OCR Text |
Show HIE LEW SUN. LEII1. UTAH National Topics Interpreted by William Bruckart Washington. Things have happened hap-pened here In Washington at such a rate recent-Treat recent-Treat Separately ly that most With Nation f u been wholly oblivious to the existence and the subsequent death of the world-wide economic conference In London, and the aftermath of those sessions. True, there never could have been Anything come of the conference for the simple reason selfishness ruled that meeting as It rules every other meeting of representatives of different differ-ent peoples. But It appears from the vantage point that our government is now ready to embark on a new course, one which It could hardly have tackled bad the London conference con-ference never been held. So at least the London conference resulted In clarifying the general situation from our own standpoint You have seen the signs of moves bj our government In the last month la guarded announcements to the effect ef-fect that Department of State's experts ex-perts were surveying the possibilities possibili-ties of trade treaties with many nations. na-tions. They are called bi lateral treaties and affect, of course, only the two nations entering into the compact While the London conference confer-ence was going on, it would not have been a gesture of hope for success In that gathering had the United States nt the same time moved openly to arrange individual treaties with nations participating in those discussions. That very thing was being done, nevertheless, and now the effort Is no longer concealed, con-cealed, The United States Is seeking seek-ing to do In the treaties with Individual Indi-vidual nations some of the things it sought, and failed, to do in London. Lon-don. Secretary Hull is back from London, Lon-don, has had a night of confidential conversation with President Roosevelt Roose-velt lie Is ready to go ahead, Indeed, In-deed, he Is charged by the President to proceed, with the new plan of action. Consequently, In the next few months we are likely to hear much about agreements between the United States and various other nations na-tions by which trade barriers will be removed to some extent and better bet-ter understandings will have been obtained about commercial relations. There are so many barriers to the free flow of commerce these days, aside from the low level of purchasing purchas-ing power resulting from the depression, depres-sion, that one can see possibilities of great results. Vet as observers here view the situation Secretary Hull has a hard Job. Nations are selfish, or their people are. They naturally want to protect their markets mar-kets and they obviously are unwilling unwill-ing to give up anything unless they gain something else. So there Is to be trading; there will have to be trading, and the United States will have to give in somewhere with every nation la the treaty negotla-tlons. negotla-tlons. For Instance, If a new trade treaty were to be negotiated with France, It appears that France certainly would have to agree to remove limitations lim-itations on certain kinds of Imports from the United States. They are called quotas. They prescribe that only so many thousand pounds, say, of American wheat can be Imported Into France. In turn, no doubt, France will demand that the United States establish a lower tariff duty on some commodities which that nation na-tion heretofore has shipped here In large quantities. But to get back to the London conference: I recall having written writ-ten In these col-Plan$ col-Plan$ Another umns at the out-Road out-Road set of those ses sions that President Pres-ident Roosevelt was In a highly advantageous ad-vantageous position when he promoted pro-moted the meeting of some 64 nations. na-tions. Whether he expected the widely advertised conference was going to fall as a great many persons per-sons believed, by entering wholeheartedly whole-heartedly Into it, sending a large American delegation to participate and doing the other things that gave the appearance of sincerity, he maneuvered at the very same time to build another road which this country can follow. When the London Lon-don conference was called, the big issue was whether our government should act In unison with other world powers on an International basis or whether we were to become an Intensely nationalistic country. Therefore, while Mr. Roosevelt on the one band was pushing American plans and proposals into the conference confer-ence for an International understanding, under-standing, he was on the other hand driving legislation tike the farm adjustment ad-justment act highly nationalistic in character, through congress. While every ounce of energy is being used to stabilize American crop production within the limits of our own needs and while