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Show THE LEW SUN. LEW. UTAH THEY S OWED TH News Review of Current BRISBANE THIS WEEK Events the World Over OF LI Tugwell Confirmed by Senate Despite Bitter Attacks T Darrow Board Assails Johnson President Roosevelt's Roose-velt's Plans for Social Regeneration. By EDWARD W. PICKARD f) by Wurn Nwppr Ual-jn. it REXFOnOGUY TUGWEUS appearance ap-pearance before the senate agriculture ag-riculture committee to be quizzed as to his fitness for the position of undersecretary of agriculture was rather farcical, even though It brought on some b e a t e d encounters among the members of the committee. The senators aired their own views freely, but learned almost nothing concerning those of Mr. Tug- Ft. 0. Tuowell weI1 ne did tell them he believed the Constitution was flexible enough to take care of any necessary economic changes; that he was opposed to the adoption adop-tion of Soviet planning by America, and that he thought bla experience on his father's farm and his research re-search qualified him for the position posi-tion to which the President had appointed ap-pointed him. Finally the committee commit-tee reported the nomination favorably, favor-ably, the only two opposing votes being those of "Cotton F.d" Smith of South Carolina and Ilenry u. Hatfield of West Virginia. The action of the committee as- presslon of small businesses or consumers. con-sumers. Besides suggesting the removal of Johnson, the board demanded outright that two other ofllclals of the NRA be fired for misconduct One Is an assistant deputy admin istrator and the other Is an em ployee of the lumber code author ity, but the report suppressed both their names. SENATOR ARTHUR RORINSON of Indiana, who was renominated renom-inated by the Republicans, will be opposed at the polls next fall by Sherman Minton, the selection of the Democratic state convention. Mr. Minton, a World war veteran, Is now public counselor for the public pub-lic service commission of the state. Ills nomination was a victory for Governor MeNutt over the faction led by R. Earl Peters, former state chairman, who sought the nomination nomina-tion for himself. IN THE Democratic run-off primary pri-mary In Alabama former Gov. Bibb Graves won the nomination for governor and goes back to the executive ex-ecutive office which be held from January, 1927, to January, 1928. Judge James E. Horton, who pre- You Have Inflation But Don't Worry-Flying Worry-Flying Too Low New Way to Travel A law will presently become the 'law of the land" compelling the nation to buy fourteen hundred million mil-lion ounces of silver. It Is announced an-nounced that the President will Issue Is-sue fifteen hundred million dollars of paper money to buy the silver. Conservative old fogylsm yells "Inflation," "In-flation," althi . ""i It Is not Inflation, since the money will have silver back of It. It will have more back of It than the government's bonds on which the nation pays Interest Back of those bonds there Is nothing but a paper mill, and the government's name. There are no longer any gold bonds; you can't get any gold. Back of the silver money Issued to buy silver will at least be silver, and you can always buy something with that In China, Mexico, India elsewhere as well as here at home. Conservative old fogylsm may as well realize that we have left the gold basis, and that a government bond Is worth exactly as much as a piece of green paper with the government govern-ment name on It, no more, no less. All you will get for any United States government bond Is pieces of green paper, when you come to sell It sured Tugwell's confirmation by the gided In the second trial of Hey- aenate, but the debate on the floor was unexpectedly long and the attacks at-tacks on Tugwell were outspoken. Senator Schall of Minnesota, for In stance, said: wood Patterson, one of the nine ne gro defendants In the "Scottsboro case," and then set aside a Jury verdict of death, ran more than 2.500 behind A. A. Griffith of Cull- "Agrlculture demands and already I man. George Huddleston of Blr- fcas experiment stations dealing In mlnghain retained his seat as con- actual crops, live stock, and mar- gressman from the Ninth district, ltets. It wants no 'bold experiments DUt Congressman Miles a Allgood la collectivism by a self-styled phi- 0f the Fifth district was beaten by losopher who functions like a three- Maj. Joe Starnes. card tnonte sharp who Jumps upon a box with three shells and a pea and who entertains the public with his