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Show GheBoihytfterala [ee Monday, October 24, 1977, THE HERAL Henry J. Tayior Not Wealthy Enough to Pay rovo, Utah—Page 15 It's Veterans Day, But... Today marks the final observance of Veterans Day on the fourth Monday in October generally have been passive on the “fourth Mondayof October.” But it is only a token commemoration. Almost from the time Congress enacted a new alignment of holidays in 1968, veterans protested the switch from the storied “lith hourof the llth day of the 11th month.” Meantime, national legislation reiurning the date to Nov. 11 effective next year was approved by Congress in 1976 and signed by President Gerald Ford. i Indeed, Nov. 11, date of the World War I armistice, — commemorated many years before Congress changedthe nameofthe annual observance to Veterans Day — has continued to be marked by veteransofthis state through the years, Today, the flags are out, in keeping with the last national observance of Veterans Day in October. But Nov. 11 will be the big day again this year insofar as veterans programs are concerned. Robert A. Ogle, chairman of the Provo Veterans Council, reports that this will be the case here, as it has been in other years. Utah and Hawaii are the only states which actually lave not moved through their legislatures to re-establish the commemoration on Nov. 11, according to a UPI dispatch. Pressure from veterans organization brought the action across the country. While Utah’s veterans weren’t able to bring about the switch, they Veterans Day — on whatever date observed — is a time to honor the men and women who have served their country in wartime — deserved recognition for their role in the cause of preserving the principles of freedom, justice, and democracy which America has cherished through the years. For Past Wars This is Veterans’ Day, Godbless them Our great country has nearly 22 million veterans of all our wars The University of Illinois’ res; Bureau of Economic Research sta {1 wars have cost us tore than all t our people have been able to accum throughout our entire history since Declaration of Independencein 1776 The Bureau estimates that our wars cost at least $675 billion All the farms factories, shops, storvs, railroads utilities and other property in the United States is valuedat less than our wars have cost us The Veterans’ Bureau has reporied that it was still paying a pension to a descendant of a veteran of the War of 1812 which ended 155 years ago. In fact, we havenot yet stop: ped paying for the War Betweenthe States which ended 113 years ago. Payments to and expenses for veterans of the War Between the States exceeded all costs in the war years. In World War I the average cost of in- flicting one casualty on the enemy— killing one enemy — was$21,000. In World War Il the cost was $75,000. We were in that war1,347 days. I have inquired at the Department of Defense regarding its military cost, the military cost alone. The Defense Department estimates $330 billion. This is about 250. mil lion — a quarterof a billion — a day 1 also asked the Veterans’ Bureau to estimate when payments to veterans would finish. The answer was between the years 2080 and 2100 in the next century — 133 years from now In simpletruth, none of our wars has even approached the costof its aftermath, to say In Washington nothing of the ghastly deaths on the bat- Professionals at Work A frequent complaint of the er is that they often arrest a awbreaker for a crime, only to have the case thrown outof court for one reason or another. The complaintis backed up by a So They Say “T alwaysfeelit is best for the majority leader to stay in the backgroundunlessit is necessary for him to move forward.” —Senate majority leader Robert Byrd, whois blamed by the Carter administration for not pushing hard enough for Senate approval of the President’s energy bill. “Jf preferential treatment is given only to blacks and Hispanics and women you're asking for problems. You're asking for polarization. You're askingforindividual persons to pay for the sins of a system that excluded Jews and Italians as well as blacks and Hispanics.” —Paul J. Asciolla, director of the Italian-American Foundation. government- financed study. Examining police records in Washington, D.C., the Institute for Law and Social Research found that fewer than 30 per cent of the arrests for serious crime in that city in 1974 led to convictions. Studies in otherlarge cities have produced similarfindings, it says. At the same time, however, the researchersdiscovered that some cops consistently scored high in making arrests that stuck. Specifically, of the 2,418 Washingtonofficers who made arrests in 1974, only 15 per cent of them made half of the arrests which resulted in convictions. The institute doesn’t know why a few officers produce mostof the convictable