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Show PAGE TWO THE MirurharfM Washington MgeHt TIMES-NEW- Hview General Housecleaning in Federal Germany, Italy Dictate Terms Communications Board Is Needed Of Proposed r Pact Weekly News Four-Powe- My History of Control of Radio Is Story of Troubled Days; Public Concerned Because Free Speech Involved ; Split on Board Adds to General Confusion. Joseph W. La Kim By WILLIAM BRUCKART WNU Service, National Press BIdg., Washington, D. C. ' WASHINGTON. It seems among the inevitable and unavoidable things that there must be growing pains when the government starts execution of any new policy. This always has been the case. I as sume it is going to be true always, and it does not matter whether that new policy involves something as inherently governmental as government supervision of public services or something as inherently political as the national emergency council. The latter institution ought to have as a part of its title some words designating its value as the hod carrier in political emergencies, such as the recent "purge" of Democrats who insisted on being Democrats as distinguished from New Dealers. With that preface, we can examine into the situation that exists in the federal communications commission. As laymen whose only contact with radio is on the listening end, or whose only contact with telephones is to use them for business and social intercourse, or whose only contact with the telegraph is to send or receive messages, well, obviously we laymen do not know much about the F. C. C. But that does not excuse any of us for lack of interest. For F. C. C. is just as. close to you and me as the interstate commerce commission is, and unless I miss my guess it will be even closer in the years to come. There has been a measure of control over radio for years, and they have been troublesome years, both for the agency administering the law and the industry forced to abide by the law. Within the last few years, however, there has come into existence the F. C. C. which is concerned not alone with radio, but with telephones and telegraphs. These latter industries, however, are themselves settled down and out of their teens. They have got by me growing pains, but as fo: rr tlio ctniw la and de cidedly more, important, because there are fundamental dangers to ' you and me in the situation. ''" "Ziit 1 Federal Control of Radio Story of Troubled Days The history of federal control of radio, as I said above, is a story of troubled days. The bulk of the trouble has been due to the type of personnel selected for administration of that control. That is to say, politics is to blame as much as anything. Politicians will endorse any screwy bird, theorist or narrow-eyeif such endorsement will get him votes or help hold the royal order of in line at election time. And that is why, or largely why, the federal communications commission at this writing Is undergoing pains like I used to have when I allowed my childish enthusiasm to overcome my judgment and ate apI ples before they were ripe. wouldn't care how many of the boys on the government payroll had tummy aches about their jobs, or how many private and bitter words passed between highups or in the commission except for the fact that precedents are being established that will affect you and me directly as the years roll by. The things that have developed in the F. C. C. concern us because they involve free speech, involve it as directly as any attempt to use censorship on your newspaper or mine. Besides, there is the certainty that radio has been used to foment or put to sleep some national issues. It brings the nation within any small room that happens to house a couple of good, workable microphones. It there was ever a place for establishment of basically sound and wise policies, it is in the government supervision of radio. It is hard to get at the facts in the current dust storm within the commission. There are so many stories afloat, however, that somewhere there must be some truth. And this belief is buttressed by the known fact that President Roosevelt is considering what to do to get the tangle straightened out long-haire- d d half-bree- d nose-picke- From all i-- s. In Commission Needed Trouble Shooter Fails To Smooth Out the Met h J Again, even this condition could be corrected and something of a workable nature developed if the bulk of the subordinates around the commission were sound thinkers. That, unfortunately, however, seems not to be the case. The place is packed and jammed with numerous men who think they are hot shots, whose only claim