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Show THE LEHI SUN, LE1II. UTAH News Review of Current Events the World Over The United States Joins Great Britain and France in Recognizing the New Spanish Republic-Hoover Republic-Hoover Upsets Coolidge Precedent. By EDWARD W. PICKARD fcmiMMir n TI im the I - VV ed Sta Great Brlti President Zamora nn the Unit- a tea, a Id, France, and several sev-eral smaller republics repub-lics of the world according the new new government at Mudrld, headed by Niceto Alcala Zamora, Za-mora, formal recognition, rec-ognition, Spain's republican re-publican existence has come promptly Into being. The recognition of the Spanish re public by the British government served to clear the way for similar action by the United States. Secretary of State Uenry L. Stlmson Instructed the American ambassador to Spain to advise the republican government of the action ac-tion taken by Washington. Recognition by the United States was said to have been hastened by the consideration, urged by I'resl-dcnt I'resl-dcnt Zamora, that a general recognition rec-ognition of the new government by the great powers will tend to strengthen it at home and enable it to maintain order. Although Awbassadur Irwin B. 'Laugbllu Is to continue at Madrid for the time being, big permanent retention there will depend upon bis acceptability to the republican government There have been reports re-ports thut the ambassador, who Is a Pittsburgh steel millionaire, has publicly expressed a low opinion of the republicans forming the new government Tranquillity appears to prevail practically everywhere In Spain, although al-though banks are under guard and a mob liberation of prisoners has occurred at Barcelona. Catalonia Is to remain part of the Spanish republic until the provincial parliament parlia-ment decides, on some future form of government. The provisional government announced an-nounced it would recognize all debts of the monarchy. This resulted re-sulted In strengthening of stocks and securities on the exchange. TUB federal farm board during the week announced Its decision to offer for sole on the European market as rapidly as possible the huge-surplus of wheat acquired nn-der nn-der the wheat stabilization operations opera-tions of 19150-31. It has been estimated esti-mated the surplus of such wheat controlled by the board will be approximately ap-proximately 275,000,000 bushels by July 1, next The board Is of the opinion that such sales can be made without depressing de-pressing domestic" wheat prices. The government purchases were made at an average price of about 02 cents a bushel, and the estimate lias been made that the board might suffer a toss as high as 50 per cent in sales on this wheat if made In Europe nt the present time. Advice to farmers to store their grain on the farm is extended. It will cost about one-third of the regular currying charges, If the wheat Is stored on the farm itself. The attempted solution of the problem prob-lem so fur as the board has worked It out appears to be that the board is going to try to unload its Bur-plus Bur-plus when and where It can, so far as it can without bringing about too great a stump In the market. The farmer 19 then to be asked to help carry the load of the coming com-ing crop and the board will offer him a tentative promise of aid through co-operatives, suggesting an additional incentive to the farmer to Join a co-operative. James S. Stone, chairman of the board, announced that the government govern-ment had sold 7,000,000 bushels of wheat abroad recently at a figure above the world price decrease of superior product THE message of Secretary of States Stlmson warning Americans to get out of the interior of bandit-infested bandit-infested Nicaragua was sent to the American legation at Managua and to the American consul con-sul at Bluefields. The message, drafted by Secretary Secre-tary Stimson after he had talked to President Hoover was as follows: "In view of outbreak of banditry In portions of Nicaragua hitherto free from such violence you will advise American citizens that this government cannot undertake general gen-eral protection of Americans throughout that country with American Amer-ican forces. To do so would lead to difficulties and commitments which this government does not propose to undertake. Therefore, the department recommends tn all Americans who do not feel secure nder the protection afforded them by the Nicaraguan government through the Nicaraguan National Cuard to withdraw from the country, coun-try, or at least to the coast towns whence tbey can be protected or evacuated in case of necessity. Those who remain do so at their own risk and mu.t not espect American forces to be sent Inland to their aid." Six years ago Calvin Coolidge, then President, affirmed In an address ad-dress In