cry, 'Now you see It and now you don't Who is the next gentf "Tugwell's general denial, and his specific denials, In the light of his associates In the field of political writing, are absolutely worthless. They are an Insult to an Intelligent Jury. He Insults the United States senate In order to gft from which he can tlvlsm' as a substitute ran Institutions and the Constltu tlon in a high olllee --J preach 'collec- A ute for Amori- " M irlIILE the delegates of the v steel workers' union were gathering In Pittsburgh to vote on the threatened strike, President Roosevelt and bis advisers brought forwird a plan for an emergency law designed to avert the walkout. It was admittedly a temporary expedient ex-pedient to give the President an effective ef-fective agency for the consider tloo of Industrial disputes arising during the life of the NRA. Under the new bill's terms, boards selected by the President would be empowered to order and conduct an election, by a secret ballot, to determine "by what person or per sons or organizations" employees may desire to be represented in negotiations ne-gotiations under the collective bargaining bar-gaining features of the national re covery act The proposed board also would have the authority to order produc tion of pertinent documents and witnesses to give testimony under oath, and their orders would be en forceable by any United States court of competent Jurisdiction, similar to like privileges enjoyed by the federal trade commission. Vested with authority to prescribe their own rule and regulations, the boards would be armed with a penalty clause In the new law, setting $1,000 fine or a year Impris onment, or both, for violation of their decrees. a . 0 President Roosevelt f N ITS second report to the Presl- dent the national recovery review re-view board, headed by Clarence Darrow, loosed another blast at Ad tnlnistrator Johnson and In effect recommended hla removal as head of the NRA. The board said John son bad given the recovery program an on-American and dictatorial tinge that handicapped It in the war on depression; that be has arbitrarily decreed life and death for "Nustrlea. and that by arbl modifications of codes he has celpet big business concerns to op press their smaller competitors. "The rule of the military cora- naader Is totally unsulted to the genius, habits, traditions, or psy cholegy of the American people, and wholly Ineffectual la meeting the present national crisis," the board concluded. The second Darrow report cot tred the reuu dry goods, ware housing, lumber, cement, retail food, boot and shoe, electrical man ufacturing, bedding, petroleum, cof fee, plumbing fixtures, embroidery. and lead pencil codes. Complaints against the warehousing, electrical manufacturing, and embroider) codes were dismissed as without foundation. But In the other codes the board claimed to find op IMMEDIATE relief from distress 1 and recovery of business pros perity fall far short of President Roosevelt's plan for regeneration of the nation. This was revealed In his special message to congress which told of the plans and recommendatlo n s he would submit to the next congress. He asked for no present legislation, but gave notice of the social experiments experi-ments he proposes to begin next winter. The message discussed the three factors of housing, land and re source planning and old age and unemployment insurance. Expressing satisfaction over prog ress In relieving Industry, agricul ture, and unemployment, the Presi dent, asserting his right to chart social reforms, declared, "It Is childish to speak of recovery first and reconstruction afterward." Taking up the housing problem. he said millions of dollars bad already al-ready been provided to Improve liv ing conditions, and voiced the hope that with passage of his housing program private capital would be stimulated to widen the scope of home building. Discussing planned control of the land, he declared that hundreds of thousands of families now live "where there is no reasonable pros pect of a living In the years to come. Sounding the failure of the gov ernment thus far to create a "na tional policy" for the development of land and water resources, Mr. Roosevelt Indicated his Intention of providing such a policy, and for the transferring to new lands of "those people who cannot make a living In their present positions," Outlining his view on providing security against unemployment and old age, Mr. Roosevelt said he was seeking a "sound means" which he could recommend