every effort ef-fort Is being otlllied to create a manufactorlng structure self-sustaining within our own limits, the President now Is seeking to fortify those acts and strengthen our position po-sition by treaties with Individual nations na-tions on trade relations. In other words, he is completing the picture of nationalism. Whether his program Is to develop de-velop successfully Is quite another matter. lie has rejoined what I believe be-lieve Is the majority of the American Ameri-can public In the view that the United Unit-ed States cannot ever act Jointly with most of the world powers. Conditions Con-ditions and traditions heretofore have made it impossible and the view I have expressed cannot be Illustrated Il-lustrated better than the position which the senate took with respect to the Versailles treaty after the World war. The same thought seems still to be dominant for the proposal pro-posal that the United States adhere to the World court has been pending pend-ing In the senate so long that it Is approaching deterioration. The Roosevelt theory, as thus far unfolded, un-folded, falls to give the Impression of Isolation for the United States such as always was favored by former for-mer Senator James A. Reed of Missouri, Mis-souri, and the late Senator Henry Cabot Lodge of Massachusetts, according ac-cording to the views I hear In Washington Wash-ington discussions, but it Is not far from the position. The administration is going ahead to bring about reduction of the wheat acreage Cutting next year wheth- Wheat Acreage erwe caU, lt, policy of Isola tion or not and it is going to see that only so much Is produced as will be needed In this country. It may seem that the wheat reduction program is rather far afield from the London conference, but let us remember that Secretary Wallace made the announcement that the program would be employed on the very day the London conference adjourned. ad-journed. All of the Department of Agriculture machinery was set in motion that day, and lt may be added add-ed that Uke the trade treaty situation, situ-ation, all of the necessary facts and figures for use In the domestic allotment al-lotment plan were already compiled and on the secretary's desk. It seems Just possible, therefore, that not too much had been expected from the conversations In London regarding world wheat problems. Secretary Wallace estimated that 456,000,000 bushels would be needed out of next year's crop the 1934 acreage In addition to the carryover carry-over from this and previous years to supply domestic needs. Accordingly, Accord-ingly, he has sent Instructions to farm agents or agricultural extension exten-sion agents In the various wheat-growing wheat-growing counties to get to work on contracts with the farmers. The agreements are like those which the cotton farmers were asked to, and did sign. It Is a voluntary proposition. propo-sition. If the farmer signs the contract con-tract to withhold some of his normal nor-mal acreage from planting next year, he will benefit by the receipt of cold cash to the extent of 28 cents a bushel out of the sum which the government collects as a processing proc-essing tax. I am told that Secretary Wallace Is about ready to announce how much the acreage will have to be reduced In the 2.2.13 counties in 42 states where wheat is more than a side crop such as on that "strip across the ditch." The maximum that will be cut is 20 per cent of a farmer's average acreage over the past five years, If all of the farmers agree to reduce re-duce their acreage, the cash paid out this fall and Farmer$ to Get the next spring $136,000,000 win total $130-' $130-' ' ' 000,000, an addition addi-tion to the purchasing power of the wheat counties that cannot be ignored. ig-nored. Under the contract which the farmers will be asked to sign, they will receive an Initial payment on their allotment of 20 cents a bushel as early this fall as county wheat production control associations associa-tions can be organized and the individual in-dividual allotments completed. The second payment constituting the remainder re-mainder of the 8 am due, will be paid the farmers next spring when they will be asked to submit proof that they have reduced the acreage as agreed in their contract la fixing the jSiza of the wheat crop next year, the government calculators calcula-tors took Into consideration every known factor. But they had to make a guess .on one thing, the weather. They assumed that the weather was going to be "normal" next year and that there would be a normal crop. That Is, they figure the weather conditions would be such as to produce a crop equivalent equiva-lent to the average of the last five years. I have been unable to learn what the allotment plan contemplates contem-plates in event there should be a