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Show SE&N sn around the NATIONAL JCAPITAIU Carter Field President Roose-vtlt- 'i moft spectacular light In the next session of congress now ceemi to be on taxation. It promise! to develop a battle approaching the fundamental character of the of Supreme court enlargement fight the leiiion now about to die. The Treiniry, working under the of the President, will have a measure already drafted Washington. when congress convenes In Janu- ary. There Is no dodging the fact that the government does and will need more revenue lots more. All the early session talk about economy and balancing the budget has long since blown out the window. Congress appropriated plenty more than the budget But that is only part of the picture. Federal housing is Just starting will expand. And there will be other new expenses. Biggest of all, however, is relief. Harry L. Hopkins literally bites his fingernails with rage at the idea of congress appropriating "only" one and a half billion dollars for relief was especially sore because of the proviso that this must run through the fiscal year. He had hoped for no strings to spend the billion and a half, in six or seven months and then ask for a deficiency appropriation. He doesn't blame the President for this nigardlincss says the President asked for only a billion and a half because the White House was told by Capitol Hill leaders that they would not vote for any more. Criticism of congress for this stinginess for which Hopkins says many people must suffer is being g broached all through the network of relief agencies. But, regardless of any particular development, the Treasury is going to need more money, and the President is going to tell congress bow to raise it Right there will come the rub. far-flun- Congress Knows Maybe thinks it knows about raising revenues just how to keep the shoe from pinching too painfully, and just how to get enough money despite tempering the wind to the shorn Iambs. It has the pride of one signal victory over the President, with a following demonstration of the accuracy of its judgment The President wanted to eliminate the regular corporation income tax entirely slap a very high tax on undistributed earnings, and get the revenue from bigger inCongress dividual income taxes. It is now obvious to any one who examines the figures that if congress had done precisely what the President wanted the Treasury would now be in a much deeper hole than it is. Corporations did just what the President wanted done for the most pari They voted out extra dividends to escape the new tax, and boosted incomes as s result But the income taxes did not mount at anything like the rate the Presidents advisers had calculated. Fortunately for the federal strong box, congress insisted on retaining the regular corporation income tax. In the coming battle the conservatives in congress will line up behind Pat Harrison, chairman of the senate finance committee, in a fight to liberalize the tax on undistributed corporation earnings. Harrison favors a much more liberal policy with respect to putting aside a surplus for rainy days. No conservative on Capitol Hill takes much stock in the Roosevelt-NeDeal contention that under the new order there won't be any rainy days. Besides, they slyly point out the Supreme court is still functioning and the Constitution has not been amended, so the White House should revise its own weather forecasts. All the Roosevelt tax proposals have contained just as much social and economic reform as money raising. Next January's bill will be no exception. It will move against It will strike anew at bigness. holding companies. It will aim. in a general way. at the distribution of wealth. w Laugh at Farley Ever since James A. Farley named Senator Arthur H. Vanden-ber- g as the Republican Presidential nominee for 1940. there has been lot of chuckling over Postmaster Jim's taking in more territory, and running the Republican party as well as the Democratic. But there was plenty of shrewd strategy behind Jim's move. It just so happens that Senator Vandenberg is far from being the easiest Republican to beat, in Farleys estimation. There are lots of Republicans Jim thinks could be beaten much more easily. In fact if Jim were to take down his hair and tell the cold truth, he would admit you that he would regard Vandenberg as the very hnrdcst Republican to beat of any now on the horizon. Why then would he try to help nominate him? Most of the Washington dispatches since Farley made his prediction Newfoundland Dog One of Several in Large Class The Newfoundland dog is one of our larger breeds that originated in North America, although there is reason to believe that its ancestors were brought to the American coast by European fishermen, notes a writer In the Chicago Tribune. A Newfoundland male in excellent condition may weigh up to 140 or 150 pounds, which easily takes him out of the lapdog class have stressed the point that Vandenas berg would be about as strongnomany Republican likely to be inated. They have gone on from there to the old political logic that the man farthest out In front most of the any contest is the man other candidates shoot at, and hence is very apt to be crippled In the final stretch. The other candidates "gang" him. fearing that otherwise there would be no chance for any one of them. This, most observers have figured, is what Farley wanted to happen to Vandenberg, thus greasing the way for the exit of the strongest opponent Franklin D. Roosevelt or whoever runs in his place could have. The real truth is very