to provide an im mediate safeguard against these "hazards and vicissitudes of life.' For your comfort remember that this nation, which has actually lost, according to careful statistics, more than one hundred thousand millions of dollars since the depression began, be-gan, can well afford another hundred hun-dred thousand millions to get out of the depression, if that amount is necessary. This Isn't any little country, or any poor country. One hundred thousand millions to the United States is less than ten millions would be to John D. Rock efeller, and you know or you can Imagine how much that would be to him. An airplane of the "American Air Lines" was wrecked and burned In the Catskill mountains, with all on board, seven four passengers, two pilots and the "stewardess" dead. The government Is careful about Inspecting planes and testing pilots. Is tt sufficiently careful about stipulating stip-ulating the height t which passenger-carrying planes must fly and what pilots must do In dangerous weather? A seagoing vessel sails In "deep water." It does not skim along the tops of rocks near the surface. There Is plenty of "deep water" In the atmosphere above this earth. Is there any reason why airplanes should skim as near as possible to the surface of the earth, frequently colliding with mountainsides and hills? Mr. Ben Smith's traveling methods meth-ods show what flying machines can do. He recently started around the world with his family by floating steamer. On the way, In Java, he thought he would like to see the grand national steeplechase, and flew back to Eugland from that point saw the race and flew back to Join his family and their ship at an African port Landing In New York, he flew to California, took another plane to British Columbia, Co-lumbia, flew back via San Francisco to New York. He thus saves months of old-fashioned "high-speed travel" MAXBAF.R of California brought the world's heavvweicht title back to America by soundly whip ping Prlmo Camera, the huge Ital ian, In New York. The fight was the most exciting one seen In this country for a lng time. Scheduled Sched-uled for fifteen rounds. It ended In the eleventh when the referee declared de-clared a technical knockout and awarded the victory to Baer. ear ner was game to the end. Thirteen Thir-teen times he went to the canvas, yet he was advancing against the retreating Baer during the greater part of the contest SEVEN' persons met a tragic death when an American Air Lines plane, flying from Newark to Buf falo, crashed In the GaUkllls, 12 mllea north of Livingston Manor aad was burned. The victims were It 1L Ptnsley of New York. V. A. Bader. W. A. Cass and II. C. Cop-plns. Cop-plns. all of Buffalo, passengers; Clyde llolbrook and John Barron, Jr. pilots, and Miss Margaret nuckeby. stewardess, all f Chl- cag. rw' TfM? mrn wmtt ",R1 fMJ!':- wipirSfcfc fPs y . Z' m yk lllllfi The most Important document since the Civil war, more Important Impor-tant than any act of government In the big war, Is the message that President Roosevelt sends to congress, con-gress, outlining plans of his administration. admin-istration. The government pledges itself to enable citizens to live "as Americans should live," to provide Jobs for those that want to work or, falling Jobs, unemployment Insurance, In-surance, and to guarantee "the security se-curity of the home." Dr. James Bryant Conant. youthful youth-ful and Intelligent new president of Harvard university, tells graduates of the Stevens Institute of Technology Technol-ogy that no matter what "social and economic order lies ahead of us, so ciety will demand the luxuries, and convenience afforded by modern technology." Therefore, two professions profes-sions will survive any troubles "the engineers and the doctors." Engineers will be needed to provide what people want, and doctors to repair re-pair human machinery. When Doctor Conant says "society "soci-ety will want" he means human society, so-ciety, the whole race, not the silly by-product commonly described as "society." Sailors with friends on the big ship Leviathan are worried because that boat went to sea with no cat on board. To sail without a cat according ac-cording to sailors. Is "the worst possible pos-sible luck." And, most curiously, the same sailors consider It bad luck to sail with clergyman on board. Why the presence of a clergyman or the absence of a cat should be dangerous danger-ous to a ship Is a puzzle. C. Kin FMtsi-M srndtcatt Ih, WNU Svrrta By ELMO SCOTT WATSON N JULY 4 the American