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Show , e!.: MAY CLERGYMEN SPECULATE? HE CHANGED HIS MIND. WIZARDS A Leading Financial Authority TakM Department the Affirmative. May ministers speculate io stocks? This is the weighty question which a church court in Wilmington Is trying to decide, Two clergymen have been sued by their brokers to make good. Now they are to be tried by their ecclesiastical authorities for Indulging in a practice alleged to be wrongful for men of their position. We would not presume to decide such a question as this for the ecclesiastical court which Is now trying It. to (We may, however, be permitted make two or three comments upon this somewhat unusual procedure. There la nothing any more immoral in spe elating in stocks than there Is in speculating in drygoods or any other commodity. All business involves risks. All trading Involves the chances of the future. The purchase of stocks on margin is not, strictly speaking, any different than the purchase of real estate or merchandise by making a partial payment thereon. Speculation conservatively conducted with ample capital and due regard to legitimate conditions, and with observance of truth and honesty, is entirely moral. But speculation of this kind is very different from gambling In stocks. It may be difficult to draw the line where speculation ends and gambling begins, but there is such a line; and while speculation is morally correct and economically advantageous, gambling is unwholesome and dangerous in the extreme. A Wall street mui devotes his whole time to a study of business conditions, might engage in peculation with entire propriety, while a minister who should take a "flyer" in the stock market would be rightfully subject to criticism. The one would be a speculator in the proper sense, while the other would to merely a gambler. But whether clergymen be permitted to enter the stock market or nut, one thing is very clear, that if they speculate In stocks they must observe the laws of speculation; and one of the fundamental laws Is that of making good one's margins. A clergyman, who speculates and then leaves his bicker In the lurch when prices go agn'rst him Is certainly no object of He Is very contemptible, Byi, rathy. indeed Wall Street Journal. . Engineer's Story of Why He. Cried. "Yes, Indeed, we have some queer little Incidents happen to us," sail the fat engineer. "Queer thing9 happened to m about a year ago. You'd think It queer for a rough man like me to cry for ten minutes, and nobody hurt, either, would you? Well, I did, and I almost cry every time I think about it "I was running along one afternoon pretty lively when I approached a little village where the track cuts through the streets. I slacked up a little, but .was still making good speed, when suddenly, about twenty rods ahead cf me, a little girl not more than 3 years old toddled onto the track. You can't even Imagine my feelings. There was no way to save her. It was impossible to stop, or even slack much, at that distance as the train was heavy and the track descending. In ten seconds It would have been all over; and after reversing and appllylng the brake, I shut my eyes. I didn't want to see anything more. "As we slowed down my fireman stuck bis head out of the cab window to see what I'd stopped for, when he laughed and shouted at me: 'Jim, look here,' I looked, and there was a big Mack Newfoundland dog holding the little girl In his mouth, leisurely walking toward the house where she eviShe was kicking dently belonged. and crying, so that I knew the wasn't hurt, and the dog saved her. My fire man thought it. was funny, and kept laughing, but I cried like a woman. I Just couldn't help it, I had a little girl of my own at home." Galveston Tribune. Chief Whose Job Was First Considered. When the late William C Whitney was secretary of the navy in Mr. Cleveland's cabinet he gained (He good will of all the employes of the department because ot the candor and kindness with which he treated them. One morning he sent for the bead of a cer tain bureau and told him tt make the appointment of a man from New Yoik City. Later in the day the chief of the bureau returned and said: "Mr. Whitney, I want to ask you a question, If you will be kind enough t reily to ft" 4,CertXr:"y," said the secretary in his most affable manner; "what is it?" "I want to know if I am not supreme in my bureau?" "You are," said the secretary, with just the suspicion of a smile lurking in the corners of his mouth. "Then I have control of the appoint ments in my division; that is to say, I do not have to make an appointment unless I feel so disposed." "That la the situation precisely,' said the secretary, the smile now becoming quite pronounced. "Well, Air. Secretary," said the subordinate, coming to the point at last, "I don't think I care to make thut ap- pointment" "Jus as you say," said Mr. Whitney, the smile now becoming a genuine laugh. "By the bye." be added. "I Just said you were supreme. I shall qualify that a bit The president has the power to remov you and to appoint your successor. You know that?" "Oh, yea," was the confident reply. "I know that" "All right then." said Mr. Whitney, "111 let the president know that you don't see