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Show Governor Wilson's State Is Invaded y ; x rr. Copgrcssman Humphreys of Mississippi, a Representative of The Solid South Speaks on Initiative, Referendum and Recall Re-call in New Jersey. Declares the Cry For Popular Govern-, ment a "Wild, Fantastic Counterfeit." X On February 22, Washington's birthday, Representative Humphreys of Mississippi, one of the rock ribbed rib-bed Democratic states of the union, delivered an address on the Stato ot New Jersoy on the initiative, referendum refer-endum and recall. Ho said somo tart things about these institutions, and as ho was speaking in the home stato of Governor Wilson, democratic candidate for President, nnd an advocate advo-cate ot all the new fads, tho address is significant nd interesting. Tho address follows: "Mr. Prosldent, Ladles and Gentlemen; Gentle-men; I think that I would be less than human, certainly less than American, If I were not impressed with the facts of our surroundings facts which would certainly furnish Inspiration, had I cither tho wit, words or power of speech to stir men's blood. No words of commendation commenda-tion can overpraise for tho men who conceived and brought Into being tho patriotic purpose of rescuing from tho uncertain nnd fixing with definite-ness definite-ness tho spot whero tho Stars and Stripes wero first unfurled as the flag of our Ropubllc; and I half tho day which can not bo far distant, when this great government, which hns sont that great banner of liberty as a messenger of hope to tho oppressed op-pressed of all tho earth, will mark this "Bpot by a monument in keeping with tho Bncred sentiment which Inspires In-spires it, nnd ot such proportions and artistic beauty as to bo worthy tho full significance with which a century cen-tury of high achievement has crowned crown-ed so Important an event. "But what a task to put upon an artist! To chisel out of cold unspeak-ing unspeak-ing stono a story really worthy an event so meaning full. Behind them the wilderness of an uncharted continent, con-tinent, a little band of brave and determined de-termined men hauled down that flag which was the acknowledged symbol of power as far aB tho ocean boro Its foam, hoisted In Its stead tholr starry banner to announce tho birth of a now evangel, dnd challenged to mortal combat tho political doctrines which hnd twarted tho libortics and tho consciences of men since the stars Bang together when tho world was born. But whatever tho limitations limita-tions of tho nrtUt's hand, however, his fancy may fall him In thp tnsk, tho story which that shaft shall tell will crown it with a halo bofoio which the lovers ot liberty and of men will stand uncovered to tho end. "Wherovor that flng floats today It is saluted with' salvos from ships and batteries. Whorover Americans Hvo today, thoy havo left off thoir accustomed accus-tomed labors and havo gone forth to a national holiday, because It Is tho anniversary of that day whon ho was born who, wo delight to say was tha Father of his Country. Thero Is not n land beneath tho skies whoro Its story haa not been told, and with ovcry race which has corao beneath tho bencflclont llfjht ot its Btars tho name of Washington Is a household word, "Wo havo gathered here today, Inspired In-spired by tho patriotic purposes ot your association, to commemorato tho birth of tho flag as a national emblem, emb-lem, to further tho movement to Continued on Page 3. I GOVERNOR WILSON'S I ' STATE IS INVADED BBe ' a Coutlnucd fiom page 1. Bg i $ BBl I j'2 'lnv'C this hul lowed spot deslgnntod BBb. T In npproprlato fashion to thu end that BBg i those who pass this way In the years BBl ' i lo conlu may niark It as one of the BBb i"l ! mlloposts aloiiK the long and bloody B ; 8 trail which led at last to Yorktown. Bg I He Is a bold man who will undcrtako BBg . I to sny Just when and where that trail BJ I began whether at Lexington, at BY . Jjf Naseby, nl Hunnymcdc, or In the PBB P Dlnok Forests of Germany, when Ar- PBB f inlnlus first checked thu victorious BB t f flight of the Roman eagle. In fact PHB that Is not the end of tlio road we PBH i jt, aro moBt vitally interested in. The B ( study of tho story of thnt long Strug- BB ' t, glo and nn nipreclatlon of the Iter- BB ole sacrifices which Its every turn BB discloses aro nn Inspiration to imtrl- PBB I l otlem, and patriotism Is the foil ml a- B ' f tlon stone upon which good citizen- BB j f ' ship Is bulldcd. Hut It Is vouchsafed ! ' to us, as It was not vouchsafed to tho fathers, to look back upon a long fight which has already