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Show THE LEIII SUN, LEHI. UTAH Bell's Varied Achievements Revealed During Centenary By BAUKIIAGE Nws Analyst and Commentator. WNU Service, 1616 Eye Street, N. W., Washington, D. C. WASHINGTON. Everybody has been talking telephones because of the well-publicized Alexander Graham Gra-ham Bell centenary. Reading the pounds of publicity, I learned more about Alexander Graham Bell than I ever knew before. I had read of how he dreamed of making the telegraph tele-graph instrument "talk" and how and why his dream came true. I didn't know about his father's deep study of phonetics and his own interest in-terest in "making speech visible," in teaching the deaf to talk, or that he was an accomplished musician or many other facets of this remarkable remark-able man's remarkable history. I already knew a little about the telephone business from first hand observance. It was just about 20 years before I ever used a telephone that Bell, thanks to his harmonically trained ear, found on that day in 1875 that what he thought could be done, had been achieved in his own laboratory on Court street, Boston. From then on it was Just a question of removing re-moving "the bugs." The next year he was demonstrating his instrument instru-ment before audiences with conversations conver-sations over several miles of wire. Before he died at the age of 75, people were talking over an underwater under-water cable from United States to Cuba. I doubt if the great Inventor were to return to earth today he would A study of Alexander Graham Bell In later life shows how he spent many hundred "man-hours" of his time tabulating statistics concern-in! concern-in! the deaf. At one time he produced pro-duced a "Memoir Upon the Formation Forma-tion of a Deaf Variety of the Human Race." be greatly surprised at the strides in telephony which have been made Since his death, great as they have been. He may not have considered, however, one of the temporary problems prob-lems (electrolysis) which created many a headache for the telephone companies and which helped, indirectly, indi-rectly, to provide the writer of this column (who was to be a future extensive ex-tensive user of telephone facilities) with a part of his education. To explain the above remark: (1) 150,000 miles of program transmission trans-mission circuits now are provided by the Bell system for use of radio networks. (It's "wireless" to your home from your radio station, but it's "wired" between stations.) (2) The writer has been using a lot of these circuits five days a week for most of the last 14 years. (3) He worked two college vacations vaca-tions as "electrolysis inspector" for the telephone company.' To explain further: (1) You know how electroplating is done? The object say it's a spoon to be plated is suspended in a "bath" containing the material with which the spoon is to be plated. An electric current is passed through the substance in the bath into the spoon. The substance follows the current as far as it can, which is the surface of the spoon. Anyhow it moves. (2) You've seen the lead-sheathed cables containing telephone wires being pushed through the manhole into conduits that lie under the pavement. The sheath on the cable protects the insulated wires that carry the current which rings your phone bell and carries your voice. (3) But other electric currents get loose and run all over the place. You'd be surprised but almost every foot of earth or anything that will conduct an electric current in a city has some electricity flowing through it When the power companies were careless about preventing leaks in BARBS An Alaskan amphibian wouldn't recognize a Hudson seal if he met him on the Palisades. A survey of 3,000 G.I.s' heads reveals re-veals that they come in five sizes, according to the Army Times. That doesn't account for the oversize specimens possessed by some second sec-ond lieutenants I have known. ; ' ' : :.Ai'. l their wires it was worse. Stray currents cur-rents left power wires or the rails of electric railways and took a short cut back to the power house. (4) Wherever they found a good conductor like a lead cable, that was like thumbing a ride for the wander ing volts and amperes. So far so good. But eventually they had to leave the cable, to find their way to a better conductor or just to say "se long" and struggle back to the dynamo. (5) When they did that, "electrolytic "electro-lytic action" set in. The lead in the cable sheath followed the current cur-rent as