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Show I THE MURRAY EAGLE, MURRAY, UTAH With Food Supply Expected to Be Tighter Than Ever, News Behin Women's Land Army Faces Its Greatest Challenge Cooperaf ion for Peace Based on Compromise Every Sort of Farm Job Nations Must Yield Some Sovereignty to Lend Helping Hand Against To World Security. Threats Service, I'nlnn Trust Building, Washington, I). C, The tumult SAN FRANCISCO. and the shouting dies, the captains and the kings depart, still stands an humble Thine ancient sacrifice so said and a contrite heart. of a Kipling in describing the end our navies melt war ("far-calleway.") As I review this chapter of current history here at San Francesco where the world security or ganization is In the making, I am impressed with one thing: what has already been achieved containing merit and the seeds of hope for a peaceful world has been achieved by the sacrifice offered by the humble and contrite hearts. That sounds somewhat Idealistic perhaps but let me explain. I think It Is not an exaggeration e to say that compromise is the of harmony whether it is a question of interpersonal, lnter-partInterstate or international relations. And what it compromise but sacrifice? Applied to the United Nations conference on international organization, sacrifice of national aspiration, and compromise which meant yielding actual selfish advantage of the moment In the hope of gaining potential advantage for the general good, have at least given evidence of good will Good will, Implemented by popular endorsement, means practical progress toward peace. - ... d key-iton- y, Peace More Natural Than War You may have read a very trencn-an- t article by Emery Reves, authority and writer on international affairs In the current Mercury magazine, which confutes the argument that since war is a part of human nature, it can never be Mr. Reves goes about his task of disproving this convent h- -" mlde of the pessimist In a highly "sov-errign?- still whlc'.i Is a fighting word, The United Slates U willing, aixi uis to participate in the United Natiins organization the pcojse have given that mandate to both parties, nut will she yield her sovereignty? If so, how much? toil ty 15 A UBS j nr f ap-pl- e. -hu- by llaukhn fiv There were several noticeable At one of the ric conference! shortages at the United Nations con- Secretary Sictlinhis who prides himference: stenographers who cculd self on gelling r.sTiics right ad talk Russian, taxis, butter (no end), dressed Mr. Kaltenborn as lUi.k hews, time to get it, a good excuse hage. I got publicity Stettinius aic to stay longtr. There were some surKallenborn got the red faces. plusages: Invitations one couldn't A accept, comments on the Veather, fniV.il rn.t. t n mutton chops, trolley cars on Mar- which isn't much when you ron.m ket street, propagandists parading It with what a person would givi as newsfclk, talk end work. not to have to wear one full-lenrt- V rs rat i Pit II m rwm 0" 1 V ' Git Yield Sovereignty To Higher Community The sovereign power of the cities yielded to the power of the nation; England and Scotland yielded their separate sovereignty to the sovereignty of the British crown. This occurred as a part of the due process of civilirnlion which began when the Individual cave man agreed to abide by the rules of the tribe, the tribe submitted to the will of the community and so on until the process produced the United States. Here is a vast area occupying a huge sector of a great continent, which, after a thoiy war where state rights versus federal authority was the issue, became a unified whole. H.itos. rivalries, competition, religious and economic difference continue as a p.irt of human na ture) but Internecine strife is un- thinkable. Where's the rub. then? Just, Until complete victory is If she will not, it is largely a matof ignorance as to what that won, there must be no letup sacrifice involves. And who makes on the home front. In this the sacrifice? The people themcritical year of war, the high selves or some abstraction known as rate of food production must the "government?" be continued. At the same At this point let me quote that time, the farm labor shortage other student of international relawill be even more serious in tions, who, it is true, does not raise areas. many his sight to the point of world federThe answer is for town and city a ation but who has urged it on people especially women and youth more limited basis. to step into