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Show THE PROGRESSIVE OPINION Results Justify Expenses Of Overseas Propaganda Axis Has Employed Elaborate Means to Get Its Views Across to Neutral Nations; U. S. Must Use Press and Radio. By BAUKHAGE News Analyst and Commentator. WNU Service, Union Trust Building Washington, D. C. The other day, Elmer Davis, head of the Office of War Information, held a press conference. He opened it with the remark that we were witnessing an Uncle Tom's Cabin without the Simon Legree. I didn't get the significance of the remark until Davis explained that Repre-sentative Tabor, who charged Mr. Davis with using the Office of War Information to distribute propagan-da for a fourth term, had been In-vited to share the conference but had other duties. Obviously, the purpose of the meeting was to show how the mon-ey for the publication of propaganda was being spent and a good deal of time was taken up on comparative costs of British, American and Axis How about results? That is pretty hard to reduce to statistics or even concrete statements. We know some Japs have surrendered with our propaganda leaflets in their hands. We know that leaflets dropped over occupied countries or pamphlets smuggled in have started people talking. OWI has reports to this ef-fect. They say that this means that the idea has been spread that Amer-ica is in touch with the people within the occupied territory. We know that some of these pam-phlets have been photostated or cop-ied in others and given further dis-tribution. It- was stated that these copies or excerpts from them have even been circulated in prison camps. 3 We know that from four to six clandestine newspapers are made propaganda efforts. If the OWI car- up chiefly from Allied propaganda ries out present plans, it will be spending at the rate of 45 millions of dollars by the end of the year. Britain, with its separate ministry of information, is spending much more than we are Germany prob-ably four or five times as much. That's a rough estimate. But the figures didn't interest me so much and I'll tell you why. I had come to the meeting a little early and had been studying the array of lit-erature arranged on two tables the American and the Axis propa-ganda material. There were hand-some publications like the German magazines "Signal," and Japan's "Nippon." "Signal" costs 75 cents a copy to produce the art work in all of them must make "Esquire" and "For-tune" envious. There were tiny pamphlets these were American you could slip into your hat band. The OWI's masterpiece is "Victory" which was the target of congres-sional attack it isn't so bad in com-parison with the expensive Axis magazines but it costs only 35 cents to produce. Three things struck me as a re-sult of the conference: first, if there is an even chance of obtaining the results expected, the investment is not worth quibbling about; second, since Davis admits that material got into the 'Roosevelt sketch which should not have and won't again, we either oueht to take Davis' inrlo- - material. Of course, by no means all of the OWI propaganda is spread through publications. In fact, the radio broadcasts represent the greater part of the expenditure. OWI is confident that this radio propaganda is not wasted as has been charged although it is admit-ted that the listening audience is being cut down as short-wav- e sets are seized or wear out and the de-preciation is heavy. On the other hand, it is known that the radio broadcasts are repeated by word of mouth and in clandestine pam-phlets and newspapers. The chief evidence that propagan-da is reaching into Germany comes from two sources: first, the speeches of Goebbels and other German lead-ers who warn against black listen-ingwarning not to believe the for-eign propaganda and, second, the records of trials of persons arrest-ed for this black listening. Effective in Turkey It is stated that American propa-ganda has been effective in Turkey because Turks believe it whereas they have caught the Axis in too many lies. Since publications print-ed in Turkish are still forbidden to be sent into Turkey, the printing has to be done there or the material sent in in French or English. In Spain, it is said that in spite of strong handicaps-th- at is, the ment or else fire him. Thirdly, the public hasn't had a chance to know what the propaganda is all about and the criticism of one phase of it utterly distorts the general picture of the function, purpose and value of the OWI effort. In the first place, these publica-tions under consideration are not for our troops abroad or our people at home though I believe they eught to be given some circulation here simply so that their function is understood, at least when it is compatible with the confidential of some of the means of distri-bution in enemy countries. It is accepted as the duty and function for one political party to do all it can to discredit the leaders of the other party according to the rules of th game of politics but, as Davis quoted the Baltimore Sun, you have to exploit your personali-ties. People mean a lot more than mere ideas when you are trying to make an impression. Roosevelt can be played up as a powerful symbol to people abroad without affecting the political situation at home. That was done effectively in the case of Woodrow Wilson in the last war, his picture was worshiped all over Eu-rope, as the symbol of the leader of a nation coming to liberate them. But when he came home, he couldn't sell his program to the American people. 