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Show J , THE NEIGHBOR Page Thurs., March 2 Smoking: Personal Choice and Morals It is unlikely that the debate over smoking will become more calm and rational. If this country learned anything during prohibition, 4t must have beeno distinguish between moral problems, where one mans actions affect the welfare of society, and problems of health and personal choice. Demands abound, including many which are Irrational. "At a recent meeting of the Davis County Chapter, Utah Comniittee on Children and Youth, discussion groups recommended, arrioung other things that made sense, the following illogical, unrealistic proposals: that cigarette machines either be abolished or placed under- strict' surveillance, that emand that ployers be urged to hire government agencies be asked to prohibit smoking on their premises. A letter to the editor in the March 2 Deseret News comes urder the classification of the illogical, that th criteria for election in the state legislature be whether or not the candidate smokes. 'Among the sensible proposals are those con ceming education in the schools on the effects of smoking as have been conclusively shown by the Surgeon Generals report and other - non-smok- ers authoritative sources. of a ban on cigarette advera one. We think this should difficult tising is a on be' voluntary basis, and it would be encouraged if the largest radio and television station in the valley - KSL were to lead the ' . way in this voluntary effort. J'he question Our concern here is not whether cigarette smoking is good or bad for individual health -The Surgeon General proved ittsnt. Wegetthe feeling that there is an attempt in the land to make a moral issue out of cigarette smoking itself. Since the person who chooses to smoke does not impair the welfare of society, his action is not a question of morality, and thus it is not a matter for compulsory or governmental prohibition. The final determination must be made by the individual cognizenf of the facts. The final guidance must come from the individual parent. The responsibility for direction in this matter must be within the home, and should not be passed on to the public.. , Education, on the facts about smoking as determined by medical sources is one thing it should continue and be strengthened. The temptation to teach it as a moral issue in the public schools by those who do not believe in jsmoking is quite another thing. . - On Going Away to College were a little surprised to see that such a distinguished scientist as Dr. Henry Eyring chided parents for sacrificing to send their children away to college. He made statements on this subject at an evening session of the second Intermountain Junior Science and Humanities Symposium last Thursday. We . The point is that while an excellent education is available at the University of Utah.BYU, Weber or USU - a different kind of education, with .different emphasis may be available at Cal Tech, Stanford, Yale, Columbia, Williams etc. Editors.Note The recent discussions of ty consolidation of services have again brought up the question of Metropolitan Government for Salt Lake The Neighbor preCounty. sents in this issue the viewpoints of M Walker Wallace, prominent civic leader, and student of civic planning. Other viewpoints on this quesfu. tion will be presented in ture issues. This is an important subject, and one which should be fully aired from all sides. We lnylte our readers to contribute their ideas as well. here. For most students the home. state uniter sites are best, but we would hate to see any student or parent who longs for the scientiflq intensity of a Cal Tech or the educational concentration of a small school like Williams be dissuaded by Dr. Eyring. 1 Metropolitan ment Q. WHAT The word "metropolitan derives from the Greek word (meter equals metropolis mother plus polls equals city) which was first used by the ancieht Greeks to designate the mother or parent city of a colony. The phrase metropolitan area is now used to ' designate the urbanized or built-u- p area surrounding a large city. In fact, the U.S, Bureau of the Census has a specific definition for a standard metropolitan area (SMA) which it uses in allocating population. It says that an area having an Integrated economy and containing one or more central cities with a population of at least 50,000 (adjacent counties having at least 50.000 are included) is a metropolitan area. Based on this definition, the Salt Lake Metropolitan Area Includes all of Salt Lake Coun- -' ty, with a population of about 425.000, and all of Davis County, with a population of about 75.000, for a total population of about 500,000 people. n EXCEED CITIES During the past 50 years, however, most cities have failed to annex areas of growth and there are now many instances in which the population of an area governed by a county, outside the