widespread drought or how the acreage would be treated if there happened to be a bumper crop. . . The government divided op the 4"rf3,OOO.ftX bushels which It figured should be grown next year on the basis of the percentage each of the 42 states had grown of the total crop In the last five years. The total to-tal of bushels to be produced next year appears to be about f5 per cent of the average amount of the crop In the last five years. e. 131. Wasters Xmw Uslva. Alfalfa, Clover Bring Late Crops To Be Used Where Chinch Bugs Have Riddled the Corn and Barley. Br J. O. Hacklem.n, Crop Ext.ntloB Specialist, Coll.g. of Agriculture, Uolv.mlty of Illluola. WNU fc.rvlc. Extensive areas In central and north central Illinois where chinch bugs have ruined the corn or barley crops can best be planted to alfalfa or red clover. Planting these legumes le-gumes not only would put a crop on land that otherwise would be Idle and costly, but also would be In line with the national agrlcul tural adjustment program, which Is designed to reduce the acreage of grain crops. Illinois farmers already al-ready have adjusted their cropping systems to the point where they are growing a million acres more of legumes than they were in 1910-1914, 1910-1914, but the acreage can be vastly extended by seeding alfalfa and red clover on land where the corn or barley has been riddled by the chinch bugs, provided the soil is adapted. It is important that soil condl tlons in the field be known before either alfalfa or red clover Is seed ed. The land must be sweet and must have a sufficient amount ol phosphorus. Simple tests are avail able for determining this.' The seed bed already has been prepared and by occasional additional cultlva tlons can be kept in excellent con dltlon for seeding. Red clover and alfalfa can be seeded In mid-sum mer. This will help to solve thf problem of crop acreages and will make It materially easier for farm ers to put a crop adjustment pro gram Into effect for 1934. Choosing something to replace corn that has been ruined b, chinch bugs Is doubly difficult be cause the crop must be one that U Immune to the bugs and that can at the same time, be planted at lat date. Sudan grass and millets which could be seeded at this sea son of the year, are out of th question because they are hlghlj favored foods of chinch bugs. About the only cash grain cror available at this date is buckwheat This will yield from ten to as manj as twenty-five bushels to the acre depending upon soil fertility and seasonal conditions. The best va rletles are Japanese and Sllvei Hull. Finds Phosphates of V. S. Worth Billions The $300,000,000 worth of phos phate rock which the phosphate de posits of the United States have yielded to date Is a small Item com pared to the total phosphate re sources of this country. Workers of the bureau of chemistry and soils have completed a survey of Amer lea's phosphate resources which has been published by the United States Department of Agriculture. They estimate American phosphate resources at 6,200,000,000 long tons, worth approximately $18,000,000,000. Because the phosphate deposits of the United States form Its most valuable val-uable natural fertilizer resource, and because phosphatlc fertilizers are used more widely and In great er quantities by American farmers than fertilizers containing other plant-food elements, these findings are of Interest to farmers and fer tlllzer manufacturers. This survey discloses the occur rence, production, and reserves of phosphate rock in the United States and presents detailed information in-formation on their chemical composition compo-sition which Indicates the com paratlve value of all the domestic varieties of phosphate rock that are of commercial importance at the present time. Dairy Income The cash Income of farmers from sales of milk and milk products In 1932 Is estimated at a little less than a billion dolars ($9S5,090,000). Adding to this the value of the milk, cream, and butter used In households on the farms where produced, pro-duced, gives a gross income from dairy products In 1932 of about one and a quarter billion dollars ($1,200,-424,000). ($1,200,-424,000). With the prices of most farm products declining even faster than the prices of dairy products, the proportion of the total Income of farmers derived from milk increased from 19H per cent In 1929 to 244 per cent in 1932. If allowance Is made for the value of the milk cows and the calves of milk cows sold or slaughtered In 1932, the total Income of farmers from dairying was close to $1,400,000,000 or about 27 per cent of the income from all farm products. United States Bureau of Agricultural Economics. Age of Freshening In the examination of Advanced Registry records. Prof. C W. Turner Tur-ner of the Missouri College of Agriculture Agri-culture