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Show PqeTwo THE MIDVALE JOURNA L Friday, July lt, 1929 HARM IN MULTIPUCITY OF tAWS BJ' IUilV. IL .A. NOBTHA.CKlCB. Jllmharat, I.. J. . Olt ll (Pr..b:rtfti&D). O UR national paaaion for lawmaking has compelle4 u to be walk· ing encyclopedias in a curiosity shop in order to a~ a working knowledge of the multiplicity of laws that are available for the few. Laws are either a blessing or a curse to th' indiTidual and to the nation. It is impOssible to govern morality and"tluty with street traffic signals, using ll()me laws to u.y go and othera to •1 atop. Such an effort throws everything on the main thoroughf&Je of conduct into confusion. The unwritten llws of the heart are the . narrow and guiding lpirit in life, and codified laws do not secure law-ebiding cltizeDS. Some actiona can be regulated by Jaw, but no amout of law will make a Jl&l'IOD ~ eat inside himaelf, change llis spirit or inspire affection. Good fa taught and caught, but never forced. Fa.inilies are bound together with the tie of love, not with a whip. Rules choke to death in the tangle of regulation. This paralysint repression of man's life is building a lifeless structure. It is a great mistake to measure deeds by the precision of certain laws and miss the spirit. Truth is greater than creed, and motive is deeper than method. REAL AIM OF PUBLIC EDUCATION B7 U. S. SENATOR BINGHAM, Connecticut. • By ELIMO SCOTT WATSON BAR the eourthouse at Knoxville, Teun.. stanu a tall white obeUak. A8 you walk alone one of the 8ha4y P&tha ill the courthouae yanl aDd approach the t'oweiing atone these wol'\'18 meet :rour eye: "The Jl'1rat . Governor of Tennessee John .SeYler, 'NoUch•eky Jack,' September 28, 1744; September 24, 1816-Ploneer, Soldier, Statesman aud ou of the ll'ouudera of the Republic." · You've never heard of "NoUchuckJ Jack"! Then you've m.lsaed JmowlDg onto of tbe reallJ creat eharaetera of the American frontier aud one of the moat picturesque tlgures In all our Jdatory. Walk around the monument aud read thJe Jxutcrlption : "Governor c,f the state of l'rallklln ; Six terms governor of Tennessee ; 11'0111' times elected to congress ; A projector and hero of KlDc's MouutalD ; 85 battles-M victories: B1li Indlau war cry was : 'Here they are I Come on. boys, eome on I' '' ThrllUnc as is the story which those words nueat, it Ia not eomplete until you read an 1naerlpt1on on atlll another side of the JDODument. Bere It u: "Katherine SbeniU SeTter, •~~qpy Kate,' ~e when a girl with her parents to TeDDe.BBee from North Carolina. Married Jm.,. Sevl.er AUfUSt 14, 1780, when abe was twenty-sb. She ~~ thit motber of eight children aiUI died XlefQber 1, 1836, aged eighty-two. Moved from :R~Hvttle, Ala., and relnterred here July 22, 1922... AJlt1 If a republic neglects the careful training of its citizens for the duties of citizenship, then it disregards the duty of self-preservatio n. The aim of public education should be the development of a sturdy~ self-reliant citizenry and the aim of good public schools should not be the acquisition of knowledge, but the development of character. ,.,. Concerning the "one-room" schoolhouse and its possible lack of modem facilities, the professional pedagogue looks upon this type of ed· ucational facility with its single overwoz:ked teacher and shakes his head because of the lack of apparatus and tohe lack of opportunity for f noJ~~o mal school graduate to put into practice the latest methoda of her profession. As a matter of fact, the one-room schoolllouse, with its single devoted teacher comes nearer to being a satisfactory successor to the home school than any device of modem education and fortunate indeed is the child today who learns to read at his mother's knee and whose parent. choose to take the time to fashion the character of the little children under their care. Ill the brick walls of the courthouse Dearb7 It a 100 more lnterest.Jng memento of W. peat frontiersman and hll pioneer wlte. 