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Show fTTAII ' !' THE LEW SUN. LEIU 50 News Review of Current Events the World Over National Government Under MacDonald Supplants British Laborite Cabinet Gilford Organizes Campaign for Relief in America. By EDWARD W. PICKARD 1 r HEAT B It I T- Stanley Baldwin aln's economic and flnanclal crlHla has resulted to the formation of a national na-tional or coalition ministry which U expected to hold of- K J months and In that s i time to work out of bulanclng the budget. Prime Minis Min-is t e r MacDonald found himself caught between the two fires of the demand by the Conservatives Con-servatives and Liberals for reduction reduc-tion of the dole and the absolute refusal re-fusal of the trades union congress to accept that expedient for the financial relief of the country. Eight members of bla cabinet of Labor Ites resigned, so Mr. MacDonald gave op the struggle and hurried to Kucklnghara palace where he handed hand-ed to King George the resignation of the entire ministry. The king, who had rushed back from Scotland, called Stanley Baldwin, the Conservative Con-servative leader, and Sir Herbert Samuel, acting leader of the Liberals. Lib-erals. Into conference, and It was decided de-cided that a national government should be formed. At the suggestion of Mr. Baldwin. Mr. MacDonald was persuaded to resume his place as prime minister, and a cabinet, small as In war time, was selected, these being the members: mem-bers: . Laborltes Mr. MacDonald, Philip Snowden, J. 11. Thomas, and Lord Sankey. ConservativesStanley Baldwin. Neville Chamberlain, Sir Sumuel Iloare, former chancellor of the ex chequer, and Sir Phillip Cunllffe-Llster. Cunllffe-Llster. Liberals Sir Herbert Samuel and the marquis of Reading, Eight other ministers without cabinet rank were appointed. In a radio address Mr. MacDonald MacDon-ald defended the proposed reduction of the dole. Mr. MacDonald Is denounced In some Labor circles as a traitor, and elsewhere Is being hailed as almost a hero, lie seemingly has sacrificed sacri-ficed his personal ambition and perhaps per-haps bis political future to help bis country out of Its flnanclal distress. The London Dally Herald, chief organ of the Labor party, charges that the fall of the Labor govern uient was dictated by the United States Federal Reserve bank. A condition to the granting of further credits. It says, was a drastic reduction reduc-tion la the dole. This was flatly denied de-nied by Snowden and others. Mlgb ofllclals in Washington said they had not beard that an additional loan had been asked of the federal reserve system by the British government. gov-ernment. It was their belief that the coalition ministry would be able to rescue the nation from Its difficulties. WITH headquarters head-quarters la the great build Ing of the Depart nient of Commerce In W a a b t o g ton. Walter S. Gtf ford, head of the American Tel e-graph e-graph and Telephone Tele-phone company and now director of national relief. Is rapidly getting ready his organization for the strenuous stren-uous work of combating unemployment unemploy-ment and distress throughout the country. His able assistant ts Fred C Croxton, acting chairman of the emergency committee on unemploy nient whlcb has been busy since last fall gathering Information. And the 52 members of the advisory committee com-mittee named by President Hoover representing all sections of the land ar rendering such service as they can. Then, too, there are many capable volunteers, and also hired experts to handle technical matters In connection with the great campaign cam-paign for funds that la planned Plans worked oft by the President Presi-dent and Mr. Glfford call for complete com-plete organization of the entire country for the relief task the na tln must face this winter. All relief re-lief agencies are to be welded Into one system so there will be no duplication of effort, and no section of the country will be neglected Coder the direction of the Wash lngtoo organizations communities which have not yet begun to prepare pre-pare for the winter are expected to make new efforts to obtain funds with which to supply local needs. The President and Mr. Glfford were In agreement that the relief load must be carried by combined state and community effort While the federal government will aid in organizing relief activities and In the drive tur funds, every attempt U to be made to frustrate all at tempts to pass "dole" legislation. Senator Couzcns of Michigan has 1 i' - I 1 i..i.A.,'w-.i W. 8. G Iff or generously offered to donate $1,000,-000 $1,000,-000 to the Jobless