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Show THE PROGRESSIVE OPINION r : STEEL: Probe 'Black Market' In answer to charges that a "black market" in steel existed, where "immediate delivery was made from bulging warehouses scat-tered over the nation," two govern-ment investigations were immedi-ately begun. First probe was undertaken by Price Administrator Leon Henderson after charges made by Frank Hig-gin-associated with his father in a New Orleans shipbuilding yard, that WEEKLY NEWS ANALYSIS Allies Take Offensive in Pacific Area With Naval Attack on Solomon Islands; British Thwart Sabotage Plan in India; Nazis Reap Profits From Russian Drive (EDITOR'S NOTE: When opinions are expressed in these columns, they are those of Western Newspaper Union's news analysts and not necessarily of this newspaper.) Released by Western Newspaper Union. I f " ' S AN r ; i " OFFENSIVE: . In Southwest Pacific Exactly eight months after the bombing of Pearl Harbor eight months of gloom-lade- n defensive warfare Allied air, sea and land forces carried the battle to the en-emy in the Southwest Pacific thea-ter of war. In a fierce battle for the Solomon islands, the United States fleet and warships of the Pacific flotilla struck heavy, continuing blows at Japa-nese bases in America's first great offensiv.e of the war. Adm. Chester W. Nimitz, U. S. naval commander in the Pacific, stressed the force of enemy resist-ance. The' fight was at the northern boundary of the. Coral sea, where a U. S. task force in May inflicted the first great naval defeat in history ' upon Japan. Although not discussed in official communiques, navy spokesmen made it clear that the assault on the Solomons was the first major attempt to regain Japanese-seize- d territory. Equally clear was the fact that all possible fire power was being brought to bear upon the ei. emy. This would include army an L navy bombing planes, shelling fron big guns of naval surface ships an( t possibly strong land action. Some thousands of miles north a Pacific fleet task force had bom-t-barded Jap ships and Installations, at Kiska, one of three Aleutian is-- i lands upon which an estimated I 10,000 Japanese have entrenched f themselves. LABOR: Another Crossroads As "peace" committees of both AFL and CIO begin preparations for their meeting to bring about labor peace both Philip Murray, CIO pres- - ident, and William Green, head of AFL, issued public statements indff eating that they favored the objer--tive- . There were definite signs, howev-er, that the method of reaching the objective might encounter some dif-ficulty along the way. For in one of his statements on the subject President Green urged that CIO: "come back to the AFL, the House of Labor." Later In a speech to the impor-tant CIO United Automobile, Air-craft and Agricultural Implement Workers of America, meeting in their convention in Chicago, Philip Murray avoided all reference to this statement. But he did say: ". . .1 hope, I pray, that their (the AFL's) attitude will have changed, that ex-perience has taught the need for giv-ing recognition to the aspirations and objectives of those organizations INDIA: Action As the crisis in the latest drive for India's independence ap-proached, Britain acted with speed and surprise. By official decree, Mohandas K. Gandhi and almost 200 other Congress party lead-ers were arrested as they prepared to launch their nation-wid- e non-violent civil disobedience movement as a protest against Britain's re-fusal to grant India immediate free-dom. Some sources reported that the British acted because it was learned that an extensive sabotage cam-paign against the war effort was about to get under way. Rank and file of Gandhi's party did not take their rebuke quietly. Dispatches from New Delhi report-ed rioting in Bombay and Ahmeda-bad- . In addition government grain stores were looted in protest against the British action. It was the sixth time that Gandhi had handed himself over to govern-ment officials in his life-lon- g fight for Indian independence. As he gave himself up he called upon his fo-llowers to remember the slogan: "Either we get freedom or die." Technically Gandhi was not being . imprisoned but he was to be kept inder "strict surveillance." ir Britain's attitude seemed to be ummed up in the thought that while adia"s independence was important, l most vital problem of the United ajions at present was the winning )l la war. GfRAIN AND OIL: To the Nazis Though the cost in men and ma-chines has been terrific, the Nazis fere already reaping the benefits of i their 1942 drive for the oil and grain riches of the Caucasus. This was evidenced by an admis-sion 'on