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Show THURSDAY. .MARCH 15, 1934 THE LEHI SUN, LEII1. UTAH THURSDAY. Mu History of Early Railroads In Utah By W. F. Butt In the spring of 1881 there was an awakening, as to the need of better and quicker transportation for the Western Railroad building, News and rumors leaked out from the great Wall Street that new blood with capital behind It wa brushing aside some of the red tape that held the big corporations In its grasp. Prior to the advent of the railroads, rail-roads, freighting was done by team from the nearest shipping point. Teams would be days, weeks or months making trips from St. Louis, Missouri, or other points and from Bait Lake to Eureka, Nevada, Silver Reef or other mining points. To give an example of the con ditions, the mines at 8ilver City, Mammoth, and Eureka, Utah, had to depend on team freighting to and from; either via Santaquln, a station sta-tion on the Utah Southern railroad, or by team from the Iron mines In Tlntic, over the divide Into Rush valley, by way of Stockton and Tooele Into Bait Lake to the smel- ' ters. " . To give an idea of the ore haul In? and freighting, this example wlU give an idea of the problem, John Beck discovered the Bullion Beck Mine at Eureka, Juab county, PUh. Ho had his own bone and! ox teams to haul his own supplies from the mine to the smelters at Sandy, or Salt Lake. The trip taken by his teamsters and Bull Whackers would be Salt Lake to Lehl stop, then west over the Jordan bridge, then on the west side of Utah Lake by way of Pelican Peli-can Point and stop at the bend of the lake over night on account of water. Up before daylight next morning, then up the canyon by Homersville and then over the sum mit into Eureka. A word on the conditions of the railroads as late as 1870-1880. There were in the United States three gauges of railroads, if my memory serves me right. The New York Central was the last wide- gauge railroad to adopt the stan dard, which is most universal, and the narrow gauge, which was considered con-sidered the most adapted for mountain moun-tain climbing. After the Union Pacific and the Central Pacific railroads joined the . transcontinental lines, ft number of branch feeders followed as the result. re-sult. As Ogden was the nearest town to Promotory It became the terminal. The Utah Central branched down to Salt Lake City In 1869-1871 From there another, the Utah Southern, finally ended at Juab and then the Utah South em Extrusion to Milford. Millard county, Utah, and to the Frisco mines in that county. Now along these railroads ft number num-ber of narrow gauge railroad feeders were built, the Utah and Northern railroad, running north from Ogden afterward changed to the Oregon Short Line) to a wide gauge. Salt Lake, Sevier valley and Ploche railroad, rail-road, a narrow rail from Salt Lake, went part Blackrock. near where While the D. & R. O. was merg ing, the Union Pacific was not idle, but made rapid advancement by merging and consolidating their Interests In-terests and improvements. The old Utah Central, the Utah Southern, the Utah Southern Ex tension railroad has been adopted and merged so many times until twHrnn tnnthpr railroad movement. the Salt Lake Western Railroad, de- the Clark interests were taken over elded to build ft line to Tintlc and V the L. A. & S. L. railroad corn- chose to branch from Lehl June- P"1. na now are a pan w tlon on the Utah Southern, then 00 or over Jordan River, through Cedar vn .a Mti-. At the present time there is Pass, then along the Southeast end tlu n of Rush Valley, past the Bolter -., - Spring, below the metal mines of change of stock, as to who shall Moffet Tunnel In the meanwhile the evolution, ... . , vni I the inter-state commission to the mauuuuui. iu woo o uuwu uw pull from these mines. J, Z,ZZ ta fhii or the transformation of the pas-construction pas-construction company, the Condie . .... . ,,., ,A . . . . ,,',, senger traffic is undergoing radi- and Burt, in Rush Valley, at the . . m . head camp, doing all kinds of Jobs T, .T wherever they need (help .It hap- WTw the pewcu w u electric railroad is not Impossible, With the advent of the automobile, f Via ranrnaA mmnamr r MtmrwrilMl to the J. Fewson Smith Surveying I ftuto busMg to keep toe party, and I will say here, that no better, or finer lot of men could be bunched together than they were. passenger traffic. It would not surprise me to see a cement or bus road on each side The personel of the group included n,rfMA. wnM