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Show -- 7 7P i. TT THE SAUNA SUN. SAUNA. UTAH Maldistribution Factor In Europe's Food Crisis Shattered Communication Market Movements; naly it and Commentator President's representative at the Vatican, was warning the Allies that If communism came to Italy, it would come over empty stomachs. Adding up this data the natural assumption is that hunger is the chief cause of unrest in Europe. But it Isnt as simple as that. I made some Investigations and came upon a number of interesting facts which prove the dangers of Number one is: Low calories may be a symptom and not a disease. In other words, disorganization and revolt affect the fodd supply as well as being affected by it. Number two: Destruction and disorganization are the chief causes of famine and the type of destruction Which affects the food supply is not It is the the destruction of food. smashing of railways and rolling stock and blowing up of bridges and doing other things that interrupt transportation. This has done more to create areas of starvation than any planned destruction of the crops themselves by the enemy. Number three: Conditions are frequently worse after countries are bberated. One common misconception which needs to be corrected is the total amount and distribution of the food shortage. Since Europe's food problems are of vital concern to America It might be well to clear up some of these erroneous ideas. Problem Varies in Different Countries In the first place, in the early years of the war the situation was painted too black. There were various reasons for this. Among them the fact that many countries exaggerated their plight, asking for more than they expected for fear of getting less than they really needed. Later the picture was painted far too rosily. Through all this time the experts were not tooled but the public was. It is wrong to say that Europe Is starving. It Is wrong to say that nobody is starving or will starve, I was Informed by a person who is in a position to know if anyone is. The point is that the situation In various places varies greatly and here we come back to the question We might use of transportation. Greece as an example of a place where revolt has increased the seriousness of the food situation. One of the chief concerns of persons who had no political interest whatever in whether Greece became a purple monarchy or a bright red spot of communism, but who were interested in seeing that the Athenians didn't starve, was the fact that because of the fighting, shiploads of food lay untouched in the harbor of Piraeus. Athens, Rome, Marseille are all in spots far distant from areas where surplus food exists. Normandy, for instance, could share some of he.' products with the south of France if there were any way to get the stuff across the country. The grain in the holds of ships in the harbor is no good to the people of Greece unless there is unrestricted passage to and from the docks and men who can unload and transport It to safety. This question of proximity to supply explains why all over Europe the average consumption level of the farm population is 40 per cent higher than that of the people in urban or manufacturing communities. One of the paradoxes of Europe's eating troubles is that in most countries the situation often grows worse instead of better after liberation takes place. Italy is an example of what mixed blessings liberation can bring. BARB S ' Here we begin to Bee how the twin demons of destruction work out. As Indicated, the direct destruction of food supplies either by bombing, or battle, or German sabotage so far has not been a major factor. Of course, the more rapidly the Allies remove the Germans, the less chance they have to steal the food or the crops and transport them. They had considerable time in Italy. On the other hand, on their hurried trip from Normandy to the Rhine the Nazis were far too busy moving to beg, borrow, steal or destroy. Where they have had a chance to squat as in the Netherlands, Poland and Czechoslovakia, the situation is But until they knew they worse. were going to have to get out of a country they did not wish to destroy productivity and the natives were fed. They had to keep the popple alive to support their own military and economic activity and they expected they would have plenty of time to exploit later when they set up their own new order in Europe. The factors in food production which suffered most were those involved in food processing. It is easier and quicker to wreck a flour mill or a milk plant than a farm. Some fertilizer factories suffered, and of course in Holland there was wholesale obliteration of arable land when the dykes were blown. Hus is almost permanent damage since the salt from the sea water will sour the soil for years to come. B-2- 9s d e Gun-nerso- half-nativ- e Complex Economies Cause Trouble But there were other forces which began to work earlier. Gift Apron ADE in red and