central city, has exceeded the population of the city Itself. This is now the case in Salt Lake ' City, which has a population of about 185,000, compared to 190.000 In the County outside the City. The result of this failure to annex is that counties have 1 had to provide services which were never intended in the traditional concept of county government. Now, many counties provide garbage collection, fire, police, and health protection, water and sewerage and many more of the services usually associated with cities. However, counties, particularly in the west, still have the old governmental structure, (commission or board of supervisors, characterized as headless wonders by one well known writer), designed originally to handle only the traditional county functions. PARKS, FIRE course, is one of the big problems. And it's one' master that the plan will help us on. If we continued the chancy way of development thats been going on, we might a fire house, for example, where it would turn out we didnt need one. This way we have an indication of what type of building will be going up in an area, and .we can plan accordingly. Water is another good example. We can Judge the potential use in an area, so we can allow for big enough pipes. Its the same way with the other utilities. build -- T WHAT ABOUT SERVICES LIKE SCHOOLS AND PARKS? Q. The master plan allows us to consider the park and school situation as a whole. The parks which are on the plans now A. Annexation was mentioned and was used widely in the 19th century. It almost always involved unincorporated territory, and since many of the suburbs of 1. earlier, IPS5 large cities have become incorporated, annexation is no longer a significant device to Integrate the governmental organization of metropolitan igia- sssi areas. Consolida. tion usually consists of the merger of the governments of the county and all the muniClty-Coun- ! ty cipalities within it to form a single government. Only five major areas have attempted consolidation; New Orleans, Boston, Philadelphia, Ner, York, and Baton Rouge, add all were accomplished before the turn of the century. Consolidation has not been used subsequently, probably because of proven Inability of these five their territory significantly since consolidation. 3. politan Area are many political and governmental subdivisions; the two counties, Salt Lake City, the many other cities and towns, and a number of special taxing units such as school districts, sewer districts and so on. Thus, despite the fact that our area is described by the Census Bureau as one having an Integrated economy, It Is governed In a piecemeal fashion by a multitude of independent, unrelated units. This was not meant to be, but it has happened Traditionally, government In the United States has assumed four levels: National (federal), State, County, and Municipal. There isn't much argument about the difference between our federal and state governments, but the line between county and municipal governments has become less, distinct. Counties were originally conceived as having primarily tax collecting, record keeping and Judicial functions. In the west, law enforcement' in the form of the county sheriff was also an important function. Cities and towns were expected to provide the usual urban services, and when population spilled out beyond the city limits, the city usually annexed that area. The original concept provided a clear distinction. UTILITIES, SCHOOLS, FORTH? AND SO A. That, of r r -- We could always borrow 50,000 of those buttons from the Avis people Opiniow PIECEMEAL GOVERNMENTS Within the Salt Lake Metro- ABOUT DEPARTMENTS, States in the century has produced many vexing problems including duplicating and overlapping of functions never before experienced in the history of our country. The various attempts to solve these problems have usually come under the heading of Metropolitan Government, but within this broad heading are many widely differing approaches. They can all be put into six major groups. P? One reason were doing this planning is to make the growth as painless as possible. In these two areas there are many vacant lots. In fact the growth we see lsprlmarlly the filling of these open spaces. There are still many lots which are primarily agricultural. As the master plan shows, we expect to havfe most of the agricultural area west of The Jordan River south of the.70s South and east oflhe River below 100 South. govern- The tremendous growth experienced by the large metropolitan areas of the United SET-U- A. APPROACHES City-Coun- A Our state universities are good in some of these areas. There are schools superior to ' them in others. Often the privately endowed University can undertake objectives difficult for state supported schools. Most of them give scholarships and excellent earning opportunity. The enriching value of going to college away , from home is