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Show THE RICH COUNTY NEWS, RANDOLPH, UTAH i MANY FINE TREES CAN BE SAVED BY SIMPLE METHOD OF REPAIR OF QUALITIES EtiCK ROADS Bureau of Public Roacfc Making Teat of Varidlii Type of (Pavement . With Motortrucks. The bureau of public Aonds Is making a study of the relative wearing qualities of different typW of pavements and tests have been hqit cample ted on a short section of pavement containing 49 different types subjected to the wear of a special truck equipped with five large cast-iro- n disklike wheels. The relative wearing qualities of hard as co&ipared with soft brick are brought out very distinctly in this test The resistance to wear of various kinds of stone bloc!, seceoo-ad- tions is also shown nn i Simple Treatment Saves Many Fine Trees Like This Tree surgery is comparatively sim- ple and inexpensive and most persons can, with a little preliminary practice, undertake the simpler types of tree repair work that will prove immenseA ly profitable in saving fine trees. few fundamental principles must be observed to secure permanently good results. (1) Remove the dead, decayed, diseased or injured wood or bark. . When on a limb this can often be done best by removing the entire limb; on a large limb ' or on the trunk it may mean at tunes digging out the decayed matter so that a cavity is formed. (2) Sterilize all cut surfaces. (3) Waterproof all cut surfaces. (4) Leave the work in the most favorable condition for rapid healing; this will often mean filling or covering deep cavities. (5) Watch the work from year to year for defects and if any appear attend to them immediately. Removing Large Limbs. A large limb rarely should be removed by a single ,saw cut from the upper side, as this usually strips the bark and wood as it falls. A preliminary cut should be made from the under side, beyond the point for the final cut ; and a second cut on the upper side an inch or more beyond the first one. Then cut the stub close to A coat of good shellac the trunk. should be applied over the entire area of the bark, 'outer sapwood, and the cambium immediately. Creosote should be applied to the rest of the exposed wood not already covered by the shellac as a protection, and the entire shellacked and creosoted surface should be finally waterproofed with thick coal tar or asphalt. Grafting wax, particularly the thick liquid alcoholic kind, is excellent for waterproofing small surfaces. Another good method of treating the scars is to char the surface with a gasoline or alcohol blast torch and then quickly cover the hot surface with heavy tar, pitch, or hot asphalt. The treated surfaces should be watched from year to year and recoa ed as necessary to preserve the wa' terproofing. m In removing small branches and twigs the cut should be made as close to the supporting branch as possible, so as to leave no projecting stub. The pruning wound must be sterilized and For very small wounds shellac is handy. When a wound has been allowed to remain untreated for a year or more, g organisms are almost certain to have started an area of decay and insect activity behind the exposed surface. Such regions generally require excavation of decayed and diseased wood and sterilizing and waterproofing of the cut surfaces. The tools ordinarily required are two outside-groun- d s of an iach gouges (one and the other 1 inches), a knife, mallet or hammer, and an oilstone. Only keen edges should be used on the bark or near the camwater-proofe- decay-producin- socket-handle- d three-fourth- bium. Remove Diseased Wood. Remove all the diseased or insect-eate- n wood. In disor water-soakeeased areas of many years standing there may be only a thin shell of healthy wood around the cavity, in which case the tree must be braced or guyed, and it is often better removed and replaced by a healthy one. Do not leave a cavity so it will retain water. In shaping a cavity that is to be filled with cement, etc., have the sides undercut, if possible, so as to hold the filling more firmly in place. Inroll ed bark at the edges of the opening should be cut away after the decayed and diseased matter has been completely excavated and the edges of the sapwood and bark adjoining the cambium shellacked. The remainder of the cavity also must be sterilized. Over this Creosote is recommended. a heavy waterproof covering should be applied. Filling the cavity is of much less Importance. Often a cavity is better left unfilled. A cavity must be watched from year to year and any tendency of the waterproofing to crack, split, or blister should immediately be counteracted by repainting. covering is used Vhere sheet-metthere should be a narrow half-inc- h ledge of bare wood around the edge to which the margin of thf metal can be tacked. The cavity must be erili7ed acid waterproofed, d al thor-OTii'- One, and the sheet metal fitted tight at the edges. If a long cavity is to be filled with cement or asphalt, it usually is advisable to place one Or more bolts through it to hold the wood and filling more firmly together. Long cavities, as a rule, should be bolted every 18 .or 24 inches. The most widely used material for filling cavities is cement, 'usually In the form of cement mortar or concrete. Under certain