the part of Red Star, offi-cial Russian army newspaper, that already the Germans were shipping trainloads of foodstuffs from the Ku-ban area. Kuban is one of Russia's finest farm sectors but now has been practically cut off from Soviet con-trol. However, the Nazis were not har-vesting all the grain nor pumping all the oil that the Russians were forced to abandon. For as they re-treated, the Cossack defenders were employing the "scorched earth" policy to the best of their ability. Grain fields and granaries crammed with wheat were blazing as the Ger-mans advanced to them. Oil wells in the Maikop field were blown up by Soviet troops. Yet experts were forced to admit that the Nazi prize that remained was worth the battle losses. For these are the things Germany needs to continue fighting oil and grain. GRIM ENDING: For Saboteurs The greatest execution in the his-tory of the nation's capital took place when six of eight Nazi sabo-teurs who came to this country by submarine to cripple the war effort were electrocuted in the District of Columbia jail's electric chair. It was an hour and a half after the first of the plotters was pro-nounced dead that the White House made its official announcement. The six were Herbert Hans Haupt, Hein-ric- h Harm Heinck, Edward John Kerling, Hermann Otto Neubauer, Richard Quirin and Werner Thiel. Two other saboteurs escaped death by aiding the prosecution. One of them, Ernest Peter Burger, was sen-tenced to life in prison at hard la-bor. The otjper, George John Dasch, was sentenced to 30 years at hard labor. Meanwhile, the nation's first im-portant sedition trial since the out-break of the war came to a close when a federal court jury in Indian-apolis found William Dudley Pelley, SENATOR HA'RRY S. TRUMAN . . negligence or willful misconduct. his company had bought steel from such markets at higher premiums. The second investigation was un-dertaken by Congressman Carl Pe-terson, chairman of the house sub- - committee investigating the mari-time commission's cancellation last month of the Higgins' company's contract to build 200 liberty ships because of an alleged steel shortage. Meanwhile, Chairman Harry S. Truman of the senate committee in-vestigating national defense charged the navy department's bureau of ships with "negligence or willful misconduct" in connection with the construction of g boats. Senator Truman's charges contained in a letter to Navy Secretary Frank Knox referred to the navy's insist-ence on substituting its own models of g boats for ships of proved value built for this purpose by the Higgins company in New Or-leans. HOUSEWIVES: Face Job 'Draft' Spokesmen for the manpower commission intimated that one out of every four American housewives between the ages of 18 and 44 may be needed in munitions jobs for this country to attain full war produc-tion. It was indicated that a nationwide occupational registration of women might be undertaken as a means of cataloguing the country's total fem-inine adult resources. Paul V. McNutt, manpower chief, has estimated that about 5,000,000 more women must be placed in war jobs by the end of 1943. CARGO PLANES: Get Green Light A d green light" for the construction of vast cargo planes in months to come was given by both the army and navy. Speaking for the army, Lieut. Gen. Henry H. Arnold, commander of the army air forces, told a senate military affairs committee that 21 per cent of all multiple-engin- e bomber planes to he produced for the remainder of 1942 will be cargo or transport carriers. Including all planes of comparable flying range, he added, 30 per cent of the total output will be essentially for cargo purposes. General Arnold revealed that car-go and transport carriers now being produced are used to move para-troops and airborne infantry, to tow gliders and to carry supplies to com-bat zones. Planes are moving about 2,500,000 tons of material a week, he said. Speaking for the navy, Rear Ad-miral John H. Towers, chief of the Bureau of Aeronautics, disclosed that the navy is speeding a huge pro-gram for building cargo planes. '" ' , i i?- i . ' - j ' , ' . f ! 