h J. Fewson Smith, head of the Party e to safeguard 01 oaii juase uiiy; nar. vranuau u unejj, jnterests, Mr. racKara transit men. i nuns. Chios m Cettea ProJuer China la third among world cot ton produeera, they were both of Sprlngville, Utah; Edward Hunter, as level man and his rod man of Salt Lake City; a fore chalnman, a back chalnman, ft stake marker, ex man, the team ster for the crew on the line, ft teamster for camp supply and the cook. The camp consisted tt foreman, tents and transit for mapping and notes, the level r.an, the crew tent, the cook and supply ter.ts and team ster and horses, Ea-h had his own bedding and tarpollan, sleeping on the ground, or cot, or bunch of boughs or limbs of a tree. Of tar-antulars, tar-antulars, scorpions, rats and ground squlrrlls on the bed, I say nothing. We were camped at a camp we called Jericho, between Mclntyres Ranch and West Tintlc, when the supply and mall teamster came from Sliver City with the news that Pres ident James A. Garfield was shot July 3, 1881. Our cook took sick and they sent for another, as It was a hurry up. He brought one nrViA aa 14 Via jvm i 14 wvV Mfr fa TIG style. He went out on the line and I 18 J Z J? . ,T did not get to camp until the next . ays the Club ta received no dl ,v, . rect word from Arthur Abele In SCOUT JAMBOREE HELD IN THIRD WARD A very successful scout Jamborea was held Friday evening in the Third ward chapel for the scouts of Troop 3, under the direction of scoutmasters Eldred Fox and Wayne Sunderland and the troop commit teemen. Twenty-one scouts registered into the trooD. .There were eight new scouts registering and were initiated into the troop. Nine committeemen also registered. Initiation stunts were featured and a series of lively games enjoyed, after which delicious refreshments were served. The boys report a gay time. SEWING CLASS COMPLETED The sewing class that has been going forward In Lehi, under the CWA program for the past six weeks, will draw to a close to-night (Thursday). Aooroxlmately one hundred women have been enrolled In the course and have accomplished some very splendid work. Most of the work done has been the remodeling re-modeling and making over of old clothing' There have been some ne articles made, but most of the work has consisted of remodeling ar tides of clothing. The class has been Instructed by Mrs. Juliet Goates and Mrs. Mary Maudsley.. UTIAMtRiC4ANTARCTIC UJ.MA- fizaidod U No Word 1 Expert Tells How To Grow Flower Seeds Here In order to get the nest results, all flower seed must be sown very carefully and each variety given the treatment it particularly needs, advises Professor J.p." Hogenson, exxtension agronomist of the Utah State Agricultural college. Failures of flower seeds to grow can be attiibuted largely to sowing them too deep. Remember that the little snrouts are rtal small and delicate and cannot push up through much soli. There are many varieties which give much better results if the seed 'a sown on top of the seed bed and not covered with soil. Make a well prepared rather firm seed bed with finely pulverized soil on top. Sow the seed on this and simply press it Into the surface with a piece of board. If the bed Is kept shaded and moist the seed will soon germlaate. Varieties for the planting plant-ing according to this method are: Petunias, verbenas, lobelia, salpig-lossls, salpig-lossls, begonias, portulaca, snapdragons, snapdrag-ons, pansies and stocks, a The next common cause of failure fail-ure is sowing flower seed too early. They will not sprout In cold wet soil, warns Professor Hogenson. In this latitude and altitude, the fore part of May is about the right time to sow most varieties of flowers. More satisfaction will be obtained If the seed is sown carefully in rows which are kept labelled. The soil should be moistened thoroughly before be-fore the seed is sown. Watering dry soil directly after the seed Is sown usually wash it away. It is always advisable to provide a shade for sowings of flower seed, if possible. If the soil Is kept shad ed, it will retain a natural moisture; a hard crust will not form; the sow ing will be protected from beating rains; and the soQ temperature will be more constant The shading should be gradually removed as soon as the seed begins to germinate. If not shaded keep the surface well-cultivated well-cultivated to prevent crusting of the soil over the seed. Annuals bloom the same year as planted from seed and do not live HOW TO SAVE Why pay more than is necessary for transport