arrests, but suggests that police departments might want to reward those who do with more rapid promotion, bonus pay or special recognition, and thereby encourageall officers to “look beyondarrest.’” It probably can be summed up in one word: professionalism. William F. Buckley The Classified Bureaucracy By MARTHA ANGLE and ROBERT WALTERS (First of Two Related Columns) WASHINGTON—(NEA)— The estimates are mind- boggling: More than 20 million classified documents on file at the Defense Department, another 35 million at the State Department and a phenomenal470 million pages of classified material in the National Archives. At least 50,000 employes of the federal government are authorized the affix classification stamps to written materials. Another 300,000 hold a “top secret’’ security clearance, entitling them to access to papers in that category. The subject is a pertinent one because the White House, for the fifth time in less than 30 years,is struggling to bring someorder andrationality to the system that determines what the American people shall be allowed to learn of their government's decisions. The draft of a proposed executive order now is circulating throughoutthiscity. The White House hopesto issue thefinal, official order in late November, after receiving comments from the public this month The fact that such comments are being solicited is unprecedented. The pattern of the past called for the White House to consult only tion of secrecy, then to present the public with a fait accompli This time, however, President Carter's staff is actively seeking comments from in- dividuals and organizations which have been outspokenly critical of excessive secrecy, including members of Congress, the American Civil Liberties Union and the Center for National Security Studies, Although the proposed order perpetuates some of the in- adequacies and inequities of the past, it also offers a number of significant improvements. Thereis, for example, a noteworthy effort to build a “floor’’ ad “ceiling” on securityclassifications. Dozens of departments and agencies which seldom deal with national security matters and thus cannot often justify theuseofofficial designations have nevertheless managed to shield from the public millions of sheets of -paper through the use of extra-legal classifications such as “for official use only’ and “‘limited official use.” The proposed execulive order specifically forbids future use of those unauthorized categories. If a document cannot meet the specific standards for the three official security classifications—“‘top secret,’ most interested in the “*secret’’ an “confidential”’—it cannot be classified atall At the top ofthe classifica- perpetuation and maximiza- tion system, the problem is with the government officials far more complex. There are literally hundreds of ‘‘special intelligence’’ categories designed to compartmentalize Classified information and limitits distribution to those with the oft-cited “need to know.” At the State Department there are NODIS, EXDIS, LIMDIS AND NOFORN, acronyms for no distribution, exclusive distribution, limited distribution and no foreign distribution. Al the Defense Department, SIOP refers to the Single Integrated Operational Plan for retaliation against a military attack from another nation. There also are COSMIC, UMBRA, ZARF, RUFF, TRINE, DINAR and HARUM, each stamped on different sets of documents available for inspection only by those holding that specific security clearance. The proposed executive order doesn't eliminate those “special access programs.” but it does place new restrictions on them: Authorization must come directly from the head of the department or agency and if not renewed they automatically expire at the end of three years. There’s much more which should be done, but the White House is battling against a well-entrenched bureaucracy. “We could put out an executive order and tape it on everyone's forehead," says one presidential aide. ‘‘But that wouldn't change the reality of the situation.” Concorde-Time ’ It is welcome newsthat the Concordewill be allowed to try out its run to New York City. If it had been otherwise, resentment would havelingered, and the French and the lish would have gone to their graves believing the United States, pleading ecological vanity, euchred them outof an opportunity to show off and vindicate the most advanced transport plane in the world. In the end — as Mr. Ford's wise transportation secretary predicted — there could be no substitute for the empirical test. There are undoubtedly some of the most elaborate scientific instruments in the world that presumeto tell you whether the sound is just right or just wrong. The trouble with them — as, at another level they discovered at Lincoln Center — is that they simply do not duplicate the human ear and the human nervous system, and nobodyin Queensis