different Indeed. Farley is more afraid of something else, by far, than he is of Vandenbergs running. What he is most afraid of is that NO Republican will run! Supremely Confident absolutely confident, Farley and with considerable logic, that whoever the Democrats nominate assuming they do not go plain crazy can beat any Republican who may be nominated. The Democrats might not carry 46 states, as they did in 1936. They might not even carry 42. as they did in 1932. But it would be mighty hard for the Republicans to beat them. In fact, fair betting odds right now ought to be about ten to one that it will be impossible to revamp the Republican organization into a winning machine by 1940, even if they should have an appealing candidate and a popular platform. There are more factors entering Into this situation than are explained by the debacles of 1932, 1934 and 1936. Or by Roosevelt! There are situations in individual states, notably New York, New Jersey, Pennsylvania, Ohio. Indiana, Illinois and Connecticut all states that the Republicans simply must carry to have a chance in a presidential election which make the carrying of any one of them an uphill job for is the Republicans. In all those states the old leaders have passed out of the picture, and no competent hands or shrewd brains have taken their places in the G. O. P. machines. The New York Republican organization went to pot along about 1920. Not a Republican senator or governor has been elected since that year, while the majority of the house delegation has been Democratic beginning with the 1922 election. The Republican organization in the other states named carried on a little longer than did the Empire State leaders, but they have been dying on the stem. Pennsylvania's "Puddler Jim" Davis Is the only Republican senator from the whole lot, and the Democrats are counting on knocking him off next year! What Farley is more afraid of than any Republican, no matter how strong, is the dissolution of the Republican party as a national institution, and the split of the Democrats into two camps. Further Farley happens to know that Vandenberg is one of the best known Republicans who privately favors abandoning the word "Republican. So the naming of Vandenberg by Farley was a very shrewd hypodermic, not for Vandenberg, but for the old G. 0. P. elephant! Might Be Worse Business representatives In Washington the bright lads who look after the interests of the various industries, etc. are relieved that the wages and hours bill Is going through this session, surprising as that may seem. Not that they like it. With one accord they agree that it is terrible. But they think that if its passage were delayed until next session it would be worse. When they saw how William Green marched up to the Capitol, after being relegated to the by so many commentators, and put a few teeth in the measure, they realized that if passage could have been postponed the measure would be much more radical than it is now. For instance, there is only a hair line now holding the minimum wages that the board can fix for a community at 40 cents an hour. There is a provision, slipped into the bill by Green, which provides that the board may not fix a minimum less than the minimum obtained by collective bargaining. But being as the limit is fixed at 49 cents, the board simply could not interfere with a concern which was paying a minimum of 40 cents, though the minimum established by collective bargaining in that vicinity might be 50 cents. Obviously the two elements were injected in the bill without thought of their working together. And obviously the natural inclination of every New Dealer would be to tByf out that minimum of 40 cents in favor of any action which might tend to raise it. So what the business representatives think is that if there were more time to work on the measure if it were put over until next session to study the flat minimum would be boosted. Obviously such an amendment can be proposed next session, and beyond any question will be. But to head off an amendment after a law has been in operation less than a year before it has really got to working is not difficult It is so easy to make the point that time must be allowed to see how the machine works before any tinkering is attempted. Bell Syndicate. WNU Service. has-bee- and puts him among our large-size- d breeds. As in the case with many breeds, the way the Newfoundland developed ip a matter of conjecture. Some say he descended from the boarhound. But it is pretty generally agreed that the breed developed in Newfoundland, and it also is pretty certain not one but several breeds were involved in its evolution. Whatever his origin, the Newfoundland Is a courageous yot gentle, intelligent, and loyal heavyweight Ask Me O T Another the largest liner that has gone through the Panama canal? 2. How many of our President! 