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Show r I TIE RICH COUNTY NEWS, RANDOLPH. UTAH , PICRIC ACID MADE FOR WAR IS USEFUL FOR BLASTING STUMPS STORIES AMERI Uncle Sams Volcanic National Park acted at the request of Secretary of the Interior Fall, while Lorrin A. Thurston, publisher of the Honolulu Advertiser and pioneer citizen of Hawaii, represented the territory. Included in the large crowd which gathered to witness the ceremony was a tourists from party of twenty-eigh- t New York. The new park, with a total area of about 74,000 acres, is divided into three sections, which embrace some of the most Interesting and In many has respects the most noteworthy feaSams tures of the entire national park system of national playgrounds system. On the island of Hawaii are the by the official dedication of Hawaii Ivllauea and Mauna Loa, the' latter National park. marked the dedication with an elevation of 13,675 feet, Simplicity the second highest peak in the ceremonies, which took place on the brink of Halemaunau, firepft of Pacific. The third section of the volcano, where the hot breath park lies on the island of Maui and of Peles fires scorched the faces of is known as the Haleakala section, A feaparticipants and onlookers. taking its name from the mountain ture of the ceremony was the chant- whose great extinct summit crater ing of an ancient Hawaiian prayer forms the principal portion of the to Pele, goddess of fire, whose leg- area controlled by the government endary home Kilauea is, followed by The crater of Haleakala Is twenty a repetition of the first Christian prayer miles in circumference at its rim, repeated at the volcano by the first which has an elevation of 10,000 feet, Hawaiian to defy Pele. The park was has a depth of over 2,000 feet and an aeceived on behalf of the federal gov- extreme width of seven miles, being ernment by A. O. Burkland of the the largest extinct volcanic crater United States geodetic survey, who known. i - unit Another HONOLULU. to Uncle be-,ln- g To Blast a Stump Successfully Requires Experience and Judgment Ki-lu- Gold Is Found Wherever You Find It ANGELES. The whimsy of fate which has uncovered most of the fabulous mineral wealth throughout . the world is again manifest in the $imta Monica hills near . here where, it is claimed, gold in almost Incredible quantities was located during experiments with oilbearing shale. Hitherto worthless land, according to report of some 70 reputable assny-istshows a value of from $14 to $60 per ton, confirming the claims of the three men who blundered upon two vertible mountains of the precious ore. are flabbergasted, Mineralogists for the andesite or shale rock in which the yellow metal is said to be suspended, has heretofore shown only the minutest trace of gold. Nine months ago, Dr. W. T. Covington, a Los Angeles dentist, became interested in a proposition to extract oil from shale found in the Santa Monica hills. W. J. Dean, a Chicago mining man, with a new type retort, had interested Dr. Covington. Nick Evert, e an prospector who held a in an oil lease on 2,300 acres, also was interested. Samples of the supposed oil shale were sent to Denver. In the test for oil shale. It OS s, old-tim- Dedhams is necessary to bake the rock, and In this process there came to light not oil, but gold. The assay report of the Denver firm was $14 a ton, but to make certain there was no mistake, additional samples were requested. Since then over seventy assays have been made of rock from every section fit the land held by Evert, and in each case with a valuation anywhere from $14 to $59 a ton. Apparently there are millions of tons of this andesite two hills 1,000 to 1,500 feet high. While the reported gold strike has created considerable excitement in Los Angeles and vicinity, there has been no rush for the scene, for the entire territory has been homesteaded. gold-bearin- g International Murder Trial These cases seem to have assumed a state, national and International in- terest. Overseas a statement was published that the presiding justice (Judge Thayer) said to the jury that these men must be convicted because they were Italians and radicals. That statement was absolutely false. Th was published through ignorance or Judge Webster the hearing for a new trial for Nicolo Sacco and Bartolomeo Vnnzetti, convicted of a double murder during a highway robbery at South Braintree last year. These are the two men, who, since their conviction have been the subjects of bomb, speaking and marching demonstrations in Europe and South DEDHAM, MASS. America. In the Norfolk county court house, under the heaviest armed surveillance In its history, with mounted state constabulary patrolling the' vicinity, motorcycle policemen held in reserve, and a score of uniformed Boston policemen with riot guns stationed about the structure and grounds, Judge Thayer made a formal statement, saying, in part: malice. I want It made clear that I stated, to the jury in my eharge: In the administration of our Itws, criminal or civil, there is and should be no discrimination between classes ' ' of society. Under our laws all classes," poor or rich, learned or illiterate, radical or conservative, foreign or native born, enjoy the same rights and privno ileges. I therefore beseech to allow the fact that these defendant am Italians to influence you. The; -- jl have the same rights as though Jheii ancestors qume ove- - In the Mayflower I make this statement because feel that In view of what is happening abroad and because of the situation that may exist the people of tills commonwealth should know the statement that their servant made to the jury in the trial of these cases. 