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Show tiE SAUNA Stift, sAtiNA, UfAtf reported to put horses and cattle Unique Experiments sleep. With Stock Poisons (Continued from Page One) cent in individual cases. When applied to the millions of cattle, sheep and horses on western ranges, the percentages mentioned loom into totals. In number of animals, financial investment and food resources involved, the problem has been one of public concern. Nor is it 'only a matter of immediate loss. Rather, the constant danger of future losses, and the baffling nature of the cause and prevention, in former years, added to the hazards of nt . stock-raisin- g. The forest service was the first branch of the department of agriculture to take an active interest in the problem; but, owing to the highly technical nature of the work, it devolved in time on the bureau of plant industry, and finally was transferred to the bureau of animal industry. The forest service continued to by furnishing temporary field stations in localities where most problems we-iacute. Most of these stations, located at various times in Colorado, Nebraska, Texas and New Mexico, were little more than camps. The present station near Salina is of more permanent nature, comthree substantial frame prising buildings, besides bam, corrals and pens. One of the buildings is a laboratory, the others containing a kitchen and dining room, an office, and living quarters for the force of about a dozen workers. The forest service furnished the buildings, built and maintains a telephone line, and aids Ithe work otherwise. The bureau of plant industry has continued to by assigning a botanist to identify doubtful plants, and otherwise render expert service. Until Dr. Marsh undertook the thorough investigation of locoed stock, the cause had been an unsolved' problem for fifty years. Parasites and bacteria were suspected, but after four years of research Dr. Marsh proved that the trouble was due to a family of poisonous plants, now known as loco weeds. Locoed animals were commonly considered ruined and worthless. The disease affected their nervous systems,, and they became unmanageable, were unable to find feed, and In the finally died of starvation. face of these discouraging conditions, Dr. Marsh and his found effective remedies, and proved the possibility of curing both locoed horses and locoed cattle. Weak dos es of strychnine are the remedy for cattle, and Fowlers solution for horses. In fact, Dr. Marsh cured a badly locoed horse and used it as his saddle-hors- e for two years. He also took cattle in the last stages of locopoisoning and brought them back to marketable condition. Building on this beginning, the federal investigators determined the poisonous properties of larkspurs, milkweeds, death camas, and numerThe problems inous other plants. volved scores of tests, since the plants vary in their toxicity for different kinds of animals. The stage of growth is also important in some cases. Species of the same botan ical family are quite different in their poisonous properties, from which it is apparent that the work stock-poisonin- g so-call- calls for constant-verificati- on The office at the Salina experiment station includes a card cataliteralogue of the poisonous-plan- t ture of the world. It contains thousands of cards. To keep abreast of the work, it is necessary also to scan or read from 300 to 400 scientific, medical and veterinary periodicals each month, and note current discussions on the 'subject. Australia and South Africa have been active recently in poisonous-plan- t investigations, though farther back most of ueih work was eonducfed jin Germany. Yet, even with a library devoted to the literature on the subject, the investigators at Salina are obliged for the most part to blaze their way through pioneer fields in conducting their experiments. The principal method used is to fed measured quantities of suspected plants to expel imental anirpals, and to keep very careful recoids- of the effects on respiration, pulse, gait, appetite, weight and general condition. Different 'parts of the plants in various stages of growth are then tried, preliminary tests indicate they are dangerous. When bacterial infection may be a disturbing factor, the investigators sterilize the plant before is fed, in the study of suspected poisonous properties., The 4nvestii gations have .shown that plant poisons affect the glands of animals more noticeably than most other parts of the body a matter of considerable scientific interest. The experimental animals include cattle, horses, sheep, swine and pouIn the laboratory tests, rabltry. and cats are also bits, guinea-pig- s used. The station has on hand most of the time about fifty sheep, thirty cattle and a small supply of horses, Most of these pigs and chickens. animals are privately owned by stockmen in the neighborhood, who! gladly contribute the use of them in exchange for the privilege of using the government pasture. The investigators take good care of the animals and relieve owners of the expense of herding them. The, station staff likewise keeps (records of gains in weight for comparison with individual animals used in the feeding tests. of ex the knowledge conof the plant the properties cerning stockmen have their riders keep cattle away from larkspur patches until after July 1, when the danger ceas es. The investigations at the Salina station have showji that most plants , July; so, .with retain their poisonous principles af ter drying a matter not formerly recognized by stockmen. Through dealing at first with problems of