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Show THE PROGRESSIVE OPINION Nation's Railroads Move 50,000 Troops Each Day Special Surveys Decrease Cross Hauling; Developments Abroad May Force Unexpected Shifting of Troops. By BAUKHAGE News Analyst and Commentator, ft Z i iWT 'tet i'M A-l- WNTJ Service, Union Trust Building Washington, D. C. Recently I had to make seven con-secutive week-en- d trips between Washington and New York I left Washington after a late Friday broadcast and had to return Monday for one at noon. Not once was I able to get reservations for the re-turn trip until at the last minute when some unused space was turned in. If I groused a little too loudly over this, it may have been because I didn't know then what I learned officially only the other day; name-ly, that "if the war department in-sisted in having all the Pullman equipment it could use, all the Pull-man cars of the country would be cari-yin- troops." In other words, if Johnny Dough-boy didn't step aside occasionally, we'd all use coaches or walk. Compromise The present arrangement is said to be a compromise in recognition of essential civilian needs. At presJ ent, a million and three-quart- sol-diers are being moved a month that is 50,000 a day in America's trains in official troop movements. This does not include the many men on leave. There are, of course, movements of whole divisions with full equip-ment but these are the exceptions. As you have probably noticed if you travel very much, there are usu-ally a few cars containing troops attached to your passenger train. This is the way most of the troops are transported in small groups of 250 or less. However, that is a considerable addition to the regular passenger traffic. It's said a soldier eats twice as much as he did in civilian life and that is one reason why food has to be rationed to civilians. But he travels a lot more 'in proportion to his normal civilian peregrinations. Many a mail saw his first big city when he reached London or Cairo or New Delhi. I know a pilot who dropped in at the airport here re-cently and had several hours wait-ove- r. When he was asked why he didn't cross the bridge and look the capital over, he said he'd never been in a big city and didn't want to get lost. The next thing heard from this particular was that he was in Calcutta. Average Number In the last war, the average num-ber of moves made by a soldier were three. Here is a list of typical moves he makes in this wr, drawn up by the Office of War Information: 1. To the induction center 2. To reception center 3. To replacement training cen-ter 4. To his particular branch of service 5. To big maneuvers 6. Return 7. To special training areas 8. To port of embarkation Special studies are made to cut down unnecessary cross-haulin- g but sudden developments abroad may force soldiers who are located near one port to be shifted to another far away. Or a special need for partic-ularized training may arise and that may force men to be doubled back to desert or mountain for the spe-cialized practice in snow or under a hot sun that new requirements make necessary. Maneuvers in the southeast and southwest, including the desert training areas of California, have sometimes required the moving in of as many as 300,000 men within a few weeks, equipment and all. Nat-urally, that disrupted a large part of passenger traffic for several weeks at a time. Unessential Travel Efforts are being made to " cut down extra passenger travel by dis-couraging conventions, trade shows, big sports contests and other gath-erings. One exception has been made, and that is the lecturer. Even the President saw fit to come out with a statement encouraging the continuation of the work of lecture bureaus. He expressed himself to Lowell Thomas, who traveled to Washington, on that subject the plea for a good word for the speak er. Thomas represented many peo-ple who do considerable public speaking. I know how difficult it is. I, myself, have been unable to ac-cept lecture dates because it is so difficult to be certain of connections and a broadcaster has to move with the regularity 'of a train schedule a train schedule in peace time the microphone waits for no man. There have been rumors of late that transportation was snagged; that because of the sup-plies were piling up on the docks and loaded freight cars were jam-ming the yards and causing con-gestion. But the Office of War In-formation says that latest advices indicate that congestion is being lessened. In fact, the official word is: "The battle of transportation . . . at a crisis at Pearl Harbor time ... is now being won." Nearing Limit I hope that this statement isn't As a matter of fact, the reservation is noted that "the victories are not necessarily perma-nent. Our