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Show THE LEHI SUN, LEIII, UTAH National Service Act Is Answer to War Disputes 'Too Many Cooks' Root of Labor Disputes; Pressure Groups, Individuals Unwilling To Lay Aside Financial Desires. f ut By BAUKIIAGE Vrui Analytt and Commentator. WNU Service, TJnlon Trust Building, Washington, D. C. Why did the President order the army to take over the railroad? You can get seven reasons from seven different presidential advisors. I won't repeat them. I will name three. First, the epitome of those the politically po-litically minded probably gave; It will be a good thing for 1944. That Is the sum total of a number of con-elusions con-elusions of the master minds who are advising concerning the political campaign which is ahead of us. There are two other reasons which some of the time-hardened officials In Washington offer (aside from the threat, real or fancied, to the war effort). ef-fort). These officials let the political stream flow over them. They are more Interested In getting the par ticular Job assigned to them done than figuring out its political effects. Needless to say, they belong to that large, conscientious army which most people outside of Washington forget exists, an army of people wise or unwise in their judgments but beholden to no political party for their positions. These are the two probable reasons rea-sons they offered; first: The roads were seized as a threat against other industrialists who might make trouble in accepting terms of future labor wage decisions, deci-sions, such demands for increases which can't be easily dodged (perhaps (per-haps just demands, perhaps not, depending on who holds the scales). The second reason offered is this: Simply because many of the President's Pres-ident's present labor advisors have had little or no experience in labor relations, in the methods of labor leaders. Misunderstanding There are a number of signs which might point to reason one as the one which turned the scales, but, like most of the other motivating forces In many of the recent labor decisions, deci-sions, they spring from the same soil as does reason two: misunderstanding misunder-standing of the methods of labor leaders. You will recall that William Green, A. F. of L. chieftain, when he made what since seems to have been an ill-starred attack on the Marshall statement that threats of strikes might prolong the war, stated stat-ed flatly that the railroad unions had never intended to strike. That statement isn't questioned in spite of the angry denials of the railroad union leaders. It is what you heard in every railroad office from every old time councilor and advisor in Washington before the roads were taken over. Unfortunately, the whole situation is reminiscent of the conversation concerning the dog. The dog growled. The owner said, "Don't be frightened, I know he won't bite you." "But," replied his friend, "does the dog know it?" You see the friend had no under standing of dogs. If you had slipped into the White House on a certain day not long before the deadline for the strike call of the so-called recalcitrant unions un-ions (enginemen and firemen, and conductors) had been reached, you too might have been alarmed. The union representatives (I am told) were making a noise very mwch like dog that is going to bite. Now the old timers were used to the noise. But the two gentlemen upon whom the President leans for advice in matters of stabilization Involving wage and price boosts, Messrs. Byrnes and Vinson, were not accustomed to the sound. They did not know that a labor leader's bark is often worse than his bite. ("There never was the faintest possibility of an actual walkout on the -nation's railroads." William Green.) Messrs. Byrnes and Vinson believed be-lieved what they heard and it was plenty. That experience, I think I can say, is authentic. The labor leaders lead-ers emphatically and enthusiastical-ly enthusiastical-ly threatened. Messrs. Vinson and Byrnes took the warning growl for a real threat Others of the President's Presi-dent's council were convinced that there was excuse enough to do something which they thought would be advantageous for political reasons. And so finally, the man with the long cigarette holder, just back from the world battlefronts where "so-much-per-hourper-day" wasn't the argument, but "so-many-llves-per-hour" was, where world maps were being re-drawn, where America's a, titude and action was about to rewrite re-write history, became a little impatient. im-patient. The Action Date "We have come to the action date," said the President, "we have been talking here since Sunday. If you can't take action by agreement, I will have to take action by myself." my-self." He took it and he took the railroads. rail-roads. To say that Washington was not surprised would be to misjudgj Washington. The root of the whole trouble in this and all the labor disputes has been that there were too many cooks. The trouble with the confusing confus-ing