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Show March 22, 1928 PAGE SEVEN I s i i i 0 tie tico a?' is 1 s' ' TT:7np!! X II 2 w yyytr" Drifting Iceberos Mark prepared by tha National Geographic Society. Washington. D. C. ALTHOUGH It may be true that the principal ship lanes of the ocean are almost as definitely traveled and marked as a Lincoln Lin-coln highway or a Long Is-lnnd boule-rard, boule-rard, our knowledge of the bounding idkId Is only fragmentary. To begin with, the area of the sea Is ubout three times as large as that of the land. Although as long ago as 1904 the governments of the civilized world ua-1 got together some 25,000,000 observations of every kind and sort from the logs of merchantmen, warships, war-ships, and government vessels, and although al-though the results of a single expedition expedi-tion have filled over 50 massive quarto volumes, what we know about the sea Is but the primer of the things it has to reveal. The most iropiesslve thing about the sea is Its shallowness as compared with the size of the earth, and Its depth as compared with the height of the land. If you were to take a globe fix feet In diameter and excavate the deepest trench of the ocean thereon, It would be a bare pin scratch deep- about oue-twentieth of an Inch. And yet so profound are the depths of the tea that the bulk of the water in It Is IS times as great as the bulk of the land that rises above Its waves. In Its deepest trench the tallest mountain moun-tain on the face of the globe could be buried and ships could still pass over the spot with a half mile of water under them. The average depth of the ocean Is more .than two miles about 12,480 feet, the oceanographers estimate. On the other band, the average height of the land is less than half a mile about 2,250 feet How much further beneath the waves the sea bottom lies than the land crest above them is shown by the fact that while only 1 per cent of the land rises to an altitude alti-tude of 12,000 feet, 46 per cent of the ecean's floor lies under more than 12,-000 12,-000 feet of water. - " " : : The relative height of the land surface sur-face and the sea bottom is about in keeping with their relative areas, there being 71 acres occupied by the sea for every 29 held by the land. If It were possible to drain off the upper 10,000 feet of the waters of the sea and to lay bare the floor that lies under un-der It, the territory thus recovered, added to the land now above the sea, onld give only a fifty-fifty division between land and water. Broad Continental Shelf. The oceans as we know them are Isirger than the true ocean basis. A9 ! monument is always planted on a ibase, so the continents have broad i under-sea bases upon which to rest. I To the oceanographers there is a line known as the 100-fathom line, which largely parallels the shore line, but I hich is sometimes as much as several , hundred miles out to sea. When that ,'line is reached the bottom suddenly glns to slope down toward the ehysraal depths. . The floor lying landward from this s'ie is known as the continental shelf, aud It is upon this broad shelf, with ''" aggregate area three times a? large a that of the United States, that the 'ontlnents are planted. By overflowing overflow-ing this vast area of slightly submerged sub-merged territory, the oceans gather .unto themselves 10,000.000 square jmles of territory that in elevation be-, be-, '"ngs more to the land than to the A malter of fact ,ne continental ,'"eir lies In part under water and In .Wrt above, the part above being the n'h!ial Plains of the continents. :ftere these plains are broad the .'lf usually is broad, and where they re narrow the shelf is usually nar-: nar-: For instance, the plain on our Aantic coast Is broad, and there Is corresponding breadth to the eon- tai shelf. On the Pacific coast tl ?n V,a' p,ain 18 very Darrow. "n'1 e 100-fathom line is correspondingly to shore. knT " prat'tlcal standpoint, the twL lhe Sea wf most miueJiate to-7t to-7t to man is that which rests upon iatVTnental 8he,t Hre are 8itu- thi ,he 8680081,(1 citles- Wber-na Wber-na i 01 ea" lanes may meander up in ih ,he briDy deP- tney beri tt " .continental shelf and end W i. fof that 6h?'f there would u ? bays or gulfs, no harbor? and i ""ns- fr the boundaries of the V-ni n basiDS are ,nftni'e'y more iton." "Ml less ,ndenfel than the otf '"i- Ocean-bound commerce ha f Vas,ly 'neonvenlenced If it nt' dispense wth H the d hn? that tne continental shelf Pti to it. 1 pocd an mportant Question. 