of Detroit providing provid-ing $D,0)0,000 can be raised from other oth-er sources. In the effort to avoid winter shortage of food In drought sections sec-tions the American Red Cross Is sending fall garden seed to tens of thousands of rural families. SEVERAL congressmen, speaking on behalf of American shipping Interests, are protesting against the deal made between the federal farm board and the government of Brazil, because the 25.000.000 bushels of wheat wblcbjwtll be traded for cof fee will be transported to Brazil In Brazilian vessels. Chairman Stone of the farm board said nothing could be done about It. as negotla ttons had been closed Represents tlve Frank L. Bowman of West Virginia Vir-ginia declared the action of the board In allowing Brazil to arrange the transportation was a "colossal economic blunder" and In violation of the spirit of the merchant marine ma-rine acL The American Steamship Owners' association sent a protest to President Hoover. Probably, as Mr. Stone says, nothing noth-ing can be done In this Instance, but It Is more than likely that If the board makes sales of wheat or cotton cot-ton to China and other countries, American shipping Interests wtll be protected t i 4 Henry Ford EVERY family man employed by the Ford Motor company at Iron Mountain Mich., will have to cultivate culti-vate a garden next year If he expects to retain his job Such Is the edict of 'Henry Ford, who thus hopes to relieve re-lieve his employees from the effects of the temporary business depression, lie believes other companies throughout the country will take similar measures. He has been studying the problem while on a tour of Inspection and Is convinced there Is no use trying to help men who tJo not try to help themselves by raising vegetables for their families. fam-ilies. "When the people of our country leara to help themselves they will be benefited far greater than they would be by unemployment Insurance, Insur-ance, as Is being suggested In congress." con-gress." Ford said "If our agriculture agricul-ture plans are adopted throughout the country such a thing as the dole system need never be thought of." Family men who have no avail able spare for gardening. Ford said, would be supplied with land by the company, which would provide ex pert advice for those not familiar with garden work. He added that an Investigation would be started soon to determine which of his employees em-ployees needed Instruction. "THERE were Indications that the I campaign In the Southwest to force the price of crude oil up to $1 a barrel would be successful, but the fields of Oklnhoma and east Texas were still kept closed tight by the militia, and those of Kansas were shut by order of the state public pub-lic service commission. Several big otl companies made overtures to Governors Murray and Sterling, but both said the lid would stay clamped down until all the major purchasers met the price of $1 a barrel. Meanwhile the prices paid for oil moved steadily upward In the states named and also In Montana. Mon-tana. Wyoming. Colorado. New Mexico. Mex-ico. Louisiana and Arkansas. California refiners profited by the shortage caused by the shut down, shipping gasoline In large quantities to the east coast. A curtailment program Is In effect there too, and producers are drawing from the storage tanks to supply the eastern markets. rAI by day the flood disaster In central China grows worse. Dispatches describe the terrible conditions In the valley of the Vangtse where all the country ex. cept the hilltops Is under water. Junks sailing unobstructed over hundreds of towns and villages. Uncounted Un-counted thousands of the Inhaolt-ants Inhaolt-ants have drowned and hundreds of thousands of others are starving or dying of pestilence. On every bit of land that Is still unflooded are throngs of refugees without food drink r shelter, and most of them beyond help. The three great cities of Hankow. Wuchang and Hanyang are In desperate state, threatened with complete destruction, destruc-tion, and Anting. Klukiang and other cities are little better off. The tea crop of central China has been utterly ruined MEW TORK city, aroused to A fury by the exploits of Its gangsters which rival or surpass those of Chicago's gunmen, has started on a campaign to rid Itself o those thugs. The police force was told to arrest all known or suspected sus-pected criminals. A great mass meeting was held la Madison Square gurden and the speakers, who Included In-cluded Batnbridge Colby, blamed prohibition and crooked politics for the gung outbreaks. The city administration ad-ministration was bitterly denounced. Mayor Walker coming In for some bard slaps. , TSIDRO AYORA, President of Ecuador since resigned immediately im-mediately after his cabinet quit their posts as the aftermath of a "peaceful revolt" among the officers of the Chlmborazo garrison. Before Be-fore stepping down, Ayora appoint ed Col. Larrea Alba as minister of government and be assumed the Presidential powers In accordance with the constitution. Ayora took refuge In the United States legation In Quito. Art T (L rat 4tfj-i!