OCR Text |
Show " THE LEIII SUN. U Hi, UTAI, ;ss ACID KENS-GET I RID OF IT! n. eas, ns- L rces Id. uo . over-Btimum.- ' Aba I ith .aithi ill uw - excess ."-- il " , Is Phillips t instantly. k art BIUi 'form 01 """ . Tour cb become " t cAbwdache, f ." ... mnlshi Bwccw bI110USU" WW"! nishedl la tbe f jBtt of Mai , efficient war to effect of over- acidity. has Deeu over 60 JJind 50c bottles at drug- n Jon f Itah I have had quite , lot of throat and bronchial trouble, would have spells of bronchitis, some of which were very severe. I would be left with a cough and would choke up . ...i. rw Pierces m i-r.nv Medical Li5fcuv - ---id me of this trouble, I have 5 a spell of bronchitis since medicine. I have also ad-U ad-U to lakeland they, too, L greatly helped."Mrs. J. 1 1071 Sulven Ave. Dealers. Ch Facnlty Dr. Mere' Oicuw w Jut neon roof sign j BuKon or nop-" W.M&Ksa- J HOTEL INewhouse , .11 LAKE CITY, UTAH I of Salt Lake City' finest li,where guests find every afort with a warm hospi-My, hospi-My, Garage in connection, i and cafeteria. Room. Each with Bath I $2.00 to f 1.00 , V. E. SUTTON, Manager Have you practical Idea that selopins? ideai ot merit conmer-90 conmer-90 a percentat basia. 8. B. -IS National Bld.,Terre Hauta.tnd. ?, Salt Lak City, No. 17-1831. S5UST FLOWER f almost instant relief from colic pains. Banishes heart-.ausea, heart-.ausea, sick headache, bilious-Pggish bilious-Pggish liver, constipation. S restores good appetite and ft digestion, and regular, lm thorough elimination. I GUARANTEED. ,PEPSIA Ut all food Istora. Quickly! f W boves WKL system I Sn-Skggisb- 4 fewepsin clear injSf29dl,rerenceit "WILLS IP PfDCllit laxative cl A DHU UUUMH . til - !(; 'H i I ft? f " f& Qeneral Pershing's Siovq of the A. E.F. (Copyritht,193. t all toontrUa br tb Kortk Amarkaa Nnratxpar Alllaaca. Wot14 right mmtvmI. Ududinf tk Scaadlnaviaa. lUprodoctioa la whola at la part prohibited.) -WNUSarvioa CHAPTEB IV Continued Through his servlct m ttmbassa-dor ttmbassa-dor be was beloved and honored by tb British people, who admired his virile personality, but many Americans did not approve of his rather apologetic attitude toward hit own country prior to our entry Into tha war In aid of tbe allies. Admiral Sima Not Satisfied. I bad talk with Admiral Sims, wh was not in personal command of anr fleet serving with the Brit ish nary, but remained In London with an office at our embassy aad directed tba movements of our naval vessels, especially destroyers, from thert. EI was not satisfied with the auppart given him' from home, and complained that the Navy depart ment had not sent all the destroy ers asked for. He said the depart ment seemed to fear attacks along onr coast and did not realizt the danger to the cause In the enormous enor-mous destruction of merchant ship-pin? ship-pin? going on In European waters. The admiral's report of these losses was nothing short of star trine, but be thought they might be checked If he could have a sufficient suffi-cient number of destroyers. Witb- Lord Mayor of London Welcoming out more of this class of vessels. Sims was not .sanguine ever the projects of protecting our transports. trans-ports. However, he made It clear that every possible effort would be made to that end. CHAPTER V I wa a truest at luncheon at Buckingham palace June 11, 1917. with the American ambassador, Walter Hines Page, and Mrs. Page. The king, the queen and Princess Mary were present There was an air of charm and simplicity at the palace that permitted a freedom and Intimacy In the conversation. The plain fare was quite In keeping keep-ing with the food situation through out England. After luncheon the king, tbe am bassador and I stood near a win dow overlooking the garden, which. as his majesty explained, Instead of growing flowers, was producing potatoes. The king told ef the kaiser's visit to London a few years before and bow be had brought bis chief ef scret service along and put him ap at one of tbe hotels to leans aH be could while the kaiser himself was a guest at Buckingham palace. His majesty spoke bitterly of tno Inhumanity of the Germans, dwelling dwell-ing especially on the night bombing bomb-ing ef London. Pointing te the beautiful statue of Queen Victoria Just outside the window, the king suddenly exclaimed: . "The kaiser. God damn him, nas even tried to destroy the statue of bis ew grandmother.". For a moment I was surprised at his wards, but I quickly realized that It was a solemn expression of profound Indignation, and not pro fanity. Calls en Chief of Staff. After leaving the palace I called oi Gen. Sir WilTlam Robertson, chief ef the Imperial general staff. He