the breach, as they I refer to Clarence Streit who has have done for the past three years. long campaigned for a federal union Farm people themselves are workof the north Atlantic democracies. ing harder and longer hours than lie says that the only loss of sover- ever before. But they need extra eignty involved is the subordination helpers, especially during the har- of the ruling bodies to the ruling vest season. That group of women body of the union, that a citizen still doing emergency wartime farm has the right of franchise and all work comprise the Women's Land the rest of his rights. army. Their patriotic efforts have Does the citizen of Richmond, Va., saved farm crops in thousands of who, after the secession of the southcases. ern states owed his allegiance to the The Women's Land army Is a Confederacy, enjoy any less rights movement rather than an organiza-- j today when the seat of his federal tion. It is a seasonal army. mainly the all of is the capital government In each itate, it is under the direc-- j United States, Is the Scotsman in tion of the state extension service, of Edinburgh deprived any privi- j with headquarters at the state agri leges which he held when he was a cultural Most states nave college. of Scottisn or laird chieftain, subject a Women's Land army supervisor king? On the contrary. who works closely with the county U. S. Learnt to agricultural agents and their farm labor assistants. In most localities, Give and Take the county agent administers the The American representative who emergency farm labor program . . . sits in the assembly or is chosen to recruiting and placing workers on the council of the proposed United farms. Last these local placeNations organization Is no less the ment offices year, . . . 12,000 over the e Bing-villof of John Q. Citizen servant country . . . placed about 350,000 than the man he elects. women in farm work, and about as In proportion to their size, there many other women were recruited are no less rivalries between San directly by farmers or found their Francisco and Los Angeles than there are between any two nations of the earth. But cities and states of our federal union would no more think of attempting armed warfare with each other than any decent citizen would think of shooting up his neighbor to get his radio, his wife or his parking privileges. We are that civilized. We ac eept the sacrifice of sovereignty ot our home state to sovereignty under the United States. When we advance to the point where we can sacrifice the degree of sovereignty of our nation necessary In order to guarantee world order we will be civilized enough to be sure that our sons won't run the chance of killing and being killed as part of a spectacle of mass murder which even the horrors of this war will pale. The San Francisco conference can present a blue print of the machinery for peace. Only civilization itself can implement it. j, i. It is easier to understand things Her husband I fighting on some we can see and touch than ideas. raclfic Island, and she Is doing her bit on the home front by working Brooks Harding was born in on a Connecticut dairy farm. Her Nebraska and crew ud with the dutlea Include milking, cleaning the normal nationalism of a boy who barn, and caring for the calvea. had never seen a foreign flag flying anywhere. He served In the last own Jobs. These women received prewar in the artillery, later became vailing farm wages for the amount Interested in aviation. He had a and type of work done. Besides these small aircraft factory, and then a a great many farm women worked small leather factory in New York on their own and neighboring farms. state. Who Are WLA Workers? He watched the League of Nations All women who help In the warrise and fall. He saw the United time production of food, feed, or fiber Nations start. He became convinced are a part of the Women's Land that unless there was some outarmy. Women from cities ward symbol, some outward appeal and towns . . , farm farms, women who which would stir the imagination work longer hours than ever before and the emotions of the people, the . . . women from offices, factories second attempt at world harmony and stores . . . women whose huswould fail as did the first. bands are overseas . . . housewives, And so he literally left all he had college girls and teachers. . . They with the sole purpose of making are women of all ages who spend his contribution in the form of a all summer, all year, or only a few