statements which come out of Washington is that there are too many cooks. And yet, we have that paradox that when there are fat many people handling war pro- lems, the only cure so far has beat to substitute too few to pass Lb buck to one man the President The answer to that is that one man simply cannot do it all. The war ia too far away from us. We cannot lay aside our personal and natural desire to make as much money out of it as the next fellow. This has gone on from the begin ning employer, making his profits, essential labor demanding and getting get-ting his high wages, the farmer, his incentive, and then those who follow fol-low after, shouting, "you did it for them, do it for me!" Not one group is blameless, only those who have been unable to bring pressure, hesitated to do so. And, for the most part, each group sincerely sin-cerely believing that it was getting no more than its Just due, the rest were the profiteers, the chiselers. The solution? At this writing, a National Service Act that will order who does what and for how much just as it is in the army. i " ' lisnnnl'PTl hi i nni. r, if aW sunn . .1 WEEKLY NEWS ANALYSIS Red Army Launches 'Bloodiest Drive To Break Strong Nazi Defense Lines; Indian Tribes Aid in Arawe Offensive; Government Relinquishes Rail Control (EDITOR'S NOTE! When opinion! art xprcHtS In these eolomns, they art "' Westers Newspaper Union's news analysts and not necessarily el this newspaper.; Released by Western Newspaper Union. - " i J " ' " L" . ' '- i Ml W n "A frW i r vy...... ..y j Y i v r x S t Home to Yanks Protected overhead by sandbags and shell cases, this dugout on Italian battlefront is home, sweet home to these Yanks RUSSIA: Baltic Drive Massing 250,000 men along a 250. mile stretch, the Russians launched a new offensive below Leningrad in the north, 70 miles from the Latvian border. In the initial fighting, the Reds cut across a railroad supply line, and also pushed toward the big Nazi base of Novgorod. To the south, Gen. Nicholas Va tutin's First Ukrainian army drove 40 miles within prewar Poland, while in the province of White Russia the Reds gained in heavy fighting over the frozen wastes of the vast Pripet marshes. On the southern front, stiff German defenses prevented pre-vented a break-through to the Black sea Rumanian region. Polish Boundary Following Russia's suggestion that discussions for settlement of the Polish boundary dispute be based upon the so-called "Curzon line" awarding the provinces of White Russia and the western Ukraine to the Soviet Union, the Polish government-in-exile answered by . asking that the U. S. and Britain mediate the question. . , Russia took none too kindly to the idea, claiming that by asking the U. S. and Britain to intervene the Poles rejected the "Curzon line" as a basis for. negotiation. Violently opposed to the present Polish government-in-exile the Russians declared' de-clared' discussions with the present Polish government-in-exile were virtually vir-tually impossible unless it was revised, re-vised, with Communists included in a new setup. Peace Talks Russia's unofficial report that two prominent British statesmen had met with German Foreign Minister von Ribbentrop in Spain to discuss a separate peace were vigorously denied in London. In London, it was pointed out that the Von Ribbentrop story apparently apparent-ly was an amplification of a rumor that has been widely spread since the Churchill-Eden conferences in Egypt, but was not taken seriously by other sources. SOUTHWEST PACIFIC: Surprise Promised Made up of Indians from 20 tribes trained in Jungle warfare in Panama, Pana-ma, units of Lieut Gen. Walter Krueger's Sixth army plowed forward for-ward at Arawe in southwestern New Britain, as U. S. bombers continued hammering the big Jap supply base of Rabaul, to the northeast Although U. S. advances on New Britain were slow, they were definitely defi-nitely containing Jap forces that might be employed in the more vital area to the east. Speaking from Southwest Pacific headquarters. Rear Adm. Robert B. Carney said: "Rabaul and Kavieng are next on at lntrBi. ... our ust- out our meinoa oi taKing greater than three months, he would ! them won,t be & accordance with have the treasury make a drawing i any familiar pattern . . . Just how . . .. An Abiding Peace-Common Peace-Common Sense Treatment Books on the postwar world can almost be described as the only commodity of which there is now surplus production, but this is one "Towards an Abiding Peace" that can be taken seriously. R. M. Mac-Iver, Mac-Iver, professor in Columbia university, univer-sity, for one thing writes a clear, simple unprofessorial language, saying say-ing what he means directly and without with-out qualifications. He is for a world order but is too practical to believe you can have it by just writing a world constitution. constitu-tion. He wants a temporary peace which in a way carries on from the war alliance, and then a second stage in which we move to' real international