eventuated In victory. Tho dlvlno right of kings BK j has perished, and In Its Btcad that BB I other theory that government which PBB ( ' v aro Instituted among men derive PBB j j their just powers from tho consent B J 'I of tho governed has triumphed. m l 9 ' "When wo look back over the road BB I i which wo have travolcd since that BBJ ' good day what a story reels before BB J J us. The wilderness which hemmed M I i' , them In has fallen; tho continent BBc .' has been conquered; In strict obe- BB i dlenco to the divine Injunction they BBJ ( have multiplied, replenished, and BS subdued tho earth; and today 90,000,- PBH f 000 Americans nro gathered together PBB throughout tho confines of tho Ilcpub- BBJ lie to pay grateful trlbuto to tho mem- BBg i ory of him who wrought so well for BB ' us, and to consecrate anew our lives, PBH our fortunes, and our most sacred PBH . honor to the lofty task of maintain- BK Ing In their integrity these Intuitu- BBg N tlons of freedom for our children. gBH This is tho burden upon us; this is PBH '1 the duty wo owo to tho men who gBH i ' have gone bctoro us as well as to gBH tho men who uru to come after us fl , ' , I would nqt, of course, upon an or- B j ,r caslon like, this violate the proprlct- BB i I les by making a political speech but HHg I ) there aro somo (iiiestlons which, In gBH j I their Importance, transcend mcro gBH matters of party dispute, as the.V in- BBB volvc n chnngo In tho very fundu- BB i montal principles upon which our gBH j Government Is founded. To a discus- gHH ston of these questions, briefly of BB I course, under the necessary and pro- gHH per limitations of the occasion, 1 shall gHH j addrebs my romarks today, believing gHH that there could bo 'No placo so meet gHH no placo so apt' for such a dlscuutlon gHH ' as at Hound Drool; on tho 22ud of gHB February. H i "Tho men who founded this Uo- gHH public were no novices. Search tho HHg ? history of mankind and I liollovo no HHg body of men better equipped Rr the gHH task before them ever sat together gHH for a common purpose. WiulilniUon, B Hamilton, Madison, I'lukuey, l'ranklln, ! Livingston, l'ntterson names to con- luro tho wond. They knew wlmt tho hh j i; mulled hand meant; thov had fc-lt It. H , ,j They knew what tho man on hni'Ro- H- ' ,' tiack meant; they had seen him. Tl ey BflflJ1! ! Know what tho struggle for libcity PBBf ' I meant; they had fought It, and tney PBBJ brought to their task a knowledgo of PBBJ1. the history of tho governments which PBBJi had gono before them, nn 1 an under- BB' ' standing of tho rights and tno llmltn- PBBaj tlons of man which fow, If nny, siml- PBBJ, lar bodies of men over pos tested be- PBBJ foro or since that day. pBB jj "In every crisis In the history of BBB' our race mid when I jay crisis ' PBB mean crisis and I believe that It Is BBJ a justification for our boast that as pBBJi u ruce wo nro the most capublo of pBB i freedom the biggest and tho bitv- BV est and tho most capable ncn huo PBBb. been chosen by the people to do the ! ' work at hand. Tho demagogue, ul- ways tho forerunner and apostle of calamity, has never bold tho emiter JABS ot tho stago oxcept to squeak and glb- PBH ber In the piping times of peace. And PBBV ) so It came to pass that when tho PBB great crisis confronted our fathers PPB in 1787, when the old confederacy was PBBV about to crumble and tho vory liber- PBBl y which thoy had so dearly bought PBBK' was in tho balance, thoy choso for pBH the tremendous task tho nn best BBJ j equipped for thu bight responsibility. PBBV It Is a fact worthy ot roraembranco PPB that when these groat architects en- PPH tered Independence all to frame n PBBB written constitution which would PBBW I either justify or defeat their claim PBBB I that thu pnoplo wero capablo of self- PBBV government they locked tho doors PBBB t behind them, entered a pledgo ot se- PBBV n- crccy, and not until CO years after I thu convention adjournal wero tho seals broken and the history of their proceedings made public. "1 sometimes wonder If the distinguished distin-guished gentlemen who aro so Insistent Insist-ent today upon overturning the representative re-presentative Government which these great statesmen gave lis, and who cry aloud bo persistently for a 'restoration 're-storation of popular government,' would bo willing to undertake that responsibility with tho activities of the press agent similarly restricted ami tho fascinating prospect of tho headlines entirely removed. "Did they do well clso why do Vi (Qlebrntc? 