transportation equipment, with few exceptions, is being used close to its limits" and there re-main two situations which are not satisfactory, one is movement of oil and the other is the problem of getting the war workers' to and from work. The latter difficulty is responsible, according to some investigators, for much of the recently decried ab-senteeism. To get an idea1 of what the traffic has to bear in a city where war in-dustries are concentrated, there has been an increase of use of the De-troit street railway systems of 76.9 per cent. The Baltimore transit line is up 90 per cent and the Washing-ton, 131 per cent. I know what these figures mean as does anyone who has to make his way to and from work in the capital. I have also seen that fabulous city of San Diego, once a pleasant, sleepy town which seemed to move lazily with the peli-cans that flew over the bay or the whispering palms. The pelicans have been replaced by planes and it's a town, with a 336 per cent increase in the use of its busses and trolley cars.. .. Diary of a Broadcaster Today I made it from bedside to desk in one hour and 18 minutes, including the time to make my own breakfast of coffee, poached eggs, grapefruit and zwieback (my wife is away) also to traverse on foot soma 13 Washington blocks. I think that this record is not had consider-ing the variety of activities included. I managed to hear the early newscast and scanned the headlines which told me whether the news wind was blowing in the same direction this morning that it was last night when the newspapers went to bed in other words, was I to plow fresh fields or harvest what I could from the old ones. I also removed the blanket that shields our three parakeets from northern drafts and waited for the welcoming chirrup that one, the least snobbish of the three, conde-scends to give me before I leave the room. As soon as I do, they all burst into song. Walking to work in Washington these days is like reviewing the armies of the United Nations for one can spot almost any uniform between Dupont Circle and Pennsyl-vania avenue. But it seems that the WAVES are in the preponder-ance. The WAACs are smart but the navy has a uniform that is a little bit .less drab than the olive. It is surprising how an elderly matron turns out in that navy as smart as a midshipman. Washington's springtime, one of its two beautiful seasons, is here in April gone in May. First, the burns with its yellow flame; then the magnolias blush and fade, and the dogwoods raise their sweet ghostliness among their darker sis-ters; then the cherry blossoms come and there are many of them scat-tered over the city as well as the better advertised ones along the la-goon. Soon they are followed by leaves on the oaks and the elms and the maples. Then backyards are brilliant with the rambler roses and you know that spring is done. 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KELLOGC'S is s delicious breakfast ce:: , that, unlike medic;: purges, doesn't work ci. on you but works p::., pally on the contents o: your colon. Try kellocc's ah-e- - eat as directed, see it :: doesn't help you, too! nrnfimrrii ' OFFICE EQUIPMENT WE BUT AND SELL Office Furniture, Files, Typewriters. Adding Machines, Safes. SALT LAKE DESK EXCHANGE 35 West Broadway, Salt Lake City, Utah LENSES DUPLICATED THE OPTICAL SHOP 914 Boston Bids., Salt Lake City Lenses duplicated. Wholesale prices. service. Mail in broken pieces. USED CARS TRAILERS USED CARS TRAILER COACHES Liberal Credit Terms JESSE M. CHASE Buy Sell Trade x STORES IN OGDEN, PROVO, SALT LAKE CITY, FOR SALE POULTRY WHITE LEGHORN SPECIALISTS 80 years production of superior chicks. A 100 pure top ranking strain. Order straight run, pullet or cockerel chicks. Write for folder, prices and early open dates. Graham Hatchery and Pullet Farm Wayward SitllSjt.. SNAPPY FAC.j Chewing gum and" wMwtir1" something in common. Tcev k " ii the products oi ::t The chicle latex, fiom whirn gum is made, has a hi rh and lowrubbercontent.nuLt;v:!v.a has the reverse chars e'er. Chicle and Castilloa rucne: are found in much the same America. Synth ette rubber tract or tlreind been under teiri by B.f.Gooo a engineers for dote to a synthetic rubber betr-- ti available In sufficient quari.-i-farmers may expect such tre their tractors A Russian a r.- now being successfully aiow; United States. Its value ie American rubber program, ever, is soil undetermined Tire recapping hoi proved its time value. But the rect-- : -- should be done before the ' rubber of the tire ii om? worn. ARE YOU AFFLICTED? ARE YOU AFFLICTED? If you have liver, stomach, kidney, prostate gland, itching piles, rheumatism, arthritis varicose veins, or sinus trouble, see us' AT'l71or.P.!l,icular, nd testimonies, MINERALS COMPANY. 