important too. Meeting people with completely different backgrounds, and encountering new environments rounds out a personas outlook. For these very reasons it makes sense for students from the East or ' the coast to come to one of our fine schools toaldy laugh by M Walker Wallace COUNTIES college education involves more than how hard a student works with a given range of textbooks. To be meaningful it must include an atmosphere conducive to intellectual achievement, a certain kind of faculty selected for particular abilities, an institution of a size best suited to the individual, facilities designed for unique .purposes, and special programs developed for particularstudents. iho Metropolitan Government 5, 1964 snpEsroEiJLEiaLi m Q. WON'T THIS GROWTH DISRUPT THE CURRENT Salt Lake County, Utah Separation is distinguished from consolidation in that the city, sometimes after enlargement, Is detached from the county to form a new city an& county with boundaries: Some larger cities which have undergone this process ar.e St. Louis, San Baltimore, Francisco, and most recently) Denver, in 1902. The major advantage tojthe city irtjhls procedure is that it eliminates county spending in areas, part of the taxes collected in the city (currently of major concern to Salt Lake City taxpayers). However, separation has serious shortcomings as a method of meeting the metropolitan problem, principally because it tends to reduce rather than expand the governmental Jurisdiction, and is not flexible enough to keep pace with expansion. For example, since the city and county of Denver became in 1902, the actual metropolitan area has spilled over into the four surrounding counties, and the metropolitan problem in Denver is now as serious as any in the United States. V City-Coun- p basis. responsibilities would area-wid- e . WHAT DO YOU KNOW ABOUT THE COUNTY MASTER-PLAAND WHAT DO YOU THINK OF IT? , . , This week we asked this question of people in Cottonwood Mall. The answers we got were like this; I ! 'I guess Q. WILL ALL THIS GROWTH CAUSE A BAD TRAFFIC PROBLEM? THINGS ARE BAD ENOUGH THE WAY THEY ARE. ' its all right. 4'Tfie what? Pve never heard of it? JIve head of it, but I dont know any of the details about it. A. We hope it wont, and weve been working with the State , Highway Department on road plans as well as working with our own zoinlng plans. The .highway department has been doing So, weve decided to ask the opinion of the man who knows the most about it. Hes Mr. Clayne J. Ricks, Assistant Director of the Salt Lake County Planning Commission. Hes the .man in charge of the master plan. 5. The Transfer of Functions approach to metropolitan problems is somewhat less drastic than the federation approach in that it usually does not involve a new level of government. Most com-- " monly it Involves the transfer of certain functions from city to county government, la Please turn to page 3 column 4 studies... O-- D Q. O-- 'w A Question And Answer Session WHAT WILL ALL THIS DO TO THE TAX RATE? IT LIKE A PRETTY EXPENSIVE THING. Q. BEFORE GET INTO THE PARTICULARS OF THE MASTER PLAN, MR. RICKS, CAljT YOU GIVE US A GENERAL IDEA OF THE PLAN AND WHAT IT'S FOR? SOUNDS WE A. It will be expensive, but not as expensive as if we didnt' have a plan and developed in a random way. As I said before, there wont be useless duplication of services, or services available where a need doesnt develop. Another thing -- - youjll notice that there is a chain of industrial and commercial areas along the site of Interstate 15 and along the present ' State Street. These areas will help lessen the tax load on homeowners in the surrounding areas. There are some ideal locations for commercial development and light manufacturing and fabrication plants. There are two railroads and Interstate 15. The Junction of Interstate 15 and the Belt Route at about 72nd South in Murray will be the easiest point to get to in the county. With the freight possibilities that I Just Mentioned and the nearness of the Cottonwool residential areas, its a natural site for future industrial growth. In the very long-rantheres, a chance of industrial development around State Street and 94th to 98th South. A. The plan takes in all of Salt Lake County and considers the surrounding area as much as it will effect the development of the county. For working purposes eve divided metropolitan and adjacent regions into seven areas. These are (5) (L) Salt Lake City, (2) Valley, Little mountlan Cottonwood, Southwest, (4) Southeast and CO .outlying (6) Big Cottonwood areas. WHERE AREAS? $1. (3) ARE THE BIG AND LITTLE COTTONWOOD The Big Cottonwood area goes from the freeway which is planned for about 24th South to the Belt Route around 74th South and from the Wasatch Mountains on the east to the Jordan River on the west. The Little Cottonwood area is directly south of the Big Cottonwood area and goes to about 100 South, where the Cottonwood Dry Wash is located. A. Q. WHY ge q! THIS AREA WILL CONTRIBUTE FOR THESE AREAS THEN? IS THE COUNTY DIVIDED INTO THESE PLANNING AREAS? HOW WILL AREAS? THIS PLAN THE TAX INCOME THIS SOUNDS LIKE QUITE A PLAN. IS THERE ACTUALLY ENOUGH LAND TO DO ALL THIS? Q.