl In addition to inlMtiMl elMtlng. nd ML pnltr Mrs. Jas. Flllari non-ae- Gas on h my w wee so bad I could not aathurt. leap. Even my heart teemed to me brought The first dose of Adlerlke relief. Now I oat as I wish, sleep and never felt better. 'Give your bowele a REAL deniemg yea with Adlorika and act how good fesl. Just ONE doso relievos GAS eye Druggist all At Laading constipation. Different Viewpoints Looking from a mountain of sion or from a valley of self-se- e ing makes a difference in the cub look. i America's First Settlers ssd noulHcoo of Burned, aod ether herbs to relieve eooditioflo. DENVEB MUP- -ik piss is dram original antiphlogistic eUwrivs hub the modem. lag-- ia Colds. moot lor Coughs, Irritations. Bums. Bruises. in daw. it prevents esmnheslisdO and avoids big modiral bills. laf ,irVJ Tour Druggist baa DENVEB Slse. ZSe Family Use- - THE CHEERFUL If they CHERUB should make us hate &s they Our victory is lost. A wiLr th.ts yon I think by hfe-tIs won tX too great cost. |