United Nations' flag. hours, a week end or a vacation That flag has not been officially rcriod-hclp- ing bring through the adopted but It flew in Washington farm crops our country must have. and It flew In San Fr.mcleo a North, aouth, and wetl. womplain white field with four vertical en do all kind of farm work. Singly red bars symbolizing, he i.iyj, vic- and In group, ihry pick bean, tory, equality, unity and freedom and other vegetable. They It i uponnnrrd by the U"ite-- Vi. ilrt.cl corn, knock grain, pUk tions Honor Flag committee suppick and pack berrlr. ported by such contributions which peat lie, grape, other fruit he could make or which he could and nut. Thry work In cotton, solicit in travels about the coun- grain, tohaee and flax; drive tratry. ctor, farm truek and combine; He hopes for its ofTicial sanction milk the com and tare for poultry He feels that this banner may Dock. In brief, a and nhrre needsome day become the rallying iti. ed, women help plant, cultivate, and signia for the people of nli pence-lovin- harvest the food and fiber crop and nation, who without slacken care for Uir tlvcMm k all no necc-aar- y In the war effort. Ing their loyalty to their own co,m. try will mpect end support the Farm wives and daughters ndreds forces for international gmul will of thousands of them da a which this emblem represents. magnificent Job, helping with hay ter I t - "yk"- - ifjff';'1 4 t.- . !vJ hi i.r n m1 Hill-man- vest. up scientific manner. "Why," he asks, "did cities once wage war against each other and why tto' titey no longer fight eacn other with weapons today? "Why, at certain times did great landowner barons war with each other and why have they ceased the practice? "Why did the various churches plunge their adherents into armed warfare and why today, are they able to worship side by side without shooting each other? Why did Scotland and England, '.he author continues, and other parts of what are now single nations, once fight and now live together peacefully? Reves points out that these and other groups, presumably because it was the nature of the beast to once consider It natural to decide their differences with tooth, claw, pow der and shot, or bow and arrow and yet that kind of legal murder no longer exists and would horrify modern man. This is his answer to these provocative questions: "Wars between these social units cease to exist the moment sovereign power is transferred to a larger or higher unit." That is worth pondering. CIO REBUKED AT SAN FRANCISCO CONFAB Here is the storj WASHINGTON. no one could get at San Francisco , the inside story of why Sidney oi Russian labor, and leftists have done an outstanding job in this war, and nowhere have their efforts hppn more imDortant than in helping with the farm har By HAUKIIAGE ' Released by Western Newspaper Union. Women iWrcj Anulyat and Commentator. M'XU By HUL rJALLON Blueb An Lolnr City Girls and Women Urgently Needed for 1 Stitched British trade unions happened to assemble their new world labor order on OaK-lanacross the bay, just at the very day of the opening of the world peace conference, and what they were up d, to. All inquiries were pushed aside out there with the exnew world labor this that planation , power, called the World Trade Union DLUEBIRDS happiness-wh- at Congress, was merely looking for remor(J flected publicity from its proximity bride's linens? Do them to the conference, or something simural color. ilarly inconsequential. hidwas the no is wonder It story Pattern 7481 ha ,3 den securely beneath a rubble of stitchery. natter n nf 9f) mntif. u . 1 confusing explanations because it would have disclosed a coup de conference planned by Mr. Hillman Sewing Circle Needlecnlt Box 3217 and his Russian associates a coup SanFtancijt,j which was squelched completely in Enclos 18 centi for p(ttq a secret meeting of the conference No- steering committee, despite interName vention by no less a power than Address- himself. These are the facts: The Oakland labor assembly was completely under control of Hillman and the Russians, with the British The riding quietly behind them. Relieved in S minutes or dotbli head of the Russian labor delegation Wtwn an itonuch icid aaa jkA. 3 Ing deleat Oakland was also an official iu. Mur ttommcC ud banian fajj preecnb th fMtet-rtim5wt, relief medinml 1, uT FranSan the for in Russia ymptomitic gate No Thlt. cisco peace meeting and the pipevuur money Hcl on jiii j uiilxwuuib mi to ot. t all dragguu. line