'l'h• Y~ wW aee the original tombstones of Bevier ~ his ''BoDDy Kate" which were' erected over the graves ill Alabama and moved to their pte~ent 1 tion nearly 100 years later. one bears the limp Inscription "J. Sevier Died September 24, :1815. The other reads "Catharine Sevier (Notfee tle crurerence in apelllng), Wife of Gov· entor J •hn Sevier of Tennessee. Died October 1, 1888. Aged eight)'-two years." These bad been erecrted over their craves In Alabama, where U.V apent tbelr last years. For blatory, J'OU He, bad not Jet given their people the proper perspectJve of time throUgh which to view their part fn buUdlnc the nation aud lt was not until aearly a Cfntury later that the Tennesseeans reelalmed them as their own ana paid to them ill eDduring atoue the honors due their greatness. ~or this John Sevier 1s cbaracterlzecl by one ~torlan thus; "The organizer of the ftrst, free and tnclepeDdeot government on the continent. The leader of a great commonwealth: an llldJan ftghter whom few have ever equalled: a soldier who could meet the tlneat troops on the eontinent. ill the tleld u4' with Interior numbers wln sueC8111 from adverse circumstances : an admlni• uator who could canduet the affairs of his fellowJDeQ under clreumaUI.nces of the greatest dUBeulty; a statesman who takes rank not far behind · those coloeaal men who watched the travail pains and faellltated the delivery of the new nation to be." him, too, another hlst:oriaD has written, ~ moet daring aplrlt. . • • was the young leba SeYler of ll'readl Bugenot t~~.muy (originally spelled Xavier) born ill Augusta county, Va. It w-. from lllillenJt;qft ill Shenandoah county whtre be was Uvillg the uueventfnl Ute of a small tariDer that be e~Dlgrated 1n December, 1778, to 0. Watauga rqlon (In eastern Tennessee). Wltll St. IU'rlval tbete becllUI one of the moet 11Mdn•• Ud romantic careers recorded ln the Ultec1 aDd ltb'rlag aDDa1s of tbe old Southwest. ID tlak .d'artaa e.Dd lmpetuou young . fellow, fall"~ ~HJed. mqnetle, debonatr-of powel"tul butld, ~endld proportloaa and athletlc sklll -we behold the ~t exet.Dplar of the truly lleroic llte ot the bordet. The ~ of hla llte, thrlUIDg ill the extrelae. Iii rich ln all the Dmltl-crolore4 ekiMate wbtell 11DI)8.rt tomance to the uaaou ~ of .blerleaa elYIIJsation 1n tile oPenlnat 7eaJ'If Of the Republle." The W•tauca ~enaent bad beeD made in 1709-70, by Jamett Robert.lon and 1 pUCJ ot l'iorth CBrollnl&JU~. who bad climbed the JQOUDtalns and bunt their eal)lpa lit a fertile 'Valley oa the otller ldde. The ""qa Vircl~ w:bo was a man of weall.b lD t.lioae da78, aoon became a leeGer ill the settlement anc1 fOI' the nut 48 ;reara lle was the one outstaDdlng tlllJ'M. ID that part of the tnntler couutry. l'or lt was DOt IOJlt after ..,_ amy_. that he bad an oppOttUDStJ to clemonstrate llJf qualiUea of, leadendllp '- tl1e trembles wttb the In~ns which llt&necl darlna the DaD1J110N .'tf'ar of 1774 aud continued after the outbreak of 'tile Revolution. DuriD& tile R-'YOlutloo Sevier IIIIWre tlWl -.ce brok• dp the ptua e1 the BI'IUsJl tw: fa~ tbe saftges a,ob the b01'4ers abd 0\JI dieJlvCtl'lda a fatal ~e *aralnlt tlae coiUill• ot lMl'9 NYOJtiN . . . . tbe mf>tllet GDUt.-,. of the 8rtt 91 tile ~ Mtl ......... p-~~'''~'''''''''''''''''''''''''~ : -= Katherine Sherrill : .......,.... ladiaaal ltwo. Clrla, Rami" A ...._.,. J.u at tboo fort ••t• cried To doe - • • wlao mi&.d the cows outdole. ,..., ...... • wh- ""d • eun'• report Spee ""•• their atepe u the:r fled to the fort. Fartlaeat al aD from Its shellllrilll' waD. La-t to catch ancl heed the call, Wu Kathen.. Sherrill, fai.-t al maida Ia all WataUI'a'a f - t l't.dea, ~............ lib • lltartle;l ..... ADd ft... GD feet thet were wiaa'ed with ,_., Bat the call bad - a m - late: ,.... redolrlu cut bar off from the ••te, AM willie the rifles blaud aw., ......... ~ .... •loatln.l to .... their prey. - At die .... al tile fort llold Joha Snler, - : - : : 1 I I , i ~::::.:-. ~tula.a::..-=d ata,.... , . .. tried .. ruab .. tile fleeiq maid; : 1 Qruped. beW back, aad the , , : I I bar. da oppodIt certaJa ...th If be were aot ate;; all. ADd better • pi be capU... led 1'llaa the fw.....,.. IDa al the West U. olead. '11le ladlaas .......... to oebe their prey, Bad ................... ..........._ A~ ~ tlae ..,., but toward the waiL EIPt feet H lltvod. n. maid put aD a.......,... .. _.....,tleapead fluq , , a. ..... __ ... : ..-t tOpiUidduq 0.. floetNot, "-bllq, out of breath; n..e Oftr the tap ..,. away from death •uaht and drawn her dear-n. .... - - ., Jobn Sevier. :, s..._. - ..... , .: 1 Sacb k the It was toW To ,....._ lop theirs Ia the cia,. al oldJ wiD dlllclrea the tale repeat To ""R*w claatered about their feet. FW"u .._ M loeaut:r Ia loved, allcl ,_.... A. . . . . . al ........... manhood's truth, Wm a place he hltt In the be.rt of the State Fw- J ............ ead lila BOIUI:J' Kate, ,._. tile laeo .......... tile llri.. he WCIIII AM the . _ that 11veo1 tiD their 1m. ,__ alor)o; 110 , s. 1 ~ r : I : I -E.E.MDJ.r. : -= I , : 1 1 I : : 1 I I , : • i , I I , , : I , 1 : ' ' : 1 , , , I : , I I I ~ I ' : · ~,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,d In 177~ when a war party attacked a rude palIsaded lncloeure built on the banks of the Watauga, near Sycamore Shoals. The fort was closely besieged for some 40 days and during this time there occurred the romantic episode which ~s made famous the story of "NoHcbucky Jack" and hls "Bonny Kate." Despite warning some of the people In the fort, growing tired of the confinement·, lmd gone out!Ude the walls. A party of aavageil suddenly appeared aud tried to cut them on:. At the first alarm Sevier sent bla men to the walls to co..-er the flight of the terrorst:rl.cken fugitives by a sharp rifle ftre which would hold on: the Indians until all had reached safety. One young gjrl, Katherine Sherrill, ln her terror, leaped to the top of the palisade and fell over the walls Into the arms of the eommauder. She seemed to have lenped Into his heart also, for they were married soon after. During thls siege of the fort, Sevier aud bls men lnftleted such heavy losses upon the Indians that Oconoetota, the great war chief of the Cheroktea, withdrew bls warriors. But the genius of Sevier was not shown so much In defensive taetlcs as ft was In the tactics ot attaek. Time aotl araln he led the borderers on swift expedltlOae to Wl"prlse an Indian v111age and drive them ~ headlong rout. Then after destroylng the 'fltlage and the crqps be withdrew to the Watauga .UI-ment. In fact long before there was a ~. "NoltchuckJ Jack" adopted tbe NapoleoQie tdea of a small, mobtle, eoncentrated bodJ, bur~ swlftl}' Upoll a nperlor, but scattered lolfe. Mel tills poHcy of audadt7 aod ...... ,ooa ·~ die aplrlt of the Clle.robee *Dd tbelr allle.s and prevented their being used by the British ln a rear attack on the Cfllonles who were engaged ln tbelr desperate struggle on the Atlan~c seaboard. It wns these same tact1cs wh!cb Sevier used 1n winning one ot the most brilliant victories of the Revolution-the dash to trap Colonel Ferguson and his force of British at King's Mountain and overwhelm them before they could receive aid from Cornwallis. Not: far from Johnson City, Tenn., stands a monument where Sevier, Campbell, Shelby, and other leaders rallled the mountain men for the march over the Great Smo1rles to take part In that battle which was aftenvards to be known as ''tht~ turning point of the Revolution." For the Joss suffered by the British on King's Mountain was one of the steps which led to the surrender of Corowallls at Yorktown and the end c>f the Revolution. At the dose of the Revolution the North Carollna legislature, without consulting the settlers• wishes, ceded the Watauga region to the federal government with the provision that it mullt be accepted within two years. During the two years congress debated the matter and finally rejected the gift. While the discussion was going on In congress, North Carolina withdrew her courts and mll1tla 'and the settlers awoke to the fact that they were under the prote<:tion of . nf'lther the state nor the federal government. And from neither could they gain any help in repelling the attacks of the Indians, who were again becoming troublesome. Although they were still subject to federal government taxes they were reeetvlng nothing In return for them. Finally angered by being thus deserted by the state 110d nation whlcb they had served so well during the trying times of the Revolution, the frontiersmen decided to establish a state of their own. And 1n 1784 there came Into existence the Independent state of Franklin, a commonwealth unique lD American hist:ory. The leader to whom they turned was "Nolichucky Jack" Sevier and during the stormy history of that commonwealth, be, as before, was the outstanding leader of the east Tennessee frontiersmen. ll'or North Carolilla, after withdrawing the act of cesslon, attempted to assert her authority over that regi<>n agalll. As a governor of the commonwealth aud a mau whose forceful personality naturally made enemies for him, Sevier was stngled out for punlabment. Be was treacherously betrayed, captured aud afterwards tried at: Morgantown, N. Ci., for high treason. Immediately 1,000 of the trans-AlleghenJ borderers assembled for the rescue of their beloved "Nollchucky Jack." For awhile a civil war seemed Imminent. Then, aided