On many trips you , can travel in swift,' comfy and safe electric cars for a fraction of what it ' cost to travel by other conveyance. D Electric railway transportation is easy on the pocket book. Use it! convenient nd scorched, burned biscuits, enough baking powder for bitter root. Mon tana did not last long. I now mention an Incident which Is of Importance. One day while on the line, another survey party Little America. The interruption is due to several things. One of these is the fact that the engineers are changing the radio equipment at little America and Installing direc tional antennae so that future messages, mes-sages, stories and broadcasts will came, running and paralelling our come through perfectly. Messages i I... I I I I I we oanieid smelter .is now, to a place between Tooele and Stock ton, the mining camps of Stockton, Ophlr and Tooele being the objec tive. The next narrow feeder was the Wasatch, from near Sandy to Was atch. The granite quarry from which the material of the Salt Lake temple was obtained, and the ores from the Alta mines were carried over this route. At this place a horse tramway was in use. The next feeder was the narrow Bingham railroad, from West Jordan Jor-dan up to tap the lead and silver camp, ending below the mining amp with both tramways and teams hauling out of the hills. At American Fork. Utah county, ft narrow gauge went up into the American Fork canyon to tap the mines. This was soon abandoned fts not paying investment. The next feeder on the Utah Southern was the Utah, and Pleas-ant Pleas-ant Valley Coal company railroad. This line had it$ terminal at Provo and Springvllle, Utah county. It ran up the Spanish Fork canyon, switching back and forth to gain rraae. nnaliy over the divide into Emery county to the Coal mines at Winter Quarters, or Schofield. The coal mines being very extensive there were several companies, the Union Pacific being one. How the small Shay engines managed to haul the amount over the hill was a wonder won-der to me. At Provo it was necessary neces-sary to unload or transfer the coal from the small cars over into the Utah Southern, larger cars, thus adding expense to the consumer. Further south there was the San- prxo vaiiey raiiroiuj taking off at! weprd, Juab county, tapping the agricultural ag-ricultural field of Sanpete county. With quicker and cheaper transportation, trans-portation, the movement of cattle and sheep and the movement of mineral wealth from the coal fields oegan to expand. The metal prod' oris tnerea'MKl. Whole farming products and the onen markets made tt an object to pen new fields of commfTce. are now being received by Admiral Byrd and his men on the ice but they are unable to send messages out We should be receiving our stories in another tew days now and we bet they will be exciting stuff! There is lots going on down in Richard C. HoytLittle America. Radio Man The last of the supplies are being brought In from the various caches on the ice and the winter quarters are being made as comfortable as possible. Captain Cap-tain Allan Innes-Taylor, In charge f Admiral Byrd's dog department, las left with three other men for i S00 mile Journey back toward Car the franchise to the Spanish Fork I Itnen Land to establish a food base canyon and the right to the great as part of the scientific program of coal fields in Emery, and after- the expedition. A crack which is de- wards Carbon counties: and also veloplng In the Ice in back of Little opening to the Denver and Golden. I America is causing the Admiral and entrance into Utah and Col- ome concern ana ne is taxing ms orado from the east and an open- U8UaJ earl and wUe Precautions, ing for another transcontinental pTien Arthur's stories sUrt coming line to the rm.nt t th- m Um through again, we hope he will tell us au aooui uai aog iea journej so you may mark It properly on your Club maps. This delay gives us a chance to tell you about an Interesting mem ber of the Club who la not oo the Expedition but is a very Important member of tt This Is Richard C line the same way we were running, They had Just came in from over the Colorado line, all like a walk ing arsenal, armed with six shooters. They took observations from our bench marks. They were, we heard, of the Denver and Golden (Denver and Rio Grande) Now as I took back to those times, the events following the advent of those Colorado surveys mention ed in substance would be something like this: A big corporation, gen erally has a lot of red tape before It can