in-ternational control. Furthermore, he thinks that sooner or later our present enemies must be taken in unless we ars going to let the third World war slowly fester. An international order is an inter-national inter-national order to Mr. Maclver. There are no weasel words. Mr. Maclver has worked out his plans in some detail. There is a lot of common sense in "Towards an Abiding Peace" on a subject on which a good deal of pretentious philosophizing is being done. Bond-Selling Plan Rep. Richard P. Gale of Minne-sota Minne-sota has a plan for increasing bond sales to individual citizens the sales which it is most important to make. He thinks K is a cheap and easv way for the government to Increase , saies ana interest in sales on the part of the average man. Senator ouney offered a similar plan, periodically. RAILROADS: Back to Owners Following the termination of strike threats with the settlement of the unions' wage disputes, the war de partment returned the railroads to private ownership. The action was taken after 1,150, 000 members of the non-operating unions were granted wage boosts of from 9 to 11 cents an hour, with extra payments for time over 40 hours making up part of the in. crease. . Employees receiving less than 47 cents an hour will get the 11-cent raise, with those over 57 cents granted 9 cents. Previously, 350,000 members of the operating unions had been awarded a 9-cents-an-hour boost EUROPE: Road to Rome From their positions on the mountain moun-tain slopes, U. S. and French troops looked down on the defenses of the Nazi stronghold of Casslno, guard' ing the long road to Rome. From Cassino, the broad plain running northward lends itself to armored warfare instead of the tedious, up hill mountain fighting of recent months. As U. S. and French forces bore down on the tangled barbed wire, concrete emplacements and deep gun pits making up the Nazi defense system around Cassino, swirling rain and snow held up the British Eighth army's advance on the other end of the front. Across the Adriatic in Jugoslavia, guerrillas of Josif ("Tito") Broz continued to harass German troop movements throughout the country, considered as a possible invasion site. ; POLITICS: Strange Letter Grumpy old Secretary of the In terior Harold L. Ickes was brought into the case of the mysterious let ter, produced by'C. Nelson Sparks ana allegedly written by Harry Hop kins, and purporting to show that the latter as the President's No. 1 ad viser is in close contact with Republican Re-publican Wendell Willkie. Sen. William Langer (N. D.) dis played photostatic copies of letters allegedly written by one of Ickes And the person holding the winning number he would be a bondholder, of course, would get a prize of from a hundred to 25 thousand dollars. It wouldn't be a lottery because nobody could lose you would have your bonl for the money you invested invest-ed and your bond would be your ticket , BRIEFS by Baukhage Nicaragua and Costa Rica are rapidly expanding their balsa crops to keep up with current war demands de-mands and ia anticipation of wood's important role in postwar aviation, see The use of tin to preserve food safely to metal containers was first exploited by Napoleon's engineers preparatory to his invasion of Russia. Stamp out turnover stay on the Job-and finish the Jobl Thai should be every American's creed. All honorably discharged members mem-bers of the armed forces-bo th men and women will be assisted in every ev-ery way possible to find a job to their liking, according to Paul V McNutt chairman of the War Ma. power commission. we will do it will be something the enemy least expects . . ." Indicative of the scale of U. S. air attacks on the big base of Rabaul which acts as a feeder point for Jap barges supplying the New Britain. New Guinea and Solomons area, the Tokyo radio admitted the sinking of several ships in the harbor after a raid of 200 American planes. Lett to right: Ickes and Hopkins deputies to Sparks, claiming that the secretary of the interior was in possession of Hopkins' original letter let-ter to a prospective Democratic senatorial sen-atorial candidate in Texas, promising promis-ing him support from Willkie forces in the primary election. Ickes' alleged involvement in the case came as a government attorney branded the Hopkins letter a forgery. Following Senator Langer's action, Ickes suspended his deputy and said: "I don't know who will ultimately turn out to be the villain ... but it will not be I." IT Li 'in -a-r ii tnt,i Sen. Reed CONGRESS: Shun Labor Draft Legislation for a labor drf.u. requested re-quested by President Roosevelt in his annual message to congress, was given the cold shoulder by the house military committee, which pigeonholed pigeon-holed the biU despite the senate's consideration of the measure. Had the request for a labor draft been made after Pearl Harbor or in the midst of walkouts which prompted enactment of the Smith-Connally Smith-Connally antistrike law, congressional congression-al circles say