by some of hls old comrsdes-ln-arms, Sevier made a spectacular escape, whereupon the people of the Watauga country promptly elected him to the North carolina legislature. There was some protest about his taklnc his seat but eventually he was aJ.. lowed to hold the office. When North Carolina ratified the Federal Constitution, and became one of the sisterhoo• of states, one congressman was to represent the North Carolina district beyond the mountains. It goes without saying that Sevier was unanimously elected. When Tennessee became a territory, he was made general of the mll1t1a and when she became a state, be was chosen governor without opposition. He was elected to that position for three successive terms and then, under the constltutlt n, being Ineligible for a period of two yeat·s, be wtls thereafter elected for three more successive terms, after which he was sent back to congress, and three times re-elected. "Nolichucky Jack" died as he bad lived, In the harness, and In the field. The end came tn 1815, In a tent on a surveying expedition for the government, surrounded by his soldiers. His wife llved on for more than a score of years and was burled first In Alabama where she died. But In 1922 her body was brought back to Tennessee and thel'e In the ver1 heart of the e.untry where this pioneer couple saw history lD Clle making, aud helped DUlke It, "Nollchack7 lat'k" and hb "Bclmt,J lt&W' ... t~. QUACKS IN WAKE OF SCIENCE By DR. MORRIS FISHBEIN, American Medical Association. Quacks are among the firet to utilize the discoveries of science. A. rapidly as new discoveries appear in any field of science the quacks adapt those discoveries to the exploitation of the public. From the time when miracle men healed human disease by incantation Uld .eharm, until today, when the exploiter o.f radium, of ultra-violet rays, and of scientific knowledge concerning diet, works his new hocus-pocus upon the public. Human beings have indicated that knowledge advances but credulity remains a fundamental feature of human nature. . Of all the nations of the world, the United States is most afflicted by peculiar healers. A temporarily successful cult or fraud gives birth ;. innumerable offshoots. The files of the American Medical association contain more than 125,000 cards, each representing some form of quackery. The story of dentistry and dental quackery is as old as medicat quackery·. In the Middle ages dental charlatans traveled from city to dty, pulling teeth without the slightest conception of the relation of the teeth to the human body. NEED FOR BEAUTIF YING NATION B7 RAY LYMAN WILBUR, Secretary of the Interior. There must be greater care toward beautification of America. We can afford to spend some time and effort in making things look better. Why not stop living so much in the midst of bewildering signs, tawdry buildings, weeds, waste paper and old cans? Trees are in the nursiries ready to plant, flower seeds are cheap, exercise with a hoe is just.aa healthful as golf, and your neighbor can enjoy y.our garden if your hedge is not too high. In many places there is great charm, but the buildings and .ot r things near the highways block the vision. It is like having a cinde:l in your eye. America is so beautiful, but man has done so many things to it that it often looks its best after a fresh fall of six inehes of snow. W t have been in too big a hurry b cut things down and cut them up,-lo build without much thought and to make money with a rush. We now have settled up the whole country from shore to shore and can now quietly go about the task of making the most of what W\t have left and of building for the future. FIGHT CRIME WITH EDUCATION By DR. C. F. REISNER, Broadway Temple, New YOO"k.. "nat can be done to save the youth of the land from a life of crime? The trouble is with the youth. Crime-ridden as cities are, lb. analysis shows a great proportion of crime is committed by boys,..and young men. And young men have not been educated properly in their homes and schools or they would not drift so readily into orim~ careers. Policemen should he friendly with growing boys. Tk.ey should cuitivate their acquaintance and let them know they are their friends as long as the boys are on the side of good citizenship. Things have come to the point where the bo.y grows up with the feeling the officer is his natural enemy. He should feel the officer fa his friend, and the ofBCei ia to blame 1M $ll.t :fact he doea Dot. |