Show ak A i I 1 1 0 t i I 1 Ne ano ir ov I 1 car of fr e ers s congress guide I 1 r P I 1 k 1 1 I 1 I 1 to r fa r m and f le gi I 1 I 1 I 1 urges creation of federal board to R cope with agricultural problem it I 1 1 1 i I 1 executive asks reapportionment I 1 1 receive notice 1 11 1 1 I 1 I 1 I 1 I 1 I 1 f president hoover informed congress 1 I 1 I 1 or of what he expects abe extra session to do la in the way ol of farm lr re I 1 I 1 liet and tariff revision and also recommended I 1 ammon om mended ded enactment of legislation to I 1 I 1 I 1 I 1 suspend th tho national origins clause ot of I 1 tho the immigration act provide tor for t ca congressional rea reapportionment 1 p ment and for i the taking of af the 1930 census creation of a federal farm do board ard I 1 I 1 with authority and fuade suM sufficient clent to copo cope with all causes ot of agricultural 1 did distress iriss formed d thu thet accles of his recommendation 1 ommen dation s on the farm farin problem in his first communication to con grosi which was transmitted by in messenger aai and read in the house and senate by clerks il erks I 1 Counsell counseling ni congress to limit tariff I 1 changes I 1 0 o inges to those industries whore where C t been a decrease ot of employ ment duo due to insurmountable compe I 1 I 1 truon la in the products of those int I 1 I 1 destries dus trIes the chief executive declared I 1 I 1 trade relations with other countries count I 1 should be taken into account in r ro 0 k 4 customs duties I 1 f minority leaders generally gave no tice ot of a fight over tariff revision and I 1 particularly on the pr proposition position 0 0 of ca coni I 1 I 1 the tariff commission as a rate 1 finding body with its ita recommendations I 1 I 1 subject to final approval by the presly I 1 dent t As outlined by the prest president dont the 1 pledged purpose of tho the fed federal e r al farm A t board would be the reorganization it of I 1 4 the mar marketing keang system on more stable ind and more economic nii d lii lines lidies ies it would hato nave authority to assist in hi creating I 1 end and sustaining farmer owned and ana aiato iato I 1 mer mar controlled agencies tor for d varle I 1 I 1 of 0 purposes I 1 I 1 some soma of these purposes as envisioned by mr hoover would bo be the I 1 r I 1 orderly marketing of surpluses asca oc ca I 1 1 1 I 1 I 1 sto cloned ea by climatic variations or by I 1 I 1 harvest congestion in creation of of clear ing houses especially yo tor perishable perl I 1 products acquisition oi oj i adequate ade guate 1 warehousing and other facilities tor fai I 1 1 marketing and adequate working cap I 1 1 italio lit alto be advanced against t co commo amo I 1 1 1 dittos lodged tor for storage 4 1 I 1 it if also was proposed that the ifie board be authorized 61 to dw I 1 of economic betterment for the farmer s 1 so as to furnish guidance as aa to need 1 lin ia production reduction to devise methods tor for h W 7 elimination vt ot S 1 4 lands and their to other jq 1 uses and to deven develop industrial byproducts I 1 1 tho the president defit surprised con congress gresi I 1 somewhat with a SWO sweeping recommend I 1 1 dation for a reorganization of the tarl i 1 1 1 iff and the formulation i I 1 of a now new basis tor for its operations so 1 that administrative changes chang esi in rates 71 1 of duty may be made in montain montuin instead of years yeara as has beon been the c case ise 1 I 1 since alnee tho the flexible provision became I 1 I 1 effective in 1922 4 1 I 1 tho the chief reco recommends I 1 tlona on oa farm relief in ili his ISOO 1601 word 1 message drew praise from republican 11 leaders la in the house ond and senate were I 1 assailed as aa nebulous by bi the tha demo brauc leaders and proved disappoint I 1 1 ling has to some of the tha senate group of V independents independent republicans I 1 senator brookhart of rowa iowa who I 1 11 I 1 1 1 made many speeches f 0 or r sir mi hoover 11 jin in the tha f farm a rm belt last fall all said the presidents position now yris was sistine with that after the world war I 1 I 1 when as food administrator we he bought and sold grain through the ha grain cor po horation pora ration Uon a government organization I 1 4 4 A senator Norb ocl of south dakota 1 q rf said bald wr mr hoover shows as muth much seq sym lil I 1 I 1 pathy tor for the er as did president coolidge and states hla his fully t I 1 as well ell r f having reached the senate chamber too lato late to hear all of aha mes afes 4 1 sago sage read senator barah of idaho withheld comment xi H wai was one of the foremost the equalization f fee as aye system tem of fann fabin bellof cam 1 I 1 paig ned through the west westfor for hoover and had a strong voice in the ilie calling 4 I 1 of the extra session I 1 I 1 representative tilson of 4 cut and senator watson ot of indiana majority leaders in the house and senate found the recommendations of I 1 I 1 the president to their liking I 1 I 1 safeguards should be provided mr ilo hoovers overs mc coage to tho the special of congress to the congress of the united states I 1 have called this special session of e congress to redeem two pledges given la the last election farm and limited changes in the tariff I 1 the difficulties of the agricultural 1 industry arise out of a multitude