'Sell' Allied Cause I tried to find out what the ob-jective of the OWI was, whether it could show any results. Purpose one is counter-attac- We know what German propaganda has done, first in softening countries about to be invaded; second, to keep neutrals leaning Nazi-war- OWI wants to fight fire with fire. The second purpose is the same as the first and more of it not merely to nullify enemy effort but sell the prospect the idea that Amer-ica can win and is winning the war and that American victory will be a greater selfish advantage to the prospect than a Nazi victory would be. power of the Falangist party which is openly pro-Axi- s American prop-aganda has curtailed this power, has swung many people from a pro-Ax-to a pro-All- y attitude. The persecution of the Catholic church in Germany has been used effectively in Spain. Of course, this isn't the whole story of propaganda. All is fair in love and war and some pretty pre-carious tight-rop- e walking is some-times done witness democracy's tete-a-te- with Darlan which his-tory will probably disclose was less a desertion of democratic poUtical methods than waiving of the Queens-berr- y rules of gallant combat. We can't expect the Allies to show their hands to the enemy and there is no use disturbing the squeamish by revealing the possible although not entirely immaculate condition which might arise from grappling with an especially noisome enemy. What Davis did not go into at this meeting was the question of enemy propaganda directed toward us. That is a very delicate matter and sometimes governments are willing to give the enemy credit for the cir-culation of certain sentiments ex-pressed by people who are just mad at their own public servants and are exercising the inherent right of grousing. As I said before, I am much more interested in whether the propagan-da job we are doing is effective. As to getting in puffs for the party in power, that is up to the party out of power to stop but one of the inescapable advantages of being an "in" in wartime is that you can squelch some opposition on the ground of patriotism. On the other hand, there was never an adminis-tration yet that wasn't thrown out after a war so there is some com-pensation furthermore, the party of the opposition doesn't share the blame for the mistakes. Now that Governor Bricker has announced that he expects the Ohio delegation will support him as a favorite son candidate for the presi-dency, politics will be raising its lovely head in every headline. WEEKLY NEWS ANALYSIS Congress Moves to Defer Farm Labor; Climax of Tunisia Campaign Nears As Allies Close In on Rommel's Forces; Manpower Shortage Held More Acute (EDITOR'S NOTE: When opinions are expressed Ic' '"" "'j.'J'S' 'hls'newspaper.) Western Newspaper Union's news analysts and not Released by Western Newspaper Union. . y iCt RUSSIA: See-Sa- Offensives character of the war-fare The see-sa-on the Russian front had con-tinued with Soviet offensives push-- , interruption toward on without the goals of Smolensk and Staraya Russa, while German counter-offensive- s were striking with increasing power in the Kharkov sector. The main force of the Russian drive toward Smolensk had beer, con-centrated on a stretch of the Vyazma-Sm-olensk railroad. The Reds were reported as having captured scores of settlements south of Bely. Much of the fighting was reported west of the Dnieper river head- - waters- The German offensive further south had ranged from Kharkov to tank battles and a Kursk, with epic struggle for supremacy in the air. had report-ed A German communique that "Enemy forces encircled southeast of Kharkov have been an-nihilated with the exception of small remnants." Far northwest of Khar-kov and on a battle line extending down into the Donets river basin, the Germans were reported concentrat-ing their reserves and tanks on nar-row sectors still held by the Rus-sian- UNITY: For French Factions Three months of unpublicized preparation had been necessary for the action that was to culminate in a meeting between Gen. Henri d and Gen. Charles DeGaulle and bridge once and for all the chasm that had separated the French North African regime and the Fighting French. When Gen. Giraud had announced that everything reminiscent of Vichy rule was to be thrown overboard and then had followed with decisive decrees translating words into ac-tion, the day of French unity dawned. Happily received by the DeGaul-list- s, were Giraud's decrees nulli-fying all Vichy laws discriminating against Jews, restricting the activi-ties of labor unions and banning Freemasonry. Even before the Giraud decrees and the resignation from his govern-ment of officials, Fighting French leaders meeting in London rejoiced that events in North Africa had taken a more favorable turn and that Giraud's invitation to for a conference would meet a friendly reception. Further