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Show PVYSOX. THE PAYSON CHKONKl ,K. VICTORY IN EUROPE! hi Germany Forced to Capitulate After Six Years of Fighting: Allies Face Big Job in Pacific People Deciding Factor Of Security Conference Heed of Public Will to Build Effective Barrier Iarsle, Notes of an Innocent or-tre- ss Scrvii c, Union Trust Building, Washington, I). CON Ft R ENCK KADQl'A R- 1 ERS, SAN f RANCISCO -- The t to which deliberations of the Uii'tod Notions cot. ft rente on inter n.ilionil organization will he a suc-ci- s can iiow be readily predicted All we need is a master mathemathe tic nra who will solve for "x unknown. The proposition is simple: let m qual one molotov, s equal one e equal one eden. The equation reads: m over s plus e equals x Solve for x, the unknown power of the will of the people. We have a certain amount of corollary data to help us. In 1815 there was a meeting called the Congress of Vienna. It was fabulously attended by kings, princes. czar and an emperor as well as the ministers and diplomats who ran Europe at the time. It convened for cx-te- stet-tiriiu- very definite purposes, including the checking for all time certain dangerous tendencies which were beginning to make themselves felt. One matter which had really brought about the conference was the defeat Unfortuof Napoleon Bonaparte. nately there was a sudden reappearance of that gentleman, who broke his bonds of servitude at Elba, to play a short but fearsome return engagement This threat of the return of an upstart dictator who managed to provide himself with a crown based on no more divine right than was supplied by his legions caused the congress its jitters but didnt interfere with the frolicsome tenor of its ways. It had been a decade cf headaches for crowned heads. There was the French revolution, quashed by that time, it is true, but a dangerous threat to the ermine. There was the strange government which would have no traflic with kings at all which seemed to be prospering across the seas in the wilds of America. And then this highly irieverent attitude toward the divine right of kings. It was all very important to the delegates at Vienna but like the soldier on guard here at the conference building In San Francisco it was confusing, so they let George do it. Thousands of Souls Traded at Congress And so at Vienna with all the protocol and deference in the world, Talleyrand took over. He let the congress dance. He ran it, divided up the spoils; traded so many thousand "souls" for so many thousand others, for thus he referred to the various sections of Europes population he was playing with. He called them souls but he didnt even consider them human beings with human rights. They had nothing to say about it and they said It, silently. A year less than a century later who there arose another war-lorhad forgotten nothing and learned nothing concerning European dictatorships. One of the best Jobs of wrecking civilization up to that time was achieved by Kaiser Wilhelm and the world had to get together again to see what could be done about it again. They met in Paris in 1919. This time the twilight of the kings had become so thick that scepters were decidedly out, but considerable change had taken place in the intervening century. At the Congress of Vienna there was not a single constitutional government, except that of Britain, represented. There was no freedom of the press, and d no public opinion. At Paris the Allied press was hardly free of its wartime censorship but managed to stir up considerable excitement and the government-controlleFrench papers made plenty of trouble for Wilson. The people were conscious of their desires but still not entirety vocal. The conference was soon tossed from the delegates to smaller and smaller groups and finally reached "The Big Three" Wilson, Lloyd George and Clemenceau, and the greatest of these as a negotiator, was Clemenceau. He had more opposition than Talleyrand, perhaps, but he certainly was no less sucd cessful. Then came the interlude BARBS in-c- powers. Offered to Russia as well as the U. S. and Britain after earlier futile efforts to split the Allies by approaching the alone, Germanys surrender took place atGeneral Eisenhowers headquarters in the little red school- The weather was so fine for most cf tlie conferen that the natives almost lost that important word "unusual" fren their vocabularies. ' before. ll blah-by-bla- h Anglo-America- -- v a- ,urvMrnfriy,',1 wo i g i expcdi-escape- First, to evaluate the "m in our equation, it is necessary to take a look which goes back to Paris 1919 and even reveals faint images of 1815. There is no question that m (standing for Molotov) was the conference at San Francisco in the early period, at least, but there was a vast difference between his operations and those of Clemenceau. Clemenceau could and did unloose a bag of traditional diplomatic tricks on Lloyd George and Wilson and soon proved that his gallic hands were quicker than two eyes. pairs of anglo-saxo- n Clemenceau