of I 1 I 1 causes jk A heavy indebtedness was I 1 inherited by the industry from I 1 the tha I 1 deflation pr of 1920 bisor f aberly aberly cud ana W rue luelli 14 0 As of i keun K hav 0 developed ahe olne growing r 1 ln in the indus industry has tor for years been increasing the proportion of products that now leave tha the tarm I 1 and in consequence prices haver been beesa I 1 so 0 it U unduly daparma eased by c bethi g at the harvest or by the oc f P 4 cabelo nal Jimi fre s aur pluses railway rates haven i isa rilY increased 1 there Thore baa hast boon been a aerow growth th 0 11 11 1 atio n tn in the world bareg from coun caun I 1 tries that edjor cheaper la labor or or mae inora I 1 y 41 nearly fiet ay virgin solla Ther therl lit waa a great expansion of f production from our mai mar i landa I 1 aurang jhb t bb wt war ir and I 1 these I 1 1 g 7 1 1 I 1 I 1 I 1 I 1 i 1 1 I 1 L I 1 I 1 I 1 I 1 I 1 I 1 K 11 Q 1 1 1 1 1 z 11 11 j tg R X X I 1 T r 11 I 1 ft k eier I 1 A 3 A V M 4 I 1 1 1 J 1 I I 1 I 1 I 1 I 1 1 I 1 f I 1 1 1 I I 1 I 1 I 1 P 1 I 1 I 1 I 1 U I 1 1 I 1 A A JC profitable table enterprises under normal condIt conditions ioni ba maintained meanwhile their output outa qt tends to aggravate the situation L voz OA cal taxes iava davd doubled and in 80 soma 1 a cases trebled work animals have ie replaced placed by mechanical ces th thereby decreasing I 1 tho the con of falip awn products there the re I 1 ato aro ny other contti contributing buting causes i t the gc general nerl result has been that our agricultural industry hw has not kept kepi i pace in prosperity or standards of living with other lines of industry thera the being no disagreement as lio to the tha nee need d of far farm in i relief the ard problem b lam beloro beffie us ua becomes on one it ot of me method thild by which relief may brought about because of the mul of causes and because bec atile agriculture la Is nott not one industry but at ai ot of Indu industries we aro are coffron confronted ted not with a single problem alone but a great noih number arof of problems therefore there thero I 1 la is no bina idelah ar or principle that can be generally I 1 applied some pt of tiro the forces working to the detriment of agriculture ire can bo greatly mitigated I 1 by y improving our wa waterway i tran ran 1 i some onie of them by readjust 1 t ament eat odthe tariff y better understanding 1 der and adjustment of production needs and some by improvement in the methods ln of m marketing k an effective tariff upon agricultural products that will compensate the tha farmer fa r me s i higher costs co sis and higher stan darda af 41 living haka 1 dual ua pur vir P pose as 0 hsuch 8 V ch a h tariff I 1 y protects prot ecta tho the farmer in our domestic i market i but it also stimulates him ahlm to td diver sity alti hla his crops and td grow product a that ha 16 could not se produce and taya 10 lessens ens hl upon p pom I 1 ii 0 0 forel foreign agn mar margete mark F elg kete 11 the great expansion of production abroad udder the conditions I 1 have mentioned foreign cam competition p e t 1 II in our export ma markets reefs iacre a as sa angly serious it ai seems but natural tural therefore that the american barmer ta having been greatly handicapped in ili his foreign market by such expanding nj countries should sh ask thit that foreign ac c chess esa to ow tic ma market arket s should bo uld be ba cegula regulated ted by taking into ac account couitt I 1 our pro I 1 1 I 1 I 1 the pledged purpose of 0 such a federal eral farm board Is tho the reorganization ot of tho the marketing system on it sounder oriler a and n 4 more mord stable and more economic mies lines I 1 to do this the board fiill re I 1 quire funds to 9 assist la 14 creating and sustaining farmer i owned I 1 V and farmer controlled a agencies farj tor a yar variety I 1 ety qt purposes a such ait as the acquisition ou of adb adequate quate warehousing and other taj tor fot marketing adequate working capital to ba advanced ai against fiust I 1 commodities lodged fori for storage 0 nee and prudent advances to corporations po created cheated and owned 1 by far ar moral organizations for the purchase and marketing jat af surpluses Y yar ar 7 lablona ot by harvest co fige to aut horrie the creation arid support rt ot clearing houses especially ipe lally tor able products through under aler producers produce ra approval coo loiz can bo be established with distributors and processors ors to 0 moro more orderly marlieta marl ieti ng ot of commodities and top ithe elimination ot of mahy nad and to stoyle tor pt handlers ot of perishable 1 prod slite abt as to ell eliminate int uette unfair P 49 alc tlc e q very ery I 1 4 penny of bf waste between farmer aj and consumer that wa we cass can eliminate whether it arises from methods method s of als win will bea a both both tac mi mer er and tid consumer I 1 1 in addition to in the direction of improved returns the ae board should be organized to investigate every field of economic irole betterment for the farmer so go as to furnish guara guar dance ance as to need in production to devise demise methods for elimination elii mi nation of unprofitable marginal i lands and their adoption to other uses to develop industrial products byproducts by and to survey a score of