to recognition is that they, themselves, claim to be experts, or who have been unable to make good in the industry and have succeeded through political endorsement to get a place at the feed trough of government checks. So I say that I am unwilling to charge continuation of the mess to Mr. McNinch. He apparently hat tried, but as long as some members of the commission manage to gain public attention by their nauseating blurbs and as long as some of the silly flock, claiming to be "original New Dealers," continue to spew out venom about "unfairness of newspapers." it Is likely the communications commission is going to get nowhere very fast Much of the silly propaganda, that newspapers are unfair to the New Deal, bubbles to the surface from points other than the communications commission. Those who serve as the mouthpieces for such clabber, however, can be seen flpcking together frequently. It is only natural, therefore, to suppose that they are active in spreading their views among commission underliogt who. in turn, get the germs incubated within their own organization. I said earlier that It may be Mr. Roosevelt will have to ask for a general housecleaning and resignation of most of those In key positions. It is quite likely that he will dodge that action If any other way can be found to solve the problem. In any event, I hope that congress looks into the situation. If it does, maybe something concrete will be done to establish a sound agency one that will consider the interests of listeners and services and manufacturers equally, just as the Interstate Commerce commission does in its supervision it rail and other forms of transportation. Western Ntwcpnpar Union. three experts, American railroads have no right to cut 15 per cent from pay checks of 930.000 employees because: (1) it would be a stop-gameasure at best only reducing the standard of living at a time when business in general is coming back; (2) the railroads' financial problem is still of short term aspect, having been critical less than a year: (3) although railway wages have not fluctuated so badly as wages in other industries, they have not been advancing proportionately so fast as in other industries; (4) a fiat 15 per cent wage cut would not be equitable, since smaller roads which are in worse shape would derive less benefit than the larger, more prosperous In the opinion -- WANTS KLLIGEItCNI t3 HO 1HMICXI.M J --. ' This was the gist of a 40,000-wor- d handed down by President g Roosevelt's emergency commission after three weeks of deliberation. Board members: Chief Justice Walter P. Stacy of the North Carolina Supreme court; Dean James M. Landis of Harvard law school, once chairman of the securities and exchange commission; Professor Harry A. MiHis, University of Chicago economist and former member of the national labor relations board. Likelihood of enforcing the 15 per cent wage cut despite the commission's findings is considered small. But this does not lessen the plight of U. S. railroads, whose sorry condition will probably receive attention from next winter's congress. Since utilities are getting government aid under the guise of U. S. defense insurance (see below), moreover since the government plans to strengthen its defenses generally, railroad management will justify its request for federal aid on the same grounds. Already suggested is a revolving government fund for purchase of new equipment, plus a federal appropriation to pay of railroad maintenance costs during a five-yetest period. X gnu fact-findin- ALr HUNGARIAN 1 EUROPE LAYS THBnGROUNDWORK FOR PEACE (See FOREIGN) January, congress will also get A. F. of L.'s plea for nonconfirmation The European domination won at of President Roosevelt's Munich by Germany and Italy is ment of Donald Wakefield appointSmith, but a prelude to NLRB member whom Federation-ist- s . plans for relegating France and I. O. say is pro-CstaGreat Britain into second-rat- e tus. Still to come is a International pact, but first must come the America's demand that Japan groundwork (See MAP) in which maintain China's "open door.V trade France and Britain are fattening policy is based on the themselves for the slaughter: pact signed by China, Japan, the ENGLAND sees growing resentU. S., Great Britain, France, Italy, ment toward Prime Minister Neville Belgium, the Netherlands and PorChamberlain, who claims: "Our tugal. Under this territorial integrisole concern is to see that this county agreement. Western oowers h"ve try and her colonial communications enjoyed, pnAftStte trade'" with are safe." But recalling successivpj. British diplomatic