people will celebrate the one hundred sixty-eighth sixty-eighth anniversary of the event which won them their liberty the adoption of the Declaration of Independence. In-dependence. On that day, officially called Independence day, but bet ter known as the "Fourth of July," they will honor the memory of those "56 Immortals" who signed the document In which they hell certain "truths ' to be self-evident," In which they did "solemnly publish and declare that these united colonies are, and of right ought to be, free and independent inde-pendent states" and in which "for the support of this declaration, with a firm reliance on the protection of Divine Providence," they did "mutually "mu-tually pledgtTfo'eaeh other our lives, our fortunes for-tunes and our sacred honor." We know the names of most of them the men who took the first decisive step toward winning Independence and forming a new nation. But how many Americans know the names of other men who, many years before, had sowed the seeds of that liberty and of that new nation? How many of us know of Robert Livingston who, as early as 1701, was proposing colonial co-operation and a colonial union? And to how many of us does the name of Teonlahagarawe, or King Hendrick, a chief of the Mohawk Indians, In-dians, have any significance in the struggle for liberty? It Is with these two men, but more particularly with King Hendrick, and with the events which foreshadowed the Declaration that this artiele deals. Although the British Crown encouraged the Idea of a colonial union to aid in its struggle with France for mastery of North America, the colonies paid little heed to such an Idea coming from the Mother country and either disregarded or evaded directly her appeals to them to contribute con-tribute to the conduct of the wars. So It seemed that the only possibility for co-operative effort lay in voluntary action on the part of the colonies. colo-nies. Sensing this fact Robert Livingston, a leading merchant of New York who was much Interested in opening up the rich resources of the back country, came forward with a jlan of colonial union In 1701. Livingston realized that the colony of New York alone could not carry out his ambitious scheme of development so In a long letter, dated May 13, 1701, he laid before the British Council of Trade and Plantations his scheme for uniting the colonies In "one form of government" divided Into three croups, a southern, a central aud a northern. Each year there was to be raised from this government a certain sum of money which would be administered from Albany by a hoard of commissioners selected from eacn of the groups. The Crown was to send troons and eoulDment and the three groups were to supply labor. unner a ouota arrancement for bulldinr and garrisoning forts which were to be built In the wilderness to protect settlers who were to he encouraged to take up lands In the West Every iwo years the British government was to snd out "two hundred youths" as replacements for 2M of the soldiers who were to be mustered out or service but who, If they would remain in me country, were to receive free land. !t was an excellent scheme and the British trowo was ouick to realize Its advantages. But as usual, a lack of co-operation amone the colo nies prevailed and nothing came of Livlnrsron's plan. For another half century they went their separate ways. By the middle of the Eighteenth century the menace of French expansion In the West and the tightening of their alliance with tne Indians began to alarm the colonies kpH ousty. In 1753 young Georce Washinirtnn. RPnt by Virginia to the Ohio country to warn the French away from this region claimed ty the inusi, returned witn tnelr flat refusal to en Then Governor Dinwiddle of Virginia sent Captain Trent and his backwoodsmen to build a fort at the forks of the Mononmheia h,, before they could finish their work the French drove Trent awav. On May 9, 1754. the Pennsylvania Gazette of i nuadelphia contained an accoun of Trent surrender of the fort and predictet that unless something were done, the French would "kill, seize and Imprison our Traders and confiscate their Effects at Pleasure (as they have done for several Years past), murder and scalp our Farmers, with their Wives and Children, and mke an easy rossession or such parts of the nniisn Territory as they nnd most convenient or uiem: wmcn u wey are permitted to do must end in the Destruction of the British Interest. In-terest. Trade and Plantations in Amerion Alone v.