416, WANTED FOR HOSPITAL LABORATORY AND Tjm., UATE wfrnV? opfn' Also need GRAD- board and salary Jioi.20 ijn... c"mau? Northern" California. hrnital Permanent positions. Write giv-S- !f uacatls' reference to S. W. ciumy,!"1cda,in1a00d HS Discuss your bearing problems with as. We are bearing aid specialists end widely experienced in fie Suing of difficult cases. DONALD G. LYMAN, Mgr. ' 514 Mclntyre Building Wmass ........ . Morsd to WHnir r. j 'TIVE VALUES J" "U- - V Vi JrVl WEEKLY MEWS ANALYSIS U. S. Pledges Bombs to Japan's Heart; Allies Break Axis Mountain Defenses As Drive for Tunis and Bizerte Speeds; Russ-Naz- is Locked in Caucasus Battle fFDITOIl'S NOTE: When opinions are expressed in these columns, they are those of Western Newspaper Union's news analysts and not necessarily of this newspaper.; Released by Western Newspaper Union. . - V 1 . .trf I 1 rt , - I - , V W) I i . .? American arms, ammunition and equipment were a potent factor in stepping up the fighting strength of French armies aiding the Allied cause in the Tunisian campaign. Above, Gen. Henri Giraud (center), French high commissioner of North Africa, is seen inspecting V. S. war equip-ment sent for French army use. T DAMAGE: More Ships the Remedy Calling submarine losses of Umtea but not Nations' shipping "heavy disastrous," the Truman senate committee revealed that approxi-mately 1,000,000 tons a month were than the sunk last year--or more total tonnage built by the United States and Britain combined in lin. Adding that losses were reduced in the latter months of the year, the report declared: "The submarine menace can and will be effectively met." , Most effective answer to ine threat will be increases m new construction of merchant ships and escort vessels this year, the committee said. The report esti-mated that between 18 and 19 mil-lion deadweight tons will be built in 1943, compared with 8,000,000 tons last year. Increased speed for newly con-structed ships was promised through the building of new Victory models and the redesigning of Liberty ships to permit speeds of 15 to 17 knots compared with 11 knots for the pres-ent design. VACATIONS: Public Must Summer vacations by train for Americans remained a probability in spite of a ruling by the Office of Defense Transportation that no ad-ditional summer train service re-quiring the use of Pullman sleep-ing car equipment would be author-ized. Rail officials expressed the belief that regular services would be sufficient to accommodate vaca-tionists if the public is willing to accept inconveniences and by spreading travel throughout the week. Only exception to the curtailment policy, the ODT stated, will be "coach trains operated in the pe-riod between Saturday noon and Sunday midnight utilizing primarily commuter equipment otherwise idle in that period and additional trains of type operated on other days of the week within a radius of approximately 50 miles of a terminus." All other requests for extra coach or parlor-ca- r train service for daily, or week-en- d summer op-erations will be denied, the ODT in-dicated. DRAFT: Payrollers on Call Probability that many of the 840,-00- 0 drait-eligibl- e men on govern-ment payrolls would be inducted into the armed forces was seen in the selective service's ruling that federal workers could not be de-ferred for occupational reasons ex-cept through examination of individ-ual cases by a special presidential committee. Up to the present, thousands oif government workers had been gives deferred classification as essential. Selective service announced that effective May 15, the 6,500 local boards must submit monthly to Ma-jor General Hershey, for transmis-sion to congress, the names and numbers of federal employees clas-sified as or the classes of deferment for occupational reasons. POISON GAS: British Ready Prime Minister Churchill had warned the Nazis several times pre-viously that the use of poison gas on any front would result in imme-diate retaliation by the British. Now he cautioned the enemy again, add- - VENGEANCE: For Jap Executions Stern punishment for the Jap mil-itary leaders responsible for the ex-ecution of American fliers captured after last year's raid on Tokyo was promised by President Roosevelt, who said the United States would "hold personally and officially re-sponsible" all those who partici-pated in these crimes and bring them to justice. That the Japs' barbarity was a confession of their vulnerability to air attack was clear. This was un-derscored by Tokyo broadcasts threatening to execute American fli-ers captured on future raids over Japan. The reply to such threats was giv-en by Maj. Gen. Henry H. Arnold, commander of the air forces, who told his fliers: "Let your answer to their treat-ment of your comrades be the