1 am one of hoso who l'O-llvc l'O-llvc that from that good day until now tho flag whoso birth wo glorify today has been the symbol of righteousness, right-eousness, and never more so than on this good day, February 22, 1912. Hut times have changed wo nt'o told, and In tho process of tho suns wo bavo outgrown tho ancient Instrument. Instru-ment. We hnvo progressed, and may tho I-ord have mercy on his political soul who is not a Progressive I believe be-lieve fow men In or out of politics would bo willing to ndmlt they nro opposed to progress, but I do believe that It is a saying worthy of prayerful prayer-ful consideration thnt all chnngo Is not progress. "I nm ono of thoso who entertain tho belief, whether that faith be a manifestation of n spirit progressive or reactionary, thnt tho pcoplo of this Ropubllc have not lost their capacity for self-government, and thnt therefore there-fore tho men whom thoy have chosen to places1' of high honor and great responsibility In their Government are honest, high purposed and patriotic. patri-otic. I have been in public life a long time, and I have been 'thrown In Intimate In-timate and constant association with men of all parties nnd In all branches of tho public, service, and it Ib my deliberate de-liberate Judgment that tho man who Is charged with tho responsibility of office, nnd who, for sinister purposes betrays his trust, Is one of the rare products of our civilization I say this becauBo thoreby 1 wIbIj to express tho conviction which is In my heart that icprosentntlvc government as established estab-lished by tho fathers and which has stood the test ot tlmo nnd the shock of war has not proven a failure. If wo aro to abandon this system now and -set up In Its stead another, lot those who champion tho change nt least clto us to the pago of this wide world's history which tells tho story thoy would huvo lis emulate. Ab for my single self,' I shall rcfuso to prefer pre-fer any system of government which had been put to tho test of tlmo before be-fore this more porfect union was formed, bccntiso .there aro no statesmen states-men of my generation who have had better opportunities to study those systems than had tho farmers of our Constitution, nnd there arc none now In whose judgment In matters I have greater faith than I hnvo In Madison and Hamilton and their fellows. Tho citation must bo to a pago of tho history of tho century Just closed n pago written sldo by side with tho history ot our own national life, a pago which must crowd Into 120 years more that has mndo for human liberty and human happiness than Is told In our own story. "A few yenis ago ono of tho most distinguished men of our time at thnt time l'resldent of tho United States lamenting tho hard conditions of these times and casting about for u prescription which would revitalize tho body politic, declared thnt 'what wo ieed Is through Executive action, through, legislation, and through Judicial Interpretation nnd construction construc-tion of law, to Increase tho power of tho Federal Government.' Not, you will observe, by tho orderly processes process-es pointed out by tho Constitution, which we nro all sworn to support and refend,, but by 'Executive action,' by 'legislation,' and by 'Judicial construction' con-struction' to Increase the power of the Federal Government. A Bhort wlillo after this another distinguished gentlemanthen gent-lemanthen tho Secretary of State announced that unless tho States exercised ex-ercised the powers which wero theirs under the Constitution 'sooner or later lat-er constructions ot tho Constitution will bo found to vest tho power In tho FcdoiAl Government.' 'The Instinct In-stinct of self-government among the people,' ho waniB us, 'Is too strong to permit thorn to respect anyone's right to exercise power which he falls to oxcrclfo.' And so it tins como to pass thnt If wo continue to Insist upon shaping our conduct by tho square of that government of checks nnd balances bequeathed to us In trust ns n priceless legacy for our children, constructions will bo found to pubatltute instead a government i by Instinct. "I would not presume to answer two such distinguished statesmen as Mr. Hoosovolt nnd Mr. Iloot with any argument of my own, but hero nt Hound Ilrook, on tho 22 day of February, Feb-ruary, I shall presume to read the words of Washington, tbo foremost man In the tldo of time: "It Is Important ltkcwiso that the habits of thinking In a free country should Inspire caution in thoso Intrusted In-trusted with Its administration, to confine thomBclves within their respective re-spective constitutional spheres, avoiding avoid-ing In tho exercises of the powers of one department