1 Leopard Changes His Spots in Bryantown NE3. The days when a accompanied the trips of the poundmaster in Lincoln have passed. Never again need Towser worry when the homeless e foe come into be sees that view, for the poundmaster no longer is the killer of dogs. Quite to tlte contrary, the poundmaster from now on is the friend of every canine waif. TI e city of Lincoln has made a provision for its homeless dogs as no city bus ever done before. A tract of land less or otherwise. Is subject to a fine. Also, the presence of a stray dog has been set aside on which are located kennels and runways. of con- must be made known to the Humane struction similar to those to be found society under the new regulations. For a dog whose condition is so preat any breeding place of pedigreed or which Is so Injured as to carious dogs. To this tract will be brought all make It impossible for It to walk to Dr. O. J. Norden the strny dogs that are found in the city, the offices of and. unless they are provided other city's specially appointed veterinarian an ambulance has been provided. homes, they will live there happily for This ambulance is to be available at the rest of their days. A doctor has been appointed to look any hour of the day or 'night. A regular booking agency is mainafter the ailments of the dogs of the which lists names of persons tained the to notify failing person Any city. sickcase dogs, and to them are sent of wanting ef authorities any proper canines. ' the to known Is when it stray a ness of dog It is said 99 per cent of all strs him or who poisons a dog, or in any manner mistreats a dog, be It home dogs are thus provided with hjmes. LINCOLN, warrant X 100-Inc- Mirror h the National Geographic Society, Washington, D. C.) Man takes many trips on the face of the globe ; It might be well for him to soar beyond the clouds to observe the time table and routes of the (Prepared by" spheres and note the relation of his earth to the celestial scheme of things. When a mighty storm sweeps over the ocean, when a great war devastates a continent, when a Katmai blows off her head, when an earthquake destroys a populous city, men stand overwhelmed and awed at the spectacle. But how little and Insignificant are such forces, measured by the majestic might of the earth as It sweeps on Its course around the sun An eminent phsycist has estimated that the power developed by a million Niagaras In a million years would not equal the energy expended by the earth in a single second as it circles round the sun. And yet so perfect is the mechanism that, flying around its axis at an equatorial , speed of more than 1,000 miles an hour, and around its orbit at more than 1,100 miles a minute, all the mundane Influences, of which astronomers know could not change the length of Its day as much as a second in 100,000 years. But as soon as one looks out into space with the eye of the astronomer, there c6mes the discovery that In all Its seeming greatness the earth is so 1 s half-intere- Transporting the small that even a telescope 10,000 times as powerful as the strongest Instrument now in existence would not reveal It to an astronomer on any fixed star. Compared with the sun, our planets More Insignificance becomes evident. than 1,300,000 spheres like ours would be needed to make a bulk equal to that of a single sun. Herschels Picture of Solar System. Perhaps our most grnphic picture of the solar System is given by Herschel. Imagine a circular field two and a half miles in diameter; place a library globe two feet In diameter In the very center, 82 feet away put a mustard seed. The globe will represent the sun and the mustard seed Mercury. At a distance of 142 feet place a pea, and another at 215 feet These will represent Venus and the earth, A both as to size and distance. rather large pinhead at a distance of 427 feet-w-ill speak for Mars, and a d tangerine a quarter of a mile distant will stand for Jupiter. A s of a mile small lemon at will play the role of Saturn, a large of a mile will cherry tree three-fourtd answer for Uranus, and a plum at the very edge of the field will proclaim Neptune. Whether studied as the head of the planetary family to which the earth belongs, or whether as an average member of the great household of suns that dwell in the distant skies, Old Sol has many thrills for the student. To the inhabitants of the earth the fact that he shines is the most important physical consideration in life. From him we derive warmth, light and power; without him the oceans nnd even the' air Itself would freeze; and, of course, under such conditions, life would be Impossible. Wliile the stars appear to us about as much like the sun as the fireflies of a summer night, yet the patient investigations of astronomers show not only that the sun is a star, but that it Is by no means either the largest or d brightest of the celestial family. that it Is a star and knowing that the next nearest one Is 300,000 times as far away, astronomers addressed themselves to the task of learning about the other stars by studying our own. They found that there are some like It, giving out the same kind of light, though most of them send us, through the spectrum, that tell quite different messages stories. All in a Vast Migration. When we consider the solar system with its great sun, Its eight planets nnd their 27 moons, and its 800 asteroids as occupying an area whose diameter is nearly 6,000,000,000 miles (some 6,000,000 times as far as frtm New Tork to Chicago), it is amazing to think that there may be millions of other solar systems as large or larger hnn our own, comparatively close to ns as star distances go, though so remote that their planets could not be seen by the astronomers