1. What is Some years ago, Washington. d when New England's George H. Moses Like sat In the presid- Oli Timea ln officer's chair sharp-tongue- as president pro tempore of the senate. I used to marvel at the speed with which he got rid of legislation. The Republicans were in control of the senate. The late Senator Charles Curtis of Kansas was the Republican leader. Between the astute Curtis and the nimble-witte- d Moses, the senate many times really ran in high gear. To me, it was reminiscent of the old days, therefore, when I watched Vice President "Jack Garner operate in the senate the other day to get the judiciary reform bill through that body without permitting a deluge of debate. I think Mr. Garner performed on that occasion with even greater finesse than did Senator Moses because Mr. Garner did not wait for cues from the floor of the senate; he simply took charge and. knowing what the job was. saw to it that things were accomplished in record time. But the significance of this Incident should not be overlooked. It was noteworthy, of course, that the senate should pass the court bill and send it to the house in a total of six hours. It was noteworthy that the Vice President established a precedent by granting permission to senators to Include in the Congressional Record speeches they would have made if the debate had been prolonged. And yet it was the implication of the senate action that seems to me to be the most important phase of that situation. The way 1 see the picture is this: The ease with which that bill was put through demonstrates that those who opposed the original bill to add six new Justices to the Supreme court were objecting only to the court packing and not to the reforms in procedure. The bill as it becomes law provides for a number of changes in court procedure to the end that adjudication of controversy can be accomplished much more qu'gkly than has been the ease in the past It does not include any addition to the membership of the Supreme court and it does not include any provid sion for sending judges into the various circuits and districts as the White House and the Department of Justice may decide. In other words, the new law leaves the judiciary system independent and again establishes it as a coordinate branch of the government, equal in all respects to the legislative, which is congress, and the executive, which is the President and the executive departments. There can be no doubt that this piece of legislation is worthwhile although' to the layman the benefits may not immediately appear. It must be regarded. however, simply as a piece of legislation that cuts much legal red tape and those who must avail themselves of the courts or those who are forced under jurisdiction of courts will come more nearly obtaining justice than heretofore. I have said in these columns before that when the senate refused to accept the Presidents orders and pais legislation that would permit him to appoint six new justices to the Supreme court at one time, the President suffered one of the worst political defeats he has ever encountered. He probably will never meet with another such disastrous hand-picke- setback. It was obvious to the vast majority of senators and representatives and to observers here within six weeks after Mr. Roosevelt submitted the court packing bill that he could not force it through. He re fused nevertheless to admit defeat In consequence, it took nearly six months of bitter and futile wran gling in the senate to convince the President that he was on the wrong side of the question as for as public sentiment was concerned So. congress has wasted nearly all of the 1937 session on a propnsi tion for which it was not respon sibie. It may be said that congress should remain in session under those circumstances and give all of the time that is necessary to deliberation of measures before it. Yet, facts must be faced. One of these facts is that through all of the months prior to adjournment scores of members were wearing themselves down fighting against a proposition with which they could not agree. In the meantime, Washington's summer settled down. Washington's summer is a completely hot and humid summer. Most of the members of the senate and house are no longer boys of college age. They cannot withstand the physical rigors of heavy work under weather conditions that prevail in a WashThus it is not ington summer. strange at all that as July passed and August wore on, most of the members wanted to go to places more comfortable than the Capital city and that constituted a terrific urge to got rid of whatever legislation was before them with the very minimum of effort Inconsequence, there has been some very bad legislation and congress is now wholly to blame for it . mine, a doctor, who is not a politician, A friend of well-know- n knows nothing New York' a about politics a man, in short Fight his who minds own business and tries to do the best job of which he is capable, asked me a question the other day that precipitated this discussion. He asked me why the newspapers throughout the country were giving so much space, front page space at that to the political fight over the Democratic nomination for mayor in New York. My doctor friend observed that which is true, namely, that the mayor of New York is only mayor of that city and has no jurisdiction or power anywhere else; he observed as well that New York City is simply a subdivision of the state of New York and that New York state is only one state out of forty-eigin our nation. Further, he suggested that he, and he believed millions of others, could not possibly have any interest in whether Tammany or the New Deal faction of Democrats in New York City should win the nomination and their mayoralty candidate. the doctor was Superficially, right His thoughts, however, do not touch the root of that situation. Fundamentally, the battle between Tammany and the Democrats in New York is a battle between the old line, conservative Democrats throughout the nation and the New Deal faction of the party which is headed by President Roosevelt It is vitally important also to the Republicans for the reason that the Presidential election of 1940 is almost certain to be a campaign in which we will find conservatives from whatever party aligned on one hand and radicals from