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Show 5 '- 'J SUNDAY HERALD, SUNDAY, AUGUST; 1, 1926 PACT TOUR : ! '7 - - . i Remarkable Competition Between American Ditclies Brings American Victory Near 1 By A "TT and-Briris- A ".a tit ii ' (JJMfJL'U- I s : - JUD80N C.WELLIVER LTHOUOa - Attracting mtM sigh - BO etteatlon In this country, k eurtrni and Anglo-Americ- hu been which join fin fnr several years, eeenur likely to reach tu cllmai ta 1929. It Is competition between the Pan- ama and Bues Canala, tor leadershlp- competition 0 .thi la ocn tonnaii traaMtel-jpa-, routet. ft 'is toe reat marltlme-trad- e earlv - now- - for- - mora than a - cusss which Canal will win, bul indications point m a victory tor we Junancaa vv, ' : route. . :. It Mia event Justifies this expect' tkm. tt will prattj definitely establish the primacy of Panama. . In doing o . tt.!'inaTaifavrtnBr'irltlc)r'' ara wottl4liave;xBeea ,ta . ., tcouted age at utterly toljdsslble; audit, will give. Impressive testimony tojtha astonishing Increass ot American Importance In ocean trade end interna- tioual commerce. "' .In a faablon. It it competttlon b- WorlL-- 4 twoan - x4d World - and-- ii WTi&tber premiership shall pass during 1926 to Panama or not. It Is now ro'uita apparent that Panama la des ttflet! to be Urat, and proUably peranti-neatlfirst, of the two Canals. Attainment of that rank will have far more significance than is carried on the face of mere'toonage figures. 'To peov pie concerned with the deeper it will be a new evidence that Industrial leadership Is passing from Europe to fforth America. . It Is pow nearly four years since the race between the two' Canals became jso close that the nltl-- ' ' mate leadership of Panama was fore shadowed. In 1922 Sum passed .1345 CUEBRA CUR1N .. -- Ai y. - PS- - J ,) BIl "Si" W slgnfl-cation- k nl.lil.,illi,llr t - ..a i,., wan. "vr . ,r V; V, .N J t-TT- i. i ?tx transited 21.S61.00O torn of argo, CONTRAST WITf fanama only 13.710,000 tons. Despite ENGINEER.! the long lead for Sues, this was a "SUEZ i magnificent showing for the American route, considering that Euea waa opened Jn 1869, ' and Panama only in 1914. . .' Tet In the" very next .year, 1923, the Taca waa on, and Panama actually jumped Into leadership. It transited 6,037 vessels against 4.621 for Suei; Ita cargo tonnage waa 25.160.000. against 22,777,000 for Sues. - In 1924 Sues did better. It handfed slightly more vessels than did Panama, but Panama caigu tunuaga, havlu g? I 2594,710 tons against 25,529,000 tor Sues. J4 A Race k JTlnaI..ilgnra on . thaemptltloa 36 are not yet at hand. Panama suffered a drop of over 8,000.000 tons; compared to 1924, While It 1$ believed final figures wllLindlcata that Suez showed a small gain. The two routea thus entered 1926 running very close, and reports for the early month; of the year Indicate that Panama la likely to 'recoup Its losses and. resume the lead. Whether" or not "thlssfiairbe" accomplished In 1926.lt la apparent that in the normal course the American route will ahortly establlBb a . -- Drettv definite leaderahln good year 1926 finds himself interested Of Intense! eniC mnrlnrn . iimior.ki ... ...v . - niinj.Kl.i.ihi. thla Ja i ' loss ft 1919; then .the bns.lnoss entered tta real ra of expansloa, and the race has beea on ' ever since For 1925 Sues handled bandied 26,678,000 tons, of cargo;-Panama ").' OLDER- vuuij'dir tton, wttlta atlll more Intrigued lf'he win fainil-- " larlze himself aomewhat with its background in THAN ANY history. The conception of a Panama Canal is as CITY IN old aa the discovery of the Isthmus Balboa UNITED by four centuries ago. But even at that, the CTATFC Ib, by comparison with Suez, the child of strictly modern Umoa. For the first Suez Canal was actually built at least 3.00C years befora Cortes, from,hla:'Peak In Darien " surveyed the Pacific. A Canal