Show C Choice of Pope 3 tt T c w Change Change or Continuity Daniel Williams Alan Cooperman The Washington Post The next pontiff of the theRoman theRoman theRoman Roman Catholic Church could be a Brazilian cardinal who gave refuge to striking workers pursued by police helicopters It could be a Nigerian whose parents worshipped worshipped worshipped wor wor- shipped African gods a bookish Viennese who speaks five languages an Italian who speaks only his home tongue or an Argentine who rides a bus to work in his diocese No one knows Penetrating the secrecy around the cardinals cardinals cardinals cardi cardi- nals who will select the next pope has been all but sible For nine days since the funeral of Pope John Paul II the voting cardinals have been ensconced in secret deliberations to size up the biographies positions and personalities of the candi candi- dates Their meetings following following following fol fol- fol- fol lowing the practice of centuries centuries centuries cen cen- ended Saturday The ring and seals of the last pope were smashed Workmen laid out long tables for the cardinals cardinals cardinals cardi cardi- nals beneath the muscular figures painted by Michelangelo on the ceiling and walls of the Sistine Chapel On Sunday the electors were set to move into a special special special cial hotel on the Vatican grounds On Monday their conclave opens at the Sistine Chapel and they will start to vote for the pope According to students of this and past pre-election pre periods the conclave is shaping shaping shaping shap shap- ing up to be a clash of two outlooks The first emphasizes emphasizes emphasizes sizes moral codes to right-to- life issues a shoring up of the faith and an assault on industrialized industrialized industrialized indus indus- countries for their consumerism sexual license and secular leanings It claims continuity with John JohnPaul's JohnPaul's JohnPaul's Pauls Paul's teachings The second camp does not disagree on these matters but points the papacy in a different direction direction direction tion toward social issues helping the poor and dispersing dispersing dispersing ing Catholic making decision-making from the Vatican to individual bishops and their regional associations Only two popes in the year 2000 history of the church served longer than See Pope continued on page 6 Pope continued from front John Pauls Paul's 26 years Selecting someone to follow in the steps of a charismatic and energetic pope presents presents presents pre pre- immense difficulties Because of John Pauls Paul's vast travels and intervention intervention intervention inter inter- in human rights and political cal affairs during the Cold War the choice of the pope has significance far beyond the church This is not a friendly match Alberto a historian of the Catholic church said of the process One side holds up John JohnPaul's JohnPaul's JohnPaul's Pauls Paul's banner in support of conservative conservative conservative for positions positions they're they're ity The other wants a fresh start Classifying candidates is difficult cult many cult many could be described as asboth asboth asboth both conservative and liberal cen- cen and sharers power disciplinarians disciplinarians disciplinarians and conciliators The decision could involve subtle attributes attributes attrib attrib- utes piety or scholarship courage and initiative political acumen preaching skill or simple kindness One cardinal stands out as the leader of a faction favoring continuity continuity continuity ity Joseph John Pauls Paul's chief guardian of orthodoxy a aGerman aGerman aGerman German who served in and deserted from the Nazi army in World War II 78 is a prolific writer with a reputation as both a social charmer channer and harsh taskmaster His first chore under John Paul was to crack down on Liberation Theology the movement that organized organized organized orga orga- the poor to fight for their rights in the Third World He then moved on to silence voices that questioned the churchs church's teachings on papal infallibility contraception and the prohibition on ordaining women If decides to play the therole therole therole role of kingmaker rather than candidate candidate can can- he could tip support toward any of a number of allies Vatican watchers say One Cardinal Camillo 74 74 heads the Italian Bishops Conference During a sermon sermon sermon ser ser- mon on the second day of mourning mourning mourn mourn- ing he supplemented his strict stand on issues of doctrine and morality with a call for collegiality ty Contrasting with Cardinal Carlo Maria Martini the trill tall stately retired nf of Milan Milan is prominent among those those A. A who promote a new direction for forthe forthe forthe the papacy Martini has been living in Jerusalem quietly studying the Bible Bible and and occasionally challenging ing the policies and practices of John Pauls Paul's papacy In an April 7 2004 interview with Romes Rome's II Tempo newspaper he delivered a detailed plan for Church cy He suggested suggest