move rapidly, unless provided previously, and the result at this time was something like ft news paper reported getting a "scoop.1 The result was that the Denver and Rio Orande Western obtained a franchise of the narrow gauge Pleasant Valley railroad that held and thus made it necessary for the Union Pacific, which virtually con trolled the Utah Southern, to be dependent de-pendent on them if they wished the use of that feeder to their coal mines. ' The Union Pacific company find ing their interests threatened, made Hoyt who. with his radio receiving a survey up Spanish Fork canyon and started grading and a convpro- mlse was made. The D. & R. G, W. not only obtained the P. V. railroad but got ths Bingham feeder, also the Wasatch. They ran a line up to Park City from Salt Lake, com peting with the U. P. from that mining camp, also one from Provo up Provo canyon to Heber City. The Denver, not content then built a branch from Springvllle, Utah, on the south side of Utah Lake, (througn oosnen, then up Homersville canyon. They had to! make the loop the loop, the same as they done in Colorado, i" order to gain grade to climb t - moun tain. The line continue over the summit, down into Eureka, Juab' county and from there around the hill to Mammotii, with the switch to Silver City. By doing this they competed with the other company. They aiv ran a branch line from Thistle on the main line to Span- isfl rork canyon (the Sanpete branch) over the mountain into the Sanpete and Sevier vallevs and tapped the agricultural fields as far et constitutes the northern end of the 10,000 mile air line that trans mits the stories from President Abele and Lieut Comdr. George Novilla, who are collaborating Id keeping the now 11.000 Club mem bers informed about the doings down at the bottom of the world. From midnight to 8 ajm. every nlt except Wednesdays, Dick Hoyt ts glued to his set high tn the radio room of the Mackay Radio and Telegraph Company, on Broad Street New Tork. and receives Abele's stories, expedition newt bul letins, messages to families and all the other "word traffic" which goes on between this sclentinc Expedt tlon and the outside world. Hoyt Is a cartoonist a photographer. wood-carver and. he says, a fairly good sailor, tn addition to being an expert radio operator. And what do you think he does on his dars off? He Is an amateur wireless operator! la this capacity his name is "WCFFL" and he la an active member of the NaTal Militia. This week we had a moet Inter esting visit from D O. Shook. n charge of the expedition mail bur eau at Washington, and be asked as as Marysva'e. At present by consolidating with I to ext:Mn to tbe Club members how triik WAcfjtm rv, i r, i. , . I .v , . ""' s nave a through line to the coast. addrewe to U.3m actually sent from Little America with the can-f celled Byrd Antartic Expedition II' stamp. On January 30th, President, Roosevelt's birthday. Admiral Byrd opened in Little America the most remote official ' post offlco in the domain of the United States. There will be only two cancella tion dates for 'he mail sent from Little America, t One of these dates will be that of the opening of the Little America Post Office on Presi-1 dent Roosevelt's birthday. It is. of course, too late now to send mall for that dating., The second date has not yet been decided but letters for this second cancellation are now being accepted by the Postmaster Post-master for delivery about a year from now. . Those who wish to receive or send officially stamped letters from Little America may send as many letters as they desire, addressed to themselves or to friends. The ad-' dressed letters should be left un stamped and should be inserted in another envelope with the usual domestic postage affixed. Enclose a postal money order tor S3 cents payable to the iByrd Antartic Ex pedition. The' outside envelope should then be addressed to the Byrd Antarctic Expedition n. care of The Postmaster, Washington; D. C. Do not address these letters' to the Club. We are simply telling you about this ! mall arrangement for your information and to render. additional service to the Expedi-) tlon. All the letters you send ad dressed to yourself or your friends will be packed at Washington and sent to San Francisco by train. Then they will go by steamship to New Zealand where they will be' placed on board the Expedition's flagship, Jacob Ruppert and the Bear of Oakland, which will take them next December or January to the Rosa Ice Barrier. There they ill be unloaded and