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Show I l V' sc .sklktL 4fWjv4 Ma-w- a- S r Jb4r -- - 5fP ,I. : .. u .A&aa I 1 1 sf Crow Has I aken the Warpath! pile Rf-- j t I SCOTT WATSON By ELMO E tnrvTY-FlV- years ago this summer was a E of the United States of mv time for the people were still smarting under the a rica They of Popes army at the second bat-- , defeat r ft Rail Run and still despondent from the de- of McClellans seven days ing influence even worse news came out of the retreat "hen 9 was the word which ow'has taken the warpath! .ttlcLr and this was followed by frontier the Minnesota of dfr0!n massacre men, women and c.rh bloody count of ... natl0n had not known since the days of Pon-eWeatherford, the Creek. Ottawa or .7 made the tragedy D it more unbehev- s st fad taken and After civilizing race. .aiming reports of thur back by the sent ,ss seemed lm-j!- e varies, it to realize that these owing converts to the white to k faith had reverted had given up .ry and !0le and the hymnal for )r mahawk and scalping Providence of ely the hand neavily upon the American these troublous times in But there d ie out-o- f thers w ho assigned the the Sioux to a more reason. Secretly and craft, the enemies United States have crept frontier and incited the me isidious A f ;' Little Crow. Chief this awful crime, in weakness of women Idren are to be made the they said, and, because ty stories about the con- - is to the e Confederate and Big Eagle were candidates for the chieftainship. Little Crow was overwhelmingly defeated and Traveling Hail was elevated to the chieftainship which had been held by Little Crows forefathers for more than a century. Enraged by this defeat, Little Crow resolved to take action which would restore him to the esteem of his people and regain his hereditary chieftainship, regardless of the result of the election. The best way to do this, he decided, was to make war on the whites and regain for his people the land they had lost. Events played into his hands, for the annuity payments, which were due the Sioux on July 1, were delayed indefinitely and their agents turned deaf ears to the appeals of the destitute Indians for food. The Outbreak Begins. On Sunday, August 17, occurred the incident which marked the opening of the outbreak. Four young Mdewakantons of Chief Little Sixs band appeared at the home of a settler named Baker where were present a Mr. Webster and his wife, besides Baker, his wife and a baby, a Mr. Jones and his wife and their two children. The warriors proposed that they engage in target practice, which the three white men foolishly consented to do. As soon as their guns were empty the young braves opened fire and killed Jones, Baker, Webster and Mrs. Jones. Then they hurried to the Jones home, where they killed and scalped a girl who had been left there. That night the four warriors reached Little Sixs village and told him what they had done. He immediately hurried them to the camp of Little Crow, two miles above the agency. The chief sat up in his bed to hear their story. Immediately he saw his opportunity. The time has come for war he declared. Blood has been shed. The payment will be stopped. The whites will take a terrible vengeance because the women were killed. The chiefs and head warriors were assembled in a council at Crow, Traveling Indians whom call-fapnde in 1 Dakota nit exciting political campaign which culminated in an election held at iact that this a council on August 3, 1862. Litdestruction was the tle Hail soldiers were to beginning be ired about, many a man North believed that rebel e" was responsible for the y massacres. Not an evidence to support that has ever been uncovered tonans but in 1862 it was fficult for Noitherners to ota t that tale. had taken the trouble nine the origins of the closely they might cund them closer at home, t. they might have made laying discovery that the Iey out-mo- re of some of their ojed red with imesota settlers politicians the blood quite as as ere the hands of Little fierce warriors. Canses of the 9 War. among the basic nnesota outbreak ame s B ftte - hls determination to land by fair were! A1ng Wlth these contributing of a new ln wUh?hInTU?Shmgt0n auu Cnyr Indians fi&nu- - ttrv a- ,ClA ( fy- - a problems of govm ProvK,ay cnrryinS out relating to lhe of annuities to the Sioux. - eTreat of dlssatsfaction Mendota and ea:LS.UX, - ad5 j Cc 0u,h '7Hv U In V Otf - , the fr the'nro Al sk of e ofthe year The Mix Ch prov'ided for north of the Minne- been a,- n -- omes Walking) cfft.Kays.; per banH!!)akanfn-Whe- e -- still hts Tha Penpal i 3. Al! f, Jf S' Jt C fry Usnry0, Cy ls& fjctnrO ty fcfc those who should be punished for the outbreak and 3 )2 of them were placed on trial for murder. Of these 307 weie sentenced to death and 16 sentenced to pris- MU. 6 J( but President Lncoln commuted the death sentences of all on, 1$' - Jti i)t 7 Ue-- ? fh," Jt S)). j& Jftiti 1 &'- - pfiX P&j 7 pO hel- n 3 became large