far as it could (like the substance sub-stance in the bath) and left the sheath porous. Dampness and destruction de-struction came in and soon your telephone line was out of order. My job consisted of sitting by the hour watching the face of an am meter (which, registers the direction and flow of electric current) and discovering where the current was escaping. xThen I had to get the power company to do what it could to stop leaks and the telephone company com-pany did all it could to keep stray current out or to provide a safe exit for what got in. I In the process I learned much more than.1 earned not much about electrical engineering but I had a fine worm's-eye view of several Middle Mid-dle Western cities bird's-eye views, too, for I worked in cable boxes up on poles, as well as down in manholes, man-holes, and also learned that it isn't only newspapermen who "meet so many interesting people." When I ponder on my electrolytic electrolyt-ic age and also when I "address the mike" Mondays through Fridays Fri-days now, I am deeply and doubly grateful to Alexander Graham Bell. Jones Finally Gets Official Birthday One day recently I received a tele phone call from my friend Capt. E. John Long, USNR, who is assistant curator of the United States naval museum at Annapolis. I detected exultation in . his voice and, sure ' enough, when I joined him at the club he was wearing that "Eureka-I-have-found-it" expression which blooms only on the face of a Bell discovering the telephone, a Lord Carnarvon (and-or) Howard Carter exclaiming as he leans over the mummy-case: "King Tut, I pre-sum'e?" pre-sum'e?" or possibly you or me when we finally get a firm hold on the end of our vanished pajama cord. What happened to Long was comparable. com-parable. He had recorded the confirmation con-firmation by his chief, Capt. H. A. Baldridge," chief curator, of the long-suspected long-suspected but never-proved date of birth of John Paul Jones, father of the navy. And it was fortunate he had, for the post office department was demanding i,t for the next memorial stamp. Baldridge already had a letter of Jones' containing this sentence: "America has been the country of my fond election from the age of 13." Since it was known he sailed from Whitehaven, England, in 1760 that would make the birth date (1760 minus 13) 1747. But the birth date was not actually recorded in any authentic writihg, not even the early Jones biography by Charles Sands. However, there came into temporary possession of Captain Baldridge a copy of that work, upon whose margins Janette Taylor had written some caustic comment. Miss Taylor was a niece of Jones who had been a close and meticulous student of her uncle's life and many of his papers which she possessed. . One of her holographic statements re the picture of Jones in the frontis piece was this: ". . . it is even too old, making every allowance for his mode of life, for a just representation of his appearance ap-pearance at the time of his death, he was then only 45 years and 12 days, (His death, 1792, is of record.) That tied it. No wonder the captains cap-tains tossed their scrambled eggs in the air like graduating midshipmen John Paul has an official birthday only two centuries late and his face on a stamp for a present. In an attempt to end mess hall griping, the army aims to make kitchen police a respected and re spectable army chore. We'll have to wait on the critical judgment of the long-suffering mess lines be fore we really know; but meanwhile we'll offer a toast of powdered K-ration lemonade to General Ike and his staff just for trying. by Baukhage The disease schistosomiasis is spread by snails and it has taken science only three thousand years to catch up with them. o Congress unwillingness to scend money to prepare for war is rivalled only by the country's unwillingne to ipena money to prepare a gen eration smart enough to prevent it WEEKLY NEWS ANALYSIS- Truman Modifies Tariff Cuts; Buffalo Teachers Point Up Drive for 'Higher School Pay .Released by Western EDITOE'8 NOTE! When opinions are expressed In these eolomns, they re thooo ! Western Newspaper Union's newe analysts and not necessarily of U newspaper.) tmMi&M&im&iiiidA i-w.:-. infill s us! Si tM'TT' ipm m I n iTi liii aai k W?ffmm, v iav, --Ttrw r -; 1 v 4 !' 