defeatsJnTMan ff Chukua-TtffSnain rhinn Alls and Czechoslovakia, Chamber lain's foes wonder what he means by "safety." The real Chamberlain policy is appeasement of dictators at any cost. Thus the prime minister has forced a approval of his Italian friendship pact in the house of commons. Thus, too, he has dropped Britain's elaborate defensive armament plan and urged A the retirement of War Minister LesS. lie Once active in opposing Spain's civil war, Great Britain must now grant belligerent rights to both Loyalists and Rebels. Still unfulfilled are Hitler's demands colonies for return of ' 1 ' and a air domination over Great ' Britain. Then he will be ready to make peace. FRAXCE, now torn by financial distress resulting from feverish rearmament has welcomed Reichs-fuehr- i. z- ' Hitler's offer of a 10 or truce. This is more groundSEIIUN IKEDA work behind the eventual New sacrifices must be made. pact In return for German renunciation of territorial claims (in Eu- wealthy and populous China. The began changing in 1931 rope) against France, Paris would situation normal diplomatic re- when Japan 'walked into Manchu lations with Italy (already accom- kuo, and has become a greater threat to Western trade interplished) and actually turn away ests since the Chinese war began. from the League of Nations to live at the mercy of dictators. Since Today, with the richest part of China France faces bankruptcy unless she under Japanese control. Western can halt rearmament any kind of powers have feared that nation peace is welcome. Still another sign might go the way of Manchukuo, of French capitulation is Premier becoming a Japanese protectorate Edouard Daladier's renunciation of entirely dominated by Japan. This fear has been justified by Communist party support a move Japan's statement of policy in the which gains favor with Soviet-hatinFar East, Interpreted in part as an states. answer to the U. S. "open door" deITALY AMD GER1AY are now so sure of their positions that they mand. Japan has announced she infind it unnecessary to ask British-Frenc- h tends to create a political and economic union of her empire with Chiadvice on handling Czechoslovakia's minority problem. Al- na and Manchukuo, which means that Western will be left on though the treaty of Munich stipu- the outside. powers Since a foreign office lated action on Czech has said no part of eastminority problems. Foreign Minis- spokesman ern Asia shall be "westernized," ters Joachim von Ribbentrop and French and U. S. concesCount Galeazzo Ciano have just British, sions in China are considered threattransferred a large part of Czecho- ened. slovakia to Hungary. For Germany, Part of "new deal" for the recent weeks have opened a wedge Far East the includes a united front permitting a successful economic against Communism, which has be"drive to the east" For Italy they come popularized in China the past have brought Franco-Britis- h recog 10 years. In this respect and in nition of her Ethiopian conquest a final withdrawal from making battle-won Mussolini's Premier placing the League of Nations, Japan hat empire in good standing with lined up with the other Europe's highest diplomatic society. two "havedefinitely not" nations, Italy and r At best the highly touted Germany. pact will be mere formality. Thus, more than a year after her undeclared war on China began, JaLabor pan hat taken time out to tell the Chief among objections to the na world why. But if Tokyo't statetional labor relations act are that it ment of future policy hat given heart to (1) makes the labor board prosecu Japs, they have tor, Judge and jury, and (2) permits also been confronted with the titua-tion'- a employees, but not employers, to -educated realities. Seihin Ikeda, Harvardminister of finance, invoke its aid. Industry agrees generally that NLRB it fundamentally hat warned that new sacrifices must sound if these abuses can be cor- be made to complete China's conrected. Industry claims further that quest and rebuild that nation. AlNLRB wat designed to cover abuses though Japan will make immediate practiced only by a minority of em- and drastic slashes in her domesployers, that it fails to recognize tic expenditures, the war budget will that the average employer is honest be hiked to push China's Generalisout of the picChanges in the act have been en- simo Chiang dorsed by the American Federation ture. of Labor, U. S. Chamber of Commerce and National Manufacturers Miscellany association. But when John Lewis' Italy Justifies her African aggresCommittee for Industrial Organizasion by definition: "Roman war cretion meets In