hauled by dog team to Little America where they will be postmarked and returned to you and the other recipients. By the time they get back they will have traveled almost 25.000 miles and. with the beautiful stamp and the Interesting official cancellation from the Little America Post Office, tbey will make a wonderful souvenir sou-venir lor years to couie. Readers of these stories are applying ap-plying tor membership card3 and the tree map of the South fo!ar regions faster than we can ttke care of them with the Club's s.t all staff. We have 1000 mexbers al ' , ready and pretty soon we shall be j on of the biggest Cubs la the ; wortd. In additioa to the lapel button but-ton wnlch we expect to send out , la the near future, we are going to J send diagrams of some or the equip-1 ment being nsed on this great Ex-1 pedition. la the meantime, if rou ' would like to Join the Cub. with-! out cost, and receive one of tie free ' working maps to you can keep ! track of ail the Expedition fights j exploration trips, etc.. st:;!v send j a euaaressed stamred envelope : Arthur Abele. Jr. Ptm.h ; Salt Lake & Utah Railroad Finds Utah Schools Far Above Averag David Gourley, superintendent of the Alpine district, declared that the Alpine district schools are well above the average for the United States, following his return from the national convention of superintendents, superin-tendents, held at Cleveland, Ohio, and after a visit of many districts in his trip to and from the convention. conven-tion. Superintendent Gourley was away for two weeks. Monday he submitted to the School Board, of this district a detailed report of not only his observations at the convention, but his investigation of various school systems visited en-route. en-route. The trip was made In company com-pany with superintendent H. C. Bur ton of Davis County. The report submitted to the board is made in two parts: First observations obser-vations made by visits to various schools enroute, and, Second the the health , Tm cent of the teeth are cC nually, and through cwLl Witt! rfmtH. &K4 " to oi rrom lOc each. At the training school oj &J City the activity n standing, all children being J to take part In some u i . J ty such as-health, conduct, ! pwpvny, art, musk, wat .U.I.U. . iv, Buueuc, etc. The college also was visited Two high schools and m. mentary school were visited ha Louis. Superintendent his reports comments on one of;? high schools as being "sona reactionary to modern thintol convention itself. I education, a reallv cla.ii h. J over winter. Most all varieties can They ieft salt Lake on Sundayeducation being employed. 1W be grown successfully from seed February 18th, and by traveling at standing activity of this school J sown out doors In the spring. Those 'night were given an opportunity to states, which might be of vala mat can oe sown eany are: uaisom, ; vslt schools in Denver, Kansas City, our schools, is the use of an J Bwcuu, swecu peas, cusimw, ium st Louis, Indianapolis and Cincjn-visory system wherein each staH u uva-iw, vcinciuito, uuFiu, lufrMuv, natti, wnere tney receivea iirst studying SOTT1A rioWI...!. ;f, -rr. wet gypsophila, calendula, allyssum and candytuft. o Genius Died in Poverty Frledrlch Wilhelm Goebel, recognized recog-nized In Germany as the Inventor of the military tank, died without collecting col-lecting the 10.000,000 marks he demanded de-manded as compensation from the ministry of .defense for his Invention. Inven-tion. His widow was left penniless. penni-less. Goebel, old and poor at his death, first exhibited , his tank In 1913, when it climbed a SO per cent grade amid the applause of high imperial im-perial officers. He maintained to the last that failure of the kaiser's officers to recognize the Importance of the tank caused Germany's defeat de-feat In the var, . The tank was one of a 1ps list of Goebel's inventions, inven-tions, ranging over the fields of aviation, shipping, electricity and warfare. The Etkimos Very little Is known about the origin of the Eskimo race. Even the word Eskimo is not their own but was bestowed upon them by their Indian neighbors south of the Arctic Arc-tic circle. For a long time they were regarded as Mongolian stock who had la some way crossed the ocean, possibly near Bering strait But many anthropologists regard them as one kind of North American Indian, In-dian, possibly one of the oldest f the Indian races, Nobel Priiei Nobel prizes were first awarded In 1901. Only one American has won the Nobel prize for