&.. 8. Vauclaln. Ir PPONENTS of v prohibition are rejoicing In theac-) theac-) qui sit I on of an lm-J lm-J portant recruit to 1 heir ranks. He Is j Samuel , Vauclaln, W'y locomotive builder. one or mose captains cap-tains of Industry Indus-try whose opinions are generally held In high respect. For years Mr. Vauclaln was a strong supporter of the dry law on economic grounds and because It abolished the saloon. But he now declares the speakeasy has nullified the benefits of the law, the attempts at enforcement are failures, and the Eighteenth amendment should be repealed. The national treasury should collect much of the millions now going to the bootleggers, Mr. Vauclaln avers, and he supports, to some degree, Senator Morrow's plan whlcb would restore to each state the power to enact Its own dry laws. Somewhat the same plan was advocated ad-vocated by Senator Robert J. Bulk-ley Bulk-ley of Ohio In an address before a big Democratic rally in Kenton, Ohio, In which be declared the right to control liquor trafiic should be returned to the sovereign states. Outlining a plan for resubmission of the Eighteenth amendment to the states, Bulkley said he hoped such a plan would be placed before constitutional con-stitutional conventions rather than state legislatures. He urged a plank for the Democratic party "which would take prohibition out of national politics once and for all." Incidentally, Senator Bulkley Is still looked upon as a possibility for the Democratic nomination for President "TpnREE hundred A economists, industrialists, in-dustrialists, labor leaders and government gov-ernment ofllclals were present when the world social economic congress began Its sessions In Amsterdam, Hoi land. In the chair vbf'. as presiding officer was C H. Van der Leeuw, an eminent Dutchman who Is president of the International Industrial In-dustrial Relations association. There were delegates from 20 countries. coun-tries. 35 of them representing the United States. The topic for the first sessiou was "The Present Paradox Unemployment Unem-ployment In the Midst of Economic Progress," and. to start with, a five-year five-year world prosperity plan was outlined out-lined by Dr. Louis U Lorwiu of the Brookings Institution tn Washington. Wash-ington. He said that a general five-year five-year moratorium on all war debts and reparations payments was the first necessary step to give the world a breathing spell from what he termed Its most aggravating and dangerous postwar problem. Such a moratorium would leave open final settlement of the debts and reparations repar-ations question, he said, but the presumption would be In favor of further, extending It. and s final cancellation if the effects proved as beneficent as expected. An entire session of the congirss was devoted to hearing first hand reports from the Union of Soviet Socialist Republics concerning the experience of the Russians in economic planning. PROHIBITION DIRECTOR 1 Woodcock, after Investigation or charges, has ordered all dry agents to cease the employment of women In gathering evidence, either as Informers or companions. He says It Is unnecessary, thereby dls-agreeing dls-agreeing with McCflmpbell. the New York enforcer. pOLOXEL AND MRS. LIXTK bergh arrived safely at Kaslral gaura naval base Id Japan, near Tokyo, and proceeded to the capital where they were accented a tre mendous welcome by government and citizenry alike. They planned to remain in Japan about two weeks and to fly from there to China. Aft erwards they may go on to Manila aud It Is thought they are likely t-continue t-continue on around the world How ever, the colonel declared la Tokyi they had no fixed plans. 0 Ull W --rB N.wirr CnlofU , -.l.,i,.....i. H. Van der Leeuw erslMiif tt&KB Ao Eo IF By Gen. John . Eer$MiE dDI "V Mr. , zn ' J V Iamerican divisions in the trffi&h l : REDUCTION OF THE MARNE rlJ ' SALIENT . CHAPTER LI I -Continued. Marshal UuiK gave his views and plans, which agreed with the general gen-eral outline suggested, as did General Gen-eral Petain, who wanted further to consider the possibilities. As far as these preliminary operations applied ap-plied to the Americans, they were simply a restatement of the plans we had been leading up to ever since our entry into the War. I, therefore, advised that details of organization and supply wgre receiving re-ceiving every consideration in the preparation of the American army to do Its part. While at General Foch's headquarters. head-quarters. 