Show presidents MESSAGE conclusion of the voluminous executive document finances annj army nat naty post indians n education by ny ir U Telca raph to the HERALD I am giad to inform you that afie treaties lately negotiated with china have been duly ratified on oil both sides and the exchange made at tho the peking Legut legation lou is necessary to carry its provisions into effect tho the prompt and friendly spirit with which tile chinese government ern erni ment nent at the request of the united states conceded the modification of the existing treaties should secure a careful regard for the interest and susceptibilities of that government in the encroachment of any laws belati relating sig to chinese emigration those classes of the treaties which forbid ti alie participation of citizens or vessels of he united unite d states in the opium trade will doubtless receive your approval and they will attest the sincere interest which our people and government have in tho commendable efforts of put a stop to this demoralizing and destructive tive traffic in relation both to china and japan some changes arc are desirable in our present system of counsel or jurisdiction I I hope bope at some sonic future time i to lay before vou you a scheme for its improvement pro in the entire East the intimacy between our country and japan th the e most advanced of eastern nations has continued to bo be cordial I am ant advised that the emperor contemplates the establishment of a constitutional government and that he lie has already summoned a parliamentary ry congress for the purpose of effecting a change such a remarkable step towards complete assimilation with the western system cannot fail to bring japan into closer and ino more re relationship with ourselves as the chief pacific power A question lias has arisen in in relation to the exercise in that country of the judicial functions conferred upon our ministers and consuls the trial and conviction in Consular court at yokohama of jolin john ross a merchant seaman on board an Amet american ican vessel have made it necessary for the government to institute a careful ex into the na method ethod Ski of abis jurisdiction it appeared that ross was regularly shipped under the flag of tho united states but was by birth a british subject my vieda predecessor felt it his duty to maintain the position that during his hi service service as a regularly shipped seaman on board an american merchant vessel ross was subject to the laws of that service end nd to the tile jurisdiction luris diction of the united states consulate authorities ire I renew renow the tile recommendation which has heretofore been urged by the tile executive upon the tile attention of congress that after the reduction of such amount as may be found duo due to the american citizens the balanco balance of the indemnity funds heretofore obtained from china and japan and which ere are now in the hands of the state department part ment bo be returned to the government of those countries the lung of the IIa Ila vall walls on the course of the homeward return after a journey around the world lias has lately visited this country while our relations kingdom are hi friendly endly this government has viewed with concern the efforts to seek replenishment of the diminishing population of the islands from front outward sources to toa a degree which may i impair their native sovereignty and independence in which the united states was among the first to testify a lively interest relations of amity have bave been maintained throughout the tie year with tho tile respective government ment of austria hungary be belgium denmark hayti paraguay and uruguay portugal Fal and sweden and norway noray and this may also bo be said of greece and ecuador although our relations with these states have for some years been severed by the tile withdrawal of appropriations for the tile diplomatic representatives at athens and quito it seems expedient to restore those missions even on a reduced scale and recommend such a course with respect to ecuador which is likely within the near future to play an in important part among the nations of the tile south pacific at the last extra session the senate called for the text of the geneva convention for the relief of wounded in war I trust this action foreshadows fore shadows such interest in tho tile subject as will result in the adhesion of the tile united states to that humane and commendable ars ar rangi ment nent I call your attention to tile propriety of adopting a new code pf af for the tile prevention of collisions on the high seas and of confirming the domestic ti e legislation of the united states thereto so that no confusion may arise from the application of conflicting signals of different nationalities meeting in tidal waters these international rules differ but slightly from our own they have been adopted by the anny navy department for the observance of the war ships of thu th united cited states on the high seas or in foreign waters and through the action of the department in disseminating the rules and in fit acquainting quaint qua inting the shipmasters ship masters with the option of confor conforming mingto to them without jurisdiction on the waters of alie united states they are now very generally known and obeyed the