de-struction of the Japanese air force, their lines of communication, and the production centers which offer them the opportunity to continue such atrocities." To this Maj. Gen. James H. Doo-littl-who led the Tokyo raid a year ago added: "Soon our bombers will be there again, striking at the heart of Japan until the empire crumbles and they beg for mercy." RUBBER: Showdown on Oil Use Rubber continued to be a contro-versial subject as William M. Jef-fer- s, rubber director, came to grips with Robert P. Patterson, under-secretary of war, and Harold L. Ickes, petroleum administrator, in a dispute over the use of gasoline in the synthetic production program. Patterson, supported by Ickes, charged in a statement that Jeffers was weakening American air strength against the Axis by reduc-ing combat supplies of high octane gas for the benefit of the civilian synthetic rubber manufacturing schedule. Still at odds with Elmer Davis, OWI director, over publicity re-leases on the rubber program, Jef-fers briskly took on his two new op-ponents declaring that their charges-calle-for investigation to bring out the true facts to the public. PACIFIC: U. S. Fliers Busy From the Aleutians to New Guinea, American airmen continued their assaults on Jap airfields, ship-ping and ground installations. Liberators, Mitchells, Lightnings and Warhavvks made 15 raids on the enemy at Kiska, carrying the total of forays on this menacing Jap in-stallation to more than 100 in the course of a single month. In the Solomons, Yankee fliers bat-tered Jap positions in four air raids, attacking Tonei harbor and Kieta and smashing at Kahili and Munda. From Australia, Allied aircraft made 10 forays in a single day, de-stroying enemy planes and straffing Jap base installations and occupied villages. Rabaul and Ubili, New Britain, the Saidor area of New Guinea and Laga on Timor island were the principal targets. TUNISIA: Nazis Counter-Attac- k Fighting stubbornly to delay the inevitable day of reckoning, Axis troops sought desperately to pre-vent the Allied armies from further narrowing their last hold in Tunisia. On both the north and south fronts, German counter-attack- s were fol-lowed by successful Allied thrusts that wrested mountainous terrain from the enemy and forced the Axis armies nearer to their last-stan- d po-sitions. In the north, the British First army pushed southeast after repel-ling major enemy assaults in the Medjez-el-Ba- b sector, destroying more than one-thir- d of the Nazi tanks opposing them. In the north, General Montgom-ery's British Eighth army made im-portant gains in the strategic hill country north and west of Enfida-vill- e which brought it closer to Tunis. Meanwhile, bombers of the Allied tactical air force kept up constant attacks against the few remaining Axis-hel- d airfields. RUSSIA: Caucasus Front Active Continuing to employ "strive at any cost" tactics, German armies in the Caucasus kept up e attacks against the Russians in the Kuban delta despite heavy losses and lack of success in the early stages. Two objectives were included in the Nazi plans, military observers believed. One was to relieve So-viet pressure on the enemy's bridge-nea- d at Novorossisk. The other was to build up the momentum of a drive that might be the prelude to a new Axis spring offensive. As the fighting increased in in-tensity, the activity of the opposing air forces was stepped up. German communiques reported that the luft-waf-was straffing Red supply bases on the Black sea coast. So-viet communiques revealed that while Red airmen had broken up one enemy effort to ferry reinforce-ments across the Black sea to Novo-rossisk, the Germans had succeeded later in providing substantial rein-forcements for their army in the Caucasus bridgehead. POSTWAR FINANCE: Congress Holds Reins Voting to extend for two years the President's authority over the $2,000,000,000 currency stabilization fund, the house adopted an amend-ment designed to prevent the use of this money in the $5,000,000,000 in-ternational banking fund proposed by Treasury Secretary Morgenthau for a postwar world bank. The senate had previously with-drawn the President's power to de-value the dollar while approving continuance of his power of the sta-bilization fund. In effect, the house amendment introduced by Representative Reed of Illinois gave congress control over the $2,000,000,000 stabilization fund and the proposed postwar bank-ing fund. House leaders indicated that congress would provide funds for the latter, in the event it was set up. pr - Pit' WINSTON CHURCHILL ing that he had received reports that "Hitler is making preparations for using poison gas against the Rus-sian front." Munitions centers, seaports and other military objectives throughout the whole expanse of Germany, he