4M " ' l i ' I 1 s ) As Buffalo school teachers strike for higher pay (top), students (bottom) show sympathy by bearing instructors' placards. TRADE: Modify Program Seeking to soften Republican op position to the administration's foreign for-eign trade program, President Truman Tru-man issued an order sharply modifying modi-fying reciprocal trade agreements. Acting after consultations with Republican Senators Vandenberg (Mich.) and Millikin (Colo.), Mr. Truman directed that hereafter reciprocal re-ciprocal agreements contain escape clauses permitting the President to modify cr eliminate low tariff concessions con-cessions that jeopardize an Ameri can industry. Agreements also will embody a 'most favored nation" clause, giv ing the U. S. the same trade advantages advan-tages afforded other countries. At present, some states have agreements agree-ments with others which tend to discriminate against American Wade. Reiterating U. S. hopes for build ing a foundation for peace through the free exchange of goods and elevation of living standards, Mr. Truman said that this country looked forward to the forthcoming world trade parley in Geneva, Swit zerland. He stated that the U. S. would negotiate for tariff reductions, reduc-tions, removal of trade barriers and elimination of discriminatory practices. prac-tices. U.N.: U. S.-Red Harmony Suspension of Russian opposition to a U. S. trusteeship over former Japanese mandated islands in the Pacific virtually assured U. N. approval ap-proval of the American proposal to hold on to the territories for security reasons. Earlier the Russians had threatened threat-ened to force this country into taking unilateral action on the islands by demanding that the trusteeship question ques-tion be postponed until formulation of a Japanese peace treaty. While Britain and Australia had joined in the Soviet . opposition, it was considered con-sidered that it would be comparatively compara-tively easy to adjust differences with them. In making their about-face, the Russians proclaimed that the U. S. was entitled to the trusteeships because be-cause it had made incomparably greater sacrifices than the other Allied Al-lied countries in wresting them from Japanese control. Under the U. S. proposal, the islands would be held open for U. N. inspection, except for strategic military installations that may be closed for security purposes. TEACHERS: Biggest Strike Seventy-one thousand Buffalo elementary ele-mentary and high school students had no classes as 2,400 instructors staged the biggest teachers' strike in U. S. history over substantial pay demands. The walkout pointed up the increasing in-creasing pressure for higher teach ers salaries throughout the country not only to keep present instructors within the educational system but also to make the profession more alluring for recruits in a day of in creased remuneration in other fields. Members of the Independent Buf falo Teachers federation and AFL and CIO unions, the teachers demanded de-manded a minimum salary of $2,400 With the increasing supply of material-and manpower, production and shipments of automotive casings and tubes for the full year 1946 broke all previous records according to Rubber Manufacturers association. The 82,013,412 automotive casings produced and the 81.859,657 casings shipped during the year exceeds the previous all-time record year, 1923, when 77,943,814 casings were pro Tire Production Sets All -Time Peak Newspaper Union.. for beginners and increases of $1,025 yearly for elementary teachers now making $l,875-$2,575 and high school instructors earning $2,175-$2,975, plus a state authorized $300 raise. Federation President Ast said the teachers walked out after he had failed to receive assurances from Governor Dewey that proposed legislation leg-islation providing for permanent sal ary increases would embody the or ganization's demands. Although some 568 non-striking teachers stayed on the job, the schools were shut down completely because of jos. tling picket lines and union team sters' refusal to make fuel and food deliveries. PALESTINE: U. S.