between. Sidney Hillman u i "vi J Probably the greatest need for seasonal help is In harvesting perishable vegetables and fruits. It Is particularly important that all of the tomato crop be brought to market, as this vegetable Is a cheap and abundant source of vitamin C. ing, milking, feeding livestock. They handle Just about every farm task, many of which they have never done before, putting in long hours at the double Job of housework and farm ning of recreation in camp, "We're all friends, and that's what we're fighting for, isn't it?" Even more interesting than picking cherries was the "contact with work. different people," wrote another Typical is one midwestern farm camp worker on returning home. woman who, during corn planting Her fellow campers included an Italtime, drove a tractor from 4 to 8 ian teacher, a woman who had fled a. m. each day, and then did the from Germany, college students, a farm chores before starting her librarian, a magazine writer, a regular housework, which she does governess, and a mother of 12 chilwithout benefit of electricity and dren. running water. In some cases, women live right Town Women Prove Capable. on the farm for the summer. They Even though town women were at do such work as taking care of the first accepted reluctantly by many garden, planting, hoeing and harfarmers, they have now proved themcarrots or other vegeonions, vesting selves in farm work. Their help is tables, or helping do a hired man's especially valuable at harvest time, of such workers are a for crops like apples, peaches and job. Typical serviceman's wife who has full care other fruit; for beans, tomatoes, po- of the poultry flock on a large gentatoes, peanuts and cotton. Teacheral farm, and a woman who has ers and college girls often spend two of the milk room on a dairy or three summer months in farm charge farm. work. Business women work part Some women serve as "hired of their vacation time, evenings and hands." They milk, take care of week ends harvesting tomatoes, beans and carrots, detasscling corn the poultry flock, feed livestock, and and picking apples, peaches and work in the field. Of the approximately 9,000 women placed for year-roun- d grapes. work in 1W4, many of them Homemakers also answer the lowere wives of men employed on the cal call for harvesting. For example, in an Oregon county same farm. How to Get a Farm Job. last year, 500 homemakers helped A woman who can work for the save the bean crop. Each day they boarded the "Housewives Special" entire summer or for several weeks, buses leaving for the field at 8:30 should consult her county extension a. m. and returning at 3 p. m. This agent or local farm employment ofgave them time to do the family fice immediately. These offices usu- breakfast before leaving and to market for supper in the late afternoon. In Washington, as in other states, women Joined groups of "twilight pickers" . . . working evenings in the big berry crop. And In a Cali' " fornia county, women working 7 to (! 11 p. m. as peach cutters to help save 20.000 tons of peaches by drying were known as the "Victory peak-seaso- n w ' w Shift" Women's underlying motive for doing farm work Is, for the most part, patriotisma deep desire to to have a part in feeding help our soldiers and our allies and an tnterse conviction that no food should go to waste. As a woman said, after picking 3 tons of beans. "I'm glad to do it . . , you ice. I have a son in the air corps." Of women who do farm work, by far the greatest number live at home and work by the day, or part-timon farms nearby. Spend Vacations on Farm. Some women, especially college girls, teachers and business women, spend rart of their vacation lime In labor supj ly camps, working on surrounding f irms For one week, two weeks. r the entire summer, they cultivate and pick vegetables or harvest fruit. Many Smith College student, as a part of their college' summer plan of "work or study" formed groups which lived as one household in the farming ar'.j where ... they worked. Camps for women workers arc erated op- Last year. New Yoik state's WLA camps about 3.000 New York City women and girls on their vacation time. t.;fe In camp Is not all worn. Wotrrn find it IntcrrMing and broad-cuing- . wi!h the companionship t women from many different places. As ore Said, afier an eve in nulne Mnal, S. lon many Hates, women and houele of hoi k nat on farm near I., Jrl. IK- A student from William and Mary college spend part of her summer vacation pl