said, would be the target of British gas attacks should the Nazis use this weapon against the Russians. Increasing Allied mastery of the air plus the fact that Britain had stepped up its chemical warfare preparations in the last year lent an ominous note to the British statesman's warning. WAR BUILDING With the completion of the major part of the building construction necessary for full-sca- armament production, a shift of men and ma terials from construction to other fields is now under way, the depart- ment of commerce reported. The department estimated' a de cline of 32 per cent in new con struction in the first quarter of 19 compared with the last quarter of 1942. New construction amounted to $2,200,000 in the first three mon f this year. AIR TRANSPORT How air passenger and cargo transport service will be after the war was indicated expanded application of the by the ern Chicago and South Air Lines for a charter to erate post-wa- r trans-Alaska- n serv' from Chicago to The company had m appfcationtooperatet Indies to New Orleans. The n! service to Singapore W would establish shortest rT to the East Indies tlt Unce PliHc) Say: x Life begins not at 40 but we apply that which' e t learned. To many people "love" U m,. you put at the end o letters. It's easy to take other calmly. Ideals are funny things work unless you do. Age is tolerant. . Perhac- - cause it has seen so manv f ' In these days a million u onh in the budget. ' J' The use the workman mak(i his tools is more important' ti the number of tools. Avoid the man whose fe open book. He'U probabh " you a chapter. ' i HIGHLIGHTS . . . in the week's news RUBBER: In addition to vast amounts of regular crops, Siberia will produce huge quantities of ma-terial for synthetic rubber this year, a Moscow report disclosed. REFUGEES: Spokesmen for the British - American conference in Hamilton, Bermuda, on the Euro-pean refugee problem said that any large-scal- e rescue of people seemed out of the question. EXCHANGED PRISONER: First American soldier freed from an Axis war prisoner camp is Alan Stuyvesant of New York, who was released from a camp near Rome after 10 months' imprisonment. SECRECY: Former President Herbert Hoover in a public state-ment said "there can be no real justification for secrecy" at the Al-lied nations' food conference sched-uled to open May 18 at Hot Springs, Va., adding that "no secrets exist concerning the food situation In any country in the world." Ft. --v" SAILORS: More than 6,000 Ger-man naval personnel, mostly off-icers, arrived in Italian ports for as-signments aboard Italian warships, according to reports received in London. FEDERATION: Ezequiel Padilla, Mexican foreign secretary in a in New York wrote that a federation of American nations "is a pressing and imperative duty." SURPRISE: Vice Adm. Jonas H. Ingram, commander of the United States Atlantic fleet, predicted "dis-agreeable surprises" for the enemy off the Brazilian coast soon, but did not amplify his statement. "CAN OPENERS": Specially equipped Hurricane fighter planes, known as "can openers" and armed with two guns firing shells weighing 2 pounds each are being used as tank busters by the RAF in North Africa, the British air ministry announced. The tank busters have proved very effective. BRIEFS. . . by Baukhage Four Series E War Savings bonds, costing a total of $300, will supply the navy with a balsa wood life float, capable of sustaining 60 per sons. ... Nazi girls are being mobilized by the German ministry of propaganda to serve as "front line" saleswomen of Nazi books and pamphlets in oc-cupied territori.es... Thirteen buttons. The trousers of every enlisted man in the navy-hav-exactly 13 buttons. That's tradition-al and it matches the number of the original colonie.s... Four hundred thousand women will be working in American ship- - ' yards by the end of 1943, according to Mary Elizabeth Pidgeon, chief of the research division, women's bureau, U. S. department of labor. They are doing the jobs that men have done and they are receiving the same rates of pay. Twenty tons of food are carried on every Liberty ship enough to last the crew of 63 for a voyage. ...' "Honor thy father and thy moth-er, but above all, the Fuehrer." This is the Nazi version of the Fourth Commandment, as the chil-dren in Norway's schools hear it... The Nazi radio, in an excess of modesty, says it prefers the word "abdomen" to the blunter phrase "underbelly of Europe" as descrip-tive of the Mediterranean shores of the continent. Such delicacy is un-expected. ... Styles In ship launchings change too. Time was when the ceremony concluded with the statement of the individual with the bottle of cham-pagne: "I christen thee " but today, many ships are launched with a simple "I sponsor thee ." |