waa a rugged, heavy-aet, blunt soldier, ef Scotch descent, whose record ia the army bad been exceptional excep-tional ia that he bad risen from the grade of private to his then high position. As he sipped his tea I explainea our plan for the organization of our armies by using the smali reg ular force and tbe National Guard as a nucleus. As the British themselves them-selves had tfone through the same experience two years before, I stressed the fact that It would take considerable time Like aU tbe British officials, be waa much In favor of having our forces serve with ot near their own. He pointed out that we were both Anglo-Saxons, spoke the same f7c7 1 ' m.w 1 """'"ia'ir,'ir''i , , . 1 1 "-i A'; J.JJ. n "z language, and gave other reasons to supjwrt his views. It seemed necessary to explain In detail that as the American navy waa wnrklBg wltii the British navy we should probanly plan te place our army beside the Fmicb If there was tt be any preference. It appeared ap-peared logical that we should Am this, as we were to operate on Fwnch soil aad nse French ports, railways and material. The mala thing, I went - on to say. waa te farm vmf own army as soon as possible pos-sible for ose wherever It seemed I emphasized our lack of ton-ae ton-ae and told aim that we must T3ii Qeneral John J. Penhinq have additional shipping if vt were to bring ever an army worth while, but his reaction to this was not encouraging. Ha said be tlmuKht that it was entirely out of the question for tbem to provide us with any British shipping, as they were already In sore straits to find vessels for their own national necessities. 1 called on Mr. David Lloyd George, the prim minister. He went right to the point and asked when troops would be organized and trained and the numbers we expected to send over. He was cordial enough and expressed a desire de-sire to assist us In every possible manner, but when I stressed our need of assistance to bring over our troops be did not seem to be particularly interested and gave little hope that the British would be able to furnish us any shipping whatever. Under tbe circumstances the apparent ap-parent unconcern of the British as to oar need of shipping Is not difficult dif-ficult to understand. They were seriously alarmed regarding their own food situation. It seemed to me, however, that they had allowed al-lowed their pessimism to carry General Pershiog to British Soil. them too far In,, the direction of hopelessness. At the moment, they could see no relief for the future and no prospect of aiding us In tonnage. ton-nage. Great Ovation In France. After leave-taking calls and numerous nu-merous Informal visits, conferring with various leaders and making one trip to a training camp, our party left June 13 for Folkestone and France. At Boulogne we again received an impressive welcome, and a few hours later we were in Paris. The officials who met us at the station Included M. Paul Palnleve, minister of war; Marshal Joseph Joffre, Bene Vivian, Major General Foch, then chief of staff, and United States Ambassador William G. Sharp. There were many others. oth-ers. The station was packed and the atmosphere seemed electrical with pent-up enthusiasm. Outside dense masses lined the boulevards and Oiled the squares along the route to our hotel, the Crlllon. Cheers nnd tears mingled as men and women shouted sc-claim. sc-claim. Women climbed into our carriages screaming "Vive I'Amer lane" and threw flowers until we were buried. It was said that never before in the history of Paris had there been such an outpouring of people. I was to see Ita parallel when the armistice was signed snd on two other occasions, once when President Presi-dent Wilson arrived and later when the victory parade took place, July 14. 1919. At Napoleon's Tomb. Although 1 was very anxious to get to work, it was necessary for me to make certain official calls and attend a few entertainments that had been planned for us. The French suggested that we should first go to visit Napoleon's tomb in Les Invalides. We were taken down to the crypt, wnere I was handed tbe great key and was asked to unlock the heavy wrought Iron entrance door We were shown uniforms and the baton that belonged to Napoleon Na-poleon and then his sword. Our veteran escort reverently removed the sword from the case and of fered It to me. aa if to transmit some of tbe genius of the great captain. So much of French sentiment and tradition are associated with this tomb and It treasures that every one who visits there with Frenchmen must share their feel ins of profound emotion. This Incident, In-cident, more than any other connected con-nected with my reception, ra-pressed ra-pressed me with the martial spirit of the French rP'e Finds Polncare Reserved. 