your way clear to make this appointment" "Oh, does the president want it?" came the startled query. "Yes." "Ah hem might I ask you as a friend what you would advise me to do under the circumstances?" -- "Well," said the secretary, who enjoyed the humor Qjt the situation immensely, "that depends on whether you prefer public to private employment for yourself "Why, public employment" "Then," said the secretary, gravely, "my advice would be that you make the appointment" And it was made very quickly. New York Herald. Pet Crow Calls the Hours. George Wrcake, of Sibley township, near Le Sueur, Minn., has a pet crow. Bob. which has been with him for years, and which he claims is the most intelligent and usefu bird living. There is in the Wrcake home an til heirloom, a beautiful cuckoo clock, brought from Switzerland In 'pioneer days, one of the kind that has a little door at the top in front out of which tp.l 'fs a l.ttie bird eve. J sixty roliiutea and calls the hour. After the crow had been In the family about two years he began to mock the clock cuckoo, and this finally rrew to be a passion with him, so that he hardly ever failed to give a melodious "caw" when the clock cuckoo was call ing the hour. Some six months ago the clock ftll and the striking, or cuckoo, part was completely broken, so the door never opens and the bird never comes out This appeared to be a great puzzle to Bob, for he watched the clock for several days and seemed to be studying deei4y. At last, however, he came to a Conclusion and greatly startled the family by taking Hp the duty the cuckoo had previously performed and counting out the hours perfectly st the exact moment with a clear call of "caw for every hour the clock ought to have S struck, one for 1 o'clock, five for o'clock, and so on around the circle. He has kept his work op to the present time and tails every hour when be can see the face of the clock as regularas would an crdia-arly and as t merlece with its hammer and blL If a lamp be set st night where the Stuttering children are numgerous In the schools of Germany, and It Is llgnt falls on the face of the clock the he will dose betweea thought tb ailment Is contagious. At crow, though wlil waken and eat on his times perch, present there are 80,000 school childall hour long. Mboae--t night every ren In that country whose speech It polls Times. thus affected. pftly y Dusty Nuttin dola', Wlllle; leas la Indian Territory there are 13.8C4 Is wegltarlans. people Inllan scholars enrolled la the public Willie tey Is? schools. Of these S,283 are la th when I asked de lady Tes; Dusty Cherokee Nation, 2,754 la the Creek Oil n to eat she h eaves a so me Nation, 4.7S3 In the ChocUV, and SJJ fer me. squash at In the Chickagaw. In Finland reindeer are worth oaly $7.50 a head. One of these animals of the area of llore than Is covered Vienna by woods, vineyards, parks and gardens. five-eigh- ts - WITH FRUITS. Cherries Made to Grow In Bunches of Fifty and Sixty, Like Grapes. If there is seeming exaggeration In this article, the fault Is with the wiz ards. Their deeds invite hyperbole. They seem to be enemies of nature, yet are not bo, and the products cf their magic are never-endinThese wizards of horticulture are men of learning, who, knowing all about plants and fruits and the possibilities of each, help nature in bringing Torch tho best results. They study the hab its of these with care. They plant and plant, examine and watching always how nature asserts herrelf. One of these wizards, a molest man, who loves fruits and flowers, lives in California and there, in a climate wonderfully suited for the growth of everything In great profusion, produces .marvels of horticulture that have made him known throughout tho world. If one were to ack Mr. Lvtber Burbank, the wizard of whom we speak, to tell us of his work, he would doubtless reply: "I am but one of the present generation trying to solve tho riddle of tho sphinx." He would point to his own gardens and greenhouses to show how far he has succeeded in his quest. By the mere process of elimination and selection he has made nature- almost understand herself, and the results of his idea-tlfl- c plant breeding have been so that one wonders what the future will Liing forth. One of his achievements Is tho stcneless plum; another tho pltless prune. The names themselves tell a sufficient story, for we have become so accustomed In the past to have st.ry plums and prunes that cr.o would seem without them at a veritable loss. But there is more la It than tho name. It is but one example of tho stoneless fnflt of tho future which all scientific hortlculturallsts aro studying merely because the groat public does not want to bo bothered by the stones. The investigation, hewever, are laborious and the resulrs come tardily. To obtain one stoneUxs pnne has required the cultivation of maty variety of prunes, each with a d'fffient taste. In appearance Ms P'Cduct resemble the common CH" omia prune, but it is larger in site and matures earlier. It is tho cf a French father and is boul three times tho 6ize of Its . - olf-sprin- g par-cuu- calloborates with Mr. Walter O. Swlft-gl- e. Among their successes may bt mentioned a new grape fruit, or shaddock, a cross between the