fac- - an Old Wood lui Lincoln for the execut.or , of part of the order given by President the . inneso Sioux Indians convicted of murder during No. 24 and No. ..3. names have been omitted from between Twenty-lhre- e (Frm A i Jrf discovered that Lmtinerlim,ted the,r People . v 7u) v- - engineered "tetan wakan "Theacr favorable terms of surrender if they would return their prisoners to him unharmed. As a result the afternoon of September 26 saw the delivery to him of 269 miserable white men, women and children who had endured all the horrors of Indian captivity. Soon afterwards he rounded up 1,500 of the Sioux and placed them in prison at Fort Snelhng and Mankato. Next a military commission set about the task of singling out Jrtn W,iT?ku,M the year dlanS ripe for SUl1 another Pltatl0n of the :rva?rt!onoftheLow. !'er, t Jd.a. fi-a- s, "aUtat aund ly, 15 miles from the Lower Sibley Takes Command. Agency, its commander, Capt. Col. Henry H. Sibley was John S. Marsh of the Fifth Minnesota regiment acted promptly. placed in command of the 1,400 He had only 46 men but he volunteers raised to crush the marched at once for the agency. Sioux. With his raw undisciplined troops, he reached Fort Ridgely Untrained in Indian fighting, on August 28, where he was hailed Marsh was ambushed by a force of 200 of Little Crows warriors as a savior by the people who and more than half of his sol- had taken refuge there. The next diers killed. Marsh himself es- day he moved to the Lower caped the hail of Indian bullets Agency and from there sent Maj. J. R Brown wuth a force of 200 only to be drowned in the swift men farther up the river to hunt current of the river. The next morning brought more for the hostiles and to bury the dead. refugees to Fort Ridgely, but it Brown camped at Birch Couhe from also brought reinforcements Fort Snelhng until there were on the night of September 1 and about 200 soldiers in the fort, early the next morning he was although they were mostly raw attacked by a large force of Sioux led by Little Crow. The battle recruits. which followed was one of the Saved by a Miracle. On the morning of August 20 hottest of the whole war and Colthe dreaded attack by Little Crow only the prompt arrival of was launched. The defenders onel Sibley with the main body of the army saved Browns force were greatly outnumbered and for a time it looked as though from suffering the fate that had been Marshs. the savages would sweep over the Sibley then retreated to Fort walls and kill every man, woman and child in the post. But Ridgely and opened negotiations among the few veterans in the with Little Crow for the release fort was an old artillery sergeant of the hundreds of prisoners, named Jones who had varied the mostly women and children, held in the Indian camp, which came monotony of garrison life by drillto in the of some naught. infantrymen ing the use of several old cannon Then he marched against the left from the time Fort Ridgely Sioux and on September 23 inflicted a crushing defeat upon them at the Battle of Wood Lake. ftlnnsion. After this battle Little Crow, tried to have the captives killed. But his influence was waning rapidly and other chiefs, who saw that defeat was inevitable and wished to soften the punishment that would be meted out to them, prevented him from carrying out his bloody intentions. Release of the Captives. Through some of the Christian Indians Sibley got in touch with these chiefs and offered them M ;. the Slssetons, 'ahnetnnc'L Sioux Indian Camp Captured by General Sibley. As soon as news of the outthe w'hite man was gathering his break wfas carried by terror-stricke- n strength to strike back at his refugees to Fort Ridge- red foe. cU,' Jp.lQ. TV problem aas other iie tai,'e the issue result was an Atlantic City, N. J. Warning to young professional and Sky Dog Team business men who live in of 2,000 Balloons large cities, work hard, exercise little, eat too much and smoke too much appeared in Seeks Stratosphere the report of Drs. R. Earle Samuel A. Levine Glendy, Jean Piccard Will Attempt and Paul D. White of Boston at the meeting here of the Hop, Using New Method American Medical associaDenver. New stratosphere tion. Heart disease before they are sixrecords will be sought in an old Is the likely fate of such entirely new kind of strato- ty yearsmen. young sphere balloon, Jean Ticcard, More than one out of every huntwin brother of strato-pione6 per dred cases of heart disease Auguste Piccard, announced cent occurs In patients under forty years of age, these physicians found. to the meeting of the AmeriYoung men are much mere fiequent can Association for the Ad- victims than young women In the vancement of Science here. ratio of 24 to 1. C Science Service WNU Service. er but 39 who had been guilty of such cruelties that there was no possible excuse for shoving them any mercy. On December 23 these 39 paid the penalty on a special gallows built for the wholesale execution. With their deaths the great Sioux outbreak of 1862 was over. There remained, however, one final act in the drama of that outbreak. Little Crows followers had deserted him and he became a fugitive, flitting from of place to betrayal place in constant fear On July by some of his people. 