1 . X h A . WL. LI PHILIP MURRAY . . hoped and prayed." which make up the Congress of In-dustrial Organizations." Biggest stumbling blocks in labor peace talks for the seven years that the two groups had gone their qwn way had been personalities and the refusal or inability of AFL to recog-nize CIO's organization of unions by grouping all workers in an inffustry into one union. As far as personalities were con-cerned, Philip Murray had by-passed John L. Lewis by appointing to the CIO peace committee mem-bers not necessarily committed to the head of potent United TVIine Workers. Lewis and Green had con-stantly differed on peace terms in the past and with the former out of the front trenches (but still very much in the fight) some observers were forecasting an outside chance for a united labor front united for U. S. victory. I '. founder of the Fascist Silver Shirts, guilty of criminal sedition. Pelley' s co - defendants, Agnes Marion Henderson, his secretary, and Lawrence Brown, were found guilty only of conspiracy. Pelley was found guilty on all 11 counts in the indictment. Even as the erstwhile dictator of the Silver Shirts braced himself for the penalties ahead, the American public demonstrated again its stern temper when Federal Judge Arthur J. Tuttle pronounced a death sen-tence for treason upon Max Stephan, Detroit restaurant owner, for be-traying his adopted country by be-friending an escaped Nezi prisoner. SUBMARINES: Lull Near U. S. That American coastal waters are no longer a soft spot for German submarines was the view expressed by British officials in a communi-que from London. Consequently it was believed that Axis had been forced to seek other waters in which to prey on United Nations' commerce. Adoption of the convoy system in the Panama and Caribbean areas plus increased air defenses were cit-ed as coinciding with a decreased scale of submarine attacks. American military authorities commenting on the recent drop in submarine sinkings, warned, how-ever, that the Nazis might now be preparing to bring the full brunt of their underseas attack against the heavily convoyed supply lines across the North Atlantic. Increasing Allied effectiveness against submarines was said to be due to the fact that the "bottleneck regarding engines for submarine chasers, defensive craft and dirigi-bles has been broken and defensive craft are coming forward in greater numbers." U. S. IMPORTS: In a move designed to conserve precious cargo space on vessels bound for the United States, the War Production board made public an "Emergency shipping priorities list" limiting imports into this country to some 500 designated items. Officials said that some exceptions to the emergency list ' would be made if space is available after all listed items have been loaded. These would be limited to cargoes from the Caribbean area, the British Isles and Newfoundland. Shortage of Farm Labor Caused by War Demands Wages 42 Per Cent Above 1941; Ray of Hope Seen in Release of Workers From Construction Jobs. By BAUKHAGE News Analyst and Commentator. vfj urn n WNU Service, 1343 H Street, N.W., ' Washington, D. C. While Mr. McNutt's man-pow-commission is considering the draft of a new bill for mobilizing the workers and the students and even the employers of the nation, the his chin and farmer is scratching wondering just where he will fit into the picture. Farm laborers, of course, will be registered along with the rest, but will that cure the farm-er's headaches? Today the farm labor problem is full of superlatives and paradoxes. In the first place the unfulfilled de-mand for farm labor reported for July was the largest in history, 58 per cent of the total demand. In other words for every 100 hands needed, there were only 42 avail-able. That doesn't mean less people were working as a matter of fact in spite of the shortage the number of people working on the farms has increased there were 12,009,000 as of July 1. This seeming paradox merely means that more members of the farmer's family are working, more women, high school boys and girls and many older men who had retired. Older men who did a few hours light work a day, mending fences and odd jobs, are now work-ing full time. Of course the shortage of farm la-bor is due to the fact that the war and the war industries have .ab-sorbed so many people. And this competition has skyrocketed farm wages. They are the highest in 22 years. They are 42 per cent above the wages of a year ago. The aver-age day wage rate is the highest since 1920. It is $2.45 and ranges all the way from $1.15 paid in South Carolina to $4.85 paid in the state of Washington. You can get some idea why the farmers are fighting for parity prices when you learn that the ratio of prices' received to wage rates is 75 (the figure 100 standing for the ratio in the parity years, 1910 to 1914) that ratio stood at 83 last year since when it has dropped 8 points. I asked a member of the depart-ment of agriculture if that wasn't an argument in favor of the farm bloc fight in congress to keep prices up. He replied that he thought it was an argument against war and high prices in general. Well, there is the farmer's problem: although he pays al-most double what he paid in the