whatever party aligned on the other side. To that extent the New York primary and mayoralty election is the beginning of the 1940 presidential campaign. The bitterness that Is going to prevail from here on has been given something ' of a preview by the charge by Senator Copeland, the Tammany candidate, that President Roosevelt was interfering in a purely local fight Senator Copeland's activities in the senate have been almost wholly antagonistic to the President and the NeDeal generally. Where the President has been sound, as the conservatives recognize sound policies. Senator Copeland has fought alongside of the New Dealers. Otherwise, he has not concealed his opposition to radical New Deal proposals. Thus, when Senator Copeland broke openly and accused the President of stooping to local politics, he opened the way for conservatives everywhere to strike back at the political machine managed by Postmaster General Jim Farley in Mr. Roosevelt's behalf. As told. True. Secretary Marvin McIntyre of the White House staff denied that the President had talked politics with the Mahoney leaders. But the denial was not accepted by Cope-lauas being sincere, for he added: 'T am not afraid of Mr. Roosevelt's reprisals. The President enjoys a great personal popularity, but his political popularity is swiftly disd appearing. C Western Newspaper Union. sometimes straight but often curved, and frequently branching out like the roots of a tree. The commonly described "sheer lightning" is not a sheet or even a broad band at all; U is just an ordinary flush which, hidden by the density of the cloud In which It occurs, lights up a section of the duud In a "sheet." states a writer in Uia Boston Herald. Answers Panama canal office says that the Empress of Britain was the largest liner to pass through the canal. It was also the liner to pay the largest fee, .which was 1. The j I $18,941.25. 2. Ten Presidents owned slaves: Washington, Monroe, Jefferson, Madison. Jackson, Tyler, Polk, Taylor, Johnson and Grant. Lincoln never owned slaves. 3. Discovery of the simple principles of magnetism possessed by magnetite, or loadstone, was made by Chinese in 1400 B. C., or 3,500 years before magnetism was known in Europe. 4. The Great Lakes have approximately the following elevations above sea level: Superior, 602 feet; Michigan. 581; Huron, 581; Erie, 241 ; and Ontario, 246 feet. 5. A 14.1 inch cube of gold weighs a ton. Is Answers Offerinq Information on Various Subjects THE A leisure lime tributes most to the dL'rhis rug ment of the individual. youi been said, "What we earn j;schet See if J at work we put into 6. Roman senators were appointsdallioos Tuffed for life unless expelled from of- and what w'e fice for some dishonorable cause. leisure time we put into ou?nta thB 7. Contrary to general opinion, acter." Our occupations ariS1 says a specialist, there is no small ing to become more an?, 1 eye or large eye. All eyes are ap- specialized and proximately of the same size. The much of the time we arell- J reason for the apparent difference only one part of our body or?? the or orifice the other aperallowing upon depends parts h ture through which the eyes are teriorate through disuse n is seen. It is the variable diameter great need, therefore, 'feT activities to n of this opening that creates the leisure-tim-e erroneous impression of different opportunities for developing faculties which remain 2L sizes of eyes. the working period during in which 8. There are three ways salt may be secured: First, by thus build a more dividual. mining; second, by evaporation of Active recreation, such sea water; and third, by digging wells until a salt vein is struck and sports, games, dramatics then pouring water and pumping singing, develops powers of t expression, of individuality it up again as brine. initiative and of decision si ... many occupations tend to They provide a beneficial m for our natural demand forT and help to form certain fa able habits of perseverm -- one-side- d - all-aro- Household w Questions pluck, Improving Canned Grapefruit. The fiavor of canned grapefruit can be improved by aerating it, that is, pouring it from one container into another several times. quick thinking, straint and teg, Fair play learned in makes it easier to live a cW courageous and generous g Group activities also render ice to the individual by rich moting his happiness and 4, keepin Hair From his Upholstery. Removing loneliness. creasing rm. Rui Dog hair is rather difficult to ake for brush off car seats, upholstered herwise be it can Master Passion Is but readily furniture, etc., rve the removed by rubbing the surface oi the cloth with coarse sandpaper. Requisite for Master g the ru it and become To a great mastn rialreai y or Suet Pudding. For y or suet business you must be Posm< Vj, When making a pudding, instead of using a cloth by a master passion for busing a high degr send l5 wrap the pudding in double grease- It will demand on your part to be VL0ini proof paper and tie with string in courage pn the usual way. The pudding will ingly ignorant of many things s The S be much lighter and there will be that you may be master of no greasy cloth to wash after- but undeviating devotion to 1 Yorl gle pursuit is the surest say; please wards. win success and distinction io and business world. Retaining Vegetable Flavor. If you can do one vitally iir.pc Vegetables will retain more of their flavor if put on to cook in tar.t thing better than any othim,. water that has already been man can do it, you will find brought to the boiling point. Oth- constantly increasing demand tL erwise much of the flavor will your services. The thousand soak into the water. year man is never out of eWatr ployment. Grenville Kleiser. Hang the Hanging Mirrors. mirror where it adds to the size Without the Power as well as attractiveness of the was one of those men, ma; He mirg room. A couple of rors can do wonders to the small over, who possess almost evr gift except the gift of the post living room. to use them. Kingsley. WNU Service. 