going to know for sure just how objectionable(if at all) the Concorde is until it begins to fly in once or twice a day Butit isn’t by any means settled. For one thing there are the professionally civil disobedient: the kind of le who can be brought to church only if presented with an opportunity to stand up to make a scene against the neutron bomb. There are those “0 are determined to stop the traffic into Kennedy and interpose themselves against the courts. Most of these demonstrators are as I say, men and women in search of a cause. rs are sincerely concerned over the prospect of a noise-blight ruining or gravely influencing their lives What will happen is that after a week or so of Concorde ts, the latter group will either be pacified or, their premonitions will be confirmed by experience. In the latter event, there will be a generaloutcry against the Concorde andit will be doomed. If all we have left however,after a couple of weeks, are the professional Pe led i a ‘andstanding Governor Carey, they will diseae likethoee who ee to stop the traffic on the wayto the World's Fair in 1964 during the last The wisecrack in Ew winter is that the British - French consortium could have wangled reipieg ie the ing @ the simple device Concorde ~ Ferree 2h) Concorde to Bd Al But there is Roscoe Drummond a perfectly simple way ww suuve against Concorde, and it very nearly happened a couple of months ago when nobody waslooking. It wasin the Senate, where an amendment ago, and try to resurrect an efficient model It is not likely, then, to be a long ordeal for the people in the area of Kennedy airport, one way or another that it may take time for blacks to win equal opportunity in many aspects of life But the evidence is now abun: dant that it takeslittle time for blacks to exert their full cee in poftics The final report of the Joint Centerfor Political Studies on “The Black Vote: Election “76° underlines how signifi cant a role blacks can play in elect'ng officials at the national and state level It is noteworthy that the black voter turnout for the last presidential election was 64.1 percent, In the South the black turnout rate ranged from 48 percent in Texas to 76 percent in Virginia. In the Norta the range was 5 per cent in Michigan to 85 percent in Wisconsin. In many states the black turnout was greater than the white Blacks in Jimmy Carter's native Georgia gave him 96.3 rcent of their votes. The jowest black support for Carter was in Kentucky and Ohio wherehe still got 80 per cent The powerful impact of the black vote is most strikingly illustrated in the Electoral College and this appears to be one reason that blacks leaders oppose abolishing the Electoral system. The Joint The sad dust of these men can be called sacred — deep among the neverto be forgotten. The world patriotis derived from the ancient Greek word “patriotes."’ Webster's dictionary defines patriotism as meaning one wholoves his country and guardsits welfare. It means to stand up for ourcountry. And if we Americans do not do so, who else will? “Patriotism,” said the late great Adlai Stevenson when challengedto define it in the contest of our times, “‘is not a short, frenzied outburst of emotion. Patriotism is a steady dedication of a lifetime. It is a mighty achievement.” America’s patriotic societies — the Sons of the Cincinnati, founded by General George Washington, the Veterans of Foreign Wars, the Loyal Legion, the American Legion, ete — stimulate this great objective. Join them and help keep our country strong. Our patriotic societies are havinga difficult time and need your allegiance For a nation may be wel! armed, but its real defenseisits innerspirit. It lives on this inner spirit, not on factories, warehouses, tailroads, ports, etc. Aggressors seek their prey among the spiritually weak and the craven, not among the valiant whoare ready, willing and able to face the bully. Voltaire saw history as ‘‘satin slippers descending the stairs ; heavy boots marching up them.” It is an everlasting story of the great aggressors and the balance of power while more- satisfied nations are on the road to ruin. American search for peace remains everlasting. Humanity cries out for peace. It is the cry of decency and ope and comes from the deepest heart and soul of our mighty nations Butin this century our country has armed for war four times. The horror and heartbreak of war has hada partin thelife of nearly every adult American Wepray on Veteran's Day and every day that the rolls of our heroic dead will not grow longer. Copyright, 1977, United Feature Syndicate Inc. Man's capacity to make himself miserable Power of Black Vote POWER OF THE black vote, The three major areasof American society wherein blacks for years have experienced discrimination are education, employment and politics. It is understandable their bodies home from across many