good old parity years 1910-191- he still can get only 58 per cent of the labor he needs. Now comes the government ready to mobilize 60 million labor units. That includes men, women and younger folks, with the purpose eventually of having the government assign each available person to the special job in the war effort for which he is capable. But the farmer has peculiar diffi-culties. He may need a lot of help for say two days putting up his hay, and then things are pretty slack un-til the wheat comes along. Either he will have to provide for the sup-port of the extra help between times, or depend on the "Oakies," the migrant labor whose trials and tribulations we've heard so much about. An example of this came up recently when it was suggested that Mexican labor be brought into this country. That is a problem in the state department's bailiwick. It was pointed out that it would not be pos-sible to pay the Mexicans for only the work actually done because as aliens they could not be permitted to enter the country if they were al-lowed to become public charges. Therefore they would probably have to be guaranteed a weekly or even a monthly wage rate. Local Problem The United States is not yet reau, to break up families, or to move transfer of large homes. Of course, numbers of people has been degree in the case achieved to some where the fed-eral of the war industries government provided or helped housing for new to provide adequate industrial communities which have suddenly mushroomed into exist-ence. There is just one ray of light on the farm labor problem and that is this: Although we expect that there will be a still greater demand for farm help next year, it is possible that some of it can be recruited from construction workers with farm experience. It is believed that many of the plants and other buildings which had to be constructed to meet the war needs will be fairly well completed by next year. This may release a number of work-ers. Of course, the manpower mobili-zation bill will be very valuable respect. It will enable the man-power commissioner to flip a card and find out exactly what anyone who can do anything can do, what he is doing now, and where he is. The mere registration of people has a helpful effect, too. I know a former farmer who is now working jn an office. He was one of the re-cent registrants in the 18 to 65 group nearer 65 than 18. He said to me, "When I filled that card out and put down 36 years experience on a farm, I thought to myself, 'well, here I am, Uncle Sam knows how to locate me and old as I am, I think I could still swing a pitchfork if they need me.' " A Good Word For Mr. R. Riedel In these days when wastefulness in Washington is the theme of many a letter, there is one government employee who probably has known personally more senators intimately than most Washingtonians and who hasn't had a pay raise in 14 years! And according to most of my col-leagues he has more than deserved a raise. " He is a bubbling young man in his early thirties whose job is press re-lations officer for the United States senators. And his functions are multifold. He labors in the service, not only of senators but also of newspaper men, radio .reporters and commentators and by no means the least in their particularly pressing demands, news photographers. He is Richard Riedel, who lacks one year of being in the government service a quarter of a century. He started as a page boy in the senate at the age of nine. He has literally grown with the work and the work has grown with him. When he first came to the senate he was too small to reach up to the counter to sign his name for his pay, he had to go in behind to get it. Today, he stands 6 feet 2 inches. And the work he does has expanded, too, immeasur-ably since the time he just ran er- -' rands for the senators. Riedel remembers when the "lob-by" of the senate, that hallway just off the chamber through which the senators pass when they leave the floor, was a teeming alleyway from which nobody was excluded. Any visitor, any lobbyist, had a right to come in there and buttonhole a solon as he emerged from the chamber. But in 1919, Sen. Philander C. Knox, earlier secretary of state, changed all that. Now this sacred precinct is tread upon only by legitimate members of the press and radio. And, demo-cratically enough, where they hold most of their interviews is in the President's room. That's the .first one to the right just off the "lobby." A President uses this ornate salon about once in his term of office, and then when he announces to a com-mittee from the senate that he is through just before his successor takes the oath. At the doorway of