1 Roly-Pol- roly-pol- Youll Do It are thousands THERE A to tell you it cannot be done. There are thousands to prophesy failure; There are thousands to point out to you, one by one. The dangers that wait to assail you. But just buckle right in with a ' bit of a grin. Then take off your coat and go to it. Just start in to sing as you tackle the thing That cannot be done, and you'll do it. New York Tribune jpt t-- : t . well-hun- one house member suggested: "Senator Copeland has put fire into the fight The selection of Senator Copeland by the famous Tammany organization in New York City was the signal for the New Deal faction of the great city to take off their. coats. They promptly announced selection of New York Supreme Court Justice Mahoney as their candidate against Copeland. There are four burrough organizations behind Mahoney There is only the Tammany group behind Copeland. On the face of it it would seem that the senator cannot win. The tact seems to be. however, that there will be a rather close race lor the reason that some of the four organizations behind Ms honey mny not be able to control the Democratic votes in their bailiwicks as entirely as Tammany Hall will ronirol Democrats so long affiliated with that organization. Cer tainly. according to the best advice 1 can get, the Copeland charge against Mr. Roosevelt is likely to awing a good many Democrats to the Copeland ticket This will be so because New York City always has resented outside influences in its political battles. Senator Copeiana can be counted upon as well to broaden the charge so that Mr Far ley's tentacles in New York City politics where he has long been ac live will be made to appear like the strangling, crushing arms of an oc topus. In other words, the conscrv atives who are supporting Copeland will not let the charge of interference by the President become of less consequence any time it is re- Flash of Lightning Too is never zigzagged as It is generally to be. The bolt, as recordsupposed Quick for Eyes to See ed by cameras, is usually a streak, The lightning flash is for too quick for tlie human eye to actually see but it is so bright that it burns a distorted image on the retina which is taken fur the real flash. Probably. most flashes endure less than s thousandth of a second although multiple Hushes, a scries of (lashes along the same general path taken by the rest, may continue for as long as a second. Really, lightning owned slaves? 3. Who first discovered the principles of magnetism? 4. What are the elevations above sea level of the Great Lakes? 5. How much space does a ton of gold occupy? 6. Roman senators were ap pointed for a term of what duration? 7. Are all eyes of the same size? 8. How is salt secured? HECFtEATEl ' Cro A Quiz With BEI News of the amazing performance of Ground Grip Tire is Firestone the NEW Farmers everywhere America. rural sweeping who have seen this new tire are so enthusiastic about it that sales have been climbing steadily upward and production has been greatly increased to meet the demand. Why all this enthusiasm? Those of you who have seen the new Firestone Ground Grip Tire in action know the answer. Tests show that it will pull a plow under soil conditions where other makes of tires can pull only a plow. The I tread gives greater traction and . better action. It will not pack the soil in fact, it leaves a mulch on the surface of the tread track that prevents rapid evaporation of moisture in the soil. These ntn also show up to 30ft more available drawbar pull on dry sod, up to 40 more on dry plowed ground, up to 50 more on wet plowed ground any other tire tested. three-botto- two-botto- rau- HATER BRAWIAR PULL m Increased height of the new Ground Grip tread and the and m improved design spacing of the heavy traction lugs result in much greater drawbar self-cleaning pulL EATER TRACTION The Increased thn widi Only in Firestone Tires do you get so many patented y features. The Ground Grip Tread is patented and is of specially compounded rubber which resists the action of sun, rain and snow. g is a patented Firestone Process, by which every fiber of every cord in every ply is saturated with liquid rubber which gives added strength to resist the strain of heavy pulling. The Two Extra extra-qualit- Gum-Dippin- d Cords Layers of under the tread are paten ted. This Firestone construction feature binds, the tread and cord body into one inseparable unit. Gum-Dippe- fienetrationof the Grip tread give a deeper bite" resulting in greater traction. EATER FUEL SAVINGS Testa allow aaving of as much as 50 I in with EATER TIMS SAVINGS Tha increased traction enables you to cover much greater acreage in a day. WEATHER-PROOFE- You want and need ALL these features. Only Firestone has them! See this new tire at your nearest Firestone Implement Dealer, Tire Dealer or Auto Supply & Service Store today. D The Ground Grip Tread la peclai made of weather-resistin- g rubber which, is unaffected by hot sun, rain or snow. Lhten to the Voice of Ffrestonej Monday evening s over Nationwide N.D.C. Red Network L.H QBB uaaIiuJ SEEfla BP - rrrm arnmff Uuiyrigbt UUt, FirariMM Xu U lluWwr C Unbi |