to encroach upon another. an-other. The spirit of encroachment tends to consolidate the powers of all tho departments in one, and thus to create, whatever tho form of government, gov-ernment, a real despotism. If in the opinion of the people, tho distribution distribu-tion or modification of the constitutional constitu-tional powers be In any particular wrong, let It be corrected by an amendment am-endment In th3 wny which tho Constitution Con-stitution designates. Uut let there be no change by usurpation, for though this in ono Instance may bo tho instrument of good, It Is the cus tomnry weapon by which free governments govern-ments nro destroyed. "On tho one hand, it Is proposel to change the Government wo now havo nnd thereby, as Washington tells us, 'crento, whatever Its form, a real despotism' by having tho court to find constructions by which all powers may be centralized In Washington. Wash-ington. On the other hand, we nro told that tho courts havo already found constructions which will deliver deliv-er us body and boots Into the hands of the malefactors of great wealth, and thcreforo we shnll have the recall re-call of judges, so that when tho umpire um-pire decides against the home team, tho whole matter may bo referred to the bleachers. "I am a very humble nvjmber of tho bar, and yet I hold it a high honor hon-or that I havo been permitted to enroll en-roll my name with tho members of that great profession. I believe thu highest office in nny government Is thnt which calls n ninn to sit In Judgment on the life, tho liberty, and tho property of his fellows. The supreme su-preme test of tho capacity of any people for self government 1b, In the last analysis: Did they under their system of government put upon the bench men who -measured up to tho full stature of a just atld fearless Judge? I beltevo that wo have stood the test. "There was nover a time when It was moro universally desired that a construction of tho Constitution should bo found to amplify tho Federal Fed-eral power than when tho great Marshall sat In Judgment at tho trial of Aaron iturr. Ily killing Hamilton Ilurr had Incurred tho fiery hatred of the Federalists to an extent never seen, oxcept under tho Impulse of religious fanaticism. On tho other hand, Jefferson had accused him ot treason ngnliiBt his country nnd so brought down upon his head tho maledictions mal-edictions of tho- Democrats. From every sldo there nrose tho universal cry, 'Crucify him! Crucify him! nnd yet thjs great judge, chief sinner among tho broad Constitutionalists extend tho Federal power as to rec-ognlzo rec-ognlzo tho doctrine of 'constructive presence' whero tho overt act was committed, nnd so Ilurr wns set free. "When tho great Tone', a worthy successor to the lllustrous Marshall, was called upon to render tho decision dec-ision in tho enso of Dred Scott, who demanded his freedom under tho terms of tho MUsouri Compromise, tho penco of the Notion was at stake, yet tho Supremo Court Refused to find a construction which would extend ex-tend the power of the Federal Gov-orment Gov-orment beyond th0 limitations fixed by tho constitution. "In 1865, when tho echo of the last rebel yell had scarcely faded away and tho roar of tho cannon had but lately ceased In the valley of the Shenandoah, when Jefferson Davis, a vlcnrlous sufferer, lay shakled In Fort Monroo and the overburdoned air was literally rent with execrations against tho doctrlno of State's rights, tho Federal Government possesses no powers except such as havo been oo-legated oo-legated to It by tho Constitution; tho Stutcs hnvo all except thoso which they surrendered.' 'I know thnt In the corrupted currentB of this world Offenso's gilded hand may shovo by justice, And oft 'tis said tho guilty pi'tie Itself Duys out tho law. "Hut I know nlso that thoso words wor writton when every Judgo In England wns subject to tho recall. "Tho men who wroto our constitution consti-tution know of Jeffreys nnd tho nioody Assizes, and they knew aluo tho story lot Lord Coke. Tho was no greater 'lawyer In nil England than Lord Coke, and l'on'i who coveted more glory of the ormino. One day he and hla associates wero brought before tl King and commanded peremptorily peremptor-ily to roverso a Judgement that thoy had rendered. They fell upon their knees nnd promised Immediate compliance, com-pliance, all save Coke. Ho alone roso to the full stature of his great offlco and hurling his olTlclnl robcB at the astonished monarch, replied, 'I shnll only do what becomes a judgo, of England.' James II was no worse than many of his predecessors. Ho