wanted security for France and elimination of Germany as a competitor in world industry. Molotov wants security for Russia, elimination of any danger of political competition from the "capitalistic" countries. But he wears no gloves, kid or otherwise. This, perhaps, is not because he, personally, is Inept in the amenities of diplomatic relations, but rather because he is under orders, with no latitude of compromise whatever unless Stalin grants it. And Russia, an outlaw among nations after the Bolshevik revolution, has only begun to take its first faltering steps beyond the pale of its own prejudices and preoccupations. And the bear steps furtively, blinded by suspicion, hypersensitive because of past doubts and fears. whitb-glove- By the second day of the conference Molotov had deeply grieved the Latin Americans. When the suave and persuasive Ezequil Padilla, Mexican foreign minister, in urging tlie election of Secielary Stettimus as president of the conference remarked that it was merely following diplomatic procedure and courtesy to elect the representative of the country playing host to the conference, Molotov is said to have replied that he hoped no one was trying to give him lessons in diplomatic procedure and as for courtesy this was not a tea party. Molotov Is the commissar's It is an old communist custom to take pseudonyms, e g. "Stalin," man of steel." Molotov means hammer." And that is what the benevolent-lookingentleman from Moscow wields, not the rapier of the diplomatist. Thus, when he 'controlled" the conference, he did it as a man swinging a hammer might the rest had to get out of the way. But hammer swinging is not always successful The raoier wielders in the case I mentioned quickly circumvented the issue of the conference presidency by obtaining an agreement that there would be four presidedents as the hammer-swinge- r manded but their powers would all be delegated to Mr. Stettinius to conduct the business of the conference. Todays Talleyrand has much to learn in the school of soft gloves. And so we come to the delta, the strength of the spirit of the people. As I wrije these lines within the building where the committee meetings take place, the fate of the conference has not been settled but I am assuming it is about to conclude, having achieved its job which was merely to complete a blue print for world organization. Its later effects cannot yet be assayed. But I can say at this point with absolute t assurance that if the is not produced the peoples of the various representatives will figuratively fall upon their delegates and tear them limb from limb. If the blueprint is produced and if the organization operates effectively and successfully the credit goes to the demos the "absent voters" at San Francisco, who had no vote at Vienna and didnt know how to use what they had at Paris. And so the task of our mathematician becomes the task of the metaphysicist. He must dwcover the power of the spirit of the people. "nom-de-guerre- g These are the men Roosevelt, Truman, Stalin and Churchill, who were responsible in directing the victory against Germany. Truman, committed to the Roosexelt foreign relation policies, together with btalln and (burchiii, will direct the I niled Nations in plans for world s peace. house in Reims, France, at 2:41 a. m., May 7, with Lt. Gen. Walter Bedell Smith accepting Col. Gen. Gustav Jodis capitulation. Later the surrender was ratified at Russian headquarters in battered Berlin, with Marshal Gregory Zhukov participating for the Reds. Grand Adm. Karl Doenitzs order to German troops to x since the bulk of the cease firing came as a sort of Nazis forces already had laid down their arms in the face of the Allied avalanche. April 29, 1,000,000 Nazis surrendered in northern Italy and western Austria; May 4, another 1,000,-00- 0 gave up in Holland and Denmark, and on May 5, 400,000 quit in southern Germany. anti-clima- As the German officers formally admitted defeat, neither they nor the beaten countrys new ministers entertained any illusions as to the character of the Allied terms, with Foreign Minister Count Ludwig Schwenn Von Kro-sig- k telling the people: . Nobody must deceive himself on the harshness of the terms. . . . Nobody must have any doubt that heavy sacrifices will be demand, ed from us in all spheres of life.... Thus did the European war come to its end six years after the mighty German army, striking at the unprepared western powers, rolled through Poland; levelled the lowlands and France, and then turned back to the east again to challenge giant Russia. As the Germans capitulated, behind them lay the remnants of a once army, which, like Napoleons, underestimated the vast steppes of Russia, and then found the U. S. and Britain gathering force behind its bark; behind them lay Germanys blackened cities and shattered railway lines, pulverized by Allied aerial attacks; and behind them In the ruins of Berlin reportedly lay Adolf Hitlers dead body. naBecause of the ture of the formal surrender, and also because of