conditions asand sawdust and sand used in phalt combination with cement blocks or with wood would be better than either used separately, and they often are more economical. Often large pieces of wood or smaller sectional pieces can be fitted to the opening and the interstices filled with the plastic. The Department of Agriculture invites correspondence concerning methods In work, and will be tree-repa- Sv - Vitrified Brick Used for Paving Roaas. The Old Year and the New ir A Sermon for New Year's Eve prepared to advise for or against any particular method so far as experience and the results of experiments will permit. Best to Kill Fowl by Cutting Throat With Knife. Makes Product for Better Appearing Be Done by Placing Carcasses in Iced Water. . Birds to be killed and marketed should be kept without feed for at least 12 hours before killing, say poultry specialists of the United States Department of Agriculture. The best method of killing is to suspend the fowl by the legs and through the mouth cut the jugular vein in the back d of the throat with a g this vein knife. After once or twice, cut into the roof of the mouth so as to pierce the brain with the point of the knife, slightly turning the point after it has pierced the brain. Fowls to be used at home may be killed more easily by chopping oft their heads. The fowls may be either dry picked or scalded. market fowl, makes a but scalding, which is easier, is often preferred, if the bird Is for home use. should be done Immediately after the bird Is killed, as the feathers then come out more easily. Be careful not to tear the skin. For scalding, use water heated just below the boiling point, immersing the fowl two or three times, or until the feathers pull off easily, but do not leave it in so long that the skin scalds. Cool the fowls after they are pieked, either by hanging them up in-cool place or soaking them in cold or iced water. Fowls for market are usually sold undrawn, but for honqe or local use they may be drawn by removing the crop through an opening made in the skin of the neck, and cutting around the vent and then removing the Intestines and all other visceral material, making an additional slit into the abdomen if necessary. Place the liver and gizzard back in the body cavity. sharp-pointe- cross-cuttin- g better-appearin- g Dry-picki- : SCALES FOR TRUCK USE Farmers as a rule have not platform scales suitable for motortruck This fact should be weighing. taken into consideration in buying scales in the future; even if one does not own a motortruck when he decides to buy a scale it is well, in most cases at least, to buy a scale designed for weighing motortruck loads. In the past Installed Is Most of the commercial Sudan grass seed Is produced in Texas, Oklahoma and Kansas, but western Missouri and eastern Colorado and New Mexico also produce more see than Is needed for local consumption It has seen many noble deeds done, and it has seen progress in many departments of life. The passing of another year must emphasize to every thoughtful person the swift flight of time. Looking backward over the past years of our life they seem to shrink to the size of beads strung around a childs neck. Seeking an image of mans career, the prophet sees his days swifter than a weavers shuttle ; his years swifter than an arrow, curving as it rises to Its fall. What is mans life? he asks. It Is a cloud dissolving In the sunshine. It is a summer brook swollen by sudden rains, but soon running out and leaving the stones bare again. It Is a tale that Is soon told. These last days of the old year urge us to husband well the time that Is still given us.. To a shrub a year means only a leaf ; to the vine, a cluster; to the tree, a new ring of wood. But to a man a year means a large portion of his life which has been used or wasted. Youth often unthinkingly throws all responsibilities on the years to come. To him everything seems possible in the future. Then ha thinks to have time for education. Then he will practice economy and thrift let the present be prodigal as it may. The morrow will suffice for the forming of habits and the building of character. So dazzled by the future the youth allows the yehrs to slip through his bands, and the result is a man who Is an Intellectual Infant and a moral feeblipg. As you pause now and think over the past you .must realize that the morrow holds no harvests which the laborers called yesterdays did not sow and cultivate. There was an ancient custom of putting an hourglass into the cofflii of the dead to; signify that their time bad run out a useless notification to them. Better put the hourglass into the hand of every living man to show him bow swiftly the sands of life do flow. But, after all, time Is of value only as we make the best use of It. God. The- - New Year bells will soon be ringing. Do not fall to make some personal preparations for Its coming. Make resolutions for the future on, the basis of your experience of the past Every heart J knows Its own Be needs, and its own weaknesses. not discouraged by past failures, but pray to God earnestly to help to future successes. Take this New Year as a holy gift from a gracious Father and begin to live it carefully and prayerfully. Do not strive to carry the burdens of