New York what he caned the "distinct and binding obligation on the part of self respecting goT- Secretary Stimson ernments to afford protection to the persons and property of their citizens, citi-zens, wherever they may be." - ' This American doctrine Stimson now amends. American protection, by the new policy, follows American Ameri-can citizens ashore, but not to the Interior of rebel-Infested Nicaragua. HIGHLY Interesting at this time is the announcement that the Soviet government has decided to adopt a new wage system, known as the Khozraschiot," which apparently ap-parently changes the government's policy and amplifies the inauguration inaugura-tion of piece work. It is to go Into effect at once. The wages of workers, according to Soviet authorities, will not be based on the communistic theory of equal division, but on the capitalistic Idea of rewarding individual efforts in skill and ability. The word Kbozraschlot literally means "economic accounting.". It Is Interpreted In the decree to mean that each factory, plant, collective farm, mine, railroad and such henceforth must take the responsibility respon-sibility of fulfilling contracts and adjudging wages without Interference Interfer-ence from trade unions. Although certain elements among the disciples of Lenin view the Innovation In-novation regretfully as a compromise compro-mise with capltnlism, the government govern-ment hopes the system will speed up production. Leaders affect to see the Khozraschlot os tending to eliminate waste and fix responsibility responsi-bility for managers and workers. Roger W, Babson HIGH place in the list of en couraging torn-ments torn-ments on the business busi-ness situation is accorded that of Roger W. Babson, the trade prophet, who told President Hoover that better bet-ter times are ; on the wny. Business, he said, has turned the corner and now is definitely on the upgrade. In almost every line of Industry there are some concerns con-cerns which, in March, showed an Increase in earnings over February. What Is more important, they showed an increase for this March over March of last year." Certain of the railroads also have turned the corner," he said, Mr. Babson has earned the right to be listened to when he ventures upon the thin Ice of economic prognostication. prog-nostication. Statistics being his dally diet, he asks the country to observe the statistics of car-loadings. These are steadily increasing. increas-ing. They have always been of barometrical significance. When freight Is moving factories are working and shipping, merchants are buying and customers are consuming. con-suming. In every key industry statistics sta-tistics show that one or two big firms have turned the corner, promising prom-ising that smaller fry, too, are headed out of the red. The Department Depart-ment of Commerce makes the gratifying grati-fying disclosure that our foreign trade last month for the first time in a considerable period evinced an unmistakable upgrade. If the American people turn their gaze from the "big board" in Wall Street to the bigger opportunities oppor-tunities which await them In constructive con-structive directions of every sort, the upturn foreseen by Mr. Babson will come all the sooner and all the surer. D ECOGNITION IV of f Secretary Doak the impera tive necessity of solving the problem of unemployment is seen in the complete com-plete reorganization reorganiza-tion of the United States employment service, with 4S state employment bureaus and one in the District of Columbia and seven sev-en special central divisions estab lished to deal with the problems of varlons trades, announced an-nounced by William N. Doak, secretary sec-retary of labor. John It Alpine of New York will head the new set-up, which has SSOO.000 of appropriations available for Its work. Francis L Jones Is to continue as director general, with supervision also over the special spe-cial mining and quarrying trades division. The Veterans' placement service will be maintained, nationwide nation-wide In Its scope, and the farm employment em-ployment service will be expanded. The United States employment service has decided.' Secretary Doak's announcement said, "to open up at least one employment bureau In each of the states and the Dis-trice Dis-trice of Columbia to co-operate with state and local authorities. "A co-ordinated service throughout through-out the entire country will undertake under-take in the broadest sense to take care of Interstate labor placements la co-operation with employers and employees, giving employers a ready field from which to draw all needed labor necessary to carry forward for-ward any kind of work." TUC11 to the surprise of flnan-clal flnan-clal circles, stockholders of the United States Steel corporation adopted a proposed pension plan under which James