white polka-dotted cotton and trimmed with a band of green edged in red here you have a delightful, colorful apron that makes a most acceptable gift at any time. Youll want one or more for yourself too! 1 i To obtain complete pattern, finishing instruct. ons for the Gift Apron ( Pattern No. 5602) send 16 cents in coins, your name, address and the pattern number. Due to an unusually large demand and current war conditions, slightly more time is required in filling orders for a few of the most popular pattern numbers. Send your order to: off-dut- y g SEWING CIRCI E NEEDLEWORK 149 New Montgomery St. San Francisco, Calif. Enclose 16 cents for Pattern No Name Address g Europe, before the war, produced most of what its own people ate. The things imported were tea and coffee, spices, and fats and oils. They also had to import much of their cattle food and fertilizer. Germany, striving to be built many plants for the production of seed oils and raised many oilseed crops. This was true elsewhere in Europe and because more food value can be produced from the same resources directly than indirectly through raising food for livestock, the livestock was reduced. Under these conditions, in order to get the greatest value out of food products, strictest regimentation was necessary. When the Germans left a country and controls vanished, conditions became immediately worse unless, under liberation, a stable government could step in immediately and reorganize. This reorganization was impeded by the destruction of transportation, the disrupted economy and, in the case of countries like Italy, by the efTect of fascist rule which has made the people lethargic, dependent and Impotent and, departing, left them leaderless. And so we see the vicious circle In operation disorganization hampering the food supply, hunger and unrest preventing reorganization. For their own sake, the haves " must feed the Time is of the essence, and casting bread upon these unhappy waters will be as profitable an Investment as it is a gesture of mercy. Splendid Cough Far-Flun- Relief Is Easily 20-m- Mixed at Home ... t, No Cooking. Makes Big Saving. To get quick and satisfying relief from coughs due to colds, mix this recipe in your kitchen. Once tried, you'll never be without It. First, make a syrup by stirring 2 cups granulated sugar and one cup of water a few moments, until dissolved. A child could do it. No cooking needed. Or you can use corn syrup or liquid honey. Instead of sugar sj rup. Then get 2 ounces of Pmei from any druggist. This is a special compound of proven ingredients, in conn for its centrated form, prompt action on throat and bronchial membranes. Put the Pinex Into a pint bottle, and add your syrup. This makes a full pmt of splendid medicine and you get about four times as much for your money. It never spoils, and tastes flpe. And for quick, blessed relief, it is amazing. You can feel It take hold in away that means business. It loosens the phlegm, soothes the irritated membranes, and eases the soreness. Thus it makes breathing easy, and lets you sleep. Money refunded If not pleased In every way. off-dut- y well-know- B-1- 7 ... off-dut- g off-dut- y have-nots.- g ir When General MacArthur rides up the streets of Manila some day. we hope not far off, he may have a mounted cavalry escort and if he does, three of the members may be veterans of the battle of Bataan. The First cavalry fought for months overseas as foot soldiers. A part of their Job happened to be the capture of the racetrack at Taclo-baon Leyte. Naturally every man cast envious eyes on some of the high-steppin- g n horses left there. Later the horses were rounded up. and lo and behold, among them were three which were identified as having belonged to the 26th cavalry which had fought at Bataan. They were repatriated with acclaim and formed the nucleus of a mounted unit which has been doing excellent reconnaissance on the island. So history repeats In the war of 1898 dismounted U. S. cavalry were sent to the PhilLater a few horses were ippines. obtained and they proved so valu able that the whole regiment was mounted. by II auk Veterans Can Buy or Build Homes With Federal Aid Returning G I. Bill on homes of the In one ha fie section production of safety razor blades is sufficient for the current quarter, the WPB assures us. No excuse for the five o'clock shadow. A Tokyo broadcast cline In Jap revenue Stuart Chase says that once hit, business, big unions and big farmers moved in on the scene, it took big government to cope with them Now If only John Q. Public grows big enough, he may get a show, too. Another tarin is on according to the secretary of agri culture, like the one in the last war Well, theie is nothing that brighten-ua room m the pnnrhouse like pa pering it with mortgages. The With ranging over Tokyo almost daily its tough for the Imagination to conceive that three A few months ago an Ameriyears ago our rir forces only ascan doughboy lay concealed set was the