1 "atter that seems destined to tr?h ger P,a Jn oceanographie I n- I ,he mestion of sea food. "r.a war demonstrated bow ! Out the Labrador Coast. close is the margin between food pro-dnetlon pro-dnetlon and food consumption, and new much more presslne the food question is destined to grow In the years of peace and racial expansion that lie ahead. The oceans literally teem with food. Hie man who declared that humanity Is a race of herring-catchers might nave overstated the case, but that the sea abounds In food fishes and fishes fit for food Is well known. As soon as we begin to study the subject of ocean fisheries, however, we come up short against the fact that what we really know about the inhabitants of the sea is startlingly limited. Another phase of oceanography that will demand and receive close attention atten-tion in the years to come is the ocean currents. The effect of these great rivers of the sea upon the welfare of the human race is past imagination. It is said that the Gulf stream carries enough heat toward Europe every 24 hours to melt a mass of Iron as large as Mount Washington. Rear Admiral Pillsbury, describing this remarkable river of the sea, says that every hour there passes through the straits of Florida the enormous total of 90,000,000,000 tons of water, carrying enough salt to load many times over every ship that palls the main. Through these straits the stream is 40 miles wide. It carries more water than all the streams of the world bring down from the land to the sea. In each of the four quarters of the globe there is a wonderful circulatory system the heavy, cold waters of the polar seas ruslilng equatorward, and the light, warm waters of tropic oceans sweeping back, giving a huge swirl not unlike the motion of water driven around the bottom of a basin by the hand. Puzzle of the Ocean Currents. Vessels and debris caught in these currents often play uncanny tricks, in 1905 the Stanley Dollar, an American freighter, went upon the rocks at the entrance to Yokohama bay. Her life-preservers life-preservers were washed out as she lay upon the beach upon which she was run to prevent her sinking. In 1911 two of her life-preservers were picked up on the shores of the Shetland islands, north of Scotland. How they reached there Is one of the puzzling questions that so often arise anent the sea. Did they sweep up the As'iatic coast, through Behring strait, and then through the Northwest Passage Pas-sage and Baffin bay, and thence by Iceland to the Shetland islands? Or did they, after floating through the Northwest Passage, get into the Polar current and sweep down the Atlantic to the point where that ocean river dives under the Gulf stream, to be picked up there by the latter current cur-rent and carried to the Shetland Islands? Is-lands? It has often been urged that the American Indian came to the shores of the New world an unwilling voyager voy-ager on the bosom of the Japan current. cur-rent. Certain It Is that all of these vast rivers of the ocean have played an incalculably important role In the affairs of the human race, and that a more exhaustive study of them than has been made holds many revelations in store. One of the questions that is often asked is whether a ship, sinking in deep water, goes to the bottom, or whether she finds her level in some vertical depth zone and drifts on for-tver. for-tver. This question sprang into great prominence when the Titanic went down, and was asked frequently during dur-ing the World war. The answer Is. she goes directly to the bottom, else bow could a dredge or a trawl be sent down five miles. One of the strange things that happen hap-pen when rhlps sink is that implosions occur. These are Inward burstings, often with a force as tremendous as the outward bursting caused by explosions ex-plosions of gunpowder. As the ship sinks Into deep water, air chamnet? that do not fill up are burst inwar-l with a force proportionate to their resistance. If there be corked bottles in the stores that are not entirely full, the corks are driven In or the bottle burst With what force these implosions occur may be gathered from an experience expe-rience of scientific expedition. A thermometer was let down Into very deep water, wrapped in protecting c'oth. When the line was drawn op the cloth contained no thermometer. Instead It contained a lot of impalpable im-palpable white stuff resembling snow. The implosion had not shivered the thprn.on.eter Into the proverbial thou sand pieces: M had simply transformed trans-formed it Into durt. Wood sent to the bottom of the deep places of tb ocean has its very cells invaded and crushed and loses 1U buoyancy. That Constant Backache Too Often This Warn of Sluggish Kidneys. LAME Stiff? Achy? Everyday bring constant, nagging backache? Sure your kidneys are working right? Sluggish kidney allow watte impurities im-purities to remain in the blood and upset the whole system. A common warning is too frequent, scanty or burning secretions. Use Doon'j Pills. Doan'i, a stimulant stimu-lant diuretic, increase the secretion of the kidneys and ' thus aid in the elimination of waste impurities. Ar endorsed by users everywhere. At your neighbor! DOAN'S p,&s A STIMULANT DIURETIC A KIDNEYS rbtttr-Milburn Ca HlgChc.Burralo.NY. uickly Relieves Rheumatic Pains 12 Days' Free Trial To get relief when pain tortured joints and muscles keep "you in constant con-stant misery