orange or tangerine with tho ordinary grape fruit Another success is a new orange fruit Another success is a new orange which grows In a northern climate, yet possesses a palatable flavor. They have grown pineapples with thornlesa leaves, a distinct boon to the pineapple picker of the future. They have abo produced a cherry tico upon which ftity or sixty cherries can be grown In a single bunch. Tho seedless grape, obtained from the muscat of Alexandria, is their hand! work, and was the result of the selec tion year after year of cuttings thoso vmes which produced less than the normal number of seeds. The Strand. kid-glov- WHERE THE SHOE PINCHES. Power of a Few Men Over a Necessary of Life. From the Rocky mountains to tho Atlantic people are finding a prlmo necessary of life harder to get than U6ual. This is not because a pestll ence has swept away food cattle. It is because a few men and a few thous. and employes have quarreled over tho division of the profits. Whether the beef trust be an unlawful agreement or merely a common policy is immaterial. The result is to put into the hands of a few men such power over a necessary of w mat when they and their employes quarrel tens of millions find food harder to get. Tho existence of such power tho acquirement by a few of sucn dominion over the lives of millions Is the muse oi me popular resentment of trust3 and of the popular demand for d a family affair marriage between dif ferent Individuals In the world of fruit end flowers. The plum-co- t which we all may be eating w tb gulo in a year or two, Is a result of a happy union between father appricot and mother plum. Those who know the delicious apricot and plum r.evl ni.e bt told how much the two look alike, but how different they ta3te. Tho plumed Is, therefore a distinctive fruit; "as distinct." says its creator, "as If a new fruit had been handoJ dewn irom mother planet" It has the g:rittal form of an apricot and the ' same outsi1 appearance, but It trore highly colored, has a soft skin an.l a shadowy bloom. It posesses ca Indocribably delicious flavor. In turning cut tho white blackbtnr ji'Kl womivr over this for a moment and think wl.at those two words mean Mr. Burbank is said to have applied the Darwinian theory Inversely. Ho fctfpt on selecting berries which in g did not become pure black, and finally got a bush In which the fruit changed frtm the green cf Immaturity to pure white. This Involved the extermination ff some 23,000 blackberry tushes several times In several succeeding years. The painstaking energy necessary In such a search Is L.ttrly suggested by such figures. His Shasta daisy is a combination of the free flowering American daisy and It Is the result of eight years' w-in the hybridization and selec'k tion. The merit of this flower, which wiil particularly appeal to those of a KKrJenlng bobby. Is Its hardiness. It grows and Mooros wherever the ak lives; It Is ptrennial, and has a largo Llojuom, of a dazzling whitened, lu"-non a long, stiff stem that makes f:o fiower very valuable for cutting. As each Individual bloom may attain a diameter of over four Inches, the produced by thousands may be rrri- - easily imagined than describe!. Of late years much of the beat experimental wark on fruit and bai been done In America by th3 bureau of plant industry In the department of agriculture at Washing ton. The laboratory of plant breed-Ing- , tnder the charge of Dr. Herbert J. Webber, baa been responsible for lip-ciln- e tf-f-- cl veg-a-b- 't of Recent Experiment With Selenium. Tho study of the telegraphic transmission of mesages without wire has taken a new direction lately, and oat that promises to be of special vaiuo to the military world. This new tendency in tho develop ment of wireless telegraphy fleperfos In principle on the well known photovoltaic properties of selenium. This metal changes Its electric resistance under the influence of light, a property which has been applied In the coast ruction of the photophone, an instrument for transmitting sounds by means of light This acts aa follows At the receiving station there Is plate of selenium in circuit with a small battery and a bell telephone; at the sending station there Is a kind ot transmitter in which the vibration due to the voice cause a light mirror to vibrate, thus reflecting a beam ol flight falling on it at varying Anglos (consequently with varying Intensity) against the selenium plate of the receiver. The varying light intensity produces varying resistance in th selenium, which causes variations in the current passing through it from the little battery, and this again causes the original sounds to be reproduced In the telephone. The experiments of last year inaSe by me physicist Ernst Ruhmer, In conjunction with tho War and Naval Construction Bureau of the Slemens-Schucke-rt works (the manufacturer of the large searchlights) on the Wannsee, making by means of g searchlight, which could throw Its beams to a considerable distance on a selenium cell, certain light signals, able excitement la the scientific world. In mat case, by means of a microphone me sound waves ot the voice were transformed Into ele trlcal waves causing variations in me current passing through an eiecfia arc light which produced