-ifh this appeal for there appeared in the Gazette the first real cartoon, drawn dt tne publisher of th n.. i i-erijamia Franklin, It showed a dislot ... . . ... ..... ' "-, pan laoeiea wun me inuais of one of the colonies, and onder it the motto "Join, or Die." lJUer Franklin's graphic portrayal of tne crsent necessity for colonic! union aa reprinted franklin's SNAKE CARTOOM In other papers throughout the colonies, who soon had an opportunity to put into practical effect the lesson which it taught but who, as usual, muffed the chance. That was at the fa mous Albany congress of 1754. For as George M. Wrong, author of the volume "The Conquest of New France" in "The Chronicles of America" series, says: "The English colonists showed a political blindness that amounted to imbecility. Albany was the central point from which the dangers on all sides might best be surveyed. Here came together in the summer of 1754 dele gates from seven of the colonies to consider the common peril The French were busy in winning, win-ning, as they did, the support of the many Indian In-dian tribes of the West; and the old allies of the English, the Iroquois, were nervous for their own safety. "The delegates to Albany, tied and bound by instructions from their assemblies, had to listen to plain words from the savages. The one Eng lishman who, in dealing with the Indians, had tact and skill equal to that of Frontenac of old was an Irishman, Sir William Johnson. To him the Iroquois made Indignant protests that the English were as ready as the French to rob them of their lands. ..." Outstanding among these native orators who spoke such plain words to the delegates was Teonlahigarawe or King Hendrick of the Mohawks. Mo-hawks. Although he is not so well known to most Americans as that other Mohawk leader, Thay- endanegea or Joseph Brant, Hendrick was one of the most important Indian figures in colonial history. He was born about 1672 near the present pres-ent site of Westfleld, Mass. Although he was the son of a Mohegan of the Wolf clan, his mother was a Mohawk woman, so he became a member of the latter tribe. Some time between 1G90 and 1692 Teoniahlgarawe was converted to Christianity Chris-tianity by a Dutch preacher named Godefrldus Dellius and given the name of Hendrick Peters, later shortened to Hendrick. As a Christian preacher and a natural leader, Hendrick rapidly rose to a position of prominence promi-nence among the Mohawks as an orator and a councillor. After the failure of General Nicholson's Nichol-son's expedition against Canada during Queen Anne's war, the provincial authorities of New York became fearful that the Iroquois might Join forces with the French. To prevent this aad to gain more active support from the Mother country coun-try in carrying on the war, Col. Peter Schuyler decided to make a Journey to England and to take with him several Iroquois leaders. Hendrick was one of the five chosen to go and In April, 1710, Schuyler and his Iroquois delegation arrived ar-rived In London where they were received with great ceremony as "native kings" of the Five Nations of the Iroquois confederacy. Upon their return to America King Hendrick took an active part in the preparation- for the campaign against the French, but the Treaty of Utrecht ended the war before any Important results were accomplished. From that time on Hendrick was much In the limelight as a war leader of his people but more as an orator and a frequent speaker at councils with the provincial pro-vincial authorities in Albany. For a time he was swayed toward the cause of the French, but the influence of Sir William Johnson, with whom he later became such a firm friend, kept him loyal to the English. During the negotiations with the Iroquois at the Albany congress Hendrick was the chief speaker for the Indians. In answer to charges that the Iroquois were leaning to the French, he replied hotly: "You have asked us the reason of our being driven like leaves before the wind. The reason Is because of your neglect of us these three years past You have thrown ns behind your back and disregarded ue, whereas the French are always turning this way and that with their eyes ever upon the trail, ever using their utmost endeavors every day, walking softly like the wolf In winter to seduce and bring our people over to them. Tls your fault brethren, breth-ren, that we are not strengthened by conquest for we would have gone and taken Crown Point but you hindered us. We had concluded to go and take It but we were told It was too late and that the Ice would not bear us; Instead of this, yon burnt your own forts at Seraghtoga and run away from It which was a shame and a scandal to you. Look about your country and see. You have no fortifications about you. no, not even to this city. Look at the French. They are men. They are fortifying everywhere. But we are ashamed to say it you are all lite womenweak wom-enweak and defenseless." But this stinging Indictment of the faltering' if I'.. A '';,, . r A frop"" II A- I . I 1 FRANK. 