tile state department still continues I to publish to the country the trade and reports received from its officers offic cre abroad the success of this course warrants ite its continuance and such appropriation as may be required tolt neet the rapidly increasing demand for those publications cat ions ath with special reference to the atlanta cotton exposition the tile october number of the reports reports waa was devoted to a valuable C collection act ion of papers on ork the cotton goods trade of the world the international 55 sanitary conference for which in 1879 congress mado provision fisl on assen assembled ed in n th this is city early I in n january last and its sessions were prolonged until march although it reached no specific conclusion affecting the future action of the participant powers the interchange of views proved to be most valuable the full protocols of tho the sessions havo have been already presen presented fed to the tile state department As pertinent to this tin general subject I call your attention to tile tb operations of the national board of health established by act of congress at proved ad 1879 its sphere of duty was enlarged enlarge dby by the act of june ad the same year by the last named act the board was required to institute euch such measures as might be deemed necessary for preventing the intro of contagious or infectious diseases from foreign countries into the united states or from one state i into another the exe execution of the rules and regulations prepared by the board and approved by my iny predecessor lias has done one much to arrest the progress of epidemic disease and lias has thus rendered substantial service to the nation the international sanitary conference to which hafe have referred I adopted afarin of bill of health to be used by all vessels seeking to enter the tile countries whose representatives participated in its deliberations libe rations this form lias has since mum been lleen prescribed by the rational yat ional board of health and incorporated with its rules and regulations which have been al approved roved by me in pursuance of law tte tho health of the people is 18 of supreme importance and all measures looking to their protection agi against t dinst the tile spread of contagious conta cious disease and the increase of sanitary knowledge for such purposes deserve the attention of congress tho the report odthe of alie secretary of the treasury represents in detail satisfactory exhibit of tho the stale of if financed ff kanceo a and nd the condition of the various branches of the public service administrated rated by the department the ordinary from all sources for the fiscal year ending june 10 1881 were from customs from internal revenue 13 from public lands 17 from front tax on circulation and deposits of national banks from repayment of interest t by pacific railway v companies 10 from front the banting banking fund for t the fie pacific railroad companies wa 1805 from customs fees fines penalties ac from fees con sular letters patent and lands I from proceeds ofilio S gales of f the government property from profit sl on oil coinage from revenue of the district of columbia from miscellaneous cellan cel sources 13 total ordinary receipts the ordinary eapen for the samo same period were for civil expenses for foreign intercourse 10 for indians for pens pensions ions for tb e ai I afta ifta establishment including river iver ant and harbor improvements in prove ments and arsenals iff for the naval establishment including vessels machinery audin and improvements prove ments at I tho lie na navy vy yards 15 for miscellaneous expenditures including public buildings light houses and collecting the revenue for of accounts of the district of columbia nibia for interest on the public debt 82 for premium on oil bonds purchased total ordinary expenditures leaving a surplus of revenue of if the revenue laws remain unchanged this surplus Suri Iu must year by year increase on account of tile reduction of the public debt and its burden of inter estand because of the great increase of population in just previous to ilia ilis titu tion of dufour our internal revenue system our population but slightly exceeded exceeded by the census of 1880 it atia is found to exceed it is estimated that even if tho tile annual receipts and should continue as at present the entire debt would be paid in ten tell years years in view however of the heavy load of taxation which our people have already borne we may well consider whether deduce the w even if we delay a little the payment of the debt it seems to me that thac the time lias has arrived when tit alie P people may justly demand some soine relief from their present enormous birden and that by duo due economy in the various branches of the public service that III may ay readily be effected I hereby concur r with the Seer secretary clary in in recommending Sn the abolition of all internal rev revenue nue rates ex except e t those upon tobacco in its va various riou T forms and upon distilled fermented liquors and except also the special tax upon manufacturers of and dealers in such articles the president further recommends the abolition of the tax tar upon bank d deposits s its ihrl lie further supports ions of the Secre secretary tari of war regarding