other fields of help helpfulness falness ful ness I 1 certain safeguards must naturally surround una these activities s and thein mentalities that are areal bated ceri tain altal principles must be adhered to 10 in order that we e may not under mine the freedom of auf our fath nera A and as a whole by creais ur eaiS i a cratie cratic and do domination cinatl an and d interference rf irnee ya p must 1 ast no mine initiative there should shaul lt no fee or tax imposed upon the farmer ei no governmental agency should shot ifil eh gago iii tho the buying and fiellin gr and price biln fixing of products jor for such cruises can lad ly bureaucracy and domination government Gofern ment funds I 1 I 1 4 1 4 I 1 f i I 1 1 should not I 1 bo loaded or facil facilities itle st dup lica fed where ola other services of credit end facilities are available at rea reasonable sol rates no activities should be set act in motion that will result ill fil increasing the surplus production as such will defeat any plans of relief tho the most progressive movement in all agriculture has haa been the up ulla in ing the farmers fa own marketing pr or which now embrace nearly farmers in membership and annually distribute nearly worth of furm farm products these organizations have acquired experience peri ence cd in virtually every branch of t gieir industry try and fu furnish anish a substantial basis upon which to build further organization not all these roar mar organizations are farmer owned or farmer controlled in order orde r to strengthen and not to undermine them all proposals for governmental assistance should originate with such auch or and bo be the result of their application moreover by such euch bases of organization the tha government will be removed from en engaging in the bustness business of agriculture 4 the difficulties of agriculture cannot be cured in aa e day they cannot hll all be cured by legislation le 9 isolation they can hot be cured by the federal government I 1 alone but farmers and their organizations can be assisted oscr como come these inequalities every effort of this character is an ah experiment and we shall ahall find from our experience the way to further ad advance vanco we must make a start starl with tha creation of i a great instrumentality of this chi character acter ofa strength and importance equal to I 1 eliat tha c of f those which wo we havo created for transport transportation atio n and ill banking we alvo immediate assurance of thi the determined beier purpose of the government oram ent to ni meet e atthe the difficulties of I 1 which we are now aware and to create creata an agency through which I 1 constructive action for the illas future will voll reassured be assured in this treatment of this grobi problem e in wo we recognize the responsibility of ih the I 1 people alo i a a and we shall lay the foundations for foi a new hawd day a y in agriculture 1 I from w which aich W we a 6 shall hall pr preserve ej e to the nation n the jre great at values of its individuality and strengthen our whole national fabric 11 r in considering the tariff for other industries than agriculture wo we find that there havo have been economic economics shifts birta necessitating a readjustment of somo some of f the tariff it schedules seven years of experience under tho tariff ia bill enacted n acted in 1922 have demonstrated tho the wisdom of congress in tho the enact enactment mint of f that i 71 re on the tha whole droll 1 heili We Ili in hi tho main our VV wadea wa J gea aavo been maintained ig IV aims lf au our r e exports x arts and imports have steade steadily ly Inci increased ased i with ith some coma exceptions our manufacturing ng industries have been 1 atos pe nevertheless economic changes have taken bla pi ace ce i during that time w which havo placed certain domestic products at a disadvantage ayd n new i dw industries have come into bea jaff og Ja alft of creates the necessity ty changes la in the schedules and in ili the ibb administrative clauses of tle laws as written I 1 in 1922 i no discrimination I 1 against any foreign industry is imiyo involved ived in eq equal ising the tha difference in cos costs ti 8 of f P ard rd r duration at li home om 6 arid and abro ioia d fend thus us taking I 1 ce tho advantages advantage i thy daiv o from p pang pangs a i s I 1 gocr 6 t cr wages to JA jabor borrin indeed I 1 e 4 cb hi h i is a not ot kaily waki af social iltis justice 10 ata at amab om Ab bt y zave taip kiaei to al 0 of I 1 11 liens ni wo 0 increase tho tha remand demand those I 1 I 1 oada goods fro n abroad that we wa do not of pur ourselves selves produce iri in berra dienso ia ve hava learnia learned that the cheapening of the toiler decreases rather than promotes ro permanent pr prosperity bec because awa it I 1 powei power 6 odthe ha people v iri in deVey determining mining changes tn ln oui tariff fail to take into account tha broad interests of the country ii as a a nd sah sach interests as our trade relations relation s wath arth other countries I 1 is I 1 wh which aih sacrifice efti amount ment in n export iio gain a 9 less leis amount of e employment M all ayme A from imports import f I 1 I 1 am fm impressed with vit knief act ahat wo we also need aril Ye vision in somo C of athi the of the tariff the tha |