king, grading and packing peaehes in a Virginia orchard. ally are located in the County court-hous- e or federal (post office) building. If she cannot find this local office, she may write to the Women's Land army supervisor at her state agncul'.utl college, or to Women's Land army, United States Department of Agriculture, Washington 15 D. C. A woman who can work for only short periods of time should stand by for the call in her community. It will come through her local news-papeand over the radio. She will then be told when and where to apply. ' j "'?' Lr". iT t Lfy 7 v . .. Gas on SW liti. PLAN WORKED UPON Through him the Hillman crowd worked up a program w:hereby they would all get into the conference and into the permanent peace setup by being established as the group to handle world labor problems. They succeeded in getting the economic committee of the conference to approve their entry as consultants. The economic committee includes strong representation of smaller nations, particularly Latin America. A resolution carrying out this purpose was handed by the economic committee to the steering committee which is composed of all nations. After some warm discussion, that guiding committee of the conference decided it would not even go into the matter thoroughly and defeated the resolution. When Hillman saw this coming he got Molotov to champion his cause, and it was the Russian foreign minister who pressed the matter as far as it went in the steering committee. By his own adroitness, Hillman thus ontslicked himself and disclosed his hand. That Molotov would champion his cause was evidence to everyone on the inside that their fears and suspicions about Hillman's trade union congress had solid ground that it was more Russian than worldly. A few days later the Oakland meeting quietly adjourned without taking any noticeable action and Mr. Hillman went off to southern California for a rest. The frustration of the coup repre sented a victory for Bill Green. th AFL president, who has been vigorously fighting Hillman's attempt since the last election to establish with the Communist a world labor front. WORLD LABOR PLANS Green demanded in resolutions - ' Mo-loto- v - ; , ''iSiir'v'-;iV:- Hc- Ol V " passed by his executive council (May 8) that world labor be represented in the future world order by the International Labor Office, a successful creature of the old League of Nations. Shrewdly he did not seek the plan for his own AFL world group which is represented by an organizatior known as the International Fedora tion of Trades Unions. He did not jeek to steal for himself the world nuthority and powei which he would deny to the CIC crowd, but would leave It to on es tablished League of Nations organ laiion. His protection was impreg nable. I hear that even the British havi become suspicious of Hillman's cf fort to align with the Communist! In a front which would in some wayi be as powerful as the peace setiir of the nations nnd- -if Hillman's cour had gone through-ab- le to Influenc the Judgment of nations. The Rus sian unions are not free trade unions I understand that even Sir Waltei Citrine, the British ultra libera leader, Is looking for open doors be hind him to escape politely tin agreement. The British trade unions whlcl were unanimously represented It that London gathering have nov spl.t, and 1 do not expect they wil go very much fuither with Hillmai and the Russian effort to capture world labor control. Hillman, by this effort comity aiop his domestic electoral activl lies, has lost much ground In Wasn tr.glon, particularly In congress SNAPPY FACTS ate uyowj RUBBER ccnprJ Gulf Coait vehicle cein use a rubber-tire- d "marsh buggy." It It equippWrtj tires 120 Inches In diomtrHl 33'i-lnc- h crost lectiom. Tkt S tat price ceilings at $l,C7J.'.Ji' casings and $328.34 fa fck, Hawaii Is currently prein amounts of Him It Is the only r very small rubber. rubber being growl n the American flag oxctplH experimental Florida. plontmji Undamaged tire plonts h kfd and France fhothavefoJien) hands of the Allies are to b f work retreading truck HnsfaW vehicles which would olherwiH to be discarded. e?l I il ItffI..5 ixi'.uooani i - mjBnmA..lrS,i""' UUu I , MXV 1 xation.MnrtaViofi r JtA OUt grouts HVh-- , I'M fPX'Zv it i. II iH ABUT, Mi w I ' LmMbV fUV PA1U i ft r;r' eJ3 Million, m hv.FlrM.PAon'r'L, lubrlca her.lrnr.1 . iiiri.Mil,fi5 "' ' ' in rrdu clIK'S Ihornuah. flt. r.u.h..ut PAZ "",.( IUPPO$IT0ini Rom. rnmn.. rmn In h.n.l "'p"'rlH |