d national bishops' bishops councils play a role in electing popes said the church ought to consider consider consider con con- sider ordaining women Martini may get votes in the first round but as a symbolic candidate conjectured Giulio Anselmi a former former former for for- mer editor of the Rome newspaper II Martini 78 78 suffers from the early stages of Parkinson's disease the same illness that weakened weakened weakened weak weak- ened John Paul and probably will give way to a fellow Italian who replaced him as archbishop of Milan Anselmi said On the one hand 71 has been firmly in line with JohnPaul's JohnPaul's John JohnPaul's Pauls Paul's stern stands He helped edit the 1995 encyclical Vitae which denounced the culture culture culture cul ture of death that the pope said was reflected in contraception abortion and euthanasia But enraged some colleagues colleagues colleagues col col- leagues by treating homosexuality as no more of a sin than adultery Italy supplied all the popes during during during dur dur- ing the years before John Pauls Paul's election The latest local names popping up in Italian newspapers are Florences Florence's Cardinal Ennio Antonelli 69 Genoa's Cardinal Tarcisio Bertone 70 and Venice's Angelo Scola 63 Antonelli whom Italians link with Martinis Martini's faction is an avid user of the Internet to reach young Catholics and has held vigils with Muslims to protest the Iraq war Bertone once worked for and made a splash last month by attacking the novel TheDa TheDa The TheDa Da Vinci Code Scola the son of a truck driver has a common touch and has started a magazine Oasis to build bonds between Christians in the West and in countries with Muslim majorities In the 1978 conclave that elected John Paul the inability of Italians to settle on a single strong candidate candidate candidate candi candi- date opened the way to the Polish pope The scenario could be played out again observers speculate Latin America which contains half the worlds world's 11 billion Catholics provides several possible candi candi- dates date Two vo stand on opposite sides of the new continuity-new start divide Brazils Brazil's Cardinal Claudio Hummes 71 71 has consistently focused on social issues issues When Hummes was bishop of a diocese outside Sao Paulo in the he hid striking auto workers in his church Among them was Luiz Inacio Lula da Silva now Brazils Brazil's president Lula has called publicly for Hummes' Hummes election as pope Buenos Aires Cardinal Jorge Mario 68 68 rose to prominence prominence prominence nence partly because of his humble lifestyle He lives in his own apartment apartment apartment apart apart- ment with an elderly colleague rather than in the palatial archbishops archbishop's archbishops archbishop's archbishops archbishop's ops op's residence in the Argentinean capital He cooks for himself and takes the bus to work When he was named cardinal in 2002 he forbid followers from traveling to Rome to celebrate for him and urged them to give money to the poor instead But Buthe Buthe Buthe he is a Jesuit and no member of that religious order has ever been elected pope Two vo other Latin American cardinals cardinals cardinals cardi cardi- nals are known for ministering to the poor Colombia's Dario Castrillon Hoyos and Honduras' Honduras Oscar Rodriguez Maradiaga As a ayoung ayoung ayoung young priest Castrillon 75 75 walked the streets of his parish distributing coffee and food to the homeless As Asa a bishop he disguised himself as a milkman to sneak into the mountains mountains mountains moun moun- in an attempt to persuade drug gang leader Pablo Escobar to enter into negotiations with the govern govern- ment Rodriguez Maradiaga 62 who has a degree in psychology advocates advocates advocates cates debt relief for Third World countries Like Hummes he has attacked global capitalism as carrying carrying carrying carry carry- ing injustice in its genetic code Two vo European candidates share dia dia- an interest in religious inter-religious logue Vienna's Cardinal Christoph 60 oversaw production tion of a page catechism the handbook of Catholic beliefs and has been deeply involved in pan- pan Christian unity talks and meetings with Muslim leaders He is the only hereditary nobleman among the cardinals Paris' Paris Marie Jean-Marie 78 is the son of Polish Jewish parents who emigrated to France The Nazis deported his mother to Auschwitz where she died Brought up by Catholic guardians he converted at the age of 13 and changed his name from Aaron to Jean He told reporters recently that he considered himself a Jew with dual affiliation A veteran cardinal from Nigeria Cardinal Francis Arinze and Indias India's Cardinal Ivan Dias are also identified identified identified fied as candidates to be the next pope Arinze 72 72 would be the first pope from Africa in 1500 years and the first black ever Dias 69 69 is said to speak 16 languages languages languages lan lan- and has been a roving diplomat diplomat diplomat diplo diplo- mat for the Vatican for 30 years |