future months, but live each day as- if It were the last and the best In spite of all the Ills which We Uve In deeds, not years; In thoughts, we see In the world today, let us benot breaths; lieve' that the New Year will be a In feelings, not In figures on a dial. blessed year to all mankind, and let We should count time by He most lives each one of us do our uttermost to Who thinks most, feels the noblest, acts make It so. May God look upon us the best all In njercy, and may He let this The old year may hold our many New Year failures, many disappointments, many bitter regrets. The New Year holds Bing out old shapes of foul disease, out to us hope and promise, for my Bing out the narrowing lust of gold; Bing out the thousand wars of old, times are In Thy hand, O Lord. It Bing In the thousand years of peace. when we think of us should comfort Jie brevity of our years, to realize by contrast the length of Gods years. We have but a t short time to work, and It Is well to remember that In tl?r tmu grar br a grar order that we may be dilllgent But of frrr&ntn from Bin. a God has a whole eternity In which grar of amtirr, a grar to work, and It Is well' to remember tn (Bob, and it mill trust of that also, so that we may cease from a br Ipggg grar from first fretfulness and Impatience at the slow tolast - us. Jtmag brtbrbardrBt of Hts kingdom among.progress grar tor fiavr known. but it Jesus Christ has not ceased from His . mill br ttjr Ijaggtrot redemption of the world, nor has God 3. f&- - Snrklrg, B. 0. been defeated In His plans for for the times of men and , rp in His hand. heart-throb- PRODUCE SUDAN GRASS SEED Most of Commercial Product Grown in Stated of Texas, Oklahoma and Kansas. SAD Gods numberless blessings; May Market-i-Cooii- ng Times are in Tby hand. Psalm $1:16. and solemn are the last hours the dying year. Only a few ago a New Year was given unto us, fresh and pure from Gods great storehouse of time. It has spent its life upon the earth, and its footprints will never be effaced. The departing year has brodght to us My PREPARING POULTRY Dry-Picki- by REV. STEPHEN PAULSON For most of ns the memory of the past is a chamber of discontent Let therefore the old year bury from sight Its story of sin and Sorrow and failure. Let there be sincere repentance for the follies of the past and then let a new man step forth to meet with hope and determination the glad New Year which God desires shall be a blessed year for every child of earth. When God forgives, He forgives utterly. He casts mans sins -- Into the depths of the sea. Why then should memory thrust Its booked pole Into the sea to dredge the bottom and bring up by the locks some pale memory which God has plunged Into the ocean of forgetfulness? Man's life Is not In the past, but In the days to come, for our times are In His hand. And how many of us are waiting for the opportunities of thq coming year? With how many' of us Is It the unuttered hope that tomorrow may be free from the sins and the mistakes of yesterday? I pray God that for you It may be so, Your times are In His hand, and let your Father shape the new yeaT for you; let Him rule it, and strive with the help of the Spirit to walk the way of His the commandments. Forgetting things that are behind, let us press on for the prize of the high calling In Christ Jesus. The passing year also must remind us that there will come a last year for each one of ns. Perhaps this coming year Is yonr lasL Are you therefore ready to' see the curtain rise upon .re you now ready to hear eternity? the midnight cry, and to enter into the marriage supper of the Kings Son? Our times are in Gods hand, and no man knoweth what day or hour he may be called from his labor. Though' we Uve to be counted among the oldest Inhabitants we must depart at last Others have gone before us and are going every day, and yet we seem so eager to forget our oyn mortality., Nay, let us rather look forward with anticipation, believing that God will then give us a New Year which shall be without sin and tears and sorrow and pain, where love shall rule, and where happiness shall be complete In the fullest service to our Our !: Superstitious Vein Encircling Wreath of Fancy Bedecks New Years Day ( PLANS OUTLINED FOR . - s. fj since the dawn of time the of New Years flay been said to foretell the luck of the coming months. For there is a vein of superstition in the human race, and all of us share in its delusions. There Is no day in the year without its encircling wreath of fancy ; this first day of them all Is wondrous-l- y Not even Christmas Is bedecked. so ancient, and so world renowned, and It stands first In the folklore of On New Years day every language. In ancient Egypt, when as yet the pyramids were unbuilt, there were grand processions and smoking sacIn Sparta It was celebrated rifices. by the consecration of youths to military service. Among the Saxons and old Germans were great rejoicings, feastings and carousings on this day. and the wassail bowl passed merrily around. This was a great vessel filled with ale, sugar, fruits, nutmeg and spices. There was enough for the whole community and the great bowl ran freely all day. ' In all countries there have been cbarms and devotions peculiar to the opening year, for a