special concern to per sons using western ranges, Dr. of workers rec Marsh and his corps is not limited such work ognize that One of boundaries. by geographical the more recent investigations ha dealt with cases of poisoning by cockleburs a common weed, widely found in the corn belt and elsewhere In its early stage of growth the cocklebur is poisonous to swine and cattle, contrary to a rather common belief that the injury is tausec merely by irritation of the burs. Other experiments have included research with plants found in many different parts of the country. West ern sneezeweed has been found to be especially dangerous to sheep, while h poisoning is limited chief ly to cattle. Investigations this year have included work with sever milkweeds, wild tobacco, St. John:: wort, eoyotillo, several locos, some of the species, and sleepy grass. In a locality in New Mexico the plant last mentioned is oak-brus- death-cam- as How Butter Fat in Milk Is Broken Up , Do you know what homogenization means? Ninety-eigh- t out of 100 h o u b to whom the question recently was puF Women are as old or as young as their state of health. A woman may be young, at. sixty years or old at forty. It all depends on her physical . well-ladn- . the word A New Feature. t t EVERY DAY SPECIALS t ! See the little stand on it is a display of REAL SPECIALS we offer our patrons Daily DONT MISS THESE BARGAINS-MEATAND GROCERIES admitted they Youth and beauty have, a foundacouldnt answer. 4 tion in sound health. Aud food Is Can you? 4- in easily the most important item But here It Is to the In health. consideration giving $ , explained by Miss The Quality Store subjects of diet and beauty, women Meta II. Given, should not forget the food essentials food authority dothat make for the preservation of ing research teeth, hair, figure and complexion. work at the Uniflat Blame for round shoulders, of Chiversity chest and poor teeth among women cago. is due in 'large measure to faulty diet, Homogen I z or, specifically, to a lack of lime and . says Miss Milk, or evaporated phosphorus. Mr. Auto Man, if you need electric work on your car, 4. Is Given, the Fat Globules milk, which Is simply cows milk with name of the let we With modern with procus our MMk. appliances Raw 'figure you. CO per cent of the water taken away, ess which breaks ' can surely suit you in workmanship. is especially rich in lime. in evaporated milk Into butter fat up Because of the concentration of We also handle oils, gases, accessories and can take care so thy blend evenly tiny evaporated milk, which Is regulated with particles the solids. Homogenization of your car. T standards. It Is of causes the by government butter fat globules to adhere to the albumin and the casein of the milk. In the process, milk Is forced through countless numbers of G. L. DeLANG, Prop. openings at a pressure of around 5 pounds. 44 4 44 84 444 $44 4 ? 4 5 4 5 4 4 4 4 4 A 5 4 J 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 5 4 44 In addition to preventing a cream and skim milk line, this breaking up of fat contributes to smoothness and 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 44 4 4 4 4 4 4 5 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 5 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 perfect blending of foods such as 4 cream sauces, soups, Ice cream and double the richness of ordinary marIn baked products. ket miik, as is shown in the following It also has a digestive advantage j table: . We have installed a HOBART BATTERY CHARGING those who have difficulty In asfor Milk. Ordinary which works automatically. Batteries charged in milk. 4 machine, cent 3.5 Many pediatricians to Fat similating per Sugar (lactose) .... 4.5 to 4.75 per cent recommend evaporated milk as a baby and does not overcharge. The first modern mahours eight 3.5 to 4 Proteins ; per cent food, although, like other substitutes 7 .75 cent to Minerals in Salina. per for the natural supply, It should not lt chine installed Evaporated Milk. HAVE YOUR BATTERIES CHARGED OVER NIGHT. be considered as a food complete In 7.8 to 8.2 per ceni Fat Sugar- (lactose) ... .9.5 to 10 percent Itself. Addition of orange or tomato 7.5 to 8.2 per cent Juice, barley water or lime water are Proteins 1.4 to 1.6 per cent Minerals Important In providing adequate diet W. H. Brown, Prop. A quart of milk a day for adults Is , for the Infant. All authorities recognize' that recommended by doctors not only be- lts Mgh nflneral content, but normal mothers milk Is the best food cause for infants, but for the reasons that It helps keep the ' this natural milk tract in proper condition, digestive Is frequently Istrengthens the body to resist disease, and gives proper balance to the diet. nadequate In quality and quanSalads also play an important part Scientists in the dietary. Some sort of a salad, tity. say cow's milk lettuce, tomato, fresh fruit, cabbage WORK SHIRTS AND JUMPERS is the best subor vegetable, should be eaten at least OVERALLS . . cows But stitute. once a Hay. Neither is the cTally must milk be menu complete without a generous Andwe have a fine line of shoes for the Working Man and modified and supquality of coarse, leafy vegetables, the Boys. with plemented valuable for their high vitamin conother foods. The Occasionally an experimental ani- tent. Fruit juices also have very WE CORDIALLY INVITE INSPECTION fat In mother's I mal succumbs to some poisonous beneficial properties. milk Is In homoIf a woman follows out the rules of plant. In that case an autopsy is suspengeneous held, and samples of its tissues and diet, birthdays