1 called next to pay my respects to President Polncare and to pre-srat pre-srat greetings from President WI1-stn. WI1-stn. The French people are very bap-DT- be aald. "that America Is In the war Tour coming Is a great satisfaction to us." He Inqaired generally about our plane, meeting aa they " Hd-ora! issurance that we uld so. be in the trencbee His attuide waa rather formal and reserved, but be at once impressed me as a man of ability and force. Petaln "Most Agreeable. A visit to French geuerul hend j quarters at Complegne was made, i primarily to meet General Petaln ; and the offices of his staff. Petaln is above medium height and weight. I He wore a full mustache, slightly gray, and - was then about sixty. He has a kindly expression and is most agreeable, but not especially talkative. , His keen sense of humor became apparent from the Jokes he told at the expense of some of his staff. Our conversation after lumheon was almost entirely on military affairs. af-fairs. Including America's probable part In the war, which, as matters stood, gave little promise of becoming be-coming effective until the following spring. My Impression of Petaln was favorable fa-vorable am It remained unchanged throughout the war. Our friendship, friend-ship, which I highly treasure, had Its beginning at this meeting. At the luncheon there were several sev-eral general officers, among whom was MaJ. Gen. Franchet d'Ksperey. then In command of a group of armies under Petaln. He was considered con-sidered one of the ablest and most aggressive officers In the French army and was very popular with his men. As we wished to get a glimpse of the actual front he took us by motor as near as possible without drawing the fire of the enemy's artillery, ar-tillery, although at that time there was little activity on that part of the front The point of observation that we reached waa opposite St Quentln. which was then within the enemy's lines, and which was later near the center of the great German drive of 1918 against the British. On the return trip the chauffeur, after being cautioned several times, continued to drive at a somewhat dangerous speed, whleb so exasperated exas-perated the general that he finally threatened the chauffeur with violence, vio-lence, whereupon the speed was greatly reduced. CHAPTER VI As soon as the formalities Incident Inci-dent to our arrival In Paris were over and I made them brief as possible we got down to work, as It was urgent that we should begin at once to lay the foundation for the development and employment of the American army. , To exnedlre handling the many questions that must arise, especial ly In our relations with tne Frencn war nffiop. which controlled nrae- tically all Industrial facilities and transportation. It was war Minis-tert Minis-tert Paul Palnleve's Idea that there should be a group of French officers offi-cers placed at our disposal. Marshal Joffre was designated as head of this liaison group. The instructions received by Marshal Joffre from the minister of war were transmitted to me in a polite note. Naturally, It was pleasing to think of being associated with Marshal Mar-shal Joffre. but I thought the adoption of the plan at, this time would only add an extra channel through which requests must pass and that this would complicate rather than simplify matters. The scheme Indicated that a sort of tutelage was contemplated, which also made It objectionable. Only Beginning of Difficulties. In my opinion. It would he more expeditious to utilize the French officers on duty at my headquarters headquar-ters and develop a workable system sys-tem through experience, I explained ex-plained my views to M. Palnleve and readily arranged for the officers offi-cers of our supply departments to v - " urn .'. ' General Pershing Greeted confer directly with the chiefs of the corresponding bureaus of tbe French organization. But this was only the beginning and we soon found that we bad much to learn of the difficulties of dealing with French bureaus, either directly or Indirectly. , There was no question that under un-der the great enthusiasm the after noon of our arrival there existed serious despondency among all classes. The terrible strain of the previous years of continuous fighting fight-ing with heavy losses, was telling against both the French and the British. Temporary success In different dif-ferent theaters of war had brought small comforts, followed as they had been all too frequently by disastrous dis-astrous reverses- With actual