1 arranged with General Petain for the expansion of the First corps, then operating in the Mame sector, by which four American Amer-ican divisions were to be placed In the line with two In reserve. It was my hope that this would be the basis for the preliminary formation for-mation of an American army on this front. En route to Chaumont I stopped to call on Liggett and apprise him of the possibility of additional American - divisions for his cofns. Expedition to Russia. The supreme war council was prone to listen to suggestions for the use of allied troops at various places other than the western front. One of these, on which the British seemed to be especially Insistent, In-sistent, was to send troops to help the so-called white army In Russia, to keep open the communication through Murmansk In the Archangel. Arch-angel. I was opposed to any such Idea, as It would simply mean scattering our resources, all of which were needed on the western front. But President Wilson was prevailed upon to help and I was directed to wnd a regiment provided General Foch had no objections. As apparently ap-parently he had already considered the question, he gave his approval and a regiment was accordingly sent. The Three Hundred andThlr-ty-ninth Infantry, Lieut. Col. George E. Stewart commanding, together with one battalion of engineers and one field hospital, were designated for this service. In ''w of the prospect for the earij r sembly of corps and divisions divi-sions io form our army, It became urgent that the organization be fastened with all possible speed, fhe outlines had been determined aud members of the First army staff were at work on the details. My formal order creating the First field army was Issued July 24. to take effect August 10. with headquarters at La Ferte-sous-Jouarre. Immediate consideration was given the Improvement of the general gen-eral supply system. Although the recent reorganization had helped. It had been my purpose for some time to make changes In personnel In the S. O. S.. particularly in the position of chief, which demanded great administrative anility. After much thought the choice fell to General Uarbord CHAPTER LIU Early In August. 1918. I mrto n Inspection tour of the service of supply, to note the progress and acquaint myself, the chief of staff and General Harbord by actual snsprvations. witn conditions. The tour was made also with a view to such changes In personnel and Improvements In methods as would Insure the complete fulfill meut of the Increased obligation" IrilMised npon the service of up Ply by the tremendous task of re celvlne. storing and transporting he enlarged troop and suppw shln-ents. shln-ents. Our first stop was Tours, which being the location of the headquarters headquar-ters of the S. O. S, with a boee anierican military garrison of 2,400 officers and 4.SC0 men, had become a beehive of activity. We visited every activity at Tours, becinnir.g with the central records off ce. a branch of th ad iutant general s office of large proportions, pro-portions, where the personal records rec-ords of every man In the A F F ere kept We found that "the railway eiersrors. numbering thousands, thou-sands, comfortably situated tn portable barracks at Can de Grasse, were putting every energy Into the service. Certain engineer troops were kept at this central point for railway work, ready to respond to calls from any direction. direc-tion. The well-managed camp of German prisoners, under Colonel Groome of the military police, contained con-tained several hundred men used as laborers. A number of British women, known as the Women's Auxiliary Aid corps, were lent to us by their government to assist In clerical work. The 250 women located at Tours occupied neat and comfortable comfort-able temporary barracks and presented pre-sented a very military appearance on parade. Some fifty of them were 111 In quarters at the time and I gave Instructions that they should be transferred to our hospital. hos-pital. Besides officially, these fine women, under the proper restrictions restric-tions that prevailed, became a valued val-ued addition to the social side of life where they were stationed. This force with ns eventually numbered num-bered about 5.000. Speaks to Men in Hospital. The base hospital at Tours was