-British Rift , While diplomatic observers expected ex-pected no major rift to develop between be-tween the U. S. and Britain over the heated exchange on the Palestine question, the outburst pointed up the apparent cross-purposes at which the two allies were working in the stra tegic Middle Eastern region with its oil-laden lands. Foreign Minister Bevin's charge that President Truman had disrupt ed delicate British negotiations for settling the Palestine issue by de manding 'admission of 100,000 Jews into the Holy Land before the 1946 congressional elections to get votes was immediately denied by the White House. In a prompt reply, it was said that Mr. Truman's decla ration merely reaffirmed the U. position on Palestine taken in the summer of 1945. Republican senators were quick to rise to the President's defense Brewster (Rep., Me.) said that Bev. in was trying to make Mr. Truman the "sacrificial" goat for Britain' failure to work out an equitable agreement between Jews and Arabs and Taft (Rep., O.) pointed out that Bevin had conveniently dropped his proposal for partition of the Holy Land in the face of stiff Arab oppo sition. Thank Uncle Sam Fanatical in war, Japanese are mannerly in peace. Typifying trait, tiny Japanese primary school pupil stiffly addresses thank-you piece to members of U. S. food mission for American provision of nutritious hot lunches to Nipponese students. While the U. S. has contributed $2,700,000, 000 to UNRRA for relief of liberated countries, the army has spent mil lions of dollars for food and other essentials in occupation areas to re lieve distress. duced and 74,295,913 casings shipped. " 1941, the last previous peacetime peace-time year, production was 61,540,196 casings and 66,163,934 casings were shipped. Passenger car casing production during the full year 1946 was 66.-258,566 66.-258,566 units, an increase of 135 per cent over 1945; shipments of 66,-084.135 66,-084.135 units exceeded the previous year by 146 per cent S ' J fx,- t s V , . - $ v - i - '; ' 1 i ! ' V V1 I ; - f ' 1 ; v . 1 GUARANTEED WAGE: Gets Approval The guaranteed annual wage, which promises to become one of the major objectives of the American Ameri-can labor movement, received the endorsement of President Truman's reconversion advisory board. Embodying an employer s pieago to provide a definite amount of work a year, the guaranteed wage nas been in effect in a number of plants, with advocates declaring mat jt tends to regularize production and remove employees' fear of layoffs. Opponents of the plan assert that It would compel employers to pay out wages during periods of slack demand de-mand for goods. Because the guaranteed annual wage is no cure-all for economic fluctuations, the board said that it should be correlated with other stabilizing sta-bilizing factors, including social security, minimum wages and tax policies. All guaranteed wage greements should be worked out through collective bargaining rather than imposed through national na-tional legislation, it was said. Board members include Presi dents Edward A. O'Neal of the Farm Bureau; William Green, AFL; Phil Murray, CIO; and Eric Johnston, Motion Pictures Producers Produc-ers and Distributors.. AUSTRIA: Allies Clash Indicative of the problems facing the Big Four in Moscow when their conference gets underway shortly, their deputy foreign ministers laying lay-ing the groundwork tor discussion of German and Austrian treaties agreed only half-way on an Aus trian pact Out of 62 clauses, agreement agree-ment was reached on 32. Major differences included: U. S. and Russian disagreement disagree-ment over what constitutes Nazi assets in Austria. The U. S. contends that the Russians have removed important Austrian Aus-trian property as reparations on the grounds that they were Nazi property, seriously impairing the country's economy. Russian support of Yugoslav claims to the richest and most densely populated provinces of Carinthia and Styria. The U. S., Britain and France object, declaring de-claring Austria's prewar boundaries bound-aries should remain intact. French insistence upon rigid control of scientific research. The IT. S. argues that such supervision su-pervision would hamper the economic redevelopment of Austria, leading to employment and trade difficulties. In Washington, Secretary of State Marshall disclosed that John Foster Dulles, Republican adviser on foreign for-eign affairs, would accompany him to the Moscow conference. In all. the U. S. delegation will include 84 members, half of whom will be clerks. VOLCANO: Rampant in Sicily Quietly slumbering "since 1928, when it wiped out the village of Mas-cati. Mas-cati. Mount Etna on the east coast of Sicily kicked up again, with molten molt-en lava gushing from a new crater on its side threatening to bury several sev-eral more small settlements. Nine hundred feet wide, a stream of bubbling, molten lava edged into the plain of Damusi at a speed of about 210 feet an hour, then broke off into three forks, one pushing toward to-ward the villages of Passo Pisciaro and Cisterna. As natives fled in panic, government govern-ment authorities rushed motor vehicles ve-hicles to the area to evacuate the