- - t theres even a lot of land left over. At the present Salt Lake County has 184,000 acres of developable land available. During the next 25 years we estimate that well need only about 40,000 of these. Too much land is almost one of our problems. If people built wherever they please, communities would have to spend huge amounts to supply utilities and so forth. By keeping the building in limited areas, we can keep municipal costs down. A. Yes, EFFECT THE COTTONWOOD A. For the most part it will give a general course of development for them. This will be a continuation of the way theyve been developing up to now, predominately low density residential and parks. And theres some general commercial and industrial area along Interstate 15, which runs through the western parts of the two Cottonwood districts. 70 j A. Yes, and although theyll require some fire and police protection, they won't themselves, need schools and other munlclple expenses. By considering the county area by area we can think of the various needs which go with the different areas. For example, the two Cottonwood areas are primarily light residential, while the Salt Lake area has llghq medium, and heavy residential as well as large commercial and industrial needs. A. Q. STUDIES? Origin - Destination studies. They show the frequent trips most people are likely to take. By taking surveys of traffic and population now, and eomparing it with population as we see it on the master plan, they can program a computer to predict the probable traffic patterns when the areas grow according to plan. As they see it, 90th and 45th South will be widened to four-lan- e East and 20th highways. Twenty-thir- d Eist will become major arteries. Twentieth East will be extended to 90th South, perhaps to 94th South. The County Master Plan Q. D A. i Such be metropolitan planning, fire, police, and health protection, major highway planning and construction, water and sewerage. Local municipalities would still be responsible for local planning, local road construction and maintenance, and other purely local affairs. A disadvantage Co some) is the addition of a new level of government. The niost notable example of federated metropolitan government is Toronto, Canada. The Toronto Plan was passed by the voters in 1953, and though difficulties have been experienced, the plan has proven successful In the long run. ln the low area which crosses 4500 South &Cabojt 13th wEast, a large park east of Murray from State Street to 900 East, a park which will boarder the present Meadbwbrook Golf Club, a park in the eastern part of the Little Cottonwood region around the 80s. We alfo hope to greatly expand the available park a!rea by converting the dry wash at the southern end of the Little Cottonwood area into a picnic spot. The Jordan River is a natural place for recreational development. are a large one ty 4. Federation involves the addition of a new level of metropolitan government into the existing pattern of city and county government, and dividing governmental functions between all three. A major advantage of this approach is that it retains a certain amount of local autonomy while assigning the new metropolitan government certain responsibilities which are best handled on an Mr. Clayne Ricks indicates development areas on County Master Plan map - Q. WHAT'S IN STORE FOR THE DRY WAShf have something special there. Were considering a collection of picnic groves. You know the area that can be covered by a rain bird Irrigation nozzle? Well, we plan to have lots of these green circles scattered in the wash. Each circle will have picnic equipment and will be separate from the other circles. This will give privacy and a more informal appearance. Q. WHAT ABOUT THE JORDAN RIVER? A, We Q. YOU MENTIONED LIGHT RESIDENTIAL. WHAT'S THAT? Light residential, or low density residential, is one to five families per acre. The Little Cottonwood area Is one district we expect' to increase steadily and rapidly. At the present it is about 16 percent developed. In this plan we expect a development to perhaps as much as 60 percent and the population will 'increase from 26,381 to ground 118,300. The Big .Cottonwood area will more than double its from 104,476 in the 1960 census to 241,300 in population 1985. This will take lots of planning. A. 25-ye- ar . f Thats going to be a real big recreation area. We see a long park along the river from about 3500 South' to Sandy. ' Front there we plan a dam and a long lake which will stretch to around 140th, to 150th Sooth. This will provide freshwater other sports. boating, swimming, and Continued, Page 3 A. . -- |