of the earth. fair-size- two-fifth- fair-size- Fromasadena to Mt. Wilson. even with telescopes as much more powerful than the biggest ones now In use as the latter are stronger than the naked eye. So careful an astronomer as Agnes M. Clarke tells us that a skiff In a vast, unfurrowed ocean could not be more utterly alone than Is our solar system In Its little comer of the universe. She continues: Yet the sun Is do Isolated body. To each individual of the unnumbered stars strewing the firmament, down to it the fajntest speck of light, stands in some kind of relationship. Spectroscopic studies and sky observation alike tell us, that oar sun and his family are all headed In a great migration across the sky toward a point between the constellations of Hercules and Lyra. The speed with which we are traveling in that direction is 12 miles a The velocity of an artillery second. shell is around 3,000 feet a second; that of the sun is 63,000 feet. An artillery shell with the velocity of the solar system through space would, according ta Klppax, penetrate a sheet of steel four city blocks thick. Is our great family journey through space along a straight road, or Is It revolving around some greater body, even as the earth revolves around the sun and the moon around the earth? The astronomer tells us frankly that if the sun has an orbit its curve as yet defies detection. Star Cluster in v Hercules. A faint idea of the 'stupendous number of stars that dot the sky and the staggering distance that separate them from our earth may be obtained from a fuzzy little speck of light In the constellation of Hercules. It Is visible to the unaided eye only on the clearest nights; but train a telescope on Tt and you will see oue of the. finest star clusters in all the heavens. Ritcheys photograph of this cluster, Mount Wiltaken with the big h son reflector, discloses that it is made up of more than 50,000 stars, very many of them as big and as bright as our owrn sun. How far away they are cannot be said, for they are too remote for measurement with the finest instruments yet devised. It Is certain, however, that they are at least so distant that the light coming to the earth from them this year may have started on Its hurtling journey through space about the time of Joshuas conquest of Jericho. A glance to another spot In ths firmament will afford a- - weak suggestion of the tremendous age of the universe. The central star of the swbrd of Orion appears to the naked eye ac merely a dim little fellow that might be passed without a thought. But a telescope discloses it as the most magnificent nebula in the heavens. Its diameter is thought to be 20,000,000 times greater than that of our sun. When the sweet singer of Israel sang that the heavens declare the glory of God and the firmament shew-etHis Handiwork, he had nevet seen more than 5,000 stars. With the latest Mount Wilson reflector 300,000,-00write themselves upon the photographic plate. ... high-power- 0 Settling His Doubts. Boston man of discriminating taste, dining at his favorite eating place, ordered fricassee chicken, took one look at it and called the waiter: When does a chicken become a fowl here? The obliging waiter scowled hard before finding his answer: When It is a rooster, sah , . Its a matter A ' of sex. But the patron did not seem convinced, and the steward was summoned. Again the polite Inquiry: When does a chicken become a fowl, M ? sir, in this restaurant 1 came back the steward ; and the guest 4nt pleasantly on with his meal. ' Pittsburgh Sun. Never, Did Look Bd. Oh, yes, we are engaged to be married next spring; but I fear she has not that utter confidence in me that comes with perfect love. Why so? - "Well, when a fellow looks back and sees her testing the diamond in her engagement ring on the window pane dont you think he has good cause t feel a.blt dubious I" (Prepared by the United States Department of Agriculture.) Distribution by the United States Department of Agriculture of 12,500,-00-0 pounds of picric acid Alvaged from the war stores and designed to be used for farm explosives will arouse interest In the desirability and practicability of blasting stumps to clear off old wood lots for crop purposes. The picric acid for distribution has been allotted to the states according to areas of cutover lands. It is planned to establish an agency In each with the departstate to ment, and the agricultural college in each state has been asked to act In that caparity. Not Commercially Available, Picric acid is rather higher In explosive power than ordinary commercial dynamite as used In agriculture, but for manufacturing reasons Is not likely to be on the market after the governments supply is disposed of. For stump and rock blasting work It Is used In ' practically (he. same way, being exploded by, a detonating cap, either with a fuse or an electric 'detonator. In blasting stumps, the proper location and size of the charge depend ' upon the kind, size and age of the the of soil and the kind stump; amount of moisture in It; and the method of firing the charge which is to be used. , For stumps a good method Is to dig away enough earth at the side to permit boring an Inclined hole well down past the center at the depth where It Is desired to cut the root off. The hole should be at least eight Inches deeper than the length of the cartridge to allow for tamping. This charge may be fired by fuse or electricity, or two or more charges may be placed In holes around the outside of the root and fired with an electric blasting machine. Sometimes even one large charge,' planted deep on the ou side of the root, will do the work. . Where stumps have lateral roots, some experience and