homeless. Directors of the Etna observatory ob-servatory asked Rome to consider the advisability of air bombardment of the countryside to divert the flow of lava from villages and rich agricultural agri-cultural areas. LABOR: Pin Down Green Pinned down by the close questioning ques-tioning of Representative Hoffman (Rep., Mich.) Pres. William Green of the AFL told a congressional committee com-mittee that the union would back the amendment of labor laws to permit free speech to employees by employers employ-ers and require unions to register with the government and file financial finan-cial statements. At the same time the gaudily dressed AFL chieftain' rapped proposals pro-posals for a closed shop, declaring that workers benefiting from union gains should pay organization dues He opposed passage of anti-racketeering laws on the grounds that it was unrair to punish the entire labor movement for the excesses of certain cer-tain members. Questioning Green on union pres. sure against unorganized workers, Hoffman asked "Farmers are unorganizedwhen un-organizedwhen they bring ham and eggs to town, why don't you refuse re-fuse to eat them?" V" . 1 si ureen Dianaiy replied: "We are reasonaoie men. INSURANCE: For Kiddies Reflecting the desire of American families to start thrift programs for their children at an early age, life insurance on the lives of children was purcnaseq in a new record volume vol-ume last year, according tn survey made by the Institute of Life insurance. me survey coverea uie expert-ence expert-ence of companies writing one-half of the total new ordinary and one-third one-third of total new industrial life in. surance issued in the United States nap New York Heartbeat: Man About Town: Mrs. FDR now regrets having signed a five year contract for her col'm. . . .Music lovers can find the three Bs in the Manhattan phone tome. Bach, Beethoven and Brahms. However, Bach sells chemicals, Beethoven is a lawyer and Brahms is in advertising. adver-tising. ... One of Oklahoma's backers back-ers is Columbia Pictures, down for $15,000. The firm to date has netted a million dollars from that small wager. . . .The Mrs. Fay Ehlert (who is suing MGM for 250 Gs for .ll.sail misnnnrODriation of the title, "Undercurrent") is the wife of the Chilean consul in Chicago . . . In the first paragraph on page 13 of "The Man Who Was Not There" by Ethel Lina White (published (pub-lished about 1943) it says: "If Rich-ard Rich-ard isn't there to open the door. ." Could that have inspired the "great Inspiration" and can you suggest something to do to Miss White? Beginning of the End Dep't: One of the owners of "21" is taking singing sing-ing lessons! . . . Mary Kirk's new Floridaddy can handle his dukes, so don't be a dope, you dope. . . . Pals say the reason visitors break and weep is that The Babe is down to 90 pounds. . . . One of the Powers models seeking a divorce is 15 years old and the mother of a year old baby. . . . Barney Ross, the champ, settling a fist-fight between two kid bootblacks on 52nd street. . . . The 20-year-old ditty that made them famous ("If I Didn't Care") has to be played by Billy Kenny's Ink Spots to hush the persistent applaudience. . . . You'd swoon if you knew the various male screen idols who wear special-made girdles gir-dles to fight their personal battles of the . bulge. . . . Iz Elinson (mended after an operation) reports re-ports that Sinatra is trying to get a permit to carry two gats. One gun tilts him I Grace Moore was one of the few stars who believed in helping other talented people scale the heights. Her boosts aided many unknown singers . . .But when one of her successful success-ful protegees allowed fame to turn her bead and complained about the size of her part in a show, Miss Moore reminded her: "A famous singer once told' me that to a great artist there is no such thing as a small part. And to a small artist-there artist-there are no big parts." Coincidence: In 1942 General MacArthur presented the Silver Star to a civilian for the first time. He was AP correspondent Vern Haugland, who made his way to safety after being lost 42 days in Jap territory. . .A year later Haugland Haug-land was shifted to the Central Pa cific, where he covered Admiral Mitscher's Task Force 58. . .Returned .Re-turned to the U.S. he married and (after the war) joined the AP staff at Washington. . . . The Hauglands baby girl was born Januarv 26. The birthdays of MacArthur and Mitscher!