then filled with men wounded In the recent engagements. They were receiving the best of care under un-der Col. A. M. Smith and his effi cient group of medical officers and nurses. Passing through the various wards of this hospital I spoke to a fine-looking young soldier who was sitting up in bed, and asked him where he was wounded, meaning to Inquire the nature of his wound. In reply he said: "Do you remember, remem-ber, sir. Jnst where the road skirts a small grove and turns to the left across a wheat field and then leads up over the brow of the hill? Well, right there, sir." He was clearly describing the advance south of Solssons which pierced the Chateau-Thierry salient. sali-ent. Of course, I was not there at the time, but It touched me that he should feel that I must have been very close to him. At the base hospital In Bordeaux, then under the efficient supervision of CoL H. A. Shaw, chief surgeon of the base section, we found about 500 of onr wounded, most of them soon to be sent home. No matter how severely wounded they were I never heard a word of complaint from any of our men. There conld not have been found in the hospitals hos-pitals of any army a more cheerful lot It was a lesson In fortitude, an Inspiration, to see their fine course. We arrived at Brest August 2 and found the commanding general, gener-al, G. H. Harries, and staff at the station to meet us. Base section No. 5 was built around Brest our . I ' V-v ft?'-' 1 4 a, Servinjj Field tiun leading port of debarkation. The iection Included four French territorial ter-ritorial departments. Another landing land-ing port for troops was Cherbourg A large locomotive terminal and repair sl,.,p were loeated at Raines and a coal port at Granville. Major O'Neil't Secret Alter an Inspection of the store- for ad.linonal storage on the piers. I asked for the chief stevedore: Ma tTN-n who came up Parratlj quite emha missed To put him at ease I took him by the mi and w waited together to where some lighters were being unloaded. As the port had made the record of handling 42,000 ar riving troops and their baggage In one day. May 24, entirely with lighters, I asked him to tell me about it By this time he had overcome his fright, and pointing to two officers, each down in the bottom of a lighter directing the work, he said: "Sir, do you see those two cap tains down there In their shirt sleeves? Well, that's the secret I say to them: 'Don't stand off somewhere and puff yourselves up In your uniforms, but take off Sam Brownes and your coats and get down close to your men.' . "Of course, those captains have now become experts. I did the same thing when I started but since they are trained I manage things generally and they carry out my orders. I can wear my uniform uni-form now that I have won the right to wear it." "Well," 1 said, "O'Neil, you're Just the man I have been looking for, and I am going to send you to every port we use to show them your secret" CHAPTER LIV The French government had expressed ex-pressed a desire to bestow their decorations on American officers and men, and asked if I would accept ac-cept an appointment In the Legion of Honor with the grade of grand officer. - As congress had recently granted grant-ed permission for members of our forces to receive foreign decorations, decora-tions, the French government was advised accordingly, and it was to confer this honor upon me that President Poincare paid his first brief visit to Chaumont, August 6, 1918. I met him at the station with a military escort and conducted him to my headquarters, where the senior officers of the staff were presented After that formality we repaired to the small area of barracks, where the headquarters troop and band were drawn up Id line for the ceremony. Meanwhile, the entire headquarters headquar-ters personnel, several hundred men and women, had turned out to witness the proceedings. Both national na-tional airs were played and the troops were presented to the President Pres-ident after which he addressed me briefly in perfect English and pinned on the decoration. "I am specially pleased," he said, "at this opportunity to thank General Pershing and the brave army under his orders for the very gallant work they did during the last weeks on the field of battle." I replied thanking him for the honor, and saying: "I value this decoration as a mark of recognition by France of the services of the American army and of friendship for the American people." Kissing Causes Embarrassment. Then, according to the French custom. President Poincare kissed me on both cheeks, but not without with-out some difficulty, as he was not so tall as L and It was necessary for him to rise on tiptoe and for me to lean somewhat forward. I was not insensible to the hrjh personal honor, but regarded it mainly as an appreciation on the fart of the French government of 'he assistance America had already al-ready given to the cause. Without Implying the slightest eriticism of the form of salutation used in the ceremony, I cannot refrain re-frain from confessing my embarrassment embar-rassment especially as I conld bear a hushed laughter from the Irreverent Americans In the area who witnessed my situation, no doubt with sympathy. 