A. Farreil, pres ident, and for several years a lending lend-ing figure In the steel Industry, would automatically retire on reaching the age of seventy, or in Mr. Farreil was a leader of those In favor of the new plan, pointing out that the old one had been unsatisfactory., un-satisfactory., There are others in the great United States Steel corporation who will retire If the plan is adopted. adopt-ed. It provides sixty-five for voluntary vol-untary retirement, and seventy for compulsory. ' ' In this class soon would fall E. J. BuCegton, president of Illinois Stet Joshua A. Hatfield, president presi-dent of American Bridge; Ward B. Perley, president of Canadian Steel ; J. S. Keefe, president of American Steel & Wire, and E. W. Pargny, president of American Sheet & Tin Plate. All these are subsidiaries. The retirements would fall between 1933 and 1935. It was pointed out that Mr. Gary as chairman of the board of directors direc-tors worked at his steel until he died ten years later than the proposed pro-posed retirement plan would require. re-quire. It may be that some other plan will affect Mr. Farreil that he, too, may carry on but the pension plan says seventy. & ft I :"-'A WITH v ease Ramsay MacDonald more ease than he himself expected Itamsay MacDonald MacDon-ald comes safely through the tempest temp-est of a serious parliamentary setback. set-back. Stanley Baldwin's motion of censure, an opeu and heralded effort to drive the Mac-Donald Mac-Donald government out of ofTice, was defeated by a ma- ' Jority of 54 votes. Lloyd George, whose Liberal following fol-lowing holds the balance of power in the house of commons, turned the tide to MacDonald when he denounced de-nounced the Conservative . motion as unfair. Of 58 Liberal votes, MacDonald received 35, the Conservatives Con-servatives only 10, the remainder not voting or absent. Quite evidently Great Britain is in no mood to fall victim to political polit-ical spellbinding. It . knows that none of the political leaders possesses pos-sesses a magic wand that can charm away the disastrous consequences conse-quences of the war. The nation must climb a long and weary trail, and it Is prepared to do so. Doubtless the Indian situation, which has been one of the chief causes for the depression in the British textile industry because of the Indian boycott on British goods, was an important consideration with the Liberals In supporting MacDonald. BELIEF that the 1 revolution in Honduras is related relat-ed with operations of the Insurgents under Augustino Sandino in Nicaragua Nica-ragua has trained ground among ob- iU,;1 nriTcia Ui primal ''vv'' American politics, i v It is pointed out thnt Gen. Gregorio Ferrera, head of the revolutionary Fausto movement in Hon- Davila duras, Is openly opposed to United States intervention interven-tion activities, sharing Sandino's views In this regard. Ferrera was In Mexico a year ago. He Is of Indian blood and has a large following among the laborers on the large United States banana plantations of the north coast of Honduras. Dr. Jesus Castro, nonduran charge d'affaires at Mexico City, who recently returned from a visit to Tegucigalpa, said President Mejia Colindres' refusal to admit Ff-rrera Into his cabinet was the probable cause of the revolution. He Is confident It will fall, as the President has an influential backing back-ing and a well-trained army. Dr. Vicente Mejia Colindres was named President of Honduras In the last election and was Inaugurated Inaug-urated on February 3, W.. Municipal Mu-nicipal elections last December gave the Liberal party a majority. Julius G. Lay, United States minister min-ister in Honduras, reported to the State department that, in his opinion, opin-ion, the revolt would soon "fizzle out" ne said no military or political polit-ical figures of consequence appear to be connected with it Fausto Davila Is the premier and foreign minister of Honduras, and Is considered by South American diplomats at Washington as well able to deal with the situation. A STATEMENT setting out the attitude of Newton D. F,aker of Cleveland, former secretary of war, toward talk of his candidacy for the Democratic nomination for the Presidency Is accepted by politicians poli-ticians as clearing the atmosphere." Issued by W. B. Congwer, an Ohio Democratic leader, after a conference with Mr. Baker, the statement indicated that the ex-secretary ex-secretary will not do anything to obtain the nomination, but he will not refuse It should it come to him If the Democratic national convention conven-tion Is unable to agree on any of the active candidates. During the scramble for delegates dele-gates to the convention Mr. Baker will not use his Influence in behalf of any particular candidate. The statement also said: The many kind things said about Newton New-ton D. Baker as a possible