the lobby Riedel stands with some of his colleagues. The newsmen come to him, demand the presence of a senator and are usually accorded an interview unless the gentleman in question is about to speak on the floor, or dares not miss some procedure vital to him or his constituents. But in the "lobby" and its adjoin-ing anterooms no "lobbyists" may enter. v,i,c icasuii wny a general mobili-zation of labor is not of much help to the farmer is because the farm labor problem is largely a local one. In normal times the farmer usually knows the man he wants and can call him up on the telephone and be pretty sure he will come for the few days he will be needed at the peak season. Many of these men now, of course, are off working in an armament factory, or have been drafted. In 'the totalitarian countries the authorities just take anybody they want by the scruff of the neck and send him off anywhere they want him to go. Put a small piece of hard soap in the sewing basket to rub over yarn or thread so it can be put through the eye of a needle with less difficulty. Wash beans before soaking.i Then they can be cooked or baked' in the water in which they were soaked, with a small onion added. To prevent pitting and discol-oration, food should not be left in aluminum ware any longer than is necessary. Knitted garments should be laid flat to dry, shaped to the outline drawn before the garment was washed. Peroxide will remove perfume stains from linen bureau scarf. Keep a blotting pad under scarf to protect dressing table or bureau top when perfume is spilled on it. All wild meat should be soaked clean of blood. An onion roasted with the meat improves the flavor. Three sprigs of parsley, one bay leaf, six whole cloves and a bit of thyme tied loosely together in a cheesecloth make an aromatic spice bag for cooking with soups and stews. Don't twist, bend or tie the cord attached to your elec-tric iron. It is not a cord, but two bundles of wires. CLASSIFIED DEPART M EJJ.B HONEY WANTRn HIGHEST PRICES paid can7ft- T-any quantity large or small u? "!-- . further details. SIOUX BONEt for Sioux City, Iowa. . um?SSl)l:-- ' If i wjS&ffl j ; jlllllillLv 411 ( "t S'' IITHAT fun to embroider this pretty bowl of flowers in gay colors! And when you've made the last lazy daisy stitch and fi-nished the cut-wor- k bowl, you're ready to add beauty to chair or buffet! Pattern 411 contains a transfer pa'.tera of a 12 V2 by 14 inch chair back and two 5V2 by IOV2 inch arm rests; illustration of stitches; materials required. Sendjvjr order to: , Sewing Circle Needlecraft Dept. 117 Minna St. San Francisco, Calif. Enclose 15 cents (plus one cent to cover cost of mailing) for Pattern No Name Address J. Fuller Pep By JERRY LINK "Fuller," sayB Aunt Netty, the other day. "Folks are like wine. Some sour with age, and, some, like you, get better 1" "Mebbe," says I, pickin' up that little compliment, "that's because I feel so good most of the time." For, you know, folks, when you feel good your disposition's apt to be good, too. But to do that, you got to eat right, which Includes gettin' all your vitamins. And KELLOGG'S PEP is extra-ric- h In the two most often short In ordi-nary meals vitamins Bi and D. Mighty too. Try It! A delicious cereal that supplies per serving (J 07.): the full minimum daily need of vitamin D; 14 the daily need of vitamin Bi, Applicator' M TTTT 1 III III LEAF40" CASH IN FtATHN JLl Everybody wants to know what to send a soldier, sailor, Coast Guardsman, or Marine. The a-nswer is simple if he smokes a pipe or rolls-his-ow- Send a pour.d of tobacco. Tobacco, according to numerous surveys among the met themselves, is the gift most a-ppreciated, and most wanted. F-avorite smoking tobacco of many service men is Prince Albert, the National Joy Smoke a title since Prince Albert is the world's largest-sellin- g smo-king tobacco. Local dealers are featuring Prince Albert in the pound can as ideal gifts to men in the service. Adv. t 1 room, 'oi 1 1 11 lion combine 11 I ,2a. AnHPlcMat,. U r..,"J0U!,, 1 11 our gua! II 111 HI S50.000 U 1 COFFEE SHOP . I 11 mm -i l Acid Indig:::3 What many Doctor! do lor l! When excess stomach acid essesla.wa;!l"",' or heartburn, doctors prescribe the fasul medicines known for eymtomatic re!tef-- n'. like those in s Tsblets. No lanm-- 1: ; very first trial doesn't prove s bt!.: bottle to as and get double your money (try this npnij l if you'reEIlUwL. on "certain days" of month If functional monthly disturbs" make you nervous, restless, hi?"; strung, cranky, blue, at such tim --try Lydia E. Pinkham's Vegetal" Compound - famous for over w years - to help relieve such P'" and nervous feelings of women! "difficult