evidence of the increasing unity of French interests was the action of French Guiana's govern-ment in breaking away from Vichy control and joining forces with Gen-eral Giraud. This South American possession had previously been un-der control of d Adm. Georges Robert, high commissioner at Martinique. Lining the deck of a V. S. submarine as It docks at Pearl Harbor after a successful raid on the Jap base on Makin Island, these marine raiders are ready for the comforts of shore for a while. The raiders, transported to the island and back aboard American submarines, wiped out the garrison and all enemy installations there. FARM LABOR: Deferment Act Passed Congress demonstrated unmistak-ably that it meant business in deal-ing with the farm labor shortage. Evidence of this determination was found in the senate's action In passing legislation to defer all es-sential farm workers from military service. The measure which had required house approval would di-rect draft boards to defer men em-ployed substantially full-tim- e in pro-duction of essential foods and fibers. Although Secretary of War Henry L. Stimson had strenuously opposed blanket farm deferments, sponsors of the legislation contended such ac-tion was necessary. The house meanwhile had moved to combat the farm labor shortage in another direction, by passing a bill appropriating $261,000,000 to recruit and train 3,500,000 men and women as a "land army." SHOWDOWN: Looms in Tunisia Evidence had continued to mount that the Allies were preparing a concerted drive that would bring the i North African camnaiETn to a cli- - MANPOWER: Supply and Demand The problem of manpower for war industries grew more acute as the War Manpower commission placed the districts of South Chicago-Norther- n Indiana on a week basis and designated 36 areas in the United States as sec-tions in which a critical labor short-age is soon expected. With the supply of labor for es-sential war work lagging, the WMC estimated that at least 2,800,000 es-sential jobs in munitions, transpor-tation, agriculture and other indus-tries must be filled this year from the less essential work classes. In-cluded in this latter category were bartenders, porters, bellhops, night club and music hall attendants, per-sons engaged in the liquor trade, candy, tobacco and florists. Labor experts indicated that in order to fill the increasing demand for workers, employers must hire more older people, train and employ more women, use boys under 18 wherever possible and use the phys-ically handicapped for light tasks. Meanwhile, Robert P. Patterson, assistant secretary of war, urged POLITICS: Banned for OWI Accused by administration critics of propaganda boosting President Roosevelt for a fourth term, per-sonnel of the Office of War Informa-tion were cautioned by Director El-- CM' '' ' - B' V ' ' ; max. As the ring around the Axis de-fenders of coastal Tunisia was tight-ened by the Allied command, two developments spelled progress to-ward the final showdown. One was the upsurge of offensive action by American forces under Lieut. Gen. George S. ("Blood and Guts") Patton which continued on after the recapture of Gafsa and El Guettar in central Tunisia and apparently had as its ultimate goal the coastal city of Gabes. Replacing Maj. Gen. Lloyd R. Fredendall on this front, General Patton brought with him the reputation of being one of the most offensive-minde- d gen-erals of the army. Another development of high sig-nificance was the drive by General Montgomery's British Eighth army against Marshal Rommel's Mareth line positions in southeastern Tuni-sia. Characteristically, tight-lippe- d Montgomery had issued no commu-niques concerning his early moves; first reports of the offensive had come from German sources. Together, these two developments indicated that an Allied squeeze play was under way against Rom-mel's army. LESS GASOLINE: For East Coast While the gasoline ration for "A" book holders in eastern states was cut from 3 to 1 gallons per week, these motorists were given the op-portunity of using the gasoline as they pleased, for the ban on pleas-ure driving was removed. In making public the reduction, the Office of Price Administration, Price Administrator Prentiss M. Brown, announced that "A" book holding industrial workers who mo-tor to their jobs would be allowed supplemental gasoline. Halving of the basic ration was made necessary, according to a statement by Petroleum Administra-tor Harold L. Ickes, because only 333,000 barrels of gasoline daily could be madsj available for East coast civilian and industrial use dur-ing April. congress to adopt legislation to draft men and women when necessary to fill war factory jobs and work on farms. AIRCRAFT CARRIERS: Dozens by Year's End Henry J. Kaiser, shipbuilding "miracle man," was at it again. This time it was on the large-scal- e production of 500-fo- aircraft car-riers. Some details of Kaiser's new ac-tivities were disclosed following a recent visit to the White House. Twelve shipways at Vancouver, Wash., he said, are being used for the construction of medium size air-plane carriers. The rate of produc-tion is expected to reach six a month by the end of 1943. The Kaiser carriers will be 487 feet long at the water line, with flight decks of 514 feet. They can be used either as carriers or as air-craft transports. Standard carriers are 761 feet long. 