the premature announcement of the capitulation days before, some of the edge had been removed from the great event, with the result that the nation accepted stiff-necke- A PROCLAMATION Here is a partial text of President Trumans victory proclamation: The Allied armies, through sacrifice and devotion and with Gods help, have wrung from Germany a final and unconditional surrender. The western world has been freed of the evil forces which for five years and longer have imprisoned the bodies and broken the lives of millions upon millions of freeborn men. "Much remains to be done. The victory won in the west must now be won in the east. The whole world must be cleansed of the evil from which half the world has been freed. "For the triumph of spirit and of arms which we have won and for its promise to people everywhere who join us in the love of freedom, it is fitting that we as a nation give thanks to Almighty God, who has strengthened us and given us the victory. Now, therefore, I Harry S. Truman, President of the United States of America, do hereby appoint Sunday, May 13, 1945, to be a day of prayer. "I call upon my countrymen to dedicate this day of prayer to the memory of those who have given their lives to make possible our victory. HARRY au fet ith o X10 jud mid-194- peace-wTecke- hu- mid-Jul- HtU. 3 Its sue S. TRUMAN. powerful bridgehead immediately below the vital Ruhr district and on the edge of the rolling plains leading eastward to Berlin. As the 1st army's bold move threw n bkie-prin- d g the German command off balance, the remaining Allied forces in the west soon poured over the Rhine, last formidable water barrier guard-ithe heart of the reich. While British and Canadian troops struck out against eastern Holland and the North sea ports, the U. S. 9th army set about reducing the Ruhr valley while one wing of the 1st joined in the attack and another kept step with Lt. Gen. George Pattons famed armored columns dashing eastward across the reich. Meanwhile, the U. S. 7th and the French 1st armies drove into the Nazis' mythical redoubt in the Bavarian Alps. GEN. DWIGHT D. EISENHOWER As the American and British Man of the Hour. armies slashed through the German the news with restraint As Ger- positions and turned to their rearto isolate the enemy into sepmanys fall was substantiated, peo- ward arate pockets, the whole enemys ple looked to tlie east, where the front lost its coherence, contributJaps still remain to be defeated and the entire resources of the navy and ing to the disintegration of Nazi rewell over 6.000,000 troops may be sistance. With whole groups of German needed to assure victory. With America scheduled to take troops entrapped without hope of their defense vaover the occupation of central and reinforcement, ried, with the majority of the oldwestern Germany and western Ausmore practical men giving up tria in accordance with Allied plans er, upon being cornered while younger to maintain strict supervision over fanatics carried on in the face of the country until a thoroughly democratic administration can be estab- overwhelming odds. Meanwhile, the Russians had lished, U. S. military authorities figure on the detention of 400.000 Yanks drawn up along the banks of the Oder river from the Baltic clear down in Europe. to Silesia, while still other Red The first big break that signalized armies thrust eastward Germany's disintegration was the Czechoslovakia and Austria.through Once U. S. 1st armys surprise capture of the Russians opened their all-oatthe Ludendorff bridge spanning the tack on Berlin, in the face of the Rhine below Cologne, permitting Lt Nazi collapse in the west, the giant Gen. Courtney Hodges to build up a pincer was near its close. Twice taken to war in 25 years B k h a ge and twice defeated, with nothing to OFFICIAL WORD show but the anguish and sufferWhen the real Day came, ing of conflict, the mass of the GerIt wasn't entirely western hospi- most U. S. citizens got absolute man people in American and British of news the before confirmation tality we found, when the taxi doors occupied territory accepted unconflew open when we were ready to starting victory celebrations. They ditional surrender with a get out they were automatically remembered the false reports of that masked their inner stolidity feelings 28. that had April swept controlled by the driver. Perhaps Saturday, Fast of the FIbe river where the some of the fares had left too in- over the nation only to be climaxed Reds sto d guard, however, the by a White House denial of the peace formally in tlie past. tread in apprehension rumor Pres Harrs S Tiuman said potnlace o' er fear of reprisal for tlie Nazis All hign in shortages was reached at that time that he had been in conof Russia in four vears tact with General E sorhower and devastation when a San Francisco restaurant of bitter warfare Previously, many was "no that there foundation" ran out of orange Juice. of the people had tried to for the , peace report escape to the west, only to be turned back. V-- Some of the foreign delegates to the San Francisco conference thought they had got into the wrong pew. Looking at all the moving picture cameras around the place, they thought they were in Hollywood. ft J'j coffee dlp of ere 'J Ihe Wireless: RadiosIs coverage Just The Loginning aces. all rla Francisconfab of the San tail siriggle known S.jte.n-b,- r The news analysts are turning the r s teicraiy settheas German minds inside out and !;Ight bles, pockets of their 1919, the day Wl sve an peace prob- Two days Poland. perplexing iU,d resenting jq.j j ei lines ri space m declared They admirable clarity. 