to her will be nothing sion and celebration. for more an a excuse than being organs are taken for microscopic flocculent forms and chemical studies. The governsmall curds In ment, of course, pays for such aniHISTORY IN CAKE the stomach, but mals, but the expense is. small comthe fat In cows milk Is In relatively large globules, pared with maintaining government-owne- d stock the year around. The forms large tough curds In the stomach and is much harder to digest. total mortality of livestock at the In evaporated milk the fat Is broken Salina station during the ten years up by homogenization and the curds of its operation is less, Dr. Marsh softened until In size and digestibility asserts, than the number of animals they resemble natural Infant food that sometimes die from at one time in a single herd. The force of investigators consists of Dr. Marsh, A. B. Clawson, his asButter Wrappers printed at. the sistant, and several young men from ah agricultural college who help in Sun office. Quick service. the investigations and also act as la borers. Mr. Clawson is a physiologist and microscopist who has made special study of the effects of plants upon animal periments, and no end of patience and , resourcefulness. are poifor instance, Larkspurs, sonous early in the season, but later are not so dangerous. In Colorado the low larkspus dies about the first of Young At 60, Or Old At 40? Diet Decides B. B. SHOP 4'$i;6. ELECTRIC WORK . tem-peiatur- e, SALINA ELECTRIC SHOP 3,-5- I Modern Battery Charging J t - SALINA SERVICE STATION ! IHIigh Quality Goods ; LOUIS JACOBS Butter Wrappers Printed by the plant-poisoni- Salina Sun Ramify cm rny afford an stock-poisoni- tissues. the regular work at the Salina station, a number of incidental investigations are in progress. One of these' relates to the effect of grazing on the growth of poisonous plants. Tests have shown, for instance, that restricted grazing will anable the valuable grasses to. crowd out sneezeweed, which is poisonous chiefly to sheep. One plot of ground, ungrazed for nine years, is practic111111; ally free from harmful plants. Stock-me- n are constantly making requests for the services of the federal specialists in diagnosing troubles and This replica of historic Independfinding remedies. So far as time ence Hall in Philadelphia Is a fine expermits, such requests receive per- ample of the bakers art. It was made sonal attention; .otherwise suitable by the chef of one of Philadelphias leading hotels to advertise the literature is sent.International Exposition, The results of the work described will open In that city June 1 which the to are available to stockmen and and run to December 1 to celebrate public; in more than a score of bulthe 150th anniversary of American Inletins and circulars, most of which dependence. State House The are free, others being obtainable for stands on a table at the entrance to a few cents. Public addresses, ar- the main dining room of the hotel. ticles in livestock journals and, more lately, educational exhibits have also Greatest Artificial Lake g brought this important side of What will be the largest artificial before stockmen of the coun- lake in the world Is being built In a try. Yet new problems are con- remote section of Alabama to assure stantly arising, and the end of the a constant flow of water for driving work is not in sight. But it is going three large electric generators. These will feed power into the electrical forward gradually and systematicaltransmission system of the state. The rely, each year bringing about a lake will have a shore line 700 miles menace. duction of the and will cover 40,000 acres of Besides Sesqul-Centenni- - - long Gentle Hint WASHER al stock-raisin- farm and forest land. Y Only HERES Popular Science Monthly. Hiram Sniekleby, a New Jersey Toy Theater Comes Back , horse dealer, sold a horse to an ex In Europe the toy theater has again pressman who, however, returned In hold of the popular fancy with taken a day or two with the statement that he was not exactly satisfied with his the result that there are some Interestdeal. He was asked the reason for ing offerings being made. The smart set of London is back of It. The enhis disatisfaction. Is given by means of mintertainment Theres only one thing I dont like about this mare, he said. She wont iature toy actors manipulated by strings. It is a far cry from the days hold her head up. of the manipulated punch and Judy ex her Oh, thats only silly pride, as even Shakespearean dramas shows, She will when she's claimed Hiram. are being given In these modern toy for." fully paid 'theaters. a small deposit required the balance as you use the Easy . good news for women who washday. A small deposit puts theEasy Washer in your home, and the balance you can pay in monthly amounts that you scarcely feeL Think what a relief to have no more drudgery on Mondays; to be free from tired legs, an aching back and reddened hands! With the Easy you wash the heaviest, dirtiest pieces spotlessly clean, and also do your dainty, delicate things more carefully and gently than by hand. The Easys big round copper tub holds ten single sheets. The reversible e metal wringer works electric is going and washer the when both enables It is it when you to stopped. clothes of batch through one wring the rinse and .blue vVl.,. while another I batch is washing. Dont wait longer. Phone us for a free Home Trial Demonstration of the Easy. We will send the Easy and a demonstrator to your home and do a weeks washing without, the slightest cost or obligation to you. one-piec- Telluride Power Co. |