corresponding variations of its light intensity, and thus made the electric aro lamp A Summary pio-duce- co-si- d de their control It is idle to argue that by great industries can make things cheaper and life easier for the average man. As long as the price of such benefits is me mastery of the few over tho many In any particular the existence of euch power will be resented in Epeak. The latter was accompHsboiS by receiving the varying beams from the United States. the electric arc light on a paraboJia The failure of the late George M. mirror, which concentrated their efPullman's benevolent dream illus- fects on a selenium cell, acting as trates the point. His model town probabove explained to reproduce me origably secured to Its people easier lives inal sounds in a telephone in circuit for the same effort than they could with the have found elsewhere. But they had to live there, not in their own way. but in bis way. this American nature rose in rebellion. Where the shoe pinches most as re gards the trusts Is In the power it gives a few over the many. The few may have the most benevolent intentions. The they organize may actually make life easier to mil lions most of the time. But still they have the power to make life harder, and the average American citizen will not have it so. This Is a very practical country, but It has a few ideals that are larger and stronger and sacred er In its eyes than ail else in the world. Its people are willing to sacrifice food and drink to keep these lieals and to realize them. And the Ideal that no American citizen has a master, that the American people are beholden to no body of men except themselves. Is the largest and strongest and sacredest of all. Chicago Inter Ocean. And-again- The whole thing is more or less e PHOTOPHONE TELEGRAPHY. st American Barbers In London. In an East End police court tho other day a curious case of assault wa heard A youngster, It appears, was sent by his father to hav9 his hair cut. Tho tarber, according to the father, ran a pair of clippers all over the boy's head except In front, where he left an enormous fringe. To mark his displeasure the father gave the barber a sound thrashing. It is, however, not only In the East End that barbers show a great ignorance of their traJ In New York or Paris it Is the easiest thing possible for a man to hava his hair cut properly. In London it Is hardly too much to say that there are only half a dozen places where a barber knows his business. The average barber has only one method of cutting hair, which he Invariably carries out, irrespective altogether of the wishes of his customers. I believe that if aa American hairdresser were to open a dozen shops In different parts of London he would rapidly make his fortune, provided, of course, he employed the right sort of men to cut his customers balr. London Tattler. A small fraction of aa onco of ia-diu- e properly employed, would a good light sufficient for several rooms, and would not require renewal irtn the present century. pro-rid- selenium. This light telephony has now be-converted Into telegraphy by an ar rangement Invented by Ruhmer. Ia this the arc lamp Is Influenced by as Induction coil with a mercury inter rupter, which together with a Mors key is Inserted In me circuit' of the secondary coll. while me arc light cur rent passes through me primary. If tb : sccoidaiy circuit constantly end) rapidly interrupted. Is closed by means of the Morse key, there Is produced la the primary arc lamp circuit an undu lating current which causes a rapid) variation In the light Intensity of the arc lamp, the effect of which Is trans mitted to the selenium plae. In the telephone connected with it this is re produced as a uniform tone, lasting as long as the Morse key closes the secondary circuit By means of the key, however, the long and snort syri-bol- s of the Morse aluhabet can l e transmitted and distinctly made au.il-b-lc as sounds in the receiving tele phone. The advantage of this system in a military Rrnsc is evident The varia tions In light Intensity cannot be de tected, consequently the enemy cannot ta'ne the message, even If he twra tho l'ght, and the message transmitted can therefore be kept entirely secret This Is a great advantage (which does not hold with the ordinary wireless telegraphy), and the new system will probably find considerable application ia the army and the navy, since it caa be readhy combined with me searchlight plant on land, aboard ship, or li fortifications. The Siemens Sehuckert works aro . now constructing the apparatus required by this system for both sending and receiving stations. a American Fruit Industry. The development of tho fruit industry in the United States is one of the pleasing results of the protective tariff. In 1891 the Imports of fruits and nU rcarhed nearly $26,000,000 In valu while the exports were of the value of But lAst year the Imports $2,434,793. aggregated $22,000,000 in value, whilef the exports reached nearly the same figures. Of the Imports over $7,000,001 worth consisted of bananas. In tlmo the United States, Including Its oisV lying possessions, will supply Dearly all of the fruit and nuts consumed la this country and vaat mOTIons for ssv port Philadelphia Press. |