judgment will be necessary In placing the explosive, especially If only one charge Is used. Generally the center of resistance will be the center of the stump, although sometimes roots on one side are much stronger than on the other. The depth requires careful consideration. For small stumps the charge should be at least two feet deep, while larger stumps with roots should be loaded deeper. Sandy soli requires a deeper charge than clay or loam. tap-root- tired under water, apply some waterproofing substance. Tie the fuse In place with a string around the fuse, and the' cartridge. Then carefully place the cartridge in the blast hole, making sure the cap stays in position. Priming for electric discharge is much simpler.' Directions go with the ape paratus. Wooden Stick for Tamping. Having placed the primed charge, It is necessary to tamp it. Any straight Inches in diround stick, about 1 ameter and 5 feet long, will do for tamping. Never use iron. Moist clay, moist loam, and moist sand, following one another in the order named, make the best tamping material. The material should be packed lightly for four or six inches, and then rammed as hard as the surrounding soli. Before firing see that everybody la out of the way. In firing a safety fuse It Is best to split It, exposing the powder for an inch, apply a match nntil the powder spits, and then run to safety. If the charge falls, let It alone until next day. For large jobs It will often be found advisable to buy an electric blasting outfit, which will fire several charges at once. The bureau of public roads of the United States Department of Agriculture will give information about the distribution of picric acid and the. use of this hnd other explosives. The distribution, however, will be made only , through state agencies. , - ' USE GREEN MANURIAL CROPS Gradually Taking Place of 8table Manure to Keep Up Supply of Organic Matter. Prof, R. L. Watts, writing in the Market Growers Journal, sums up the fertility problem of the market grower in the following; While we have pinned our faith to the use of stable manure In producing good crops, green manurtal crops are gradually taking the place of stable manures. It Is forunate that we are able to maintain In this manner the supply of soil organic matter. Let us remember some essentials in the successful use of green manures. They might be given as follows: 1. Soil adaptation. We should be careful to select the right crop for the soil under cultivation, which also fits properly Into the system of cropping. 2. Use a bountiful supply of seed. 3. Use sufficient commercial fertilizer to insure a heavy growth. 4. Sow in ample time, especially in the fall of the year, so that the crop will get a good start before winter. 8ize of Charge. 5.. Take advantage of every opporThe size of the charge - cannot be to grow a manurtal crop." specified briefly, but one authority tunity recommends roughly one-ha'"pound of 20 per cent dynamite for" each FEEDING MINERALS TO HOGS square foot of stump.' With picric acid, investigations by the When Given in Balanced Rations They United States Department of AgricuHave Little Effect on Economical lture and other institutions Jndieate Gains. that success can be attained with one-- , fourth of a pound for each square foot Minerals fed in balanced rations to of white-pin- e stamps, with larger hogs had little if any effect on rapidity charges for hardwood stumps. The or economy of gains, report Ohio and inexperienced blaster' should begin ex- Illinois stations. They find that minperiments with small stumps and ad- erals strengthen the bones of the animals. When pigs are not receiving just the charge. Holes In soil may usually be made a balanced ration, bat are being fed crowbar with a without pasture, milk.or tankage, minby driving a maul. In wood of course, erals are a valuable aid. They may an auger Is required. Sometimes It is pay when fed to breeding animals. wise to set off a small charge in the Minerals used In these tests were bottom of the hole to form a chamber ground limestone, lime, rock and after the hole has cooled tamp It phosphate, bonemeal In various forma, full of slit cartridges. If the soil Is slaked coal and salt Every practical dry, the paper covering of the' car- hog man knows the worth of charcoal, tridges may be slit with a sharp knife wood ashes and salt for hogs, especialand the cartridges tamped Into a solid ly in winter when hogs cant get Into mass with a wooden slick. Cartridges the soil. may be divided by slitting the paper around and breaking. Never attempt to slit a frozen cartridge. ' To prime the charge, cut off the Lightning Rod Points. proper length of fuse, allowing at least 2 feet per minute required to get to Farmers Bulletin 842 from safety after firing.' Ohio experiment station the Open the cap box and allow one cap gives the following advice for to slide into the hand. Never pick or the installation of lightning pry out a cap with a stick or wire, as rods: they are very sensitive. Slip the end - Conductors should be Installed of the fivse snugly Into the open end In as straight runs as possible. of the cap. Crimp the cap on with a Where bends are necessary, use crimper. If the charge is to be fired curves of at least one foot ra-- : In water, apply a little grease around dlus. the top of the cap. Rods are best secured to the With the crimper handle, or a stick building by the single piece the size of a lead pencil, make a hole screw fasteners. In the side of the cartridge, Inclining Aerials should be spaced It so the part to be occupied by the along the rods. cap will be parallel with the side of e cartridge If the cartridge la to be - g - lf ten-pou- air-slak- ' -- . |