literature, Sinclair Lewis. In 1930. hand information concerning : the school systems and class room procedures pro-cedures of the five states and in the words of the report "found as many different organizations and philosophies of education as there were states," each of which "con tributed to something new and dif ferent in education." From these different systems, superintendent Gourley states he gained a great many new concepts of practical value. In Denver he visited the "Opportunity "Oppor-tunity School" where adult education educa-tion is coupled with that of young people attempting to gain education even though forced to work all day for a living. This school opens at 7 am. and closes at 10 p. m. the students attending at their own convenience con-venience and selecting subjects to improve a chosen vocation. The lack In this school, he observed, was that of leisure time activities, there being a need of physical education and appreciation courses. In Kansas City the party spent a full day visiting two elementary and Teacher Training institutions. Some interesting notations were made of these observations, one being be-ing that In one of the elementary schools an ungraded room was established es-tablished where students unable to do the work of the regular grade in which they belonged were given work to meet the level of their understanding. un-derstanding. Here the school adjusted ad-justed its program to the pupil's needs. There, also, was an open-air open-air room for children coming from families with tubercular diseases. Here also was established a Junior vocational school where children with t Q's of 75-80 might go and devote one-fourth of their time KEEPING Y READ IT carefully from week to week You will &rwi SetaMMi Utile America Ariaiicn Ei;!o-a-t l!!rmroW tlon Cub. Hotel Lexington. 4Sth ! of rU event. Street and Lexlagtoa Avenue. New r gUo fnrxk ior, pi. t. to OU ill I II II - P i I" II II! IN TOUCH WITH WORLD EVENTS Out WEEKLY NEWS REVIEW gives you a condensed, editorial interpretation interpreta-tion of the events of each week that are mating world history. It is a syndicated newspaper feature prepared by Edward W. Pickard, one of the highly trained newspaper observers of the cation. No newspaper can offer its readers any better foundation for their intelligent discussion of the history-making events of the world. We consider ourselves fortunate for-tunate in being one of the newspapers ah!e to secure this valuable feature. Is placed under the direction & some teacher who gives M i gfuide in his work, checks titedf ance and contacts the home o( J pupil absent without excuse. fc of the first manual training departments de-partments in America was m housed in the other high t&d visited. I In Indianapolis it was found tfcs greatest effort is being made to ac-I just the schools to the needs of fef pupils. All club activities wert I part of the cirriculum here. Eff high school visited in tills city m enrolled 42 per cent of all h)1 school students of the city, and x cording to the report Is realty c opportunity school for students n! to 21 years cf age. j inree distinctive types tlon organization were noted In C; cinnattl. AH pupils are required to take part in some kind of acS or club program. Vocational ance is given in the Junior Wtt school. The aim of the schools is to train good citizenship and ttaf of low mentality are sent to opjw tunity schools. i In some twentynseven topics, erintendent Gourley summutoi high lights of the convention is latest thought in education. Bpw will not permit them all b'jtJT are outstanding. One says "Tm ers must not place too much phasls upon skill or sharpened tellect and more upon the around the child." Another "Prevent crime by proper eduaai It costs $300 for correction and P for education per chM ' Z age age of criminal Is 23 years. largest group of criminals are" , th next ar?5 group 18 years. Onefourtton national income Is used fL Other outstanding pointed were "Create an awakening life habits for dlj3 years of age"; ana HI Ct education is ever necessuj -for those under 18 years. jf. ,f- the btrai in 1933 for the first time. rod! IF You Want to S3 Vft Want to Buy you Have Lost Scsfr thing You Have Something-You Something-You Want Help You Want a Job OUR WANT ADS WILL HELP YOU Phone 90-W S I diss B f jocS B&i si"8 if. ft 5 B. WOT km. sod to 08 ad Mrs. : iaderson t spent M ti temp George S! Salt Late MStiasl l-ended tt wGeorge feiturday Mrs. 0 hae to I fc Men Ci have b Athenian siatti Ms 1 it & r5 tqrr |