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Show FRIDAY, JULY 21, 1972 Page Eight Communist States Increase Trade With Developing Countries In their aid and trade program in the less developed world in 1971 the USSR, East European countries and the Peoples Republic of China for the most part followed established lines, serving their respective political and economic self interests. . In the particular case of the Soviet Union and the URC aid to less developed countries or (,LDCs) is an area of political ideological rivalry in which both parties periodicaly issue warnings of the perils of reliance on the others aid, says the Department of States Bureau of Public Affairs for July 10. Eschewing the increased multilateralization and grant element of western aid the Soviets extend virtually all aid bilaterally (tied to purchase of Soviet products), concentrate on relatively large projects in a select few countries and attach comparatively hard financial conditions to the credit agreements. In terms of volume of economic assistance, the Soviets have extended an average of somewhat more than $400 million yearly since the initiation of their aid program in 1954. The amount of extensions tended to be highly cyclical in nature and in 1971 totaled $862 million as compared to less than $200 million the previous year. Relatively slow implementation of Soviet air (less than 50 per cent has been drawn down by the LDCs during the past 18 years), plus the growing repayment burden, has kept the net flow of aid to LDC recipients to a yearly average of under $200 million in recent years, less than 0.04 per cent of estimated Soviet gros national product. The Soviet target area for aid has been the Near East and South Asia, India and Egypt account for nearly 37 per cent of total Soviet aid extended since 1954. Algeria has been another important Soviet aid recipient. While the East European countries generaly pursue their own interests in conducting aid programs, the effects are often complementary to Soviet objectives. The emphasis of total East European aid extended since 1954 ($3.4 billion), however, has been more trade oriented than that of the USSR, but with much the same target areas. In 1971 East European aid amounted to $421 million. The PRC, on the other hand, is a relative newcomer on the of its aid scene. Over one-ha- lf total aid of $2.2 billion exetnded since 1956 was committed in the past two years. Most of that aid has been provided to African countries, especially in connection with the TanZam Railroad project begun in 1970 and to Pakistan which has also been a Soviet aid beneficiary. Unlike th Soviets and East Europeans, China provides its interest free aid and frequently with a grace period after which repayment is made in goods over an additional period of 10 to 20 years. Total new military assistance commitments to the LDCs in 1971 were at a record high with the USSR, which extended more than $1 billion, accounting for most of the aid. Total Soviet aid in this category has amounted to nearly $8.2 billion since 1955, again provided mostly to Near East and South Asian countries and especially to Egypt. In the area of technical assistance, the number of communist economic technicians in these LDCs in 1971 increased to more Utah Election Law Challenged by Employees Association than 35,000, a rise of about 50 per cent compared to the pre- vious year. The increase was virtually all accounted for by Chinese personnel (largely laborers) who were heavily concentrated in Africa, primarily in connection with the TanZam Railroad construction project. In the military sector the number of Soviet personnel in the LDCs remained steady at about 16,000, although the number of advisers present in Egypt fell off to about 12,500. Storytelling Activity In Liberty Park move to center as story telling this week stage activities are highlighted as a part of the Salt Lake Countys summer playground program. A store telling festival featuring children from county recreation playgrounds will be July 23 at the flagpole area of Liberty Park. The evenings program will get under way at 6:30 p.m., according to Recreation Superintendent Gary C. Swensen. During recent weeks children and the playground leaders have been busy painting scenery, writing stories, constructing costumes and memorizing lines in preparation for the event Those playgrounds selected to perform qualified as a result of area competition held earlier. The Recreation Department stresses drama and story telling as an important playground activity, which, together with arts and crafts, athletics and tennis, have attracted thousands of the county youngsters during the past four weeks. Mini-acto- rs pre-sene- td Premium Book Ready For Utah State Fair Joseph Elder The Utah Public Employees Association has given support to a suit filed in U.S. District Court by Joseph Elder, deputy state auditor, challenging a state law prohibiting employees of the state covered by the merit system from becoming a candidate for public office. Mr. Elder filed the suit as a test case for the association in which he named Sherman J. Preece, the state auditor; Utah Governor Calvin L. Rampton; Secretary of State Clyde L. Miller; Attorney General Vernon B. Romney, and Edward T. Himstreet, state personnel director. He alleges that he submitted his application as a candidate for state auditor May 10, 1972, and that Mr. Preece allegedly terminated Mr. Elders employment. The suit, funded by UPEA, asks that a three judge panel hear the case that defendants be enjoined from enforcing the law and Mr. Elder be reinstated to his job and be paid the money he would have earned. UPEA Executive Director Rick Kinnersley said That the Association has taken this action because it believes it is time to end policies and practices that continue to place public employees in the role of second class citizens. UPEA believes that the present restrictions prohibiting state employees from running for political office are inequitable and highly discriminatory. Higher education employees, public school personnel and many others are allowed to continue their employment until elected, or in the case of legislators, until called into session. State employees must, in effect, resign their positions as soon as they file for office, he The 1972 edition of the Utah State Fair Premium book has been mailed to all previous fair exhibitors and participants, said Hugh C. Bringhurst, director, and Willis Whitbeck, chairman of the Board, Division of Expositions, Utah State Fair. The premium book outlines entry rules, deadlines, premiums and information on the various departments of the fair. The book is mailed free to anyone inter-ese- d in obtaining a copy or it can be picked up