3, 1863, he and his son were in a thicket not far ing from the town of iiutchmson. They were discovered by a settler named Nathan Lan pvin and hi3 son, Chauncey, who immediately opened fire on them The chief s son escaped but Little Crow fell dead. pick-berri- a single giant balloon as heretofore used, but with a "sky dog team of 2,000 small rubber pilot balloons of the type now used by the U. S. weather bureau for unmanned flights with light recording instruments. Since a single sounding balloon Is able to carry a half pound instrument to an altitude of twenty miles it is obvious that 2,000 sounding balloons could lift an gondola weighing 1,000 pounds to the same lofty position, he said. It Is my intention to construct such an assembly and to make scientific observations at the altitudes reached by sounding balloons. Before making such a flight I Intend to test the possibilities of the composite balloon by making, In the near future, an experimental flight with eighty sounding balloons attached to an open gondola. On this experimental flight, Mr. Piccard expects to be contented with the modest altitude of about two miles. He added: As a w'hole, our new hghter-than-acraft, if it works, will work like a very large dog team and the pilot will be the driver of 2,000 sky dogs. There is a widely accepted story of a multiple-ballooflight 150 years ago, wuth a craft said to have been invented by two prominent early members of the American Philo sophical society in Philadelphia. Published in France not long after the first balloon flights there, it went Into great and convincing detail and was all a hoax But the story has persisted, and is solemnly repeated in every history of aeronautics and in all the encyclopedias. However, multiple balloon flights really were made in both this country and Europe during the 1820s, so the Piccard proposal has precedents of quite respectable standing. g Western New'tapi r L nlon. ir Fear of Dead Is Blamed in Indians Babel of Languages Dead men Washington. tell no tales, but they helped create the babel of over 100 languages spoken by American Indians. This the iry is advanced by Dr. John P. Harrington, Smithsonian Institution ethnologist and authority on Americas ancient tongues. Widespread among Indian tribes, he explains, was terror of the dead so intense that even a dead person's name was not whispered aloud. Since Indians commonly bore personal names such as Blue Reindeer or Strong Bow, relatives and friends, after a death would find It advisable to invent new words or at least change slightly the words of the dead Indian's name. This doubtless accounts In part. Dr. Harrington says, for there being over 100 Indian languages, many as different as English and Russian. Another reason why ancient America had many languages, in contrast to modern America's few. Is that Indian groups kept encoun-- ' tering new animals, plants, and new experiences, and so a group would invent words to meet the situation, Dr. Harrington believes that the varied Indian tongues possibly developed from one proto American language brought from Siberia into Alaska by early immigrants Iceland Floods Caused bv Underground I ires London. Floods in most places arc caused by water from the skies. Floods in Iceladestructive ones, nd-very too have been cause'd by fire5 under the earth. Investigations by Dr Niels NielCopenhagen geologist, show that two recent destructive floods in Iceland were caused by the eruptions of volcanic cents opening under thick glaciers The heat melted the ice rapidly and m such vast quantity that the total water volume of the larger of the two floods is billion cubic feet. estimated at sen, lazy-dais- y wmM 1 air-tig- - A Beware Too Much Work, Food; Too Little Exercise Mr. Piccard will undertake the long ascension under the lift not of causes of were the ones which have been t,r7 ,for greedst ofoftheour white cLontemPt for the red a- at-ta- r- Embroidered flowers that promlife of your frock are these that youll want for immediate stitchery. Theyre fun! Theyre easy to do! Theyre enand single tirely in stitch ; the pretty floral border is a grand finisher for neckline, ise to be the once. Some of them tried in to prevent further bloodshed. vain had been an artillery post But Just as Little Crows maddened they were outvoted by the hostile were about to break the element. Kill the whites! Kill warriors line of the soldiers, which had the cut hairs (Christian Indians) formed on the parade ground, who will not join us! they shout- Jones and his men ed. Little Crow gave orders opened lue to the agency at sunrise and with the cannon. The Indian advance halted, disto kill the traders first. mayed by the