days." Taken regularly -- Plnlchsms Compound helps build up resis-tance against such annoying sym-ptoms. Follow label directions. worth trying I x 7actd ofi v ADVERTISING ADVERTISING represents tie leadership of a nation. It points tie way. We merely follow follow to new heights of comfort, of convenience, of happiness; As time goes on advertis-ing is used more and more, and as it is used more we all profit more. Ifs the way advertising has of bringing a profit io everybody concerned, ihe consumer included E5 WNU W And Your Strength and Energy Is Below Tar It rrrny be caued by rd",n0-- ney function that pe" 0j lyaste to accumulate. or yu'- t;( people feel tired, weak and when tho kidneys fail to rem0" acids and other waate matter ir blood. hnckfM' You may Buffer naccine ",, ' rheumatic pains, headache " :,. gottinc up nights, leg Pa""i.y u:.J'' Sometimoa frequent and a with smartine and .ur"," other Bign that something " the kidneys or bladder. . r3ir:1 There should be no doubt twif (t treatment ia wiser than uii. cs i Boon's Pills. It is better w if medicine that has won counu. , vorjl'! something IMS . proval than on t(p known. Donn'a have been tnea a ed Are at 0 lBu3 j Buy War Bonds -- Buy War Bonds Cherokee Rose An old Indian legend recour.ls the love of a young Seminole wa-rrior for the daughter of an enemy Cherokee chieftain. When the girl fled with her lover to live amcr-th- Seminoles she took along as a souvenir of her native country only a sprig of rose, which she planted in her new home. This is the Cherokee Rose, which came to be regarded as a symbol of the land of Georgia. It is the state of Georgia's official bloom. BRIEF S ... by Baukhage The Library of Congress has as-sembled an exhibit of materials pub-lished in 64 of the 111 printed lan-guages of the Union of Soviet So-cialist Republics. More than 39,000 women are now employed in productive capacities in the aircraft manufacturing industry as compared wi(h only 1,900 nine months ago. .Tobacco has been rationed in Sweden since June 1. During a y period individuals are allowed 180 d cigarettes, or 300 to 600 short cigarettes. For cigarettes may be substituted 60 cigars, 90 lit-tle cigars, or about five ounces of pipe tobacco. who do not obtain ration cards for tobacco receive in- stead an extra ration of about eight and a third ounces of coffee or three and a third ounces of tea. Americanization meetings for peo- ple of Japanese descent in Hawaii were recently held by the extension service with an attendance of persons. atwonrfr?61' iS ing 200 3 bomb will tend more than a mile and a quar- - reeUseedadfthe POtat whe" . Survival of the fittest ideas is democracy's aim. Contribute success stories" in war workisT vage, defense savings citL rationing, acceleration ttTsZ reports on your war activities Information to tne Director, Wartime Pr, mission. U. S. Office of m" Washington, D C Educion, HIGHLIGHTS . . . in the week's news I GENEVA: Guglielmo Ferrero, noted- Italian historian and foe of the Fascists, died here at the age of 71. Seven years ago his books were seized by the Mussolini govern-ment and he was forced to flee Italy. He had taught history at the Uni-versity of Geneva ever since. Among his most noted books was "The Grandeur and Decadence of Rome." LONDON: President Roosevelt gave his name and his sponsorship as a godfather to the youngest son of the British royalty at a christen-ing ceremony on the 42nd birthday of the infant's aunt, Queen Eliza-bert- The prince, born July 4 to the duke and duchess of Kent, was named Michael, George, Charles Franklin, and will be known as Prince George of Kent, as was his father. The duke, youngest brother of King George VI, served as proxy for President Roosevelt, who accept-ed by cable the invitation to be god-father to the prince. WASHINGTON: Manufacture of typewriters, except for a small quantity to be produced for the gov-ernment by one factory, will end October 31, it was announced by the War Production board in an order released here. The order likewise limited the production of most type-writer companies between July 1 and October 1 to 12 per cent of the machines sold by them last year. MOSCOW: Thirty-thre- e Red army commanders were promoted to the rank of major general, according to an announcement issued by the Soviet Council of People's Commis-sars. At the same time Ivan o and Boris Sheremetov were made lieutenant generals. LONDON: The admiralty an-nounced that 23 British shipyards which had been closed during the shipbuilding depression in prewar years had been reopened. The state-ment was issued in denial of reports published in Britain that many ship-yards were unused. |