rub ?n Joint-Ease. It is quickly absorbed and you can rub it In often and expect results more speedily. Get it 'at any druggist drug-gist in America. Use Joint-Ease for sciatica, lumbago, lum-bago, sore, lame muscles, lame back, chest colds, sore nostrils and burning, burn-ing, aching feet. Only 60 cents. It penetrates. FRUpSend name and Address for 12 a iMUday tria tube , Pojw Laboratories, Labora-tories, Desk 3. Hallowell, Maine. Joint iclS6 Foreign Language Press ' No country in the world has a larger larg-er foreign-language press than we have here. Our 14,000,000 foreign-born foreign-born are said to read some twenty-five twenty-five thousand publications In their own tongues. Of these 165 are dallies, 870 weeklies, and the re either monthlies month-lies semi-monthlies, or quarterlies. The Outlook. BARBS He who hesitates gets bawled out by a traffic cop. A salesman has to strike a man right to make a hit. Crime could be decreased by decreasing de-creasing the criminals. Some people could say what they think, and still be quiet. When It conies to getting there perspiration per-spiration beats inspiration. What this country needs Is heavy underwear that will not itch. All of them like to be fair and Just, bu Just try telling one she is only-Just. only-Just. American Jazz Is Invading Germany and she may demand that we pay her an indemnity. The time to keep cool over the -oh1 situation Is pat. We- must warm up to It before long. Mussoloni has a lot of troubles, but we doubt If he Is bothered muh by life Insurance agents. Most of us think we could do much better If we only had the opportunities opportu-nities which we don't realize we have. Detroit Free Tress. OLD BILL SAyS Oil on a reamer often has a tendency tend-ency to make It cut undersize. If the hole should be underside with a power reamer, it can be sized accurately accu-rately with a band reamer. Talking about what you hare done won't get you far in this or any other shop; let's see what you can. do now. A hand rwimer is never intended to be run with power or to take 'i heavy cut because it cuts only on th sid." i Modern methods demand modern equipment: the modern macniiHM must keep posted on the latest developments de-velopments In the trade. When reaming- a numlr of p!-e always tet the first hole o make sure that the reamer Is not cnttins oversiw. A chucking reamer cuts both on the end and side and may remove from l-4 to 1-32 inch of metal, a-cordii.2 t its size and the accuracy required. Popular Scienc Monthly. WAYSIDE KUGGETS Living too fat will W you to want to lecve It, if you d'.nt leave it before yon want to. Couldn't Make It Go on That Much Money Mrs. Elizabeth Mortimer Miller, the eugenics eipert, told s story to a Du-luth Du-luth reporter. "Our children," she said, "live too much with their elders. They hear too many things that are unfit for children's ears. Th!s makes there precocious. pre-cocious. "In my native Slouk City s boy answered an-swered a butcher's want ad. " 'What can you dor the butcher asked him. "'Anything,' said the boy. 'What ill you pay mej' "'Two good dollars a week, starting start-ing right here and now, said the butcher. 'But what can you do?' "'Anything, told you,' said the boy, "'Any thing's no answer, said the butcher. 'Be specific. Can you dress a chicken ?' "'Gosh.' said the boy, 'not on 12 a week.' Astounding Power Fact All the crashes of lightning in the world produce, at any given time, power equal to less thun one-twentieth of the light and power companies In the United States, according to computations based on estimates of F. W. Teck, Jr consulting engineer for the General Electric company. There Is an average of 1.800 thunderstorms thun-derstorms In progress tn the world at any one Instant, according to Mr. Peck. These give 300,000 flashes per hour, of 1,500,000 horsepower operating operat-ing continuously. , This Is compared with the 82,500,-O00 82,500,-O00 horsepower capacity of generating stations In the United States. Ohio Village Reborn Ohio's old town of Scboenbrunn, two miles southeast of Cleveland, Is the state's newest village as well, for It now has one house, which is more than it has had In more than a century. cen-tury. This structure is a copy of the log cabin built by Rev. David Zelsber-ger, Zelsber-ger, Moravian missionary, who founded found-ed the settlement May S, 1772. By August of that year, Schoenbrunn became be-came a thriving settlement of some sixty houses of hewn timber. Then the site was lost for 146 years, being discovered In 1923 by excavation. Beg Your Parddn Harry Is Mr. Bale In his roomT Clerk Sorry, but there's nobody home on the top floor. Harry Oh, then I'll ask somebody else. " rKxooooxoooooo MOTOR MUTTERS A rear-vlslon mirror helps, but what most motorists need Is foresight. San Francisco Chronicle. Chron-icle. A fool Is born every minute, but the motor accidents even things up.