1 thought that M Poincare hln se'f was probably quite as much embarrassed as I was. Moreover, he must have hpard the suppressed mirth as plain as L As" the American army was now an accomplished fact It seemed ad-visahle ad-visahle to begin preparations Immediately Im-mediately to carry out the plan of campaign adopted July 24, provid-Ina provid-Ina for a distinctive American operation op-eration against the St Mihiel salient I motored to f och the chanrtf iN ""ionization of tk,r' Vesle,l,utt. the First Vr'r St- Mlhlel re K'u immediate DtT:i the proposed ofrP ?N ed.tbe.oS; .? "uu wimout hesit.." ; I Foch acqutescedAj Returning ""Serf ernoon I went to p the matter cm j eral Petain. available divi Wll iel operation, Jj TIL" nlshwhateverweXi "avmg thus reaehk 1 understanding rZ2 '! binary detail, ?Jt drove the following Ferte-sous-Jouarre tow, command of theRrst, give instruction to J garding the mnj?l quarters to Neufchatsai 1 Bell'a ntul.i.. i. . I "un Was still with combined the ----- ...un. m m ourth and the Fw armies in the Mw juu wuo iu iront Um with the British Fourth in Was Bttnrhorl tn ft. t f . v xuz Dr.. corps for the operatic Hundred and Thirty-first vi imaniry Detng assign ' British Fifty-eighth ditife regiment Joined In the it- susi against tu Mora Uilpliiy spur north at the It reached its objectives ts did fashion and oerapWit the western edge of fc wood, extending goute; the river. , AUgUSI IU, It in Grde, Lr Genet I ;Bb res, ' I two "ien auty "c L rrogs H two me m hl hit 0PP fes, colon t veaexuel: Lt to ov f etiesula-L etiesula-L is over Mf lucreci. Id ammu fens nnd je the com it, la jfcer- Pol' cm the K j, ti Dulci and feel I to him- Gard jai shore, ho introt t, captain inder Bo itti De I cnahan in Caraca br Mona of the I revolutl i goes t ps( weddii r.ei U In It! Mm ai the alt Irde's ar fake mi jSie tells foentes 1 01 uaro I kPTER if -4 though gress against decided p gaining the eastern edge ef : esis or r osse ana Hirem 'j the following three days, fcj Tnnnrl hovlncr hoon eh'ihaH ri Hundred and Thirty-first id nnder the Australian For' sion attained a line Jut ' Bray-sur-Somme, The tins! regiments were iu ratre: tne operations. rneiraeEj ana lnircy-nrsi inismrj lleved August 20, having trt Aval, throa mMaa Anil rl heavy casualties. j I motored to the Brit!! Sunday to be present it third division headquarter,! Molliens-aux-Bois, on the ; of the visit of King Cea was then visiting his intej eral Bliss had preceded as s both spent the night theft evening General Bell, reistii details of the partlclpatloa troops with the British, : hud heen nreentlj ed and that they had m meiiiseivrs nu i King George Bestows Oeerf l lie iws i present decorations to sj men of the Tnirty-m i who had participated In th -i, tlm Rrltish aw iuiuina v -" tj after his arrival the uin General Bliss and me ; where he presented J Grand Cross of the 0 T...I. hoetntreri we ot Michne and L General Bliss. The - were lniormm. - - iu Hoenrntlonl nanneu i . turn, at the same tl his appreciauou m -- s'stanre. . , tt. We tnen blf - men. and the recipient f tremely proud. r -. as soon as the W t left with Boyd for ' Halg's advance ne ?L i S'the relief of lean divisions then it j Ish armies. , to m Marshal Halg if ' derstood that the , visions .had been trained and to serve j front and that w. had become usefd.lt y j to withdraw them-ne them-ne said, that ttjjj remain, and was J ant his desire, predated and that I necessity which i IBPJ r ment. but In a t . agreement I ""SJ-them, ""SJ-them, 8(.K" Mtitt f position -r withdrawal. j frank, straignu-" , have them; there . Mrvelona J'.P'"!j h.tn! lion can?" i been In an nltt naies ,,, heavy b-t In -' ,K. fnriHted tiger i 6;- shoulder f " T,)( any r "' ... .hroa ' . nve, n. bite ta jtt bone of n " the iw"- the Se my d( 'would k I taugl it joy, ft Iliad lost jja, Your soldier t ef Ne' ijoa Jest know even m I come h I tor yon tedly; j j goes " laiUfil fund I 1 I the hes f-fervei I for the fmenwh jer, sole he mv their ' wei life, his A has rojie Wha a |