Pittsburgh this ates, barbaric war destroys. Fasmonth, NLRB will be defended cism marches in the footsteps of against amendment proposals on the Rome; Its war will also be good ground that changes would make war and will never serve but to the act Impractical. Along with make life fruitful, to increase it and NLRB amendment proposals next sanctify it." Foreign Hitler-Mussoli- four-pow- one-quart- nine-pow- ii f f,;.t.v 345-13- 8 t'f Hore-Belish- 1 - four-pow- - Utilities New Deal dams and power plants have offered public utilities serious competition, forcing down .UX"---atiti&-'i- r unfriendly breach between electricity executives and the administration. One government power project not yet started is the St. Lawrence water way, which President Roosevelt praised during September when the war scare first began. At that time, partly because he feared a lack of power reserve, partly because such a shortcoming might be good advertising for a St. Lawrence project the President appointed a commission under Louis Johnson, assistant secretary of war. When the commission reported recently, it failed to mention St. Lawrence waterway plans. But it made bigger and more puzzling news by drawing executives of 14 large utilities to Washington and getting their promise to start expanding. If this was a peace gesture, it was overshadowed by explanations that utility expansion is an important step in the government's defense program and a healthy move toward business recovery. The program: In 15 areas (all east of the Mississippi) utilities will spend an immediate $350,000,000, boosting it to $2,000,000,000 if power A L- - v x four-pow- war-wear- y Kai-she- k k NEWS a mi m L M m J h PHOTOGRAPHY ROLLS DEVELOPED THIS trimmed enlargements 8 print, IS printe wltnooi or yonr choice86eoxcoin. 8c Heprlnte NORTHWEST PKOTO SCRVrCf IMctt. ft - Man Oafcata enlargements rwg WEEK mrniiminiil''nir Free-Han- d Embroidery Design Is Fun to Do By LEMUEL F. PARTON XJEW YORK. To administer the By RUTH WIETH SPEARS wages and hours law, which reIS not often that a mere mat- IT F. Elmer went into effect cently ter of stitchery strikes a naAndrews left a job which gave him shorter hours tional note with Americans, but E. F. Andrews and more wages. here is something from a school that may touch your prideHas Taken on As New York ateacher bit. She says, "Your Book 2 on industrial state Full-Tim- e Job commissioner, his salary was $12,000, and he could get by nicely with a seven or eight-hou- r day. This job pays $10,000, and, considering its volume of detail, its complications, its novelty and its controversial entanglements, it looks like a shift for Mr. Andrews. He is a professional engineer, born in New York, earnest and diligent, a glntton for detail, living moderately in Flushing with his wife and three children until his removal to Washington. In addition to his five years as state industrial commissioner, having succeeded his former chief, Miss Frances Perkins, in that office, his experience in wage and hour adjustments has been with industrial concerns and chambers of commerce. After his graduation from Rensselaer Polytechnic institute, he was pilot in the U. S. army air service in the World war. He built railroads and factories in Cuba and engaged in construction work in New York City, planning civic improvements for the Queensboro Chamber of Commerce, among other large-scal- e enterprises. In these years he engaeed m compeasation studies s for various industrial groups. labor adviser for the National Labor board in the coal mining regions of Kentucky, Alabama and Pennsylvania. Never belligerent, Mr. Andrews has been more of an arbiter than a fighter, although he did take on certain employment agencies for a battle when he was indnstrial commissioner. He swings no nightstick, and tells the employers this isn't going to hurt them in the least. He is a New Dealer, bnt goes to Washington with perhaps more political detachment than any similarly placed official down there. Mr. Andrews is 48 years Hr-wa- old. - Gifts and Embroidery interests me because it is the only thing I have seen on this subject that shows simply and clearly how to use a little originality in hand work. The women of all nations but ours find pleasure in expressing their own ideas in embroidery and needle crafts." d emHere is another broidery design that should be as free-han- M V 9 t! X x X. " M ? X e T KS V A J 7 r much fun as those in the hnnV attractive border is suggested here for a bed iacket. will have no difficulty in finding a pattern ior a jacket as they are quite the thine to wear ovpr sleeveless