desire to peer into the future Is really common to us all, no matter how we affect to deride the Idea. The Bible charm was one familiar to our grandfathers, and was nsed by religious people even down to the present generation. It is solemn and interesting, and well worth recording. When the clock strikes 12 on New Years eve, pick up your Bible and open it at random, and walking backward to a table, lay the book down, face open, upon It Turn around three times, take up the book, read the verse upon which your thumb falls. It will tel! your fate for the coming year. For instance, If it should be: And He will love thee and bless thee and multiply thee, or "If I take the wings of the morning and dwell in The uttermost parts ot the earth, we expect a very pleasant year. But conceive the horror of one who should open to these words : "So be died, and was gathered to his fathers," or In hel! he lifted up his eyes, being in tor- EVER ' ment. . In Switzerland the maiden borrows her mothers wedding ring, tjes It with a balr from her own bead, then suspends it Just over the rim of a teacup, all the while counting rapidly the years of her own age. Of course the hair-hun-g ring trembles and knocks against the cup, and each little tap counts one year beforfe she will wed; so she must count very fast, or be shocked at the number of taps. In Norway the kind of fish caught on the day foretells "fishermans luck for the coming year. In .rural New England almost every locality has some special charm of fortune-tellin- g of its own for this day of fate. The Chinese have rnsed cards for thou, the queerest thing sands of years.-anIn the world Is a Chinese New Year's card. It gives all the complimentary titles of the owner, and Is almost as large' as a wall map. In olden times It was the custom for tenants to give New Years gifts to their landlords, and every loyal subject owed a gift We read how, good to his sovereign. Queen Elizabeth was snch n favorite that her gifts were marvels of taste and extravagance. In our country we give presents on Christmas duv, ,hnt tn .France they aye reserved for thr first of he vear. vantage. A chance to compare grout and asphalt fillers for' both brick and stone block Is furnished by this investigation.' Likewise the relative wearing qualities of concrete when mixed various kinds of coarse aggregates is Indicated. The investigation of subgrade materials, started a few months ago with the of the district engineers and state engineers, is proceeding at a very satisfactory rate. A 'number of samples have been received from various parts of the country and laboratory analyses of many of tjese samples are partially comThe methods being used by pleted. the division of tests will shortly be published as a paper so that any other laboratories wishing to conduct similar investigations may have some guide as to the method of procedure being followed by the bureau of public roads. v The samples analyzed have been taken from parts of the roads that have failed Very badly as well as from adjacent parts of the same roads that have withstood heavy traffic success- fully. It is hoped that by a comparison of the laboratory results on these samples with the reported behavior of the road in service differences In the subgrade materials will become apparent so that we will be able to say what physical characteristics soils must possess to give them high bearing value. BENEFITS FROM ROAD DRAGS Projections Are Scraped Off Roadway and Low Places Filled In, Thu Turning Water. The gradefr road can be kept in the best condition with the least labor by using the road drag. The road drag scrapes off the projections and fills up the low places, thus leaving no places for water to stand, which is what causes the road bed to soften and be cut into ruts. A persistent use of the road drag will keep the road bed well crowned, smooth and hard, and this will also result In the least dust, as the dust comes Jaree-l- y from the grinding up of the ruts and rough places left by the horses feet. Extension Division, North Dakota Agricultural College. . PROPER LOCATION FOR ROAD Among Other Things Consider Easy Grades, Good Drainage and Elimination of Culverts. - Some of the things- to be considered In locating a road are easy grades, good drainage, exposure to sunshine, elimination of culverts and bridges by avoiding unnecessary creek crossings. ' directness and the number of farms to be served for a given length of road. Whenever possible to avoid It, a good location should not be rejected merely because a certain roadway has been In use for some time. If the location of ' a psed roaii is bad it should be If possible. In relocating changed roads avoid railrcud crossings ai grade. Increase tn Kansas Roads. There wil) be a great increase In the number of hard surfaced roads In Kansas In the next three years. Roads Must Be Rebuilt The roads of a few years ago, that were thought td be sufficient to meet the traffic requirements, todgy with our modern system of transportation are giving away and must be rebuilt. Doctor Has Better Chance. The doctor has a better chance to save lives if good roads shorten the distance from office to farm. First Use of Asphalt Asphalt was first used in Paris aa a road material 50 years ago. |