moxie of its men. . . , in an advance scout post Bataan was saved at least once by the wizardry of our air force peramong Italys hills, walkie-talki- e to chest his sonnel, who had plenty of ingenuity strapped as well as courage. . . . Enemy ships and straining every faculty to were trying to land troops on the catch any sound from the shore one night. Though there were Germans just over the crest no bombers with which to stop of the rise. them, our airmen werent fazed. Suddenly he heard a gutter-a- l . . . Mechanics rigged up three purvoice, speaking authoritasuit ships with a device whereby two bombs could be attached tively in German. The Yank frowned in concentration, tryPerched on the hood of his jeep, Sergeant Hoffman employs a few to the wings and released by pulling to catch a few words. For- spare minutes to study during a lull in firing on the camp rifle range, ing a wire. . . . The three ships made three trips that night and tunately, he had been study- somewhere in the Middle East. bombed and strafed the Jap boats, Uniing German in Foxhole the troops from landing while conwas the preventing Island all ible sorts in still under for soldiers stationed and in his spare time, versity . . . What made their feat of stallinshelltinuous of and near and sometimes bombing, strafing places, the knowledge of it he had ing the Japs and gaining time for ing, TSergt Donald N. Roberts, side battle areas. already gained proved suffi- Coshocton, us even more of a miracle was that Ohio, a machine gunner, acanow a USAFI offers complete cient. most of the pilots had never before to the USAFI demic sent and completed program in high school, tech- flown at Snapping open the circuit of his another in his series of automobile night! More walkie-talkinical and comcollege owm subjects. he raised his than 250 subjects may be studied mand post In the rear, and warned: mechanics lessons. not The ago carSpanish Class on Bougainville. through the institutes own corre- ried a newspapers howlong Theyre going to move behind the there were of one considered story telling is Bougainville of Hundreds classes. hill to the right, and send a few spondence the wettest islands in the world, with similar subjects may be studied in no trees in the far Aleutians and men to the left as a feint. Watch 11 feet of rainfall a year. Despite extension courses offered by the 85 that pilots had brought in a single out for tricks another weather soldier, colleges and universities, located in tree, planted it and labelled it conditions, He had understood the German Umnak National Forest. Alcorn of San FranJohn T'Sergt. more than 40 states, as well as American gunners voice correctly What the news story failed to mencisco. conducted nightly Spanish lesand Hawaii which Canada, cooperfired the movement, ignored feinting tion was why the tree had been for his mates under the USAFI ate with the institute. sons when the flanking maneuver had flown in for the exclusive use of group study plan. He also studied In November, 1944, nearly 400,000 been almost completed, and praca fliers pet dog. himself Japanese by men and women were enrolled in tically annihilated the enemy comBecause he had missed elemenpany. correspondence courses, some workA flyer who had been stationed on 10 years before while in This time the soldiers German tary physics ing for high school diplomas, others an island for too E. Pvt. Richard school. many months destudies paid a timely dividend, but high taking technical subjects to per- veloped a crush on a Kansas stationed Mo., City, Unithis is not unusual as Foxhole fect skills or increase their knowlin North Africa with an operations girl, who looked very beautiful versity's courses frequently improve office attached to an edge, others picking up university engineer unit, credits that would lead to degrees. after months in the South Pacific. the students military efficiency at . . . In his barracks one day he was the same time that they Improve studied USAFI's elementary physics Approximately 600,000 were enrolled course. getting poetic about the girl when his chances of success upon his refor or classes. his While in a North African tattle thumbing through a buddy, turn to civilian life. in with Enrolled USAFI Septemmovie L. Clement Donald area, suddenly turned to magazine, SSergt. Founded early in 1942, "Foxhole ber, 1944 among the thousands of a photo of Grable In a bathlessons. his continued Betty bookkeeping University, formally known as the exsuit. . . . Hows this? for correction his ing Returning papers InstiUnited States Armed Forces asked the to USAFI he wrote: Red ink has up citedly holding buddy, tute, is now the worlds largest edu- not been used on these the picture. bookkeeping cational institution. In November, The pilot took a brief look and lessons, as I do not have any avail1944, approximately 1,000.000 men "White trash! and the local foxhole does not able snorted, and women In uniform wrere studyit in stock. carry