and they had tho power under tha law to appoint the judges, and they had the power to recall them nt pleasure. All the technicalities of the common law, tho ghosts. of which still haunt our statute hooks, wero simply devices which the Commons had conjured up In tholr efforts to pro tect tho peoplo from the harsh nnd ofttimes cruel Judgements of these dependent Judgos, They wero contrivances con-trivances to enablo tho Innocent subject sub-ject to escape tho condemnation of theso judges, nnd not, as they too frequently aro today, to furnish on nvcnuo of escape for tho guilty from tho Just judgement of the law. "Tho Saxon has fought against tyranny ty-ranny since ho first appeared upon the stage of history, and at last old England, sick unto death with thLi malady to puppet Judges, drovo the Stuarts from tho Throne; but let us not forget this fact than when they wiote the Act of Settlement, which pasted tho crown to the Pr nco ot Orange, thoy provided In It that thereafter their Judges should hold by no such uncertain tenure, but should be placed beyond tho shifting caprice ot tho sovereign and should hold their offices for llfo. This wan tho net of those who had lived and walked and had their dally being under tho bloody terror of theso do-pendent do-pendent Judges, and our fathers, t'fter noting tho course of Justice for a hundred years under these cuarged conditions, an.' comparing it with tho reign of terror when tho judfos wero compelled to adjust their dtriees to suit tho fauoy of tho Continued on Page 4. GOVERNOR WILSON'S , STATE IS INVADED r Continued from Page 2. sovereign, In tho fultnetW of 1 li.it wisdom which guided their deliberations delibera-tions throughout the long tCEsIon or tho convention, preferred to profit b) the lessons of history . Jrhoy thare-for thare-for wrote Into our Constitution that our Judges should hold for lifo, subject sub-ject to removal by tho .orderly process pro-cess of Impeachment. Uy tho Act ot Settlement the English Judges were removal by Impeachment and also "upon address of tho Parliament" tor cause which might not Justify Impeachment, Im-peachment, but the frnmers of our Constitution rejected oven tho rcmov-nl rcmov-nl by address, relying solely upon tho power of Impeachment to protect them from the usurpations nnd tyrannies ty-rannies of the court. " "It's now deliberately proposed to return to the old system under which Jeffreys flourished and Coke was recalled. re-called. What Is the reason for this leactlonary step, suggested in tho name of progr,ess7 Tho Judges, wo nro told, nro to submit to tho sinister Influence of tho special Interests, and therefore wo aro to provide n remedy by giving the people frequent opportunity oppor-tunity to select better and braver men. It Is a curious fact that no man over advocates the recall who Is. not also In favor of tho Inltlntlvo and referendum. Tho bench Is to bo purged of tho hirelings of predatory wealth by frequent elections, nnd yet tho legislator Is to bo shorn ot his functions becauso tha people aro unable un-able to pick an honest man. "In order that wo .may understand tho full import of this proposition for tho recall of our Judges let mo read an extract from the Appeal to Reason. Rea-son. This was published last year when tho campaign w'as on In the Stato of California. At that time the McNumara brothers woro awaiting await-ing trial on n charge to which they subsequently pleaded guilty of having hav-ing murdered somo 21 worklngmen by plowing up a house, tho property of n man whom thoy wished to punish. pun-ish. At that time Mr. Debs mado this Illuminating contribution to tho campaign for 'tho restoration of pop-' ular government": "The fight at tho polls this fall Continued on pago 8. n GOV. WILSON'S STATE jSINVAOED Continued fir.m page 4 will center around tho udoptluu ot the Initiative, refor6nduni, and recall amendments to tho constitution. Uu der the provisions ot tho recall amendment am-endment the judges of tho Suupreme Court of California can bo rctlicd. These aro men who lll docldo the fate of tho kidnapped workers. Don't j ou see what IU means, comrades to have in the hands of an Intelligent, militant working class the political power, to recall tho picscnt eapltalW' lodges and put on tho bench dm own men? Was there ever suqh np opportunity for effective work? No; not since socialism first raised its crimson banner on tho shores ol .Morgan's country. Tho election for governor and State officers ot Call foinla docs not occur till l!Ut.; But with the recall nt our-eommand we can put our own men In office without with-out