nighties. Your freehand border, v. tll dress it up for a nrisimas gut. If the jacket is pale pink, the rows of running stitches might be in several tones of rose. The cross stitches could be in deep rose and turquoise blue to simulate flowers. The long and short stitches, shown at A and B, should then be done in apple green. Lines may be drawn with a ruler as a guide to keep the rows straight, and evenly spaced dots may be made to indicate the cross stitches beginning the spacing at the corners of the design. Are you ready for Christmas; birthdays; and the next church bazaar? Do you turn time into money with things to sell? Mrs. Spears' Sewing Book 2 has helped thousands of women. If your home is your hobby you will also want Book 1 SEWING for the Home Decorator. Order by number, enclosing 25 cents for each book. If you order both books, a leaflet on quilts with 38 authentic stitches will be included free. Address Mrs. Spears, 210 S. Desplaines St., 111. This vi 'TPHE late Newton D. Baker liked to discourse on the Importance of "keeping, intellectually liquid," and free from embarrassing alli ances and corn- J. H. Amen mitments. John Distinguished Harlan Amen, Non-Joinrunner - up for Thomas E. Dew Chicago, ey in the national racket-bustintournament, is that way, too. Assigned to the sensational crime and Cough in Brooklyn, he algraft clean-u- p lows the reporters to drag out of Signal him the admission that he "never No matter how many medicines belonged to anything." you have tried for your common As an assistant United States cough, chest cold, or bronchial Irritation, you may get relief now with attorney, he has been netting Creomulslon. Serious trouble may racketeers steadily since the po brewing and you cannot afford United State pot teeth in the to take a chance with any remedy less potent than Creomulslon, Sherman act In 1931. In view which roes right to the seat of the trouble of J. Edgar Hoover's revelations naturo to heal soothe and aa to the overlapping of crime the inflamed mucous membranes and venal politics, Mr. Amen's and to loosen and expel germ-ladphlegm. political detachment Is InterestEven if other remedies have failed, ing. It Is also Interesting In our oon t be discouraged, try Creomul-sio- n. new realization that federalizaYour druggist is authorized to tion of oar government has been refund your money If you are not in part doe to the failure of the thoroughly satisfied with the benefits obtained. Creomulslon Is one state really to govern. Mr. word, ask for It plainly, see that the Amen, like Mr. Dewey, has name on the bottle Is Creomulslon, made his name in this overlapanJ fouTl get the genuine product or and the relief you want. (Adv.) state and federal ping tone authority. He is a grave, aloof aristocrat Dare to Choose with an academic background of For all may have, if they dare Phillips-Exeter- , Princeton and Har- choose, a glorious life or grave. vard. He it a of Presl-den- t George Herbert. Cleveland, with a residence in Park avenue, great intellectual and social reserve. er g A Three Days' Is Your Danger en g Nazi-Fasci- four-powe- mi f"MTafTU"l.Ta"lt"''a Ji lIIK WHO'S of opinion of the stories I have picked up, I suspect that Mr. Gary was no great shakes as a lawyer. On the other hand, it was equally apparent that Mr. Gary was being supported by a couple of commissioners who had hard noses and wouldn't quit fighting. It is an incident that is related as an illustration and as a basis for the statement that most of the members of the commission and a substantial portion of the subordinate personnel are much more interested in fighting among themselves than in trying to understand and administer an intricate law. This column is not the place to attempt a list of the many rulings of the commission that have done the industry no good. Attention can be called, however, to the procedure under which these decisions are brought about, having in mind that such decisions have just as much force as the law itself. It is the regular routine in a gov ernmental agency for consideration of problems, determinationoJi-Ylr- ia mierpreiauon oijjj t0 have their initiativaitgest,ions from the top Uld"7 Thov Q r.arna,4 lie policy-makerThey have to assume responsibility. In the case of the communications commission, there seems to be something of the same procedure followed, except that the individual members of the board, or some of them, persist in acting individually rather than collectively as a board. This would not be so bad if the board members as a whole were in accord. But they are not There is a split as wide as Pennsylvania