seas. Barbs to a revenue bill was being considered. Senator Kennedy, who appeared consecreated to the cause of preventing any other Americans from sopraany of the privileges he grew up with, short only of renouncing those privileges himself, moved to declare that first class airplane fares should not be deductible as business expenses. Since there are about 16 people in the United States both rich and profligate enough to spend their own money atthe Concorde rate in orderto save an extra three hours’ flying time, this would reduce the demand for the Concorde to zero. It occurred to the Senate, however, that the proposed exclusion would operate equally to undermine all first class travel in the United States, most of which is as a business expense. Even some senators who are highly populist in their public rhetoric rose to protest this. By a vote of only two members the measure wasdefeated, and first-class air travel continues to be deductible where authorized by a corporation. But for those who seek strawsin the wind, did you notice what the British intend to do? Reduce theirflights to Washington pari assy as they ctsiyeh flights into New York You see, the British and the French want to fly the Concorde because wantto showit off, But it is an economic Every time theyfly the po r thing, even if they were as crowded and uncomfortable as the ascetic Senator Kennedy would desire it to be — it would still lose money. In recent years the French allowed the wholeoftheir transatlantic passenger line to sink without a trace in order to save little money. A few years from now, Concorde flights will probably be rarities, possibly they will not exist. Or — the onlyviable alternative to abandoning supersonic passenger flights — the boys will go back and dust off the mode! we buried in a Luddite seizure of a few years tlefield. Our heroic dead lie at Concord and Lexington, on the banks cf Lake Champlain, at Manassasand the mountainsof Tennessee, at the crest of San Juan Hill, in Flanders Fields where the poppies blow, throughout the world in World War II, the bleak, high ridges of Korea and in the paddy fields of Vietnam. And loving hands have brought Center's report shows that the black vote provided the margin of Carter's narrow victoryin 13 states: Alabama, Florida, Louisiana, Maryland, Mississippi, Missouri, New York, North Carolina, Ohio, Pennsylvania, South Carolina Texas and Wisconsin The combined electoral vote in these 13 states was 216 only 54 short of the 270 elec: toral votes needed to win. DEATH PENALTY states increasing, capital punish: ment declining. When Gary Gilmore faced a Utah firing squad last January, many Test Your Knowledge is infinite—consider his invention of the game of bridge. Anold-timer is anyone whocan recall when penal authorities predicted that executions would increase rapidly. They haven't Far fewer convicts are on death row today despite the Supreme Court ruling which allowed Utah to execute Gilmore While rejecting the argu- ment that the death penalty is always ‘cruel and unusual punishment,” the investigative reporting was called snooping I haven't made a determination, you can't decide, he can't make up his mind. Saving for a rainy day might be UK —but we happen to live in monsoon country Considering the skeletons in the closet, it's Halloween all year at our house Berry's World Court restricted the right of states to make death mandatory in certain crimes. Eighteen states which had a mandatory death penalty have now passed new legislation to make sure that each sentence fits the crime. Most now require a second trial to decide if the sentence should be life im: prisonment or death Many states have chosen to BY WORLD ALMANAC 1. The largesi stale in area east of the Mississippi River is (a) Georgia (b) Penn sylvania (c) Illinois 2. Yulan Bataris (a) a Korean revolutionary (b) a bone in the humanbody (c) the capital of Mongolia 3. "The Jazz Singer,’* in 1927, was the first motion picture with talking sequences. What was the first all-talking mo: tion picture” ANSWERS 8261 YIOA MQ JO SIYRVT PUL. £ (9) °2 Sapauenbs gpz’o¢ (9 pue sajru auenbs gge'pe (q) SA Sajrur asenbs gyo'gs (8) 1 commute death sentences to life terms. A LITTLEBITof good news ‘on crime. Serious crimein the U.S, increased less than one percent during the last 12 months, During the first three months of 1977 serious crime declined by nine percent An analysis by the FBI of the weapons used in violent crimes during 1976 showed that 64 percentofall murders, 24 percent of all aggravated assaults and 43 percent of all robberies were committed with firearms Murder offenses decreased eight percent from 1975 to 1976 and 49 percent of these murder offenses were com mitted with handguns. (c) 1977, Los Angeles Times. “ q ‘ <mBim, “You're kidding’ YOU want to join Carter's Friendship Force and spread and goodwill abroa "He |