of in ing individually correspondence From Anzio beachhead, when On a recent bomber mission courses or in groups in American forces were pinned down over Germany the flight ran into locally organized classes. for months, an infantryman wrote serious opposition from both g Student Body. of his USAFI course: Its funny fighters and flak, and a 7 was Wherever Americans are stationed but I can concentrate best when Im shell struck the hit. A throughout the world, men and driven into my hole by artillery fire top turret, and the gunner fell women of the army, navy, coast and have to stay there for hours. tq the floor covered with blood. guard and marine corps are studyI keep my books and a typewriter A colonel who had come ing subjects ranging from economin the hole and just start studying along as an observer rushed ics to engineering or from Spanish when the shelling begins. back to give first aid and, seeto sociology. And the students themTears Old. Three Nearly ing the lad's rigid form, thought selves are just about as varied as he was either dead or dying. Established in April, 1942, as the Corporal Schwars gazes proudly the curriculum. . . . He was about to adminisFor instance, theres Pvt. Arnold Army Institute, to give Army enlist- on her certificate, proclaiming that she in has ter a hypodermic when the guncourse the a chance ed to continue completed personnel Brewer, an Eskimo member of the Arabic with distinction. ner opened his eyes. . . . The Sixth Supply Squadron, who is based study that the war had interrupted, colonel bent over him, putting to aid them with their military inside the Arctic circle. In his were: 311 members of the his ear close to the lad's lips, hours he is studying USAFI's duties, and by adding to their edu- others, who had left school bearmed forces some last feeble their cation, expecting improve citizenship, course. Elementary English USAFI's services were extended to fore completing the sixth grade; 35 words. . . . Colonel," was the A corporal in a medical battalion, with PhD degrees; 26,573 high gunners comment, "Im beginWilliam H. Lindley had completed Navy, Marine Corps and Coast Guard personnel in September, 1942. school graduates; 2,211 with bachening to think there isn't much Inthree years at study lor's degrees; 191 with masters defuture in this racket. The name the following February diana University when e entered the Army. After completing his was changed to United States Armed grees. Follows Its Students. Despite popular misconception, Army basic training, he enrolled Forces Institute. USAFI has kept pace geographiAn official and in an extension boys of the AAF arent as Army through USAFI Navy school, cally with its students and there" are as people think. . . . This course given by Indiana University. its headquarters a former mail-orde- r verse was penned several months He is accumulating credits toward company store overlooking the now nine overseas branches in operWisconsin radio operator-gunne- r his M. D. degree. capitol at Madison, ation. The first branch was estab- ago by a who failed to return from a misSalvatore J. Ezzo, Philadelphia, USAFI is operated by the War De- lished in Hawaii in the falLof 1942. left high school before he had compartment (Information - Education Others were opened in rapid suc- sion over Italy: Oh, Hedy Lamarr in England, New Caledonia, is a beautiful gal. . . . And Madepleted his senior year. A sergeant Division, Army Service Forces) with cession Alaska, Egypt, Australia, India, leine Carrol is, too. . . . But youll In a fuel control office at an air the cooperation of the Navy Departbase, Ezzo became the first soldier ment (Educational Services Section, North Africa (now located in Italy), find, if you query, a different theory. and Panama. Bureau of Navy Personnel). . . . Amongst any bomber crew. . . . In the North African, Italian or MidOne fee, $2, enrolls any member For the loveliest thing of which one dle East theaters of war to obtain At first USAFI offered only corof the armed services (except Army could sing. . . . (This side of the a high school diploma for respondence courses. Now, howevofficers who pay the entire cost of Heavenly Gates). Is no blonde y courses and er, training. a Selfafter been month classes have Americans added. any USAFI course or examination or brunette of the Hollywood set. . . . Scarcely had established a beachhead on teaching study and group they require) for any course or serv- But an escort of in the South Pacific, studies have been particularly feas ice offered by the Institute. As long Bougainville as the student continues to pass," Pet story of Gen. Hap Arnold, he may continue to enroll for addiichief of the AAF, concerns the tional and correspondbrothers, who had repeatedence courses given by the Institute. Wright ly tried to fly a heavier-than-aExcept for commissioned and war- craft Finally, one December day. rant officers, and flight officers of at Kitty Hawk, N. C., they did what