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Show t ' ' : ; I - r"'- Church I CHURCH CALENDAR. I Sunday. IS Twentieth after Pentecost. J Gospel. St. John J v. 46-53: Healing: I of the son of the ruler of Caphar- I naum. Maternity of B. V. M. Monday, 9 St. Peter of Alcantara, C. I Tuesday. L'O .St. John Cantius, C. 1 "Wednesday, 21 St. Ursula and Oomp., I V. MM. ! Thursday, 22 Ft. Scvrus, B. 1 Friday, b St. Theodoret, M. Saturday, 24 St. Raphael, Archangel. ! American Monastic Orders. Of th" 12.000 priests in the United Plates, 3,000 belong to the monastic; liodies. beside some 1,500 novices and - S.ooo lay brothers; and of all these very , i few eer return to secular life, although It Is fairly easy to do so. Of the total of 7.500 the Jesuit order includes more than a quarter, though its rules are .moiig the most severe. The members of these communities vary in rank and condition according to the constitution of the society. In a community like the Paulists, the members are all priests, whereas with the Benedictines they are divided into two classes, priests and lay brothers, who live under the same general gen-eral law, but ach according to the duties du-ties f his state. ARain, some communities, commu-nities, like the Alexians end the Brothers Broth-ers of the Christian Schools, are made up entirely of laymen. Each community has its characteristics characteris-tics so marked that the well-informed Catholic easily distinguishes between Benedictine and Franciscan, Jesuit and Dominican, Redemptiontst and Vincen-tian. Vincen-tian. Hence the society feeling is almost al-most aa intense in the members as race feeling among laymen. I say almost as intense, because race feeling at times overpowers the community feeling. For I Instance, the Jesuits have in this coun- I try a race division in their American I and German provinces, and the Fran- 1 ciscans also in their Italian and Amer- I lean provinces. The Benedictines in I the United States are largely recruited 1 from the German population; the Fran- icscans, from the German and Italian; I the Jesuits, from the American ele- I nient, sprung from all immigrant races, ! perhaps chiefly from the Irish; the Re- 1 demptorlsts, from German and Irish J chiefly, and so on down the entire list. I The secondary aim of each communi- S ty is some particular work, which is I eagerly sought as soon as membership J nd preparation will permit. An ex- animation of the statistics shows that I all the communities in the United ! states are engaged in three depart- i ments education, charity work for I men and boys, and parish and mission vork. In the field of education the work of the communities has been singularly sin-gularly effective. The colleges of the Jesuits enjoy a high reputation the Benedictines have many fine institutions institu-tions in the west, the Holy Cross fathers fa-thers have won a great success in their university at Notre Dame, Indiana, and the Brothers of the Christian Schools have been equally successful in the primary and grammar schools and in the college. The charity -work is entirely en-tirely in the hands of the lay communities, communi-ties, for the sacerdotal bodies do not enter en-ter this field. The care of hospitals, orphan asylums, refugees and protectories protecto-ries for men and boys engages the time . and skill of half the entire body of community laymen. Almost all the sacerdotal communities communi-ties take their share in the parochial and mission work of the country; sometimes some-times because it is part of their rule so, to do, or because of the pressing need j ! of the people. The Jesuits have a well- defined system in this regard. Their college and church are usually inseparable. insep-arable. If they must choose, the college col-lege gets the preference, since the higher high-er education of their own members and cf the laity is their chief aim. Circum-rtances Circum-rtances change this rule, as in the case of the western missions, where they have only three colleges, but look after 1.0 poor parishes that would otherwise lack proper care. The Jesuits are very proud of their Indian missions, as they have good rason to be. In the same way the Benedictines look after 200 parishes through the west and south; the Capuchins also spare some mem- bers fur the work, together with the I Yincentians, Augustinians, and Fran- 1isr ans. Perhaps the Cistercians alone, familiarly known as Trappists, adhere strictly to their own convents according accord-ing to rule, and avoid participating in any kind of parish work. I The most peculiar work which the I communities perform is the preaching of missions to the common people and I retreats to the nuns and the clergy. J The misKion corresponds in a general 1 way to the Protestant revival, and in the average parish is held every other r year. According to the size of the par- j ish, it will last from one to four weeks. (The Redemptorist community is altogether- devoted to mission work, and j trains its members specially. The same j may be said of the Paulist community, J which also makes a specialty of preach- ing the gospel to non-CathoJics: but 1 nearly all the sacerdotal communities 1 ' re more or less engaged in the work, i which in benefiting the laity has also I developed sacred eloquence among the lergy to a considerable degree. Rev. John Talbot Smith, in Munseys. Newark Diocese Fifty Years Old. , The Diocese of Newark, N. J., has its golden jubilee anniversary on Nov. 3 of this year. The Very Rev. J. A. Sheppard, V G.. has announced the programme lor the services to be held In connection with the proposed cele-i-ation. Preceding the jubilee there will be a triduum. which will be ob- 1 rerved in all the churches of the dio- cese on Oct. 2S, 23 and 30- Nov. 1 the pubilee will be commenced with the ii preaching of sermons In all the church es upon the history of Catnolieism in 4 the Newark diocese. Nov. 3. in the i cathedral, Newark, there will be cele brated a Pontifical Mass by Bishop O'Connor. The sermon will be preached by Bishop McQuaidf Rochester. Apos-, Apos-, tolic Delegate Monsignor Fafconio will be present at the mass. Nov. 4 Bishop O'Connor will tender a reception to the laity in Kreuger auditorium. Msgr. Merry del Val Half Irish. It is slated that Mgr. Merry del Val Is Irish on his mother's side. The "del Val" is the Portugese purt of the name; the "Merry" is Irish. The Merrys are ! "H'aterford family, and branches still live and flourish in diTerent parts of that county. It is wot ihy of note, by the way that Cardinal Wiseman's family fam-ily also came from AVaterford, and that the same city can claim to be the birthplace of three such orators as , ; Thom.