'FREEZE': 200,000 Vehicles As the nation's transportation situ-ation grew more critical because of heavier loads and lack of new equip-ment, ODT Director Joseph B. East-man moved to prevent the "migra- tion" of vehicles from one area to another by freezing nearly 200,000 buses and street cars in their pres- ent service. Mr. Eastman's order applied to every vehicle carrying nine or more persons m passenger transportation m the United States, its territories and possessions. Included in new regulations were-93,00- school buses; 20,000 inter-cit- y buses; 44,000 city buses; 10,000 rapid transit, elevated and subway cars-3,00- suburban rail cars; and 3 500 trackless trolley vehicles. At the same time, in line with the government's plans to keep the na tion's automobiles rolling OPA offl cials announced that additional pre'. Pearl Harbor and "Victory'1 tires would be available to certain lower mileage ration passenger car owners. ELMER DAVIS mer Davis to refrain from partisan poUtical activity. Conceding that the OWI had in-dulged in propaganda on behalf of the administration in an article in the bureau's overseas magazine, "Victory," Davis denied that there was any other evidence to support the charges. "Our sole function is to contribute to winning the war," Davis pointed out in a memorandum to OWI's 3 000 employees. "We must take care that the utility of this office is not impaired by any action of ours whatever injury to it may be at tempted by others." SOUTH PACIFIC: Japs Show Concern Even as Premier Hideki Tojo was warning the Japs that "the war situ- ation is becoming more serious" JzrZ ffTNaVy Frank Kn tons Japan has lost 1,857,000 of shipping, or one-thir- d of her tonnage at the beginning of the war The journey to victory is just be-ginning," Knox, however cautioned JaPan WaS sinf concern over tehxehibwitainr'gs uedlo blTf??,Warplanes of enemy troops and supplied e lsTland above Australia .t tacking jap coastal vessels off west ern Dutch New Guinea. Further to the south and east Ka? isl'3 Hkelenemy N:wGrea.betWeen AuStralia and BEEF auction or 1 purchases but" to ST normal food demand Thu, w" ernment buying were to 60v" ere would Wtoei' tion." situa- - CLASSIFIED DEPARTMENT RAZOR BLADES Wil ELMS I,a0deTarde BIRTH CERTIFICATES HOW TO OBTAIN PROOF OF BIRTH few days. Entire U. S. A. Send SI. 00. Proof of Birth - - Santa Monica, Calif. BULBS Briphten Your Garden. Plant Ranunculus. 100 flowering size bulbs prepaid. $1.00 cash. 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They've mous for prompt action for 30 yeir-care to use them only as directed- k do substitutes. 35 at your drug t DON'T LET cohstipat;:i SLOW YOU VP When bowels are alugeish ' feel irritable, headachy, do as do chew the rc:: chewing-gu- laxative. Simply t; FEEN-A-MIN- before you go;' taking only in accordance with directions sleep without be ts turbed. Next morning gentle- t::t relief, helping you feel swell as FEEN-A-MIN- Tastes good, is and economical. A generous fan-- - Telling time in the Navy is on the system. Morning hours are from one to twelve, but after-noon hours are from 1300 to 2400 (midnight). So if you ask a sailor the time and he says "seventeen," subtract 12 and you get five o'clock in the afternoon. It's sim-pler if you ask him what cigarette he smokes. Chances are he'll say: "Camel," for Camel is the favor-ite cigarette among Navy men as well as among men in the Army, Marines, Coast Guard. (Based on actual sales records from service men's stores.) Local dealers are featuring Camel cartons as gifts for men in the service from the folks back home. Adv. fTo relieve distress of MONTHLY Femals Weakness WHICH MAKES YOU CRANKY, NERVOUS! Lydla E. Plnkham's Vegetable Com-pound has helped thousands to re-lieve periodic pain, backache, head-ache with weak, nervous, cranky, blue feelings due to functional monthly disturbances. This Is due to Its soothing effect on one of woman's most important organs. Taken regularly Plnkham's Com-pound helps build up resistance against such annoying symptoms. Follow label directions. Worth trying 1 SOOTHES QUICKLY Right on the shelf, to should have cooling, soothing tholatum to help you c 1. Head-col- d stuffiness. 2. Cm skin. 3. Clogged nostrils. 4. V- -. gic headache. 6. Nasal e to colds. 6. Cracked lips-- ' ; ' and scratches. 8. Minor 9. Dry nostrils. 10. Sore w- -- due to exposure. 11. h'1 12. Minor bruises. Jare 3 WNU W 1343 For You To Feel Well 24 hours every day. 7 days every week, never stopping, the kidneys filter waste matter from the blood. If more people were aware of how the kidneys must constantly remove sur-plus Quid, excess acida and other waste matter that cannot stay In the blood without injury to health, there would be better understanding of wAy the whole system ia upBet when kidneys tail to function properly. Burning, scanty or too frequent urina-tion some times warns that something. Is wrong. You may suffer nagging e, headaches, dizziness, rheumatde pains, getting up at nights, swelling. Why not try Doan't PilM You will be using a medicine recommended the country over. Doan's stimulate the func-tion of the kidneys and help them to flush out poisonous waste from the blood. They contain nothing harmful. Get Doan't today. Use with confidenoa. At all drug stores. Get Into Actio" For Foil Victory- - J p p p p- p p- p p p p p c p.. l ASK ME ) I ANOTHER J A General Quiz - P-- P- P-- P-- P-The Questions 1. What is a philippic? 