at the Fairgrounds Administration office, 155 North 9th West, Salt Lake City. In 1971 the State Fair awarded nearly $52,000 in cash premiums trophies and ribbons. For several years now the Fair has been self supporting with most of the said. state appropriated money going "We are not advocating allowback to the citizens in awards. ing public employees to use their positions to campaign for public office by the action UPEA has taken, Kinnersley said. APPLY NOW AND 10-ye- ar PRE-REGIST- ER FOR FALL QUARTER UTAH TECHNICAL COLLEGE 4600 So. Redwood 84107 299-34- 11 More Items Taxed; Prepare to Pay More The Utah Attorney Generals office gave an opinion that sales tax must be charged on bottle deposits in Utah. The opinion was that sales tax is a tax imposed on a transaction and not on the property itself. The opinion went on to say, It is entirely proper for sales taxes to be imposed upon the amount of a sale attributable to deposits on bottles but a credit should be given for sales tax when bottles are returned and the deposit refunded. I had rather have a fool to make me merry than experience to make me sad. Shakespeare. THE SALT LAKE TIMES Airline Passengers Express Concern Over Skyjacking While incidents of skyjacking continue to increase around the world, airline passengers are still not concerned enough to agree on a set of safety measures designed to reduce them. A study prepared at Ohio State graduate students reveals that while passengers are willing to accept some safety measures, what these should be vary considerably among various groups who fly. Passengers were asked to rank seven possible security procedures according to their convenience, favorability and effectiveness. The seven included: 1. All luggage to be transported on airlines should be inspected prior to loading. 2. All airline passengers must be frisked before boarding. 3. Anyone convicted of hijacking should face a mandatory life imprisonment sentence. 4. All airline personnel should be trained in close quarter combat. 5. The laws should be altered to enable all airport security guards to frisk any passengers who they feel are suspicious. 6. There should be a five per cent increase in airline fares so as to finance such measures as locking and bullet proofing the pilots cabin. 7. All airline stewardesses to be replaced with armed guards. The researchers reported that the two most favorable items are ones that would not affect the passenger directly: Life imprisonment for skyjackers and a change in law to extend authority of airport guards to frisk any suspicious looking passengers. Neither item directly consumed a passengers time or presented an explicit threat of personal danger. As might be expecetd, passengers who were going on international or long domestic flights were more likely to show greater overall concern for security than Seasonal Factor in Employment Drop those going on local flights. However, to the surprise of the researchers, passengers who flew at least once a month or more did not exhibit a greater overall concern for security. The five percent increase in airline fares in order to increase security was favored significantly more by those who flew than once per month or very rarely. A further breakdown of the data revealed that older passengers (over 30) would favor the changing airlines to one with more security and also would be willing to accept stricter security procedures. Younger passengers (under 30) on the other hand, indicated they would not change airlines for any reason. They also said they are against frisking all suspicious looking passengers, increasing airline fares, imprisoning convicted hijackers for life, and combat training for airline personnel. The researchers felt these attitudes may be part of a general attitude prevalent among contemporary youth i.e. against the stereotypic discrimination (the frisking suspicious looking people), against high costs (increasing airline fares), against extreme punishment (imprisoning hijackers for life) and against the implementation of violence (combat training). One more note: Informal male feedback from the survey indicated they saw the replacement of stewardesses with the armed guards as a highly inconvenient procedure. County Commission Challeges Public in Law Seeking Quiet l Continued from page 1) evening hours. The new ordinance restricts the volume or decibel levels of all types of motor vehicles. Limits refer to repair and construction activity to certain hours of the day; defines maximum noise levels allowed in various county zones; limits use of public address systems in advertising. With the new noise ordinance, a person with a loud muffler could not drive from the county into the city and be immune from prosecution. In the past, persons being arrested were under the public nuisance ordinance and fined accordingly. Such a standard was extremely vague. We had nothing as far as decibel levels were concerned. Until funds are available for portable testing meters, persons being arrested on noisy mufflers or such will have to take their vehicles to a central testing unit for a decibel reading. Utah employers placed 1,018 offers of employment with Utah Department of Employment Security offices during the week containing the 4th of July. On a daily basis job openings received exceeded the rate of the previous two weeks and represent a return to the demand just prior to the arrival on the scene of the flood of srmmer job seekers, according to the employment security office. The same 4 day week a year ago produced 861 job openings. The extent of new unemployment as measured by initial claims for unemployment insurance stepped up sharply to 1,374 from 979 a week ago. Main factor in the jump was the release of seasonal employees at Ogden Internal Revenue Service The impact was centered in the Og- City Take Too Small den office, but was felt from Salt In Revenue Sharing Lake to Logan. Salt Lake City may experience Continuing unemployment represented by continued unemploy- less monies than anticipated in ment insurance claim filed drop- the new revenue sharing plan. ped for the second straight week The Utah Congressional delegation has been asked by the city to 7,736. Backdrop for an improving out to review the formula. Under the formula Salt Lake look in the states job economy is the Departments report of the City would get $1.7 million of estimated Utah work force for the $5.3 million awarded to Salt June, which indicates there were Lake County. The state total amount is $29 16,000 Utahns on nonagricultural that employment than in June 1971. million with $8.8 million of milThis representes a vigorous 3.6 going to the state and $20.2 percent increase over a year ago. lion going to counties and cities. 4-d- ay , |