condltlona In mind, one could fully understand why tbe allle had been so Insistent that a contingent of American troops be Immediately sent to France to bM ster their morale. While not yet prepared to do any fighting, we coaid and did furnish men for service behind the lines. We also provided raw material aad carta a manufactured supplies " rapidly aa possible and financial aid without with-out arlnt U. S. Inaction Shows Effect The more serious the situation in France, the more deplorable the loss of time by our Inaction at borne appeared- It U true that a committee at the war college ta February bad printed a brief outline report on the organization of a limited force, yet no comprehensive com-prehensive general plan had been considered for the formation ei employment of such a force, much less for a larger one. It was finally decided we ahould use the ports of Bordeaux and St. Nazulre. It was likewise estimated that the rail lines leading to the Lorraine sector, with collateral routes available, could be Improved to meet our needs. Then it became necessary to determine de-termine the sector where our forces, fighting as a unit, would be most effective. After lengthy study and consultation with allied leaders It was logical to conclude that from the purely military standpoint the employment of the American armies on the Ixirralne front would prove the most beneficial. In conference with General Petaln. who had reached the same conclusion, the decision was made accordingly. It was necessary to have a particular par-ticular sector In mind to plan definitely defi-nitely and construct requisite rail snd distributing facilities. It was tentatively understood between Genersl Petaln and myself that the American sector should Include the St. Mlhlel salient. I suggested that the first American offensive would naturally be Its reduction. He fully agreed. Place of Red Cross Decided. MaJ. Grayson M. P. Murphy, head of the Red Cross in France, and bis assistant Jamea tl Perkins, Per-kins, culled at my headquarters June 1? to discuss co-operation with the army. It was decided the Red Cross could best handle its work If given a semiofficial status, so Major Murphy was attached to my headquarters. It was the French situation that gave me the gravest concern. Pacifist Pac-ifist sentiment was prevalent in France and In many quarters there was talk of a peace parley. This pessimistic and despondent mood of the people further depressed the morale of their armies as men at the front contemplated another winter of suffering and distress for their families. To help meet these conditions 1 suggested to Major Murphy that the first task of the Red Cross should be to aid needy French people. peo-ple. As a result he and Perkins proposed that funds be distributed to soldiers' families wherever necessary. nec-essary. When the idea was presented te General Petaln he expressed the keenest appreciation and at once undertook through' his military organization or-ganization to obtain the necessary data. The Red Cross arranged te make 5.000.000 francs (nearly $1.-000,000) $1.-000,000) available to be distributed by local charitable agencl4 as rap-Idly rap-Idly as tbe information could bt. furnished as to where funds should be sent. Sees First Troops Arrive. 1 went to St Nazaire June 28 to meet the advance elements of the first division and Inspect the port The first section of the first division di-vision convoy had brought to St Nazaire the headquarters, the Sixteenth Six-teenth Infantry, two battalions of the Twenty-eighth Infantry, one battalion of the Fifth marines and some motor transport troops' and stevedores. To see the naval vessels ves-sels snd transports flying the American Amer-ican flag In the harbor gave us all a thrill of pride. It was a pleasure pleas-ure to meet the naval commander, Rear Admiral Albert Gleaves, who was to have general charge of the convoy system. The regiments of the division bad all served under my command at one time or another. They were now. however, composed of a large percentage of recruits and would have to go through a long period of training.- After a few days spent .-.