has drawn the following conclusion concerning the effect of age at first freshening upon the later lat-er production of heifers : "The most efficient milk and fat production (utilisation of nutrients) will be obtained ob-tained by breeding animals to calve them at from 20 to 24 months of age, maximum production at about SO months of age, and within 5 to 10 per cent of the maximum production pro-duction at from 23 to 2S months, depending upon the breed." Highway Without a Rival Traveler in California Can Jcurney for Many Miles Beneath Majestic Redwood Trees That Have Flourished for Thousands of Years. I doubt if there Is any highway In the world to match the beauty of the great Redwood highway which California Cali-fornia has built through the mountains moun-tains and along the sea, up toward her Oregon frontier. For two hundred hun-dred miles you travel, most of the time, beneath redwoods which have the vertical majesty of the Empire State building's columns and a towering tow-ering green dignity and simplicity which no man-made building can rival ri-val They are Immense; the eye takes time to adjust to their height Sometimes the rugged trunks stretch skyward for two hundred feet without a branch; sometimes the branches almost touch the ground. And they are abundant; these are no lone trees, relics of bygone age, but whole forests of giants, with few trees but redwood saplings In their shade. The "Founders' Tree" on the Dyervllle flats, 304 feet high, labeled "the world's tallest known tree," eems little taller than Its neighbors. That "Founders' Tree," dedicated to the founders of the Save-the-Ited-woods league Madison Grant John CL Merrlam and Henry Fairfield Os-born, Os-born, two of them New Yorkers and one a citizen of Washington, D. C hints part of the romance behind the chain of state redwood parks. Driving Driv-ing today through that chain of giant groves, you have to sense of a mighty race In peril of destruction; you feel only that redwoods have flourished her for thousands of years and still flourish. But there was a time when logging was proceeding at such a pace that it seemed doubtful whether coming generations would ever know what California's and America's biggest living things had been. The Save-the-Redwoods league roused the nation bo thoroughly that even along the Klamath river, where the mountain walls are solid with redwood and the river Is full of dead redwood snags, I could hardly bring myself to feel that the Indians, using redwood for fuel, were less than des-ecrators. des-ecrators. Atd the national bank and "movie" house at Scotia, built as Imitation Imi-tation Greek temples with solid redwood red-wood logs for columns seemer a cruel waste. The Scotlans, of course, had merely used the cheapest and most abundant wood of their neighborhood. neighbor-hood. A few of the best groves, oven dl rectly beside the Redwood rlghway, are still In private bands, and some day may yet be sacrificed to the value of board feet of lumber. But most of these groves are state parks, saved, unless from tire, forever. Yon pass through the Lane grove, the Mather grove, the Williams grove, and other groves dedicated to heroes of the long fight, and finally even through the Calif ornta-Sta te-Feder-allon-of-Women's- Clubs and the Gar-den-CIubs-of-Amerlca groves, dedl-. cated to other groups of warriors. Such names at first seem ludicrous; they are, of course, no sillier than the Moblloll bay which Sir Hubert Wllklns dedicated to a patron of his Antarctic flights or the Charles V. Bob mountains which Admiral Ryrd first dedicated to a doubtful benefactor, bene-factor, then erased from his maps. They are close kin to Virginia, Carolina Caro-lina and Georgia names of our Atlantic At-lantic coast Age lends dignity to the most violent eccentricities of grateful nomenclature when It does not simply forget them. The big trees lead the mind back Into the prehistoric past of California. Califor-nia. The giants were giants before Columbus sighted American land; some of them were titans when Caesar ruled Rome. For the redwood red-wood begins life violently, then takes Its time. A fifty-year-old tree is as big as an eastern veteran; after Its second century the redwood grows slowly, and the tree which mny be twenty -five hundred years old today seems little vaster from the base than a tree a thousand years its Junior. The tall ferns, the oxalls and the little star flower, and the flesh-colored western azalea and pink rhodo dendron which peek out from beneath be-neath the big trees along the Klamath Kla-math river cannot be much different from the ferns and forest flowers and shrubs which have been openln to the morning dews of California from time Immemorial. But beyond their own shade the big trees look out on a changed prospect The Yurok Indians In-dians still cut redwood to make the dugout canoes by which they still travel along thot1 But the, nref tt, and the ..i.... J k motorbonts begin.'