connecting tn'e Red Sea wtt&-t- he Mediterranean. by way or the Nile, was actually in operation as early as C 1380; how long before that date 4t Jiad been constructed. Is mereconJefr rWreTBelore 'the Christian era be gan the ditch had been buff destroyed, rebuilt, silted np and built up again, time after time. HTien Alexander the Great conquered a.gypt the canal was ono of the old st and most famous of englneeriftg works; it had been there mora than a thousand years I " ' " ' tone. "Noilly J3,96S,0O Panaira Lead i -- vs. The yearia2t wtllpretty certainly, tea ,7 another Panama Increase, while Suet la ei-- ' pected to confront a losa-- Although both Canals are open on equal .. terms 'o shipping of all nations, tt Is Inter- - eating that Brlitab vessels constltnte tba SUEZ - IN CONTRAST TO majority o those using Sues (65.8), while - American vessels, are 54.5 of those using PANAMA tS A' 6IMPLE 6EA -- ataliatloa for th two - Panama TrafficUEVSL OITC- H; Canals are not- precisely com parahle. Naval vessels are counted. In the Bties statlstlca. trat1 not in those of. Panama: while at Panama' other vessels are counted from 20 tons upward, but at Suez vessels under 100 tons are : ' ;. ; emitted 'from th atatlatlca -while ta of 2) nations the Suet, route, 1924. ceT sbipa srFor nations were represented b the maritime caravan at Panama, f i ' War unexpected factor Jin bringing Panama so quickly to equality with Sues, nor the most . I .important i The. enormous Ineraaj-o- In , Panama traffic In 192J almosr enttrfely Tiy petrol Aim": and Its produetS. "? wasfepresenTed moving from California (o tbr east coast and Europe. In tbe year endeff June 30, 1924. tolls aggregating $24,290,000; were ' collected, of which 19,071,000 was from1 tanlters carrying' petro-- ' e An even mora atrlking statement matter. Is that leuro. All of 60 this same year exactly. lo tonnage through the Canal was between the two ocean fronts ot the United States; that 17" ilEOO OWJ tone: and. of this, considerably over 9,000.000 tons or was petroleum. U waa -- of course chtefly more than 1926 WljrSe -- '."'iH.fr.'.yvya. . .. , :. 4 sw J ' a r . the-onl- y waa-no- of-th- " two-third- a socceeaing OnlXalJlcirjiia, year.thls petroleum ,movetnent fell olr heayiljcj eat f,MTl926 1 1a -- 6ATUN ' tQCKS r---- 4 3 ''$&:(A"J- ..' - vi r"--:-A?- " 6ATVH LAnCk- - .."L ES3KS3S33S3SS3 showa fQf . many t iemt every jrear of lu oner- - en the rigbit aide of tha "ledger and likely io to-- wherearit . In But for the years -- business haa been.in other'wdya alradtageena to HIM 011 fuel ships seek routes on which they can moat cbeapljr 6uy;oU; and because California oil can be nut ao cheaply Into the bgnkeTS of eesseld pass part of lta length lylng 85 taet above lea level, to that most ot la- - 'substantial 4nducemenl t prefer tthit ing through, the Panama-dHch,-tla "artificial treat an to" ocean through the distance from ocean - Thia Will Increasingly favor Panama and tallltate egafost 8nei,rasi the ' rpute " water lake. number 9f oil bnnera Increases. Moreover, Panama's advantage will sUll fupther When Roosevelt started building at Panama, neither be nor as "yie enormous oil resource of Venezuela, Colombia, and other Sou.th increase any other prophet of optimism would have dared suggest that -will taake Panama the keyjo the J7 within lta first decade the Canal would earn a profit Its chief "" American'wn trie's, are developed, Cheap .till Jk.. , world of routes ; ,f the "TT-.national and jrade defence, preferred tstabthe justification concerned the " " " HHMilBBBSBSBaBHBBBBBBnBiMBBBSBBBIBBBBBBaiHgHBr Great Service of Panama to America and the World ; TUshment ofv competition with tha transcontinental" railroads. ' SPILWWAYAT 6ATUN OAM -- THE SAFETY VALVE OF,. 