waiting for a regular election. "This is ono of the changes pro-prsed pro-prsed by our progressive leaders, but there aro others. Ono of the beuutiie ot piogiess consists In Its Infinite variety. After centralizing all power In tho Federal Government bv 'finding 'find-ing constructions," by 'Executive no tlon,' by 'legislation,' and by having the recall put 'our own men on the bench,' us Mr. Debs put It and as Mr. James 11 did It, wb aro to add still further to tho gaycty of nations by progressing back some scoiv of centuries and still further 'restoie popular government' by adopting the compulsory Initiative and referendum. referen-dum. "Tbo inltintlw and referendum aio neither tho discovery uor the invention inven-tion ot modern statesmanship. Ho-storatlon Ho-storatlon of popular government Is a vory catchy phrase, but oven tho art ot phraso making Is as old as tho conflict ot human ambitious. There wore Bprings to catch woodchucks be-foro be-foro our day. If popular government has bcon lost, under what system of government did it flourish? Wo should know this in ordor that wo may turn to thnt pago of history and study carefully tho workings of that governmental gov-ernmental system boforo wo exchango our own for It, When I was n boy wo used sometimos to swap 'sight unseen,' un-seen,' but experlonco did not com-mond com-mond tho wisdom ot that procedure to my Judgment Tho history of tho democracies of tho old world revolved revol-ved in a fatal cyclc democracy, anarchy, an-archy, despotism. Wo bonst of Anglo-Saxon clvlllraHon, What contribution contri-bution has tho Sruon made to the scloiico of Bolf-goVtrnmoiitT Thero wore monarchies and democracies, thore wero republic before hla day. Tho contribution which he mad was indeed A notable ono which has been copied by all the peoples ot the earth as they have advanced In liberty since that day, and that contribution was the system of representative government govern-ment When our fathers met In Philadelphia Phil-adelphia and undertook the serious business of sifting out ot all tho experiences ex-periences of man a governmental system sys-tem that would secure the tSlesslngs of liberty to them and to their posterity, pos-terity, they proforred this one and wrote it Into tho Constitution and hedged It about with such limitations as to make its amondmont practically lmposslblo Except by revolution. Slnco that day all thellberty-seokIng peoples peo-ples of tho earth have sought to copy it Tho story of Its success 1b told wherever men gather around their hearthstones and talk liberty. "A lew years ago a delegation of Congressmen wcro sent abroad upon a public mission. Ono evening they attended a popular gathering Just within tho Russian border. It was an occasion of great importance in thnt country a sort ot national holiday. holi-day. A military band sat In the pavilion pa-vilion and played tho national airs of the country. At last out of compliment com-pliment to tho American representatives represent-atives present, thoy played 'Hall Columbia, Happy Land.' Instantly tho peasants, who had thorotoforo Btood oft in tho dlstanco, began to draw near and applaud, It was not tho music that appealed to thorn; ns a musical production it wasn't equal to tho others, but It told its story oven in thnt far land, and thoso oppressed people gathered about tho stand and encored, not onco, but twice, and yet again, inspired by the hopti. that maybe may-be in tho fullnoss ot God's province tho light ot liberty, which blessed that far off 'Happy Land' might' some day. somewhere, somehow, illumine tho political darkness ot their own unhnppy valloys. "Representative government wns evolved out of tho theory that sovereignty sov-ereignty is, nnd of right ough't to 'bo, In th.o peoplo, nnd that the people, endowed with sufficient Intelligence and with sufficient patriotism to se-.ect se-.ect out of their number representatives representa-tives who will honestly and, faithful-1) faithful-1) )i.rfoiin nil of tho functions ol ?o eminent. How la that done under our Constitution? Let us trace for in stance, tho genesis of a statute. "In the. first place, the peopl aie divided Into districts accodijg to population. Thoy select -f l om ' nmong their number a man 'in whose integrity integ-rity and ability they havo confidence Ho repairs to the seat of government ttltli the other representatives similarly sim-ilarly chosen organizes1 tho Legis-alt. Legis-alt. io by selecting n presiding officer xdoptlng rul;s of procedure, nnd dividing di-viding the membership Into small youps or committees, each with its particular