2. In army slang, what is a cav-alryman called? 3. A quack medicine is often called a what? 4. In mythology, what was the name of the three-heade- d dog that guarded the entrance to Hades? 5. What is the difference be-tween the "army of the U. S." and the "U. S. army"? 6. What is meant by the politi-cal term "log rolling"? 7. Where is the Peace river? ; 8. How does the earth rank among the planets in size? . 9. How many states does the Mississippi river bound? 10. How does the U. S. army and navy protect their boys from im-pure drinking water? The Answers 1. Speech abounding in invective. 2. A cavalryman is "bowlegs," infantryman is "blisterfoot." 3. A nostrum. 4. Cerberus. 5. "Army of the U. S." applies to all draftees and those enlisted "for the duration plus six months;" "U. S. army," our regular army. 6. Log rolling is combining to assist another in a political enter-prise, in consideration of assist- - . ance in return. 7. Western Canada. 8. Fifth. 9. Ten: Minnesota, Wisconsin, Illinois, Iowa, Missouri, Kentucky, Tennessee, Arkansas, Louisiana and Mississippi. 10. Purification units move with the army and navy and must be on or near all battle lines. Italy's Life Lines Switzerland's heavily r Simplon, Lotschberg and E. Gotthard tunnels are the life of Italy. Eighty per cent o; I the coal, oil, ore, food and vital war supplies which G::r sends to Italy are shipped these three tunnels in the The Swiss are prepared to ; up the tunnels in the even: German invasion. B R I E F S . . . by Baukhage China has received $157,000,000 of assistance from America. Seventy thousand letters dumped into the Tagus river when the Yan-kee Clipper crashed recently at Lis-bon, finally reached London, a sod-den mass, but were salvaged. Most were addressed to American sol-diers. Officials estimated that 95 per cent reached their destination. A two-pag- e newspaper, printed on birch bark by Russian guerrillas behind German lines has been brought to the museum of revolu-tion in Moscow. More figures on food sent to our Allies in 1942: Last year we sent to our Allies: of each pound of our cheese; one ounce out of every six pounds of our butter; one out of every ten of our eggs; one out of every 20 pounds of our meat; one pint out of each 10 quarts of milk. It costs the treasury an average of about $2.50 each to "process" an income tax return. The department expects that the new taxes will bring in 8,500,000 new returns. The d steel bark, Foz Do Dourg, will carry a cargo of more than 200,000 American Red Cross food parcels for U. S. prison- ers of war in enemy countries. In 1943, total lend-leas- e canned fruit and vegetable shipments are expected to total less than 3 out of every 100 cans of the 1943 pack. Shortage of canned fruits and vege-tables is due to combination of heavy U. S. military requirements, increased consumer purchasing power in 1942, limitations on amount of allocated for canning. Almost all of that part of the 1943 pack reserved for government pur-poses will go to U. S. armed forces not to lend-leas- HIGHLIGHTS . . . in the week's news 1 DETROIT: New tires using steel instead of fabric cord at an esti-mated saving of 15 per cent in rub-ber were examined by Rubber Di-rector William M. Jeffers on a tour of a tire factory here. Dr. Sidney M. Caldwell, scientist of the firm, said only two plies of steel were nec-essary, compared with 10 of cotton or nylon, making possible a thin casing and minimum friction. OTTAWA: Plans for a compul-sory, nation-wid- e health insurance system for Canada were outlined by an advisory committee of the de-partment of pensions and national health. The plan presented to the Dominion house of commons by Ian F. Mackenzie, minister of pensions and health would cost $256,186,000 a year. Complete medical, nursing, hospital care and costs of medicine would be available to all citizens. Dental care to all children under 16 years of age would also be pro-vided. Adults above a certain wage scale would pay $26 a year. LONDON: More than 30,000 Ger Ivonn'r amng aPPrinate: casualties in the bat- tle beginning at El Alamein. Egypt on October 23 and lasting until No! vember 5. There were likewise 7,200 German prisoners, according to a statement issued by War Secretary James Gngg. Grigg said BriUsh casualties in the battle were 13,600 or 18 per cent of Axis losses MADRID: Describing the present international conflict as "a war to the death" which might last six or eight years, Gen. Francisco Franco told the Spanish assembly that ob jectives of the World war were" changed with the entry of Russi into the struggle. Referring to spread of communism since the Rus sian revolution. Franco said- - "it iJ not necessary for the Soviet 'armies to reach nations for the Red lution to come. No one dreamsr0. of a short war. or of a peace of Z |