- Manhattan Murals: The littla nM lady who hangs around stagedoors and cusses like a trooper. . The scantily ciaa chorine plodding through Central park slush in toes. She leads a durg whose paws are covered with specially made red rubbers. ... The 59th street buses that congest traffic more than the trolleys did. . . . That Wimp which hovers over irfidtown Manhat-tan Manhat-tan (with illuminated ads) a la Times building electrics. . . The spellbinder in Columbus Circle, who demonstrates the atomic bomb by dropping a bag of water. (He oughta use it with soan on his nBrV The little old woman who peddles good luck charms on 14th street to make enough dough for- a night's luuguig on me Bowery. Heroine: This. the very first mention of her great- U1C. . . n aian l come tQ tte col'm from her, either. . . It came from an admirer in gov't service who thinks it is about time future historians knew about it . . This brave American woman started the first underground activity against Mussolini. . . While the world's capitals were receiving Mussolini's ambassadors (like social lions) this American gal was urging the com-mon com-mon people of Italy to fight like tiger, for liberty. . . Rickety planes (flying over the Alps at night) show-ered show-ered pamphlets on Italian cities iffi "American darling, who defied the Duce (at the height of his power), is our magnificent actress, Ruth Draper. ,r2 wUMa MarkmshiP: How-ard How-ard W. Newton. u money on S!tL fa.t Prbably would ve stayed in them. . . . Anne Britten: g! tawi 0ey went through hie hand-and-handcuff. . j Lee-It Lee-It was so cold even the traffic lights were purple. . . . Mary C. Davfesl Smce you went away, dear, . curi--ous thing I find. world is liSTa clock-that God forgot to wind . E Brandeis: There are two kind, cLrtme,0ne U tte men S":thtteotherIathekind feininTsi Keen thn host, ui new .i scuffed bv oainti colorless, nail polish.' . Save small glass jar tops. Use them t Wlth the refrigerator. TheyreSJj rnnm than iv, .H covers keep odors from j Use a stick and not a brJ . 7T orcing thp 1 Mo the corners will damJ uam towels a1nJ sides with heavy tape. ThJ Duywci auuiuis zn the f ami-give ami-give themselves the nc.i ... rubbing without pulling you5 iuwcxs ay ail. . Do you lose your r.9i... you sew with a double threa the thread taneles? t;0 . ,.. the end of each thread inste tying the two threads togeth Rinse milky glasses promn cold water to prevent stui rings. Select a shelf in the kitch dectrici wiuui iu siuie waxea paper i kins, Individual cups, string Buwuia. vvneu preparing M yuu ii. iuiu uus a wonderful vemence ana time-saver. Onions can be used tn a strong flavor in lamb, uJ soups or stews. t -rr m i - . .. icw lwus contain such ava of vital nutrients as peanuts them in cookies, cakes and ings, also with meat and vegel cusnes. MOST MOTHERS DO THl 1 l j i AT BEDTIME rub throat, chest, back with VapoRub. Relief-bringing action starts instantly... WORKS FOR BQSRS while child sleeps: to relieve coughs, muscular soreness s and tightness, Best-known home remedy you can use to relieve distress of children's coldsis comforting Vicks VapoRul).:, Even while you rub it on, VapoRub starts to work to ease distress . . . and it keeps , onworkingduringthemgnt.j No wonder most mothers) always do ( this when a If J Chi coldstrikes. V VapoRub a OF :ii!ioai . m Gas on Stomac Believed in 5 minutes or double your domj Wben azeesa stomsch seid causes psinM. snffi Incr cra mm, fnmiu snd heartburn, doctor DM r prescribe the fastest-atting medicines k symptomatic relief medicines likethoMinKfl Fahl... M1...M Doll-ana hrinffM mniCrtl Jiffy or double your money back an return ol m so us. zdo at ail druggists. Relief At Last ForYourCoug Creomulslon relieves promptly i it. wr.v,f n trip seat ol II trouble to help loosen ana OB germ laden phlegm, and aid W to soothe and heal raw, tender, J flamed bronchial mucous rnenj branes. Tell your druggist to sett ya a bottle of Creomulsion with ttera derstanding you must JiKe tne wj quickly allays the cough or yoa to have your money back. .j CREOMULSWK for Ceu2hs,Chest Colds, BiOT . 1 r sr. SORETONE LINIMENT for quick relief orfonfaclj TOT,-.. .I.iM . miserabl'i i .,u rhe naia. To Rm it sue the liniment escedaUf . . . . r: : MOOSCl ootne acne aue 10 busi j Soretoo Liniment has Peci J Jacient inaredieoo that act uk P0". warmth fcom a heating rM frMh Klwl ,n cioorficial pa'0 11 NothJjg else is "just like Sor Quick, satisfying relief assurea ref untied. 5W. Hospital sue SI-00-Xrr Soretooe for Athlete's F all J types of commoo fungi-" (life Tbt Ssfa. Pi "Jl" jk IfSciby iijin na |