1 l JF II P - i lit'' : 1" -&" w. ' 'Jf XT' n V IK Sip William Johnson s, pree 3itlon ' fit w id ti C I be exp i,Dtttl liectloni Regarding I obtalnat t projects Is niessag1 .ill social st most velt he can . It ww Informed nooderan r for tl I tills fal 'jiet that ' plant. 1 should ierati In Mr. Rw jtslder tt i.-.p lomei whlch he fl repor w d out t fed refon fsecessar; pvisenth it that i tod It ( 9 Quit riBlnto in during p now I H to go jpiloa wit fce mads had ot Ktire. B It to pn a happim to go be I had brc past Presld $A to n ui'.ien am Sferatlon in lecessarj y traditl 1 we Ion ," hi to lire fm wl active wfeguai cannot i man-m i Roosevi I genen .iations. $u wen t ndry, thou; I be dra' I? been lit can I'-wt tl fcl hea )ww I bl lf IU jiUb( tt Brm! military policy of the English was m owed In importance by another of Hwfr speeches at the congress, it was deliver juiy ia4, anu Jn it he anticipated by 22 p to the day some of the ideas eipressed li "Brethren, It Is very true, as yon told a. J pleasant to look up ; but we give this b ciear away au me ciouas, mat wemajli. In bright sunlight, and keep together it r. linfAn and frlnrwlutiin Thnn ira ehoN k. - strong and nothing can hurt us. 'lt-nfli -riTi 1 it-ill Incf tall tvm n-Viiir a at- iu;iuiLii) i win juoi vvti ;wu n nut a jr we were formerly. If any enemies arose us, we had no occasion to lift ap r tl- V ! r.. l,nm It tlA Annni war .- IIHUU agUlUSL L11L-UJ, IUI UUI UlUC JJUgCl waos- dent; and as we have now made I strong ? ICUClOtj li Tt C QIC UUIJ IU tttiutai uiuw may retrieve the ancient glory ot the h It Is easy to imagine how attentively f - . It- i tl -4r. delegate to war congress nsiem:u w w m i a-nVn..,1 nl.lnflnln eta Ka tnlrl flf fltf A Ul llIC ifcHJllaWR illicit""! no u. wi v -: cient power of the Iroquois confederacy, I r gaineu so many jeuis uciwc uu ages" realized that "In union there Is stret, and put that realization into practical ? That delegate was Benjamin Franklin of Ps sylvania, who had in his pocket i plan fe union of the colonies which be bad fcroo$' Philadelphia with him. His plan provided for the appointment f president-general for the colonies, appoints the Crown, and the election by the nr colonial assemblies of a legislative body called the grand council. The powers wticfcfi were to exercise resembled in man? sa.n .i , Prooiiipnt and cobEts conierreu upuu i" -" . j our federal Constitution. The delegates M . i .,,.!.. 4nntM FrSEi-1 Albany congress uiiauiuiuu., plan, but It was defeated when brought m in tho pninntnl assemblies. ... a ho fnthcr country nr 4 so me coiouics u"u . deaf ears to the wisdom that can f Hps of such men as rmg p - " , hawKS ana uenjaiui" ..- , and went back to their policy of J-JJ through." : They blunder seri times in the campaign a next year. One of their MunderiJ gardlng the advice of King Hen to j fed his Mohawks to aid his friendj Johnson, who commanded the eipe J When it was proposed to fnd VJ of 1.000 troops and besieged Fort Edward the Mohan , Jected. "If they are to W hf Jf he said. "If they are to die, they But the council of ovemjUjJJ , it was proposed to send the detadjj the enemy in three V t preached his message of to w Strength. riCK.nB f . 1 i CUIIUUl Ul COB I yon will do It easily." .Isrerdcd ul But again his n detachment started against t commander. Dieskau. The "Jrl at Bloody Pond, the de fea t of tbo the loss of 100 men. Inclodi ng the , detachment. Col. Ephrauo RI M old Hendrick. His "" ' i first volley and before ho couio self. French JJ51 So the great Mohawk died . be P his English allies WWJSiS and Indian war to a sljSt his oft-repeated "in onto the : j not utterly lost SZ Utopchlt--V through his writings and J, Continental congress, plisj lived to see it become , t helped write a pledi Declaration of ln during the dark dayo - - - w j of that anion seemed kmifC Burvived long enoug h to J But before be a - - QpglSW Ishably preserved l U i .... nt America- Lnuea ci' .mrr ffloft fd to ic of ev t'ront, i obs alght Uw t' thr M to iif Ex ork t mm-, the i d wi ; 4 m |