the Army, the Government will pay no man had ever done before. They half the text and tuition fees up to flew! . . . Elated, they wired their $20 for each university correspondWe have actualsister, Katherine: ence course. Army officers must pay ly flown 120 feet. Will be home for for their own courses. Christmas . . . Katherine ran down Former musicians, salesmen, law- the street and breathlessly handed yers, farmers, mechanics, bike rac- the telegram the news scoop of the ers, clerks, engineers, chemists, pro- century to the city editor of the lofessional basketball, football, and cal paper. hockey players are taking USAFI He read it carefully and smiled: courses. More than half of the stuWell, well! How nice the boys will dents are stationed overseas. Ev- be home for Christmas! ery week USAFI ships 60,000 textbooks abroad, a freight-ca- r load of A fighter pilot (veteran of the learning. famed Flying Tigers) took on Now that all the Japs here are half a dozen Jap planes in a dead ones, and we are getting lights, dogfight and downed two. Then I have started reviewing my leshis ammunition ran out. . . . sons and will send No. 3 to you as Ramming his plane into a third soon as possible, wrote SSergt. Arhe bailed out and managed to thur Davis, with a weather squadland safely near the wreck. Reron, stationed on a Pacific Island. moving the one undamaged maEdward A. Wittenhauer, Corp. chine gun from the debris he In alan the time extension granted carried it to his base where lotted for his course, wrote: I find he promptly reported to his it very difficult to keep my lessons commander, Gen. Claire Chen-naul- t: This handsome building with its Oriental decorations bouses the up to date. I am at a bomber staSir, may I have another Middle East branch of the USAFI In Cairo. Notice t'ne camel in the tion in England. This should exairplane for my machine gun? foreground, and the British policeman in white uniform and pith helmet. plain why I am so busy." By Correspondence Lines Hamper Civil Strife HNU Kervlre, Inlon Trust Building, Washington, I). C. Recently I saw a list of 12 European countries with an estimate of the number of calories consumed in each now, as compared with their Inhabitants' prewar diet. It was just at the time when the Greek revolt was well under way and only a tight lid was keeping the Belgian pot from boiling over. The calorie consumption in those Iwo countries was the lowest on the list. 67 and 63 per cent, respectively, of their prewar diet. About that time Myron Taylor, the Nothing Can Stop the Army Air Force! Continue Education By BAUKIIAGE A 5802 Million Servicemen A Further Restricts Deliveries. Ariel Lovely Polka Dots Make Colorful Apron Students of 'Foxhole University' Do Homework Between Battles tells of the dt from excises-n- ot the only government that has f yen for taxes. land-boo- p of Rights congress recognized that one of the most fundamental hopes of the returning veteran will be for a good home. It provides that the owned by veterans. Where a veteran on his own behalf secures a first mortgage on his home from a Federal agency or un- der Federal insurance, he also can t Federal Government, through the borrow a through a Administrator of Veterans' Affairs, second loan up to $2,000, fully guarwill guarantee up to 50 per cent or anteed by the Federal Government. a maximum of $2,000 loans made to The law limits the interest rates which may be charged and requires veterans for the purchase, construction, repair or improvement of repayment within 20 years. A veteran can buy a home without homes or for paying off over-du- e debts, taxes or special assessments having the ready money for a down-paymen- down payment, if he has a job or income which will enable him to repay his loan on easy terms over a long period of time. The bill also requires that the purchase price and repayment terms for homes financed under the act be reasonable, and that the properties be suitable for dwelling purposes. It is estimated that about 1.400.00C married men in the armed services will need houses immediately after their return to civilian life During a raid on Schweinfurst several months ago one of our bombers, Battlin Bobbie, was hit, and two of her engines were knocked out. . . . For 500 miles the over trees, roof tops and enemy pillboxes. . . . All the time as the plane limped along her crew kept praying the two smoking engines wouldn't blow up . . . When they finally reached home and the perspiring pilot climbed out of the ship, his comment was, We made a chapel out of that arplane bomber today. hedge-hoppe- d On your faeorito AT. B. C. rtation very Saturday morning 9:00 A. M., M. W. T. KIDO KGIR KSEI KDYL KTFI KOB KOA 8:00 A. M P. W. T. KFI KPO KHQ HELPS BUILD STAMINA HELPS BUILD ACTUAL RESISTANCE TO COLDS ' g Try Scotts Emulsion ! Contains natural A & D Vitamins that help bring back energy and stamina if there b dietary deficiency of these elements. Take it daily. All druggistsl good-tastin- |