the increase army for the more efficient protection olour of our ever shifting frontiers an in increase creage of the strength of the engineer battalion of the coast defenses and other fortifications is suggested tin the eja expenditures tures of th aliis is demattin De department ent for the atal year ending june 1881 were the appi appropriations opria for the year 1882 were the estimates for 1883 ire are th the message earnestly supports tia the e demands lemanis of the tile secretary oft of the heNary navy for a belter better status of our naval forces the president says in support of this suggestion wi wt we ave for many years maintained with tho the foreign governments the rela ons of honorable peace and that B r h relations may be permanent is de red by every patriotic citizen of abo republic but if we read the tea ling hing of history we shall not forget that in the life of every nation eim urgencies m may arise when a resort to arms can on only y save from dis dishonor lioner no nio danger from abroad now threatens this people nor have wo we any pause vause to distrust the tile friendly professions of our governments but for avoiding as well as rep repelling clingi the dangers danger q that may threaten in n future wo we must be prepared to face any policy which wo we think wise to adopt we roust must protect our harbors against aggression to protect by the distribution of our ships of war over tho the highways of com commerce merco the varied interests of our foreign trade and the person and property of our citizens abroad to maintain everywhere the honor of our flag tiie tile report of the tile postmaster general ell id a gratify gratifying ink exhibit of the tile growth and efficiency of the postal service the receipts for postal and other ordinary sources during the past fiscal year were the receipts fr from oal tile money order bu business sines s were making a total of 36 the expenditures for tit alie e fiscal year the deficit supplied out of the general treas treasury or 63 per cent of tz the receipts were 63 in excess of those of the previous year and in ilk excess of the estimate wade made two years agu before the present period of business prosperity had barely begun the acting attorn attorney general also calls attention to th the disturbance of the public tranquillity quil guil lity during tho the past year in the territory ferri tory of arizona A band of desperadoes pera does known as f cowboy cowboys probably probably numbering from fifty to one li undred men have been engaged for months in committing acts of lawlessness and brutality which the bocal authorities have havo been unable to repress e ss the depredations of these vow LOW boys have also been extended into mexico which the mani marauders reach from the arizona frontier the message recommends stringent measures for their suppression including special legislation to enable the general government to lend armed assistance to territorial governments ern ments the report of the secretary of the interior with accompanying documents presents an elaborate account of the business of that department A summary would bo to extended for this place I ask your careful attention to the report itself itsell prominent among the matters challenging the attention of congress at its present csabon session cs aion is the management mapa gement of our indian affairs while hia this question has limi been a causo cause of trouble and embarrassment from thet infancy of the government it is but recently that any mon bas been made for its solution at oi ito Serio serious tm determined consistent and promising in success we e have had to tb deal ica walh the appalling aling fart fact that thousands of lives fieve have been sacrificed and hundreds of millions of dollars expended in the attempt to solve the indian problem it had until the past few years beer seemed ned sc scarcely arcey nearer a solution ution than a half a century ngo ago but the government has oblate of late been cautiously but steadily feeling ita IN way to the adoption ofa of a policy which has already produced gratifying results and which in is likely if congress and the executive executive accord in itsou its poetto ortto relieve us ere long from the d unties which have haic hitherto beset us after alluding to the mormon problem the ines message sage refers to the educational question although our of government does not contemplate that the nation should provide or support a system forthe for the mi education of our people no ulea measures calculated tb promote promote thai that general intelligence an and virtue upon which the perpetuity of our institutions so greatly de depends rends have ever been regarded with indifference by congress or the executive A marge largo portion of the public domain has been from time to time devoted to the promotion of education there is now special occasion why by set ting apart the proceeds of its sales of public handsor land sor by borne some other course the G government overn ment should aid the work of education many who now exercise I e the right of bull suil T rage e are unable to read the ballot I they cast I would suggest that if any fund be dedicated to this purpose it may be wisely distributed in the different states according to the ratio of illiteracy by this means |