'hind with E krr.s dt r F : a ;ce and are driving home the issues which on Ct nr. Wash egg beat,, Polish, will affect every American home, tor tat lies flatter ed Bi.zk-K- g the than immediately more soothing month. Nothing ttn.n a itiistai.il' in le s de- - graters with hot avers shortw uf Nazi "phoney half year Inin btdan p In tlie scrtption of Verminy's dying gasps, A vacuum Cei' the Magi. ot hue war adroit oer-r. Commentator Baukhages troops German 19t0 f Si iong cord may recent His deli' cry packs a wallop. d Denmark, ft icing N rw ..v the fluffy See(Js interment of the FDRs .n May radio report eat the Bntish Daily your lawn. the entire landed In the Congressional Record. that ramiaig-and Rita Hayworths world opened IMlond, Belgium A Quick and chuck- elf cat tulated by the with Cholly McCarthy kept the w mdows is tnen France to . . Talk .me in on les rolling at a swift pace. . n lddle of June Iaiy i - and rub over bestA current faces. about crimson Gt rman;. 's si :e The Bn'ish de seller moans that America Is skid- - damp day. t.oiiaiy Mice baiely The tomes ding Into "collectivism. struct'on at Dunkerque on the Chi. Round author appeared the saw 1940, September, Table and was asked to give a clear massed air attacks on Britain He definition of "collectivism. a for by winch Hitler hoped the flunked query. off held quick victory. The RU the Nazi bombers until winter, Memos for a Scrapbook: In a litwhen weather brought a slackerary weekly John Mason Brown autumn ening of attacks. That has embroidered a delightful bit of the period 1940 was probably of "Praise has never in civilization literary lace: of gravest peril to We like it made unhappy. anyone almost Britain renturies. many do not believe it. We we when even succumbed. tire of it only when it Is bestowed 1941 Nazi During the spring of on other people. It Is muto too long troops smashed into the Balkans sic we do not object to having played aid the Italians, invading Yugoslavia Although It may shame offstage. and Greece. Bulgaria joined the Axis our consciences and Insult our voluntarily. Germany controlled all minds, lt does no damage to our of continental Europe excepting ears. Russia by the middle of the year. Without warning on June 22, Nazi Between the Book Ends: Top-fligarmies crossed the Russian border reporter Ira Woffert has captured in a tremendous drive. the sordid tragedy, flaming courage As alarmed America prepared for and shining hopes of the current defense, Japan attacked without struggle via "American Guerrilla in Hathe Philippines" (Simon & Schuster). warning at Pearl Harbor in the waiian islands and the U. S. was This slam-banchronicle of Lt. I. D. immediately at war with both Japan Richardsons exploits creates a spirand Germany. itual glow. . . . Most timely Is A. E. Kahn and Michael Sayers "The Plot maAmerican By Against the Peace" (Dial Press). rines stopped the Japs on GuadHere are the names of the fascist British the Africa In alcanal. and their battle halted the drive on the Suez Kpllogg'i Rice strategy. . . . Morris L. Ernsts The canal and counterattacked sucKnspicf equal Yet a offers Is Best whole npe series the deRussians sizzling epic cessfully. The m nearly gram of essays. His most crushing hayfense of Stalingrad stalled the all the protective food elmakers land on the few presstitutes German thrust into the Caucaements declared In our midst. Such journalists can sus. The tide had turned. essentia) to cover their depravity with lofty man nutrition In the fall American and British rhetoric, but they cant hide their in Africa. uanded northern troops shame. The great Russian counteroffensive began in February of 1943. It A. Quotation Marksmanship: when rolled fiercely until Ward: Let us all be happy and live the retreating Nazis stiffened and within our means, even If we have brought it to a standstill in central to borrow money to do it with. . . Meanwhile Poland. the air offensive R. C. Sherrif : The telephone be from the British Isles was battergan calling out like a spoiled child, and German cities ing ports, pre- and he hurried off to soothe It. . . paratory to the invasion. Parker: She said her words June 6, 1944, was the big day the Dorothy with every courtesy to each of them, invasion of western Europe from as if she respected language. . . . England After landing on the coast The Jergens Journal: And so I reof France, American and British main Your New York CorrespondLike Ti troops battled