6 AT UN LAKE v i If cheap petroleum haa thus served Panama ao well. Panamt Id turn: hat Capal wa approaching completion,- ao" well ,.. Even when the Admiral'-RobleX). Bvana. aet forth elaborate v " served tht American motorist, who Consume most of the world't peUrc aa With the decadence ot Egypt the ancient Canal was abandoned and burled equally, thelata authority tn ender desert sand. .But tt waa so well preserved that de Leasepa, the French ret that,not for many years if ever would the Canal pay, xet loaay . leum products. For Panama har brought pacific Coast petroleum to the eastern market at coats which, but for the anai. would be vastly greater.. 4 Thae the engineer who constructed the modern Sues Canal, found the older ditch. . He Interest on Its cost, covers ell operating charges, and turns back a con Canal haa given tha United States the cheapest petroleum product In the world, siderable annual surplus to the Federal Treasury. Jlscovered,fthat tt had been so well engineered that he was actually able t6 follow nd be' directed ty 1U route. In bunding The World War had much to do' with putting Panama to suddenly on tht map. Ireeh water Canal that parallela the and helped build tha automobile Industry and our modern highway aystan. 4 r . . ' tea route of Sueiv Both the War and the Canal opened In Adgust, 1914.1 The Canal, waa closed for This. mutually helplful relationship between the Canal and the petrotenm i- en ". a considerable time In 1SU becaoseflf lanasiidcs In the Culebra Cut. But, landslides Modern Suei Canal a Napoleenlo Project ' - - users Is the more impressive when one realises' that It waa rametall than-6ue" was " because better Panama The modern Idea ot a Canal at Suei seems to have originated with Napoleon. or no landslides, shipmasters discovered that Cknal-Bk tar ted bulldlni the the" Aoosvelf President time at late, ' anticipated " other-visconsiderable When tn Egypt in 1798 he went so tar as to have turveys made for of German Submarines in the Medlterransan. So a tonnage that Thua it Admiral Event wrote Jhla Jtfttclea jiboox ihe. Canal, and 44- when M indeed, l?10, ed would have gone by way of Sues waa turned to Panama. , earn about, that French vision and engineering genius were o intimately 4 aecluedinai ll couw noi ue yrouuuit iur aoiwu unnuci mi mxuii, urn iiuw eu With .both Sties and Panama, M. de Lesseps financed and oenstrncted.the World War Served to Turn Business to Panama a th. calottMUont on ttte pfoMMt) eo oi ooai. tor Dttnerug, snips, ue aia not r ttla k.u'WA American loduat thm th modern ,Suei, which, .iwi;.tinB.r tlonal celebration. ATeatJaterna ppenedJnlS6Sv that' tneTchant marlnea were on the Terse: ot, As retolntionary chaage Northdream Lnffiber from the Jf Panama. Th Empreea Eugenie of France was a passenger on the first vesael through lu which. aonght Paclflo,! waf creates ' tht far ''Nartiiwnat and California, fonbd at thit Tsthmns the.aulck and ' from coal to OIL So le figured that, as there la practdoally no tfunVer coal la the het Later, ide Leaseps organized the French Panama Canal Company which sunk an eaormoiiB rnvestinmiSTume6rt;i6dlg" the IgRcaihaIIjtojMBvait looE sama, tor i'greauy Increased a&ar.or snijpins. "Tne ou aeveiopmsnt orei I tha'old Preach Panama Company "ovtftha Wik Vastly ItjreT1Sii',hey)W6'tUaTuwiri Otheta who htd toreseen thaU Evans;, eid of ft was generaHy assumed that when the war ended, a goo4 ahar et this iraSo 4 iarned tk pilbuecies,ol 100,00,000," whereas Snai cost abottt that sum. Bat Suei ie. a staple, " wonld daaart Panama.- - But again tht prophett were mfounded. f to. tne last if' ; ditch acroaj a tandy plain; while Panama to lock canal, tha creatg fhlt Jnttea4 01 riTUZ losmf investment lot joe Jencatt peppie, year. PmimyiM:..y4 4 tmtil .... f ' y N , nt s li e p -- Itew-Hraff- le - . h sea-lev- hre atit wlth' fu The enormous petrolenm . bso--dat- y'ii f. to continue trrmmaOrorailffinrlnrea ' V PEET-T- O 51? b .t.CTwMJay: yrt03Jia.M - e-- o |