avenue. The result is that on many, many occasions underlings have brought forward propositions that served only to fan the flames of disagreement between board members. And, of course, as these proposals became known the portion of the radio industry concerned was thoroughly upset because it had no way to defend itself no place to tell its side of the case. Transportation lines. Too Much Interested in Fighting Among Themselves General Housecleaning low-dow- To go back a bit, it will be recalled that Mr. Roosevelt sought more than a year ago to smooth out the mess by transferring Frank from the Job of chairman of the federal power commission to that of chairman of the federal radio commission. Every one conversant with the situation said at that time that the new chairman was a good trouble shooter and that he would get things working as a highly technical agency ought to But the truth is that Mr. work. McNinch has not succeeded. If anything, there have been more rows and the work of the commission has been slowed down even to a worse condition than it was. The whole thing would not amount to a hill of beans except that It aeerns utterly impossible to gut sound and judicial execution of a technical law under such circumstances, and the matter becomes of moment to everyone because this monster, radio, is still in swaddling clothes. The battle within the commission crops up every once in awhile, just as it did when the commission recently fired Hampson Gary, its general attorney. Mr. Gary was asked for his resignation, and an alternative of another appointment elsewhere in the government. But he stuck out his chin, and said "no." Well, he promptly was fired. Thursday, November 10, 1933 NEPIII. UTAH S. SECRETARY JOUNSON The nor deportment mode pence, consumption increases normally the next two years. Though generally regarded as an optimistic sign of recovery, utility expansion has been minimized in some quarters. The 1,000,000 new kilowatts in generating capacity Is only a 3 per cent boost in U. S. power potentiality, considerably below the average increase In good years. son-in-la- LOST THUS writer happened to be In YOUR PEP? Raliof for conditions liMilno Duo to Sluggish Bowsl llamtihnalii S.W.SOT all laiatlr Italy when the fascist regime was emerging and saw underprivaTTiytnm'B ileged youth Joyously engaged in 1i.mil IIMnr ho ml kl. Um.Kli, rJiT frms . i.iiwih, mm btiimia rrwlit, tmd ImUm when hold-Jas- . up bc"ng wild awiMad sonMltiaUnn. Marshall out, ,nd iag. VVithnnt P!k v Maltaof KR from-- mir V m (ha tan tnill. Alarmed Over gards and s if not tnirtitl rottim, tus bo to a. w will hv purcnaaa in, l fair. Youth '"8 UP the li- prlra. Tkil KR lalitrta tndar. brary of an old professor who had indiscreetly af i"t firmed his faith QUICK RELIEF democracr v C17t-"VJames Marshall, president rntf arm of th New York board of education. It finuiuDiiun alarmed about our Jobless ged from 18 to 24. He says youth. it war this cond.tion which made Good Thoughts Live fascism Good thoughts, even if they are in other countries and we had watch our step. He propose abettei forgotten, do not perish. Publi.-iu- s dras tic national solution. Vy Syrus. Mr. Marshall hi a lawy'er by profession, the son of the Lool. Marshall. .n of the late most eminent lawyer In New York history. He w appointed U me board of education in IS and became president of jS the Hte yoa anything arotmJ Jne. lie 9 gonial, bo,,rd the house you would like philosophical pipemoker. .n to trade or sell? Try a a umnu, f ,he Columbia sifted ad. 1 Tie cof is onlr ,chol of Journalism, and the Dj a few rents and there are. a novel. "Ordeal by ahor of Glory pobahlirilofoffolktlook-Ra..!tt ,n fof ("""hs'erer it i CnW'",;' &rvtc.r.alJr... "fimil ou no Ion per hive ote fur. rtbl hnMlM-M- slash-Jobles- I War After a month of the treaty of Munich, Spain's civil war teems entirely apt to fizzle out before spring. While loyalist Spain suffers from hunger, rebel Spain hat a far worse ail mentdefeatism. This results from Generalissimo Francisco) Franco's attitude of stubbornness and the sud den discovery that rebel Spain It Impotent when German and Italian aid It withdrawn. Although 70.000 rebels have been left dead on the banks of the Ebro In six unsuc cessful offensives. General Franco will agree to im solution of the war other than unconditional surrender of the loyalists. Meanwhile, League of Nations investigators have found that 2.000,0(10 loyalists suffer from famine, that 112.000.000 worth of food must be delivered promptly to vert disaster. temi-Isolalio- n following 1 nil PCLASSIFIEDba ADVERTISING " , |