. Every yiir roads sends the L1 of machine oivhW f.irrW ..... laU6 fcj deep Into the Twentl 4 wild country of 2 Slimes nVM of redwoods. a,. . tt A uown on the motor cars that windrK Redwood hhh. lonely. vh 4 In a world of managed currencies Jyl al balanoM .... m N uettln the NewyorkZ une. Freak Thunder Storm Made Weird Spectacle In the log of the British steamer Moravian, Capt A. Simpson described a thunder storm on December 30, 1902. Just within range of (Jape Verde lighthouse. At 1 :30 a. m., a warm puff of dust-laden wind came off the African shore. Lightning, at first distant on the northeast horizon, became almost continuous, with loud thunder. ;- .- All the stars were visible; only upper clouds, no cumulus, in the sky. Captain Simpson had never before experienced a severe thunder storm without cloud. Charles Fltzhugh Talman. who describes this freak thunder storm In his Science Service feature "Why the Weather?" goes on : "For fully an hour the sky was one blaze of lightning, and wire ropes, mastheads, yardarras. derrick ends, etc. were lighted up. All the stays seemed to have glow lamps three to four feet apart and the mastheads and yardarms a bright light at their extremities. "The most remarkable part of the phenomenon was the extraordinary sound emitted throughout It was, says the log, exactly like the noise of the sparks fan. . an arc lamn: or .. u. ' sands of cicadas hn quarters In th rtut.. " ling of burning uuise was notloctifc bridge, but the office,,; all over the ship. even borhood of the noisy Literary Digest. Doomidij The end of the world k according to the inh.k : cairn Island. andthejanJ vision tortne ruture,anil real Hprnlri Tim. ... ' i UCJ wiHf. young coconuts this yearaors up anything for the hit lE people of the Island atctke k ants or ungiish sailors tW on the warshln Rnnnti hrJ Tahltian women. Becaiatd isolation in mid-Pacific, thefe oic ocii-auyporilDg. Wst;t other fruits brought tottelJ the crew of the Bounty eJ growing there. Some of tie i turai implements still n! made from the Iron of the Visitors are not allowed It there. Neither are thev nm drink alcohol or wear sh& Jlll,r JiSS'ifflrCTiSi. 1 w t:f 2 ..- , .9.' I i fr i n i i i I lAArv in1:, ."". P M if t mS.':, K J 5 Every Fiber In Every Cord In Every?, In Every Firestone Tire li f . BLOWOUT PROTtUt. Qwn-dJppwj Vl . l ulu'! '"gu opeea oum-Liipped Tires hold all world records on roau track for Safety, Speed, Mileage and Endurance. They are first choice of W drivers men ivhn -will nnf t i . n nthet m "1. iouc wauixs ur iisk weir uvea u" " " ,1 Firestone Tires are the onW cords and" H Extra Process of niIlVT.TiTPPTrn -..i.!-i- CAi7i"nv im ""''vr nmtu pives oov0 longer Jieiuig -SAFETY AMI ATnn r tjt rwi-mTv-r, T. t. , .v uiiunuui I IIU 1 H,C 1 lUVN . f 'it k o: ). I K kt it it jlm jeni rwi' !il W B I fir jer 9 Its: lent tjlet lei tort M tot lto iloac I hi las e y m si t fell to i si's Heps .'the I t won i I on 4l H .ifor k ton ti I mi? N ila bre m ping, Ntt $)k not 4 the !to Jm i jt?U stee: velei Jiellev todi I atei I "Gar ire k I m M ti fie f hat The Firestone Dealer In Your Community Will Give You a Liberal ADf w. ,v.r Ti em i ires io Apply On New Firestone High aPB trmm ju, oueiy dj equipping your car TUUAI lire pnc low-Buy now before they advance again. f too the MASTERPIECE of TIRE CONSTRUCTION IHENEWTire$fone Equal lo AO Firs! Line, Standard Brand Tires in Qualify, Constrvc- " -is tion anJ Ap" : "iTVpearance, Yel ' ;Wk Sold at a Li ZWt s- ...... f .75-19 $8.40 SS-U 10.00 LSO-1T 10.95 J-SO-1J 11.50 (-00-17 12.4S ee-ia 11.70 HI6H SPCCD TYPE 6.00-IS HD 6.00-19 HD (J50-1SBD . (JO-UHD 7.00-19 HD . 7.50-18 WT Othar Sum IVapartaanaicfy Lam $15.10 15.60 17.40 I7.0 20.80 l.O0 nt ii k mai Mil "Afford. UPifCVl Sav" Xf f f X J ins Is T!reloneffi nuncr spark, Increased power and longei life. Sealed gainst power leakage. Old worn plugs waste gasoline. We test U yonr Spark Plugs S C S rmu. CWDippW Tlra. mad. rtjm'b 7.55 "Ti"; jibi 35y7,f 10.15 Othar Sua Propartionatmly Lam" Tircstond Yirestont OLDFIELD TYPE SENTINEL TYPE I? 6'70 ff -05 5.0O-t( Eemr 6.70 Buick) -0 ' 8.10 CharrZl 5? Ford I Auburn) Fljra'bl Stnde'r O.Ofi Rocknei 5,50-11) 5,85-H' OWlWwllwyLlHurtoiW.ll'' f"M id 4.40-11 11 4.50-nr btbfi The new Firestone Aquapruf Urake Lining is moisture-proof Kiting smoother braking action and more positiTe braking control- We test your Brakes FREE. WWW JF naaaaaa nrwrtm BATTERIES A new high iUndard of Power, Dependability Dependa-bility and Long Uf-To Uf-To will test any make of Battery FREE. Fori- f OmrtA Lb, JTft'" la ten '? aiitt Jarge f the Preci I Eric : hear Nm -Wt hh find, lhaj Hi N in I Wot I f SM. r. |