inland. Almost all ent who, in this babble of tongues France was under Allied control by found out that Eden means garNovember, 1944. Advance tank units just Molotov means hammer, Stalin den, were attacking on the German bormeans steel and Truman means der by December. A substantial business. ! Molotov Lives Up To His Name by I war in history, bowed the knee unconditionally to the Allied tir i and the t( n po of the world eased so that it provided another win Id war w tuch called for another international gathering within 2G another years, came Sun Fiaticn-co- . "IRg Three" and the growing but still the uikiown x," the power of the peoj lc Vienna, i h 1 proud By BAUKHABH imihit and (.ummenlntnr. N L' Icci Bystander: wil ten .fe- - of the Eleven hard and bitter months after General Dwight D. Eisenhowers armies smashed through the ramparts of "ror.ee Europe to set foot upon French soil, Germany s wehrmacht, weakened after six years of the bloodiest Against Future Wars Marks Deliberations From Past Parleys. or Wt(-- German counteroffensive was checked as the year ended. On March 2 the American Ninth army reached the Rhine river. Within two weeks this great natural de- fense line was crossed Racing tank corps smashed to the Elbe river, 30 miles from Beilin, and halted to await junction with the Russians. This signal e'ent took place on April 27. Far to the south, American and Russian armies were roaring through Ausma to seal off southern Germany Organized resistance crumbled as German soldiers gave up in enormous numbers. We have won a war, but there is still another one to win. Before we can win the war against Japan, there is the gigantic problem of supply and moving the troops from the European theater to the Pacific. The army estimates that 5,000,000 foot soldiers will be needed to defeat Japan Our entire navy and air forces will be required. Some men will be released from service the individuals w,U be determined on total service, overseas service combat service and number of de' pendents. The bulk of the army will not be released Divisions will be regrouped to bring them up to combat It will take several monhsstiengh to or ganize troops, crate and pack equipment before the units ready to sail against Japan. Some divisions will be lucky They wiU be routed through the United while States, others will sail .he Panama canal direct to athrough Pacif- lailded ,C. port' the United Mates will be given some leave. About Four Months The divisions that sad dire'et to the Pacific will arrive about fne months after Day. It wff take after landing to c' eck all weeks eQiun ment, for additional shipping tQ available to bring necessary . material Training for a new tv of warfare must be undertaken Japan has 6 000 000 troops uhlch nave not et n.et combat fr nur forces The are ur an calling additional r V-- ,l!.un She qq.pv will Ce another necessary Thecp have all had youth train ng 2.000.000 "hen INSUL for Your Ik d server. Hold Stalingrad! Just another unsung, unknown hero Japs Face Allied Power ready for us Stalingrad rocked under a murderous barrage. Late one night, a creaking ferryboat, piloted by a wheezened old was boatman, smashed by a shell. The old man and a young lieutenant aboard were thrown Into the river. The heavily-packesoldier started to go down. . . "Here, shouted the old man, Take this life and preserver, looped it over the officers shoulder. The lieutenant tried to push it away. t0P' .vo fool, screamed the boatman. "I'm old my arm is missing. Im through. But youre young and can fight. Take the pre- ...When you U JUACA the Amazing Fast Dry Yeast. Use Just like Yeast! Compressed in the fight for Decency. "Yes maam! Using soe derful polic- ybi for your policy Counter-Attack- velous : Little Inna Bentago is a orphan. Her father killed at me front. Her mother by a Nazi 0n Red Army Day n the other children in her kindergar- ten class were busy writing letters to their fathers or brothers, kina came sobbing to Natasha Zemskaya. er teacher. I have no Daddy and or,e ' write to. Natasha com- 1 ,e, cb'd and her t0 write to Lt Alexander Kuksenok. . . . quick-risinb you turn out ptfjtd with a rich golden! velvety-smoot- to h OLE-F- DELICIOUS VOR! Maca helps yw wily, i1 too... require Use it or recipes. use compressed yes' td heir? laboriusly poured her into a scrawling letter. Soon she received an answer. Dont you t e Inna wrote the lieuten-rotn now on I'm broth-aJ r your sending you a little gift. Love. Alex. . . I good girl. rote 10 newly Suddenly the let opped. After several weeks, eci ived a note. It was signed hundred soldiers and said: killed- - but do not ilS aSt WiSh Was for adoEtpH sister. s feel . . hanJ? nowVoihar6"8 - hundred and write to us. Love Every pacing piece protocol ?- lady,!'1, So success ins doni, Returns rna everywhere got to S n, 1 ,SC7rutinizinS ',d been 1 So f overseas that e have it. if of the Obs origin R P. S. thing about' the sticMhe8 frabfr Sc SViPt newsPaPt man hls talk with a Ger rltes man He (the serSeant ped ouVtv, r:'r,ve the trips to e J S |