-.s Francis Meagher, Thomas Sexton and Edmond Lramy, who represents rep-resents North Kildare in the House of ; Commons . .Minnesota's O.dest Church. The fiftieth annivo.iry of the build- ing of St. Peter's tr urcb at Mendota, j the first permanent c'.ureh erected in I what is now Minnesota, was celebrated ? a few days ago. The Rev. Father Lu-1 Lu-1 fi:in Galtier founded the congregation in 3 $40. and after him ame the Rev. Augustin liavoux. who .milt the present pres-ent solid structure. He wa succeeded by the Rev. Anatole Ostej-, in 1S37, who was pastor until 1859, and now, after I forty-five years, has returned to his j old charge. The record booK of the' 1 . 1 . - , -f . .. parish was started by him at the age of 22. and now at 6f he is still using it. entering the baptisms of the grandchildren grand-children of those he baptized years iS'O. Pius X's Gift to the Czar. If Roman reports speak truly, one, at least, of the best portraits which are being painted of His Holiness is destined des-tined to be his gift to royalty. Thus Herr Lippay's first portrait of Pius X, j which is to be of life size, is, it is believed, be-lieved, destined for the Czar, who is to be the first potentate to visit Komt after the conclave. Monasticism in France. The French Benedictines, true to the tr.'iditions of their great order, propose while in exile in Belgium, England and elsewhere to prepare a voluminous work to be entitled "La France Monas-tique." Monas-tique." It will embrace the early history his-tory of the order and of its saints and illustrious scholars, ltotably those of France, like Mabillon, of the Congregation Congre-gation of St. Maur. Another remarkable remark-able feature will be the publication of the hitherto unpublished correspondence correspon-dence of the Monks of St. Maur, to whom the world is indebted for much valuable knowledge. Pprcial attention will be devoted to the French branches of the order, such as those of Cluny, Citeaux, Fontevrault. Grandmont. the Celestins. the Carthusians, Saint Maur, Saint Vannes and Chezal Benoist. Every year three octavo volumes of the immense compilation will be published pub-lished for subscribers, by Poussielgne's firm, of the Rue Cassette. This compilation com-pilation will be valuable not only to Catholics interested in the splendid history of their church, and its orders, but it will command the attention of scholars all over the civilized world. The French Benedictines equaled in learning their brethren of Monte Cas-sio, Cas-sio, Calabria, Shrewsbury, St. Gall in Switzerland, Wedinghausen in Westphalia, West-phalia, and elsewhere. It is also noteworthy note-worthy that there were great monastic foundations in France even before St. Benedict's time. Of such as tliese were Liguge, the "Monasterium Lococia-gense," Lococia-gense," which the Benedictines recently left, near Poiters. and the Monastery of Marmontier. near Tours. As Denk, the German historian of Gaul, and also Montalembert, point out, these very ancient an-cient French monasteries were founded by St. Martin of Tours. They afterwards after-wards passed into the hands of the Benedictines. What the Exiled French Religions Bring in Money. The following statistics concerning the destinations of some of the dispersed dis-persed French religious orders are taken tak-en from the New York Evening Post: England has received 6,100; 1.100 have gone to Canada and 1.800 have entered the United States. The number of religious re-ligious men and of religious women who have sought an asylum In England is about equal; of those who went to Canada the vast majority are religious women, and nearly all who came to the United States are men. In England Eng-land the monasteries and convents now number 990. The Bishop of Southwark, in South London, haB lately opened thirty-one new missions for the employment em-ployment of banished French religious men. It is stated that nearly $22,000,000 has been brought into England by these religious, and $8,000,000 into the United States and Canada-France's Canada-France's Present Plight Explained. Few people had better opportunities of becoming intimately acquainted with the politico-ecclesiastical situation in France than the late distinguished Sul-plcian, Sul-plcian, Father Hogan, who had lived many years in Paris. In a magazine article written by him not meany years tgo he stated that, roughly speaking, the population of France might be divided di-vided into three portions. One is composed of persons openly and bitterly bitter-ly hostile to the Church and seeking its destruction. This element, he pointed out, is a distinct minority. Another part is composed of persons adhering loyally to the Church, accepting its laws and practices, and jealous of its interests. This too, according to Father Fa-ther Hogan, is a distinct minority. Between Be-tween these two, he asserts, lies the bulk of the French people, indifferent and unconcerned about the Church, its laws, customs, interests, welfare, and not willing to allow the claims of religion reli-gion to interfere with the course of temporal prosperity. This is a simple and correct key to a situation which is a source of perplexity to many observers observ-ers unacquainted with the facts. Abolish, the Concordat. Although the majority of thelFreneh episcopate are in favor of the retention reten-tion of the existing relations between Church and State, one Bishop holds strong views against the Concordat. Mgr. Le Camus has been interviewed, and his opinions published in the Figaro. Fig-aro. The Bishop of La Rochelle frankly? says: "The Concordat might be defended as a perfectly lawful arrangement, although al-though many of us think that the Church has lost more than she gained in accepting, since the fourth century, the protection of the secuiar arm. She was created a spiritual power, and the material support lent her by the temporal tem-poral power has often impaired her spiritual activity, apart from the price she has had to pay for that support." He believes that, were the churches and presbyteries handed over to the clergy, and their stipends continued for twenty j'ears to come, or during the lifetime of the present Incumbents, Incum-bents, the Church would be able to organize or-ganize herself so completely that she would suffer nothing from disestablishment. |