hail of iron that During the night warriors across the parade ground. mounted on swift horses were swept A second blast from these wagon speeding in every direction to ralsent them scurrying for guns ly the hostiles for the attack. More than 200 whites were cover and a third caused them to flee in a panic. Jones and his slaughtered in and around the had not only artillerymen agency. Meanwhile small parties saved Fort Ridgely but he had of warriors were sweeping also dealt a severe blow to Lut.e through the surrounding settleCrow's hopes. ments, attacking the farms as But Little Crow was not they came to them, killing the through yet. There were still setmen and children and carrying tlements in other parts of the the women off as captives. The exact number of whites who were state which could be raidei So he withdrew bus forces mlu the massacred during the Minnesota wilderness, taking with them the outbreak will never be known but it is certain that moie than 1,000 prisoners and the plunder which they had taken during the first citizens and soldiers perished week of the outbreak. Meanwhile Q " to Overtax Hearts Hoping to learn why so many young men are falling victim to what has generally been considered a disease of old age, the Boston physicians Investigated the Inheritance and living habits of a group of 100 young heart patients and compared these with similar Information obtained from men and women of eighty, ninety and years of age. Jews Mure Susceptible. Relatively far more of the older people were of British race stock, although the method of selection of this group for study and the time of Immigration may have Influenced this factor. Jewish people are more susceptible to heart and blood vessel disease, the study showed. The old men and women had longer-liveancestors than the young heart disease patients. These factors are beyond the control of the individual, but living conditions and habits which he can control evidently also play an Important part in causing development of heart diseases. Country life, for instance, Is not as hard on the heart as the stresses s of city life. Nearly of the men and women past eighty years old lived In the country or s small towns, while nearly of the young heart patients lived In large cities. The older persons all claimed to have been moderate eaters and while, as the doctors pointed out they may have forgotten the hearty appetites of their youth their body build was generally lean ns compared to the heavy build of the young heart patients. Smoking Plays Big Part. s of the older peoOver ple exercised considerably till well past middle age. The young heart patients had many of them been strenuously athletic In their youth but only few continued to exercise regularly. A striking difference between the two groups was found In their use of tobacco, and this together with other evidence of the effect of tobacco, the Boston physicians believe, suggests that smoking plays an Important part. A little over half the old group were smokers but only a few were heavy smokers. Over of the young group were smokers, more than half of them heavy smokers. The two groups were more alike in their use of alcohol. A surprising finding was that severe Infectious disease, generally supposed to Impose considerable strain on the heart, had occurred, with the exception of diphtheria and pneumonia, more frequently in the older group than the young group. Even rheumatic fever and tonsilitis occurred less frequently in the younger group. The younger group, however, had more surgical operations than the older. Irregular and few hours of sleep and nervous sensitiveness and nervous strain were other conditions found much more frequently In the young group which may have contributed to the early appearance of serious heart disease. d rattern 5853 sleeves, or belt. Flower clusters, gay in garden colors of wool or silk floss, may adorn a blouse, or both bodice and skirt of any desired frock. In pattern 5853 you will find a transfer pattern of a motif 9 by 9' inches, one and one reverse motif 6,i by 6 inches; two and two reverse motifs Sli by 3Y4 Inches and two strips of border 2 by 15 inches; color suggestions; illustrations of all stitches used. Send 15 cents in stamps or coins (coins preferred) for this pattern to The Sewing Circle Household Arts Dept., 259 W. Fourteenth St., New York. N. Y. Please write your name, address and pattern number plainly. three-fourth- nlne-tenth- nine-tenth- nine-tenth- DASH ORlSPREAD.ONiROOSTS NEXT YEAR GO TO Westminster College SALT LAKE CITY, UTAH A 4 Year Junior Collet Two Higti School and Two Colleg Yeara Beautiful 40icrecampui. Modern Buildings and I quipnieot. High Scholarship, Strong Charaifer and Social development. Special Music department. Physical education Low Lost 1 union. Board and Room In regulated hotuelik dormitories. Self help oflered. ITrr or Catalog ROBERT D. STEELE, AuocUto Proa. 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