it might have passed. With war production at a record high, however, only serious strike threats could force enactment of the legislation, it was added. Discharge Pay Declaring that with the possible enrollment of 15 to 20 million men and women in the services discharge pay amounting to $1,000 per person would cost the government from 15 to 20 billion dollars, Representative Dewey Short (Mo.) argued for house acceptance of its military affairs committee's bill providing muster-ing-out payments of $300. In one effort to boost payments to discharged vets, Representative William Wil-liam Lemke (N. D.) proposed increasing in-creasing the maximum disbursement disburse-ment to $700. Previously, the senate had passed a bill providing muster-ing-out payments ranging from $500 for vets with 18 months' or more service overseas, to $200 tor less than a year's service at home. WHEAT MOVEMENT: Cars for Canada War Food Administrator Marvin Jones' order to the Office of Defense Transportation to furnish 200 freight cars daily to bring in Canadian wheat was sharply criticized criti-cized by Sen. Clyde Reed (Kan.), who contended the rolling roll-ing stock was needed need-ed to move domes-tic domes-tic grain from clogged elevators. Countering Senator Sena-tor Reed's criti cism, Jones said he was merely acting act-ing to relieve the tight feed situation in the U. S., what with grain inventories inven-tories as of January 1 about 500,- 000,000 bushels be low last year. By diverting 200 cars daily to Canadian shipments, the WFA expects to import 40,000,000 bushels of wheat by May 1. and a total of 95,- 000,000 bushels ' in the first 6 months of 1944. Although Senator Reed said the diver sion of 200 cars would actually represent rep-resent 25,000 cars, Jones disputed the figure, placing it at 6,000 cars. EARTHQUAKE: City Ruined Famous for its fruits and wines. the picturesque city of San Juan, situated high up in the Andes moun tains of Argentina, lay in ruins following fol-lowing 4 earthquakes inside of 12 hours. Panicked as the earth rumbled and shook, thousands of people rushed screaming from swaying buildings, only to be struck by chunks of falling masonry. Estimates Esti-mates of the dead were placed as high as 5,000, and of the injured at about 13,000. Although the quakes were felt across the whole continent from Chile on the Pacific to Argentina on the Atlantic, San Juan with its 30,000 population was the most imnortant city hit. Bravely, its survivors telegraphed tele-graphed Argentine President Gen. Pedro Ramirez for a $37,500,000 loan for reconstruction, and conscription of 50,000 workers to help harvest the district's fruit crop. SOLDIERS' FARE: Stocks Needed If cold- storage warehouse si t . . . wrougnout tne U. S. are bulging with food, it's because the army must have record suDDlies on hnnH for troops, Brig. Gen. J. E. Bar-tynski Bar-tynski of the quartermaster department depart-ment said. For every soldier overseas. th army must hold 272 days of food in reserve, General Barzvnski rio. clared. There must be 15 days' ply in transit to depots; 65 days' supply in ports and depots; 30 days supply afloat; 92 days' minimum overseas supply; 45 days' overseas operating stocks, and 25 days' extra ex-tra supply to cover losses from emy action. In addition, General said, the army must have 90 days food supply on hand for U. S camns Because a whole year's i i such non-perishable foods as cannot 1.1 f-Ail svki &niftna Marvin Jones George MacDonald, who Just sold the Roney-Plaza HoteL says he read It here, but we don't recall it The difference between Palm Beach and Miami Beach-is the difference between be-tween the social register and the cash register. At the Newspaper Guild Canteen a hostess was dancing with a Coast Guardsman. When the music stopped, he pulled out routine 77B and said: "Now let's sit down and talk about you." They sat and he put an arm around her. "I get it," she said, "I see you talk with your hands." "Honey," he gTinned, "I'm only whispering now." Mrs. Albert Einstein visited the astronomical observatory atop Mt. Wilson and asked about the giant telescope. "We use it," she was told, "to discover the shape of the universe." "My husband," said the famed scientist's wife, "does the same thing on the back of an envelope." A Major told this one to the cadets ca-dets at Yale the other day. He said General Giraud and Lt. Gen. Clark were discussing the best possible pos-sible places for setting up staff headquarters head-quarters in combat zones . . . The youthful Clark recommended a certain cer-tain distance from the firing lines, but the older Giraud shook his head and said: "Too far back. I like to be right up there on the line." "But, sir," said Clark, "you wer-captured wer-captured twice." Shortly after the Sullivan parents of Waterloo (Iowa) learned of the loss of their five sons aboard the cruiser "Juneau," they visited Washington, Wash-ington, where they volunteered to do anything to complete the job their boys had started. A tour