Democratic Demo-cratic candidate for the Presidency are certainly gratifying to Mr. Baker's fri?nds and naturally to him. In my conversations with Mr. Baker he has shown very great Interest In the party's platform, but no Interest In possible candidates, candi-dates, and I do not believe he has changed his former Judgment on the subject This has always been that he had no desire for further political preferment of any kind." ( V. 15JL Wcsterm XewsptMr tnlea.t A Porto Rican Field Laborer and His Humble Thatched Hut (Prepared by the National Geo(?rphlo Society. Washington. D. C.) POItTO KICO'S problems prob-iems prob-iems that have flowed strangely strange-ly enough In large part from Improved sanitation and health and the consequent rapid Increase in population have come more, plainly plain-ly into view of the Ameiiacn people peo-ple as a result of President Hoover's Hoo-ver's trip to the island. The area of Porto Rico is only once and a half that of Delaware, but Into Its 3,435 square miles are crowded more than a million and a half people-nearly people-nearly seven times the population of Delaware. This gives the island a population density of approximately approxi-mately 450 to the square mile. With more laborers than there Is work to, be done, unemployment Is a perennial evil, and a job Is like an heirloom to be handed down from generation to generation whenever when-ever possible. Usually the plantation laborer and bis entire fatnUy go barefoot because there are no funds with which to buy shoes. The young boys In the rural districts com-commonly com-commonly run about with less than the proverbial fig leaf to clothe them and suffer not at all, thanks to the glorious climate. Food, perforce, is both simple and scarce. Rice and beans with a little bit of salt cod, appear on the table when the wage earners are employed em-ployed ; but these are important and cost money, so they disappear when the Job ends. Then bananas, sweet potatoes, and native vegetables raised on their small patches of ground nuTSt tide the families over until another period of employment begins. The United States Department of Agriculture Is trying to induce the natives to raise Belgian hares. The rapidity with which these animals breed, the quickness with which they attain maturity, and the ease with which their food require ments are met in tropical environment environ-ment make them poor man's cattle cat-tle par excellence. Hare raising would solve the jiharo's meat problem prob-lem as perhaps no other Industry could. If one examines the census re-turns, re-turns, the conclusion will likely be drawn that Porto Rico has a "high percentage of home growers; but a very large proportion of these homes are merely thatched shacks, costing perhaps $25 each. Plantation owners are glad to have natives build the shacks on their estates, as a constant supply of cheap labor is thus provided. There are few mortgages, as such buildings are not worth mortgag ing. The thatch, made of rough grass or palm leaves. Is sometimes used for side walls as well as the roof, though more frequently the walls are made of royal-palm bark. Flattened Flat-tened tin cans and discarded corrugated corru-gated metal sheets are also utilized. Homemade Utensils. Dishes and utensils are largely homemade. Gourds and discarded tin cans are substituted for the pots and pans of continental kitchens. kitch-ens. Hammocks and tloor pallets take the place of beds and chairs. The rural, laboring native is known as "Jibaro," which literallv means "escape from civilization." Good nntured, reconciled to a hard lot and a precarious existence, a mixture of Indian and Spanish, he combines the carefree Ideals of the redskin and the Impetuous temperament temper-ament of the Spaniard. The Jibaro inherits his name from the distant past After Co lumbus discovered the Island and Ponce de Leon awakenei It, a gold fever brought many adventurers, who Impressed the Indians Into service. Those natives who could escape fled to the Interior, away from their stave-drlvlng masters. Some of the pioneering Spaniards made homes for themselves with native women, by whom they had numerous children. These all too often were turned adrift Furthermore, In the past Spain sent to the Island many petty offenders, of-fenders, who sooner or later were released to wander inland from the civilization that fringed the coast Out of diverse types and races has been bred the Jibaro. One of the potent factors In the development of Porto Rico has been the constabulary system under American supervision. The police force, which under the Spanish regime consisted f than 300 officers and men. when the bland was formally taken over bv the United States, was replaced by military police under the com Band of Gen. John It. Brooke In 1S00 the present insular police of Porto