jurisdiction pi escribed. The Member Introduces a bill:' It Is referred to tho proper committee 'for examination and report. This committee com-mittee then summon , before thorn those who are famllar with tho subject sub-ject matter, and after hearing all who Joslio to bo heard on the subject, aoth fop and against, n sub-committee .is appointed to whip It Into proper form and verbiage. The full commlttoo commlt-too then reports the mensuro to tho House, when It Is read by sections Jobnted, amonded, und passed. It Is then sent to the other Chamber because be-cause under our system of government govern-ment two Chambers aro as much a tradition as trlnl by Jury where it gots through similar process. If there aro changes made by tho other House committees of conference nro appointed ap-pointed by the two Chambers and tho differences aro discussed and nn ' agi cement reached, and then both Chambers take up tho bill as amended, amend-ed, and after further discussion pasq It and send It to tho Executive for his approval. But oven nfter all the relentless scrutiny to which tho bill has thus been subjected It sometimes some-times happens that Its provisions run counter to tho fundamental principles prin-ciples which nro written Into tho Constitution, nnd so tho law may bo' questioned by any porson whoso rights havo been Infringed nnd -In due course must bo passed upon b'y tho courts of tho country. "Can human Ingonuity conjure up a scheme by which' erring1 man can tho better bo secured In his rights ot lifo, liberty nnd tho pursuit of happiness, hap-piness, to sccuro which all governments govern-ments nro instituted amo'ng men? Now, look upon thnt plcturo a'nd on this. I hold in my hand an exemplification exempli-fication ot tho lultlntlvo' and referendum, refer-endum, Btrlpped ot nil Its Midorjc, ot all Its pretended faith In tho' people. peo-ple. This is 'tho concrcto tact and not tho much vaunted and glorified sham. ' M fc "This la an official ballot used; in South Dakota In, tho olQcion1, ot ! November, No-vember, 10,10. Jtfjs, pjr'nctunl mcaaluro-ment, mcaaluro-ment, 5 feet " Inches long and ''id' Inches wide. It proposes six entirely entire-ly separato matters of legislation, varying from 'the regulation ot the-transportation the-transportation of dead bodies' to 'the organization of the National aunrd.' It is closely printed In ivery small type, and contains 16,830 words Tho voter must vote 'yeaor-'no.' No opportunity to alter or amend; no chance or opportunity for any discussion discus-sion of Its innumerable paragraphs. Oh, Liberty! Liberty! What crimee' have been committed In they name! "My countrymen, do you bellovo that your life, your llbertty, oryour proporty will be better safeguarded py this wild, fantastic countertict than by tho orderly processes which have stood the test of human scrutiny, scru-tiny, bf' talent, and of tlmo? "If thU law, so fearfully nnd wonderfully won-derfully mode, receives a majority of tho votes cast, no veto can head It off In Its mad rush for tho statuto book, and If perchanco this tragedy reach tho Supremo Court, aud thero for tho first tlmo it occurs to somebody some-body to read It and thereupon it Is ascertained to contravene tho plain mandates of tho Constitution, tho next sceno will open with his honor on the stump, endeavoring to justify hii imprudent, If not Impudent, curiosity curi-osity lu a campaign for his recall. "We aro told that tho peoplo havo lost faith in their legislators. When did thoy loeti it? Slnco the last election? elec-tion? If so, then thoy will havo a chauco this yenr to select legislators In whom thoy do havo confidence. It Is an insult to the peoplo ot this country coun-try to say that thoy havo not enough discriminating Judgment left to choooo out of their own number men who will be faithful for two years. If thoy havo lost that quality, then all hopo of any government based on popular sovereignty has gone. 1 wish to enter my protest agaiiiBt to mean an imputation ngainst our peo-pie. peo-pie. If I would suggest nny change, It would bo to -elect Hepresontntlves for four yearo Instead of two, Whit Is needed Is to remove this sword of Damocl'es, Instead of weakening tho 'thread which suspends It. Let ua trust tho people more In tho selection selec-tion ot tho Representatives; add to tho responsibilities of tho great oftlco Instead of subtracting from Its dig-pity dig-pity nnd Importanco through referendum. refer-endum. Fortify him with responsible p'oW'or, but donbttrojuco him .to tha Irresponsible condition of old Father Adam before his ungallant bohavolr in ,tho .Garden, of Edon, w.hlcjf charged charg-ed finally with tho responsibility of choosing between gooll and ovll "and elevated him to tho dignity of a breadwinner. "When will, the avorago man, who has to eat his bread In tho sweat of his face, find tlmo to obey this scriptural scrip-tural Injunction, if 8 per cent of the people can put tho initiative and referendum' re-ferendum' into operation and 25 per cent can order a recall? Of courso the more frequent tho elections tho greater tho notoriety ot somo gentleman gentle-man whoso activities aro thus blaz-Incd blaz-Incd to- a listening world, and tho greater tbe fame tho bigger the gate receipts. But how about tho rest of flesh? When the right day comes the busiest man In tho Government will bo tho tally clerk, and tho dulcet song ot tho ticket vendor will relegate rele-gate the hurdy-gurdy to innocuous desuetude. "If wo nro to adhere to the fundamental funda-mental principle of popular government, govern-ment, that tho majority should rule, wo must withhold from tho minority this lash by which tho professionally discontented tow can scourgo tho representatives re-presentatives ot that majority from tho temples of power nnd responsibility responsi-bility by, senseless and ceaseless trial at the polls. "Just ono more thought In conclusion. conclu-sion. Let no man embrnco theso cure-all nostrums that political thrift may follow fawning. Tho peoplo of this country do not want their laws written through the crudo and ponderous pon-derous processos oftho Inltlatlvo and referendum. No promo vant It. In Switzerland, whither vso nro so frequently fre-quently referred, luo olabornto became be-came so thoroughly tired ot theso coaseless election that it becamo necessary ne-cessary to provldo by law a punishment punish-ment for every man who failed to voto, liut oven then thoy' rofuscd' to attempt, tho ouerclso of a function for which thoy wero not qualified and deposited de-posited their ballots unmarked. ''yhon tho 'constitutional convention conven-tion in Mississippi concluded lu liv bora It) 1800 thoy declared tho con- stltutlQP. which thoy had framed, adopted without referring it back to tbo peoplo: It provided ot necessity for amendment, nnd when one is proposed pro-posed by the legislature it must bo raffled by thp people, After much agitation ot tho question, two years ago on ,fftmendmeni was; proposed changing., the- system, of selecting Judges from nppofntraent'by,tho gov-ernor gov-ernor to election by tho poople. Thero was no other contest on nhd when 'tho election day camo only 25,000 votes wero cast 17,000 voters favored Uio change, nnd tbo amendment amend-ment Wns adopted. A iVw years ago less than 10 per cent of the voters of New York voted an amendment to their constitution. Even In California, wherq these bo-called bo-called j'.oKiesslve Ideas aro apparently apparent-ly most popular, in the election last fall, after a campaign bo noisy as to attract the attention of tho entire country, when 23 separate amendments amend-ments were submitted to tho people, ono providing for woman suffrage, which, received tho highest voto of any, received less votes than Mr. Bryan In 1908, when Taft carried the State by 90,000 majority. "Tbo people will refuso to undertake under-take tho functions of the leg it.itor, and the discontented few, nlwnys tbe mest clamorous for every clunge -and tho more radical tho change tho nioro active their enthusiasm will write tho laws of the land, Majority rule, which can obtain only In a ro-piesentntive ro-piesentntive democracy, will no overthrown, over-thrown, aid tho rulo of tho minority eubsi.jited for it, nnd that, too, under 'he ppn-ous and wholly inlslefjlrp nrn'cvso ct 'restoring pouular ,ov-eminent' ,ov-eminent' ( "I donot challenge tho good faith or the high purpose of those who are urging this revolution with Bucluear-nestness Bucluear-nestness and markod ability. They aro all chanticleers, crowing upon tho hilltops, firm In tho faith that thoy are thereby causing the sun of popular government to rlso. But with all regard to tholr plumage and "I their faith, I prefer uio judgment of those '.humbler "cocks down In the I valloy, who' bellovo in tho daylight I when they see it. I "lu vlow ot all tho history ot ' tho 3 past, with its bloody struggles of the many ngainst tho oppreslons of tho few, remembering tho victories which n nt laBt rrowned tho sacrifices of our IS fathers, under tbo folds of thatflag whoso birth wo glorify today, let ui I Join in ono unlvorsal prayer H "Lord, Ood of Hosts, bo with nq yet. B "Lest we forgot, lest wo forgot." 1 |