of defense de-fense plants was arranged. "Mom" Sullivan (after a lifetime In Waterloo) suddenly, found herself a lady of leisure. There was plenty to keep her busy (with ten and twelve defense plants scheduled), yet she missed the little tasks of cleaning the house, getting breakfast break-fast etc. One morning when the Navy Lieutenant Lieu-tenant (who accompanied them) called at her hotel room in Chicago he found Mom making the beds. She confessed she had been tipping chambermaids (throughout the country) coun-try) for permitting her to make the beds herself. "I just wanted to keep my hand in," she said. My favorite gag dealt with funny man Tait (Tait's motoring act) who dreaded coming to the U. S. from London where he was always a riot Martin Beck persuaded Talt to come here assuring him he'd click. To get Tait used to American audiences they booked him first at Yonkers, N. Y., where he laid a frightful omelet ome-let at his first appearance. Next afternoon (sauntering along the main street there) Tait paused at a fish store window. As he stud ied a huge dead mackerel, with eyes staring blankly and mouth wide open, Tait exclaimed: "'Eaven's above! Thet reminds meh! Hi 'ave a matinee!' Will Rogers in 1927: The best way to describe Russia is, Russian men wear their shirts hanging outside their pants. Well, any nation that don't know enough to stick their smrt-tail in will never tret anvwhere I am the only person that ever wrote on Russia that admits he don't know a tning about it. On the other hand, I know as much about Russia as anybody that ever wrote about it. Raymond Paige relays it via a pal in London. It's about the Air Corps officer assigned to a desk job. He objected to fliers getting extra pay for flying time. "Why should VOll Oti " uc u a nee a at a Texas pilot "We're all in this war together!" "I know," drawled the Texan, but who ever heard of two desks crashing head-on?" . Variety, discussing the chilly reception re-ception given actors in Pittsburgh recalls when Katharine Cornell appeared ap-peared there in "Three Sisters." Some in the audience complained that they couldn't hear much of the iUg. ioia wis (between acts) by the stage manager. Miss Cornell retorted: re-torted: "Tell the audience we can't near them either." r?U ttu Same happened recently when "Blitho Sn, -i . of the troupe put on a show for :rz:.ia at an r h0S That Should Multitude of QUe During a question peri(vt, Ing a lecture, a rna put a foolish query to er. The latter replied- "The logic of yow , makes me think of anothj you tell me why fire en5 always red? You can't fire-engines have four ww eight men. Four and twelve. Twelve Innt, 'E foot. A foot is a ruler r ttii: v.ii. i- . . ill! i xuzaucia is me largest st . sails the .seven seas. Sea' fish. Fish have fins. The fight the Russians. The it-are it-are red. Fire-engines are"s rushin. Therefore, fire-enr. always red. SL 'I hope this answers volition voli-tion also." m CLASS I FI DEPAR T ME FEATHERS WANTO) FEATHERS WANTED, NEW nil Ship or writs to Sterlinr Fmn,.., I . Brssdway, St. Lui, n-JF Used Cars Trailefi turn - Nurses' Training Schl MAKE CP TO SJ6-SS5 WEEK aia practical nurse I Learn quickly r Booklet free. CHICAGO SCHOa nunaiflu, vcfl. VVV-1. miCSf. OFFICE EQUIPME WE BUT AND SELL Office furniture. Files, Typewriter ing junenmes, sates, cash Hegisn SALT LAKE DESK EXCHANij so west isroaaway, salt Lkt Cilj, Touchy Kind Lady How long is you have done any work? Hobo Pardon me, mum, I'm sensitive about my age. "To relieve distress of MONTHlf Female Veaknt Lydla E. 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X-Ray Tells Secret When 3 playmates brought 10-year-old Johnny Wilm of Springfield, HI., home with a wound in his abl domen. they said he had fallen on pile of cinders. But when little Johnny's fev?r had failed to subside X-rays showed 'a bullet lodged near his spine. Then, he confessed having been shot by one of his playmates during a "Commando" "Com-mando" raid. nn -ll U- , " . ofihelarvt iargeatCmpletion AIR LINE RECORDS With the completion of the 50 onrth coast-tooast flight, United A?2 planes have established what 7. believed to be a new record for W distance air transport operation. The company pioneered in transwnS nental flymg. the first trip beta-made beta-made in a two-passencer R-40-A mail plane July T27 passengers rode in a box-like com Fartment in those davs rZ the country took I 105 miles per hour. co3-2d S2 present 200-mile-per-hour speed. wirea fiis aeent: we played to the wounded; tonight we played to the dead!" comki (always a riot at the Palace utTerustowaraS ItNor? 6ning matinee Alienee North Adams, Mass. 'They tit down front." Van used to ,eam "and devour their youngr ' mJayhoo,. 4"ua,ior lis rodent-lik Past) was asked whv h. m heen'the SURVEY SHOVVSj ! HELPS BUILD STAM HELPS BUILD ACII RESISTANCE TO COL Try toed-tasiing Scott's Emulsion! Cj uns natural A & D Vitamins j bring back energy and stamin meiarr deficiency of tnese wi Take it daily. Ail or r fee. a . .-rJ m |