Rico was organized with a force of eij officers and loo guardsmen. This was almost Im mediately Increased to 16 offlceri and 350 guardsmen, with an office! of the United States army as in spector. Their work was confined to rural districts and towns of less than 6,000 inhabitants, with the municipal police guarding the larger cities. . Efficient Police. In J902 a law was enacted which Intrusted the protection of the entire en-tire island to this organization. Seven police districts were established, estab-lished, each commanded by a captain, cap-tain, a lieutenant, and as many warrant war-rant officers as the chief might find necessary. The he'adquarters of the chief are at San Juan. It Is said that no state in the Union has a force that does the entire en-tire policing of the commonwealth cities and rural districts alike and Porto Rico has for the protection protec-tion of her population of 1,544,000 less than 800 policemen, distributed over 75 districts. When one takes Into consideration considera-tion the mountainous character of the Island, unsettled labor conditions, condi-tions, the prohibition enforcement obligations, increasing traffic, and trebled property values, it Is little wonder that these efficient men have earned an enviable place in the history of the island. In 1921 retirement re-tirement with pay was provided for members of the force who had served for 25 years and for those who had reached a given age, varying vary-ing from fifty years for the lowest low-est ranking officer to sixty years for the highest Recently there has been Inaugurated Inaugu-rated an educational campaign for the constabulary. Instruction is given in English, mathematics, geography ge-ography and history, with a record of nearly a 100 per cent voluntary attendance. The professional mendicants of the island are a persistent hand. With any sort of shack sufficing for shelter, with native fruits and vegetables available for food, with a very tolerant law and no suffering suffer-ing from the rigors of climate, the beggar has little to worry about Saturday is beggars' day, and stores, offices and individuals lay In supplies of pennies. In the larger stnblishments a clerk Is stationed sta-tioned near the door, and as the mendicants slip in he nonchalantly pushes several pennies to each. The coins are usually accepted without thanks and as a Just due. The community com-munity thinks it cheaper to Issue these small doles than to pay taxes for charitable institutions. Liberal With Beggars. Salesmen going their rounds usually usu-ally carry a pocketful of pennies, as they make a better Impression on customers if they are liberal with beggars. As In most tropical countries, the hyperbole is a tremendously overworked over-worked figure of speech. Admire a native horse, his saddle, his gun, his dog, his house, and he'll tell you in the most convincing tones that it is yours. Cut It is yours only after a manner of speaking. Ask him why his people talk In such prodigal fashion and he will reply, "It is the custom." and custom Is law to them." Betting on horse races Is almost a passion. Every bettor contributes contrib-utes to a pool and the person who picks the winner takes the money In this way a dollar stands a chance of winning a thonsand or more. At dances the ladies of the aristocracy aris-tocracy with their mantillas caught with a rose, their splendid tortofse-shell tortofse-shell combs, and their inlaid carved, and sometimes Jeweled fans of silk or feathers to enhance en-hance their natural beautv, and the men. with their velvet or alpaca coats, white trousers, and multi-nued multi-nued silk sashes, make a picture one can never forget The average market place on Sun-day Sun-day is a riot of color and a beehive bee-hive of animation. Afoot and on donkey-back, the peasant folk throng the roads, bringine flowers, vegetables and fruits on their Beads and in panniers slung on burros bur-ros or hauled In oxcarts. The rural and village people have very simple amusements. Th baptism of an infant ls the occa sion of a feast or a dance. From Christmas to Three Klncs'day Jan nary 6. a succession of fiestas takes place. A pig roast, resembling the amiliar barbecue of our southern states. Is one of the culminatln-events culminatln-events of the native calendar On the eve of Three Kings' dav commemorating the bringin or gifts to the new born babe of Bethlehem, Beth-lehem, the children put bnadJ if p-ass under their hL. ?r house, so that the the kings will tm . T "r Name of Great Lakes Both Indian and French Gannett's "Origin of Place Names in the United States" says that opinions differ as to the origin of the name Huron. According to some It Is a corruption of "nure" given a tribe of Indians by the French. It means "the head of a wild boar." It Is believed by some that It Is from the