$ . v i j on Landing at Boulogne. In theVuntonment at St. Nazaire the Infantry of the division was sent to the training area of Gondre-court Gondre-court north of Neufchateau. and the artillery to Valdshon. near Bel-fort Bel-fort Arrival "Tipped Off." MaJ. Gen. William L. Sibert, who had won distinction as an engineer in the construction of the Panama canal, waa In command of the first division. Tbe two Infantry brigades were commanded by Brig. Gens. R, L. Bullard and Omar Bundy, both of whom had many years of line service serv-ice behind them. I had known ail three of the general officers, as we were cadets together at the academy, acad-emy, although all belonged to classes ahead of mine- It bad been arranged that the regulations restricting reference to the allied armies by the press should apply to the American forces. But to ray otter surprise the French and British papers. In their eagerness to let their people know that the elements of the American array bad really reached France, carried full accounts of the arrival of this convoy, giving the port of debarkation, the designation designa-tion of units and the number of wen. (TO BE CONTINUED. I AWapteJ te Apparel A farthingale bench Is bread seated chair without arms, made !: the time of James I and Rliznhetb to acoaramodate the largt-booied dresses or farthingales worn ; bj the women of that period SIM ci Modern otate 1 $ A , Buddhist Priest In Front of Temple, Siam. (Prepared bjr tha National Oeoirraphle Society. WaablDKtoo. O. 0. SIAM, whose sovereign. ' King PraJadJIpok, I rtsiting the United States, Is one of the tew important Independent countries coun-tries -now ruled by an absolute monarch. But despite the fact that there Is no parliament and no check on the powers of the king. Slam Is in many ways a strikingly modern state. The country's air mall system sys-tem has operated successfully for eight years. Telegraph offices number num-ber more than 475, and some COO post offices serve every city and rural center. Wireless service handles han-dles messages to foreign countries. Two kinds of American visitors, one good, one bad. figure prominently promi-nently in the kingdom's new prosperity. pros-perity. Francis Bowes Sayre, the late President Wilson's son-in-law, and Dr. Hugh Smith, former commissioner com-missioner of the United States bureau bu-reau of fisheries, are staunch aids to Siam, The former headed a commission com-mission which secured treaties from foreign nations that removed extra-territorial rights and lifted tariff restrictions; Doctor Smith now directs the development of Siam's fishery resources. The unwelcome American visitor Is the lovely but malicious "Florida "Flor-ida weed." - The blue water hya-cinch hya-cinch of Florida, brought to the East Indies as a flower, has become be-come a curse. Because the queen of Slam brought the first specimens for her garden from Java It Is often called Java weed, but out in the country it creates a national problem by clogging the irrigation canals, it has earned the name, "blue devil." Siam, Jungles, heavy rainfall are three Ideas closely associated. Why, then, must Slam build irrigation irriga-tion dams and canals? The answer is that the Jungles are in the mountainous borderlands; the central cen-tral delta plain receives an Illinois rainfall. Because the Siamese grow rice, they must have a wealth of water; hence, irrigation. The Parsak project with a barrage type dam, completed In 1924, serves 488.000 acres. The Subhan project, about completed, will have three times the Prasak capacity. Other vast works are under way or have been planned. Railroads show equal promise. Slam, by its position, Is a natural railroad center of the world's densest dens-est population area. Bangkok, the capital, and Siamese metropolis. Is the Inevitable major railroad Junction Junc-tion for all south and east Asia. Railroada Are Important A bint of the Importance to Slam of her railroads, ail built since 185)3, is contained In tbe recent report re-port of an American agricultural expert "I was told," be writes, "that a tralnload of rice goes south daily for export to Malaya and the Dutch East Indies." Rice Is to Slam what cotton is to the South. "Come, live -In a palace," Siam invites the tourist The state rall-waj rall-waj system operates hotels as well as trains. The royal suites of Its PL j a Thai hotel at Bangkok are, Indeed, royal suites, having been occupied by royalty before the palace pal-ace was given to the railroad system sys-tem by the king. And there la a royal price attached. Royal suite No. 2, excluding rooa, can be en enged for 120 tlcals (1 tlcal is equivalent to 44 cents) per day An error! It should be 120 bahts. not 120 tlcals. in swiftly changing Siam there are no more tlcals. The tlcal waa convicted of being a, foreign word In Shim. Baht is pure Siamese. One silver baht supplants one banished tlcal. Bangkok, capital of Siam, is In location the New Orleans of the East. It Is In the delta of the Menam river "the Mother of Rivers" and dominates that stream as the Crescent City douii-nates douii-nates the Mississippi. Bangkok, the Capital. In a