- Nashville Tennes-seean. Tennes-seean. The Jaywalker differs from the Joyrider In that he prefers to take his standing up. St. Paul Pioneer Press. Nothing works out right. In a town where you can park n long as you want to there Is no reason why you should want to. Birmingham News. oooooooooooooc BEWARE! "You have wonderful eyes.". "Won't you dine with us on Thursday?" Thurs-day?" "Do have a glass. It's real home brew." "I know where you can bny It for $30 a case." "Now, I know a system that simply can't be beaten." "You must stop over a few day. Well give you the pink room." "It's a sound proitosltion. and can let you lu on the ground floor." "I want you to meet a cousin of mine. She's en awfully sweet girl." "You've be-n the one man I've always admired and respected above all the rest f th" crowd. Now. I was wondering .If" "Yes, It's absolutely brand new. eight-cylinder, seven-passenger; and never been used. ne hundred dollars." dol-lars." Kansas City Star. SAYS THE OWL There sre still poop'e who buy the largest apples Instead of the best ones. Conduct is three-fourths of liff. w said Kinerwn. Not hat you "think." Dull fop!e seldom hurt anybody's feelings by what Ihey sny. It's -df to lov "em. If a man doesn't start to reform lb world Itt-fore he is thirty-five years v'i, he doesn't care. Moral Miasion works niecessfully with chiidn n provided yon have retained re-tained their respect. MARTIN JOHNSON, Explorer, Smokes Lucky Strikes in Wildest Africa "Once on the Abyssinian border my shipment of Lucky Strikes from Amer ica missed us, and I was miserableuntilthenatives follotved our tracks across the Kaisout desert to "Nairobi with my precious cargo of Luckies. After four years of smoking Luckies in wildest Africa, I find my voice in perfect condition for my lecture tour in America" it's t No Throat Irritation-No Cough. C1928, The American Tobacco Co., Inc. AROUND THE CITY Good deeds never die, but lots of them seem to go into a trance. Discipline Is exemplified by either the first year at school or the first year of married life. Some people boast that heaven Is their home, and then move every time the rent Is due. It doesn't necessarily take money to make fools of some people, but undoubtedly un-doubtedly it helps a lot. You never can tell. Many a man Is eager to fight for reform till you hit him iu the pocket. Many a dull sermon on a drowsy Sunday morning Is followed by a great religious awakening. When a woman's face Is her fortune it is not neeesflasry for her to continually contin-ually be flashing her roll. Muggins "It seems strange that divorce di-vorce laws should le so much easier In some stutcs thun In others." Bugglns "But a fool and his money can be parted anywhere," "Salvation is free," cried the good deacon. "Yeah," agreed the unregen-erate unregen-erate backxllder, "if it were 08 cent marked down from a dolltir it would undoubtedly be more popular." Philadelphia Phil-adelphia l-eilger. PUNGENT PARAGRAPHS Things heard ( the keyhole are apt to be true. Women are Just as had as rinn make them also Just as good. We. can understand a crowd of women much better than any single one. Did you ever know a womtin who wa satisfied with the hips God gave her? Foine men have as much trouble with one uife as a bigamist hHS with two. Nature's abhorrence is for all radiums, but the mental variety gbe abhors n.ost of ell. Ilez Hek says: So fur as I've noticed, no-ticed, there ain't any concerted movement move-ment among undertakers to stop boot-leggluV boot-leggluV Bert Mows, in Detroit Frt Pre. FRENCH PROVERBS Who hurries o.-rtnoch Is left on t?ie road. Dejith spares neither small nor great - The Cream of tacco d oast OBSERVATIONS A very large man sometimes makes a very small citizen. Only a fool wolf would hang around the door of a starving man. There's no fool like the young fool-who tries to act like an old fool. Truth to a man Is what he knows; to a woman what she believes. Was there ever a man who didn't talk shop more than was necessary? When two women talk the subject of their conversation Is often conspicuously absent 00000000000000000000000o WORDS TO WISE MEN Life Is a long lesson In humility. The happy only are the truly great One weakens everything which one exaggerates. Man Is clogged with what Is too familiar fa-miliar to him. Kvery tub must stand upon Its bottom. bot-tom. Mack! In. Delay is the greatest remedy for anger. Seneca. Love all. trust a few. do wrong to none. Shakespeare. It Is hard for an empty bag to stand upright Franklin. All the beauty of the world. 'Us but skin deep. Venning. As good to be out of the world ss out of fashion. fibber. Genius does what It must talent does what It can. Lytton. No rule Is so general, which admits tiot some exception. Burton. HAPPY THOUGHTS It's an 111 wind that blows a saxophone. saxo-phone. One thing that can't he preserved in alcohol Is a set-ret The tide of prosperity Is all very well If you can swim. Somebody sniJ that exercise .! kill all genus. But the trouble is to get the stubborn things to exercise. I 1 |