Indian words "onkwe honwe," meaning "true man." Still others believe it Is a corruption by French from the Indian "Irri ronon," mean-inr mean-inr "cut tribe." Erie Is from "Edge." or "Erike," the name of a now ex-ttnet ex-ttnet Indian tribe. The word signi fies "cat" orwlldcaf Some author ities believe the word means "mad." Ontario in the Indian word mean ing beautiful lake or "beautiful pros pect of rocks, hills and water." Michigan ls an Indian word said by some to mean "big lake" and by others "place for catching fish." Su-nerlor Su-nerlor is a translation of the orig inal French name, "Lac Superieur aux Ontaouacs," meaning "the upper lake of the Ottawas." YOUf M There rhoddVl INDIGESTION GOES QUICKLY, PLEASANTLY When you 'suffer from heartburn, gas or indigestion, it's usually too much acid in your stomach. The quickest way to stop your trouble is with Phillips' Milk of Magnesia. A spoonful in water neutralizes many times its volume in stomach acids Instantly. The symptoms disappear In five minutes. v ' Try Phillips' Milk of Magnesia, and you will never allow yourself to suffer from over-acidtty again. It Is the standard anti-acid with doctors. Tour drugstore has Phillips' Milk of Magnesia, with directions for use, In generous 25c and 50c bottles. Holland's Changed Condition In the past 50 years a great change has taken place in Holland with respect to its agricultural status. - Formerly it was an impur-ter impur-ter of dairy products, but a little more than a generation . ago the farmers of that country became interested in-terested In modern machinery, the use of which became popular at once and the entire situation was changed so that at the present time the country coun-try takes, care of Its own consumption consump-tion and in addition a great deal of this material is shipped abroad. Dr. Pierce's Pleasant Pellets are the original orig-inal little liver pills put up 60 years ago. They regulate liver and bowels. Adv. Temple on Tempi Below the great temple which Nebuchadnezzar Ne-buchadnezzar built at Kish, the 12-foot 12-foot thick walls of another huge temple tem-ple have been discovered. Kish, said to be the oldest city In the world, Is in Irak, eight miles east of Babylon, and the Oxford University-Field museum's expedition has been working work-ing on the site for several seasons. Sir Charles Marston stated that the mouth of a huge temple had been cleared, which was underneath the No Need to Worry She Oh, George, the baby has .wallowed the matches. Whatever shall I do? ;. Husband Use my cigarette lighter. light-er. Stray Stories. Bragging Days and Restless Nights Lack of pep is frequently caused by clogged-up systems. Feen-a-mlnt is thorough, denendable vet irentla in action. Effective in smaller doses because you chew It. Modern. scientific, safe, non-habit-forming. a )ecxnt ninti, Jr"fl h baby'. htJth : mowa take symptom Blank. Piiili s ittoDr.Pierce-,3 hair ioft and fluffy rn'S giflta. Hacox Cbemiai Salt Lai; ijiTi Bis HOTEL TEMPI! SQUARE 200 Rooms 2001 Radio connection a rr. RATES FROM Jmt oppotitt ilmmTiati ERNEST C. ROSSITEi W. N. U., Salt Lake City, Nt great Neo-Babylon probably the temple oi tl must have been a minis:! Nebuchadnezzar was fcaj Little Use for Gold Tf act of - congress fill, fi-ll, 1930, the $2.50 gold discontinued. The coin r rinued because it wasnoffe circulation or commercial ;: It was used mainly as t$. the Christmas season, Mi-ary Mi-ary these coins were agata-to' agata-to' the vaults of the tab Knew What She Wa. She You know, Jim, tfc" thing about you that I Inra . Jim Of course, dear-a spent it all. Stray Storis Added Precautiot "The neighbors' piano is : Shut the door." "It ls shut" "Then turn the key'-ft' (Tverdon). Without Ht aniewCxiermtnateK IVoaH Kill Wwsfoc, Doga,Cais,oreveaWh K-R-Ocan be used about the try yard with absolute sa f " i deadly poison. K-R-0 is ;2sj mended by U.S. DjPtrfAf j nnderthe Connable P6" toium strength. Used by PL A rat-killing .arnpaigns. fr?-.-Insistupon K-R-O.theor! M tor.AU dreists,75c.lVi cannot ouppir KK " FOR CONSTIPATION Laws Didn't Count Cop "gay, there, move on ; you can t stop here Motorist "I can't, eh? Say, officer, you dont know this car." Elephantdown I can fool my wife-Horsefeathers-Then i trot Tipr? " f """niHnnnimmiiiiiiiiuitHiiiiiiiiMiiiiiiiHiiiHHiHHiHiii''1111 Obligation 1b - J It is not a PW" oblige ungrateful pe J nnsupportahle one to v obligation to a Rochefoucauld. LeadbeQ""". w MS 111 j l&RfCSSfWMil i I Id hi H-vtnl H i Cnticnra la far (be Toilet and JN It is cooling and it is "f and delicately meeated Talcum is ideal for crf toilet, and for Fatherafcr; i- UHU ue camels of l" ' m m Try tk t-""" 3 ,77, mil her . tiS ' ?top at ,bplr h("De3 'rnimnuaa.unauiiiii.uiifHimniiiiiiTiiiiiiiiinuiiHiu"" ' ineir makers are d!sfrihf!. - "MUlUlg gifts. si f i 1st Is i la la M "m |