sense It may be said that "B:ingKou is siam" much more truly that Paris may be said to be France or Buenos Aires to be Ar gentina. In a country of 11.riiio.iiO0 inhabitants it Is virtually the only city. Its population Is nenrly three-quarters of a million, so that It is roughly midway In size be tween Pittsburgh and St Louis and has more than twice the population pop-ulation of Seattle. About It Hes Siam's richest rice hinds; to It come on the one nnnd boats biden with the products of the country, and on the other ocean going ves iV.,. h 1 i ii r,v,y. ; mm ii T ?y r -fin' I sels to unload imports and load exports . In Bangkok the king and his court live, and there la operated the machinery of the country's highly centralized government The capital has become In the eyes ' of the king and bis people n symbol sym-bol of Siamese power, and millions mil-lions of dollars have been spent to beautify it and make it In many ways a convenient modern city drained and cleaned, sparkling with electric lights, dotted with spacious parks, and crossed by streets In which the clang of tramway gongs and the chug of motor cars are common sounds. Though Slam is a tropical country, coun-try, lying In the same latitude as southern India, thanks to pleasant breezes It does not experience the extreme of heat known to the Indian In-dian plains. In Bangkok the heat during the dry season seldom exceeds- 100 degrees Fahrenheit la the shade. In the sun it Is much warmer and paper parasols are seen everywhere. Half, a century ago Bangkok was called "The Venice of the East" and fully deserved the title, for almost all transportation and movement about the city was by the river or the numerous lateral canals. Even now, thongb streets and highways have been J built, bridges constructed and tramways laid, the waterways are still of transcendent importance in the Ufa of the city. Perhaps the most colorful river scene Is the water market where each tiny boat with its cargo of food bears a little lamp. The high civilization of Bangkok Bang-kok has a contrast in extreme primitive conditions of other parts of the country. Curious customs abound. In upper Slam tea Is pickled for chewing instead of being be-ing used as a beverage. First the leaves are sun dried, then they are steamed to rid them of tannin. Next they are weighed down for fermentation, fer-mentation, a process suggestive of tbe German preparation of sauer kraut. The substance thus formed Is placed in the mouth until the Juices are removed. The appearance appear-ance of the individuals with the balls in their cheeks forms a source of amusement for travelers. Famous for Lacquer. The capital of upper Slam ia Chieng-Mai, famous for its lacquer trade and center of the teak tree trade. This region Is a land of boats. Water routes form virtually virtual-ly the only lines of communication between tbe upper and tower kingdom. king-dom. In eastern Slam a plateau and a plain support a population which must move from swamp lands In the rainy season to higher elevations eleva-tions which are barren and stony. Hence living conditions are most primitive. The month of May marks the beginning of the all-Important rice planting in Siam. King and court and thousands of subjects turn out for the Rak Na or plowing ceremony. cere-mony. Before the vast crowd the minister of agriculture, degnified with a hat like spire and gorgeous gor-geous gown, guides a huge gilded wooden plow drawn by two gaily decked bullocks. After the plowing plow-ing various seeds and grains are spread before the bullocks. It la an anxious coment for the milling populace. Oriental still In spirit Slam acquires ac-quires modern occidental apitolnt-ments apitolnt-ments of great variety. The government gov-ernment nins on a budget and Siam. too. has been passing through an economy program The king, by way of example, cut his royal allowance by 3.01 HUM) btihts. The metric system has replaced ancient measuring nnits and he-came he-came compulsory In liOO. Hvll and commercial codes have been published; there are SS.ikki Boy Scouts: the Red Cross has been organized, tliulalongkorn university univer-sity named for the monarch who, during his reign of 42 years, began the regeneration of the kingdom, enters Its fourteenth year, strtmii and growing. There Is an economic museum; a national library has usurped riie former National lYe-niation lYe-niation "ceremonial ."galleries; nM a Knyal institute of Literature, Architecture, and Fine Arts has been promulgated The present king' PraJioIjlixtk. ha progrewed to one wife, from the century ago normal royal Siamese supply of four to eight thousand wives. |